-NRLF 


B   ^   501   321 


C-7  . 


•* 


THE  AMERICAN  THOROUGHBRED 


BY 


THOMAS  B.  MERRY 

("HIDALGO") 


PRINTED  BY  THE 

COMMERCIAL  PRINTING  HOUSE 

LOS  ANGELES,  CAL 

1905 


T  5  f 


^Au^^o 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress  in  the 
Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress  on  the 
seventeenth  day  of  October,  A.  D.,  1904. 


Contents 


Preface 

Our  Portrait  Gallery 

Part  I.  The  Origin  of  the  Thoroughbred  :3 

Part   II.         The  Three   Cardinal   Lines  23 

Part  III.       The   Modern   British  Thoroughbred  35 

Part  IV.        The  American  Thoroughbred  71 

Second  Epoch — 1783  to  1861  7° 

Third  Epoch — Close  of  Civil  War  to  Date  84 

Our  Imported  Sires 

Our  Native  Sires 

Our  Great  Native  Mares  ;    l  2" 

Part  V.          The   French   Thoroughbred  J33 

Second  Epoch     -  J43 

Part  VI.       The   Austro-Hungarian  Thoroughbred  151 

Part  VII.     The  Australian  Thoroughbred  J59 

The  Bruce  Lowe  System  of  Breeding  by  Figures  I  77 

Converse  In-Breeding 

In-Breeding,  Past  and  Present  -  l85 

A  Heart  to  Heart  Talk  with  Breeders  189 

Selling  Races  195 

Spurious  Pedigrees  T97 

A   Military   Proposition 

Two-Year-Old  Racing  -  2O5 

The  Breeders'  Handbook  2O9 

Some  Representative  American  Stallions    - 

The  Burns  and  Waterhouse  Farm  -    24J 

A  Home  Production     -  245 


132131. 


P  r  e  f  a  c  e 


My  only  excuse  for  the  appearance  of  this  volume  is  my  firmly-rooted  belief  that 
such  a  book  is  needed  by  the  breeders  of  thoroughbred  horses  in  America.  When  one 
man  can  send  into  the  sales  ring  a  consignment  of  over  three  hundred  yearlings  and 
sell  them  at  auction  for  something  in  excess  of  an  average  of  $800,  it  is  time  for 
other  breeders  to  wake  up  and  begin  to  study  the  science  of  breeding  as  he  has  done. 
Most  men  are  willing  to  pay  a  big  price  for  a  stallion,  without  grumbling,  but  when 
it  comes  to  purchasing  a  really  good  mare,  and  the  daughter  of  a  great  producing 
matron  at  that,  for  $1500  or  $2000,  they  button  up  their  breeches'  pockets  and  say  "Nay" 
to  the  man  who  has  the  mare  to  sell.  It  is  high  time  for  other  men  to  follow  the  lead 
of  Messrs.  Belmont,  Haggin,  Keene,  Camden  and  such  men  who  see  the  necessity  of 
excellence  in  both  sexes. 

Just  twelve  years  ago,  Col.  Sanders  D.  Bruce,  editor  of  the  Turf,  Field  and  Farm, 
issued  a  book  entitled  "The  Thoroughbred  Horse,"  which  he  modeled  very  largely  upon 
the  "Breeders'  Hand  Book,"  published  by  Mr.  Joseph  Osborne  in  England.  Both  those 
books  were  well  written  but  badly  edited.  Mr.  Bruce  carried  you  back  to  the  days  of 
Waxy  and  Sir  Peter  and  without  any  other  intermission,  dropped  you  down  on  the  back 
of  some  old  short-bred  Kentucky  mare  like  Picayune  or  Minerva  Anderson,  neither  of 
which  should  ever  have  found  a  place  in  the  American  Stud  Book,  save  in  an  appendix. 
Now,  don't  understand  me  as  seeking  to  elevate  my  own  work  by  belittling  a  dead 
friend.  Col.  Bruce's  services  to  his  country  were  signal  and  varied.  He  probably 
did  as  much  as  any  other  man,  living  or  dead,  to  keep  his  native  State  (Kentucky) 
from  going  out  of  the  Federal  Union ;  and  his  Stud  Book,  which  was  the  work  of  almost 
thirty  years  continuously,  while  it  has  its  imperfections,  was  so  far  in  advance  of  my 
expectations  and  of  the  expectations  of  others  of  his  friends,  that  he  deserves  the  high- 
est praise  for  it.  With  his  steadfast  work  to  bring  order  out  of  chaos,  the  labors  of  his 
successors  in  that  field  have  been  comparatively  easy.  But  the  editorial  portion  of  "The 
Thoroughbred  Horse"  was  carelessly  put  together,  no  matter  how  well  written ;  and  the 
same  is  true  equally  of  Mr.  Joseph  Osborne's  book,  for  in  both  cases  the  reader  has  to 
go  through  the  whole  editorial  portion  of  the  book  in  order  to  find  what  he  wants  to 
know  concerning  any  given  horse  or  family  of  horses. 

I  have  endeavored  to  remedy  that  defect  by  a  classification  of  the  subject  matter 
involved  in  these  pages.  I  devote  one  chapter  to  the  "Origin  of  the  Thoroughbred" 
and  deal  chiefly  with  the  three  great  lines  which  have  survived  all  others — the  Godolphin 
Arabian,  the  Darley  Arabian  and  the  Byerly  Turk.  If  anybody  wants  the  details  of 
importation  of  Oriental  horses  into  England,  up  to  and  including  the  reign  of  good 
Queen  Anne,  I  must  refer  him  to  the  works  of  Mr.  Osborne  and  Col.  Bruce,  as  giving 
details  more  minute  than  I  could  hope  to  embrace  in  this  little  book.  The  student  of 
breeding  cares  nothing  in  this  day  for  the  fact  that  the  Godolphin  Arabian's  great 


io  Preface 

reputation  grew  out  of  Hobgoblin's  refusal  to  cover  Roxana.  What  he  wants  is  facts 
and  figures  embracing  the  present  day  and  date.  The  mere  fact  that  Catton  and  Emilius 
were  two  of  the  best  and  most  successful  stallions  between  1820  and  1840,  has  no  bear- 
ing upon  modern  breeding  because  the  male  lines  of  those  two  once-famous  sires  are 
now  wholly  extinct,  while  that  of  the  despised  and  calumniated  Blacklock — in  that  era 
at  least — is  now  at  the  head  of  the  British  turf,  through  St.  Simon  and  his  sons,  two 
of  which  have  already  headed  the  list  of  winning  sires  though  less  than  twelve  years 
old. 

Hence  my  only  endeavors  have  been  to  bring  this  book  down  to  date  and  modern- 
ize its  contents  so  far  as  practicable.  The  great  world  is  in  a  great  hurry  just  now, 
and  has  but  little  time  to  devote  to  the  perusal  of  ancient  history.  So  I  deal  with 
horses  of  the  last  sixty  years  as  much  as  possible,  referring  the  reader  to  the  works  of 
Col.  Bruce  for  the  old  days  in  Virginia;  and  to  Mr.  Osborne's  work  for  the  ancient 
occurrences  on  the  turf  in  England  and  Ireland.  They  were  both  better  writers  than  1 
am  and  had  more  extensive  libraries  upon  which  to  draw  for  information.  Hence  I 
make  no  claim  for  any  great  amount  of  originality  in  this  book,  but  I  can  claim  truth- 
fully that  its  .construction  is  more  orderly  and  methodical  than  that  of  any  book  that 
has  yet  been  published  on  this  subject,  either  in  America  or  in  Europe. 

I  naturally  expected  to  make  some  money  out  of  this  book,  but  fear  that  I  shall 
not  have  $1000  left  after  paying  all  the  bills.  I  have  received  no  support  from  Ken- 
tucky whatever  and  none  of  any  extent  except  from  Californians,  counting  Mr.  James 
R.  Keene  as  one.  Col.  S.  D.  Bruce's  book  contained  advertisements  of  94  stallions 
of  which  68  were  owned  in  Kentucky.  In  this  book  there  is  just  one  Kentucky  stallion 
owned  by  a  bona  fide  resident  of  that  State.  The  truth  is,  that  I  am  suffering  for  an- 
other party's  misdeeds. 

In  1902  a  canvass  was  made  for  a  book  to  be  called  "The  History  of  the  Horse," 
to  be  published  from  the  office  of  the  New  York  Spirit  of  the  Times.  The  brothers 
Le  Berthon  got  about  $42,000  worth  of  contracts  on  that  book  for  which  they  were  to 
receive  50  per  cent,  as  commission.  On  this  amount  some  $16,000  was  paid  in  checks 
and  turned  over  to  the  manager  of  the  Spirit  of  the  Times,  who  deposited  them  in  the 
bank  to  his  personal  account  and  drew  checks  against  it  to  pay  the  Le  Berthons  their 
commissions.  No  book  ever  has  appeared  nor  ever  will.  The  manager  of  the  concern 
got  away  with  a  nice  little  stake  and  now,  when  I  come  to  print  a  book  that  is  needed, 
I  get  the  frozen  lip  from  men  to  whose  interests  I  am  doing  an  actual  service.  Mr. 
John  Le  Berthon  lives  in  this  city  and  is  respected  as  a  straight  and  upright  man 
wherever  he  is  known.  I  would  risk  my  life  on  his  honesty  as  I  have  known  him 
nearlv  twenty  years.  He  is  in  no  way  to  blame  for  the  non-appearance  of  the  "History 
of  the  Horse."  He  did  his  work  and  got  his  pay  for  it,  as  was  right.  The  other  party 
who  received  the  checks  of  Messrs.  Whitney,  Mackay,  Belmont  and  others,  and  gave 
no  value  in  return,  is  in  pretty  big  luck  to  be  at  large  and  master  of  his  own  actions. 

I  have  tried  also  to  offend  nobody  while  endeavoring  to  write  impartially  and  in 
a  spirit  of  honest  criticism.  As  to  what  appears  in  the  "Breeders'  Hand  Book"  portion 
of  this  work,  that  is  advertising  pure  and  simple;  and  the  opinions  concerning  horses 
published  therein  are  those  of  their  owners  and  not  of  myself.  Hence  I  cannot,  in  any 
spirit  of  fairness  be  held  responsible  for  anything  that  appears  in  that  part  of  my 
work.  In  the  editorial  portion  of  it,  ranging  from  Chapter  I  to  Chapter  X,  the  opinions 
advanced  are  all  my  own  and  upon  them  I  am  ready  to  stand  or  fall,  in  the  full 
belief  that  the  right  to  applaud  carries  with  it  the  right  to  censure  as  well.  I  seek  to 
quarrel  with  no  other  man's  opinions  but  will  endeavor,  as  far  as  possible,  to  have  my 
own  respected.  And  to  achieve  that  end  I  feel  that  1  must  write  in  a  spirit  of  candor 
and  justice,  so  that  when  the  end  comes  to  me  as  it  does  to  all  men,  those  who  survive 
me  may  remember  the  injunction  of  the  Moor  and  "cspeak  me  fair  in  death — nothing 
extenuate  nor  set  down  aught  in  malice." 


P  r  e  f  a  c  e  n 

The  reader  who  expects  to  find  any  such  glowing  pen-pictures  in  this  book  as 
are  to  be  found  in  Mr.  Porter's  description  of  the  great  race  between  Wagner  and 
Grey  Eagle,  will  be  disappointed.  Nor  will  he  discover  in  these  pages  any  such  crisp 
and  elegant  English  as  characterizes  the  works  of  Mr  .H.  H.  Dixon,  who  wrote  over  the 
signature  of  "The  Druid,"  for  two  reasons :  First,  because  I  am  not  competent  to 
write  in  a  flowery  vein,  even  if  I  so  desired ;  and  seconds  because  this  is  a  book  that  is 
largely  technical  in  its  nature  and,  therefore,  all  florid  rhetoric  should  be  avoided.  It 
is  written  for  the  perusal  of  plain  men ;  it  deals  with  plain  and  stubborn  facts ;  and  for 
that  reason  should  be  couched  in  the  plainest  language  possible. 

THOS.  B.  MERRY. 


OUR     PORTRAIT     GALLERY 


The  object  of  every  illustrated  work  of  this  sort,  especially  where  the  horses 
of  various  nations  are  given,  is  to  give  out  the  representative  horse  of  each  nation.  I 
therefore  give  PERSIMMON  as  the  representative  stallion  of  England,  not  that  I  deem 
him  so  good  a  sire  as  St.  Simon  or  Stockwell,  but  because  he  is  the  first  stallion  in 
English  history  to  head  the  list  of  winning  sires  at  nine  years  of  age,  as  against 
eleven  for  Stockwell  and  twelve  for  Hermit.  As  the  sire  of  the  great  filly  Sceptre 
and  that  great  cup  horse,  Zinfandel,  Persimmon  will  always  occupy  a  prominent  place 
in  English  stud  history. 

LEXINGTON  is  given  the  place,  par  excellence,  of  all  native  American  sires,  having 
gotten  more  horses  of  absolute  stake  form  in  the  same  number  of  foals  than  any  other 
horse  in  American  history.  He  headed  the  list  of  winning  sires  for  eleven  seasons  (six 
years  after  his  death,  be  it  remembered),  while  no  other  horse  ever  was  at  the  top 
for  seven  years.  His  sons  did  not  do  well  in  the  stud  but  his  daughters  built  up  repu- 
tation for  at  least  ten  of  the  best  sires  between  1870  and  the  present  writing.  In  this 
respect  the  sightless  hero  of  Woodburn  is  the  nearest  approach  to  Sir  Peter  (foaled 
1784),  of  any  horse,  since  the  dawn  of  the  nineteenth  century. 

FLYING  Fox  is  given  as  the  representative  horse  of  France,  although  foaled  in 
England  and  never  having  raced  in  his  adopted  country.  This  is  because  he  is  the 
only  sire  credited  with  a  winner  of  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  in  his  eighth  year.  It  is 
worthy  of  note  that,  though  several  highly  approved  mares  were  sent  across  the 
channel  to  him,  most  of  his  best  winners  are  from  what  might  be  properly  called 
French-bred  mares.  Mons.  Edmond  Blanc  made  no  mistake  when  he  paid  the  enor- 
mous price  of  $80,000  for  Flying  Fox. 

MERMAN  is  given  as  the  representative  horse  of  Australia,  for  three  reasons : 
First,  because  no  portrait  of  Yattendon  was  ever  taken ;  second,  because  no  picture  of 
the  Grand  Flaneur  was  ever  painted  that  could  be  called  a  good  picture  of  the  horse ; 
and  third,  because  Merman  is,  so  far  as  turf  performances  in  England  are  concerned, 
a  representative  horse  in  the  strictest  sense  of  the  term.  He  is  the  only  Colonial-bred 
horse  to  win  the  Ascot  Gold  Cup ;  and  the  third  horse  in  the  long  space  of  eighty  years 
to  walk  over  for  a  Goodwood  Cup,  the  other  two  being  Stumps  in  1826  and  The  Bard 
in  1886.  Few  horses  retire  to  the  stud  with  such  a  garland  of  laurels  as  have  en- 
circled the  beautiful  neck  of  the  deservedly  great  Merman. 


PART  I. 

THE  ORIGIN  OF  THE  THOROUGHBRED 


1  Who  thundering  comes  on  blackest  'steed 
With  iron  heel  and  hoof  of  speed? 
The  ocean  s  rocky  caves  resound 
With  stride  for  stride  and  bound  for  bound. 
'The  foam  that  streaks  the  courser's  side 
Seems  gathered  from  the  ocean  tide" 

— BYRON. 


Origin  of  the  Thoroughbred 


I  have  been  frequently  asked  ''What  is  a  thoroughbred  horse?"  and  "Wherein 
does  he  differ  from  other  horses?"  Of  course,  such  a  question  could  only  emanate 
from  a  person  ignorant  of  the  use  of  the  word  "thoroughbred,"  as  a  generic  term. 

My  answer  to  this  query  is  that  the  thoroughbred  horse  is  of  Oriental  extraction 
and  an  animal  developed  through  centuries  of  cultivation  by  enlightened  nations.  You 
go  out  upon  the  hillsides  in  June  and  pick  the  wild  strawberries,  than  which  nothing 
could  be  of  richer  taste  or  more  delicate  flavor,  but  the  fruit  seldom  has  exceeded  one- 
quarter  of  an  inch  in  diameter,  while  under  careful  cultivation  it  often  attains  four 
"times  that  size.  The  Thoroughbred  horse  is  the  result  of  a  similar  degree  of  industry 
on  the  part  of  mankind.  Good  food,  careful  housing  from  stress  of  weather  and  ample 
care  of  mares  during  their  period  of  gestation,  have  made  the  thoroughbred  horse  what 
he  is  today,  while  his  Oriental  prototype  in  Asia  and  Northern  Africa  is  just  what 
he  was,  so  far  as  concerns  size,  power  and  liberty  of  action,  five  centuries  ago.  The 
stride  of  the  average  Arabian  or  Barbary  horse  is  about  seventeen  feet,  at  the  very  apex 
of  his  speed,  while  almost  any  American  or  English  thoroughbred  will  cover  from 
twenty-one  to  twenty-three  feet  when  fully  extended.  The  famous  Alabama  mare, 
Peytona,  so  called  from  having  won  the  $44,000  Peyton  Stake  at  Nashville  in  1843,  ran 
on  twenty-eight  feet,  but  the  effort  was  so  great  that  she  could  not  be  relied  upon  to 
run  more  than  two  good  races  in  any  one  year. 

The  first  instance  given  us  in  history  of  any  attempt  to  improve  the  breed  of 
horses  in  England,  which  is  just  as  much  the  cradle  of  the  thoroughbred  horse  now  as 
ever  it  was,  was  in  the  ninth  century  when  Hugh  Capet,  King  of  France,  sought  the 
hand  of  the  English  princess,  Ethelwilda,  in  marriage  and  sent  some  horses,  bred  in 
France  from  sires  of  Oriental  nativity,  as  a  present  to  her  brother,  Athelstane,  then 
King  of  Great  Britain.  Later,  during  the  reign  of  William  the  Conqueror,  we  find 
that  Talbot,  Earl  of  Shrewsbury,  sent  to  Spain  for  stallions  to  breed-  cavalry  horses  on 
his  estates  at  Powisland.  It  is  almost  certain  that  these  Shrewsbury  horses  were  bred 
from  the  "Barbs"  introduced  into  Spain  by  the  Moors,  in  the  days  of  the  "Cid  Cam- 
peador."  In  the  reign  of  the  first  Richard  matches  were  run  for  large  sums  of  money 
but  there  seems  to  have  been  a  hiatus  between  that  period  and  the  reign  of  Edward  III 
who,  in  1326,  received  a  present  of  two  fleet  coursers  from  the  King  of  Navarre  and 
bestowed  some  valuable  gifts  upon  the  messenger  who  brought  them.  It  was  not  until 
1509  that  King  Henry  VIII  (who  was  a  victim  to  the  matrimonial  habit)  conceived  the 
idea  of  establishing  a  Royal  Stud  at  Bushey  Park  near  where  Cardinal  Wolsey  held 
forth  in  the  zenith  of  his  power.  It  is  quite  probable  that  the  interregnum  in  the 
breeding  of  fine  horses  in  England  was  caused  by  the  "War  of  Roses"  between  the 
rival  horses  of  York  and  Lancaster ;  and  that  the  revival  of  breeding  of  high-class 
horses  had  its  inception  with  the  receipt  of  some  mares  by  "Bluff  Hal"  from  the  Duke 
of  Mantua. 


16  The  American   thoroughbred 

It  was  not  to  be  wondered  at  that  King  Henry's  daughter,  the  "Virgin  Queen" 
(who  was  a  virgin  if  she  did  pull  up  her  skirts  to  the  French  envoy,  Bassompiere,  and 
slap  her  thigh  for  his  amusement)  gave  all  possible  encouragement  to  racing,  for,  while 
she  had  no  horses  trained  or  raced  in  her  own  name,  she  had  additional  breeding  farms 
at  Richmond,  St.  Albans,  Windsor,  Greenwich  and  Waltham ;  and  the  sales  of  horses 
produced  at  those  farms  proved  an  important  addition  to  the  royal  revenues.  At  her 
death  and  the  succession  of  King  James  1  to  the  throne,  came  the  first  royal  endorse- 
ment of  racing  which  caused  it  to  be  called  the  "Sport  of  Kings."  It  was  said  that 
several  fine  Moorish  bred  stallions  had  swam  ashore  from  the  wreck  of  the  "In- 
vincible Armada"  and  landed  on  the  coast  of  Scotland,  from  which  had  been  bred  some 
rapid  horses;  and  there  it  was  that  the  young  monarch,  during  his  nonage,  had  acquired 
his  love  of  racing  as  well  as  his  superb  seat,  in  the  saddle.  The  fact  that  James  "pulied 
up  stakes"  at  the  London  palaces  and  removed  his  court  to  Newmarket  during  the 
summer  months,  is  the  best  proof  that  he  was  very  fond  of  the  big  game.  (See  the 
"History  of  Newmarket,"  written  in  the  most  graceful  style  by  the  late  Mr.  J.  P.  Hore.) 

What  impresses  me  most  curiously  (although  it  may  not  others)  is  that  the  young 
successor  to  Elizabeth  should  have  taken  such  an  interest  in  racing ;  and  that  no  pre- 
pared chronicles  of  performances  on  the  turf  should  have  been  handed  down  from  that 
era  to  our  own.  Although  but  few  names  have  been  preserved  and  those  only  in  an  in- 
cidental fashion,  yet  a  few  have  survived  the  wreck  of  Time,  for  Mr.  Gervase  Markham 
mentions  a  horse  called  Grey  Valentine  who  was  never  beaten,  according  to  his  say-so. 
Hence  the  bestowal  of  first  honors  in  that  direction  to  Childers  and  O'Kelly's  Eclipse 
seems  to  have  been  a  popular  error.  In  Markham's  chronicles,  he  mentions  Pepper- 
mint, Franklin  and  Whitefoot  as  performers  of  great  distinction,  while  Grey  Dellaval, 
owned  by  the  Earl  of  Northumberland,  comes  in  for  a  still  wider  meed  of  praise. 
These  are  the  first  English  turf  horses,  therefore,  to  receive  any  individual  mention. 
Mr.  Markham  then  goes  on  to  quote  from  the  Treasury  records  of  King  James'  reign 
which  show  that  "there  were  four  boys  annually  apprenticed,  on  small  stipends,  to  the 
King's  jockeys  and  the  Master  of  the  Horse  was  held  responsible  for  their  good  con- 
duct." No  mention,  however,  is  made  of  any  horse  owned  by  the  nobles  of  King 
James  court,  although  it  is  well  known  that  the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  to  whom  Eng- 
land was  indebted  for  the  importation  of  the  Helmsley  Turk,  was  the  King's  favorite 
and  one  of  the  chief  moving  spirits  at  Newmarket.  Many  Eastern  horses  were  im- 
ported during  the  reign  of  James  I,  but  the  only  one  accorded  any  special  mention  is 
the  Markham  Arabian  for  which  the  King  paid  the  big  price  of  £500,  according  to  the 
Duke  of  Newcastle,  but  the  royal  records  of  expenditure  place  the  sum  at  about  one- 
third  of  that  amount.  For  all  the  good  he  ever  did  the  British  Stud,. this  horse  might 
as  well  have  remained  in  Syria.  At  this  time  there  were  race-meetings  held  all  over 
England,  especially  at  Doncaster,  Salisbury  and  Chester,  where  the  Roodee  was  built 
for  similar  purposes  by  the  Romans. 

Charles  the  First  succeeded  James  and  it  was  during  his  reign  that  the  first  really 
valuable  importation  of  Oriental  blood  took  place.  This  was  a  horse  first  called  the 
Buckingham  Turk,  but  was  sold  by  his  noble  owner  to  a  Mr.  Helmsley,  whence  he 
got  the  name  of  "The  Helmsley  Turk."  As  to  whether  he  ever  raced  or  not,  history 
is  silent,  but  as  the  sire  of  Bustler,  Vixen  and  "Hutton's  Royal  Colt"  (whose  dam 
was  a  Sedbury  Royal  mare)  he  certainly  placed  himself  on  record.  In  Mr.  Haggin's 
catalogues  of  1904,  containing  the  dams  of  323  yearlings,  I  find  no  less  than  19  tracing 
to  a  mare  by  Bustler,  son  of  this  selfsame  Helmsley  Turk.  The  English  Stud  Book, 
however,  yields  no  information  concerning  Bustler  other  than  that  he  was  by  Helmsley 
Turk,  yet  his  blood  comes  down  to  the  present  day  through  Blunderbuss,  Bolton 
Starling,  Old  Merlin,  Bolton  Sweepstakes  and  the  "Blacklegs  mare/'  which  was  the 
dam  of  Marske,  sire  of  the  unbeaten  Eclipse,  while  from  Vixen,  also  by  the  Helmsley 
Turk,  are  derived  many  of  our  best  horses.  Vixen's  dam  was  an  imported  mare — the 


'The  Origin   of  the  Thoroughbred  // 

dam  of  Dodsworth  also,  but  she  must  have  produced  more  than  these  two  for  she  was 
twenty  years  old  when  she  dropped  Vixen.  This  Barb  mare  was  one  of  the  mares 
in  the  Royal  stud  formed  by  Charles  II,  on  whose  death  she  was  sold  to  Mr.  Coke,  who 
bred  Vixen  from  her. 

When  the  war  had  subsided,  several  valuable  importations  were  made,  about  the 
best  of  which  was  a  white  stallion  imported  by  Mr.  Place,  who  was  stud  master  to 
Oliver  Cromwell ;  and  there  is  hardly  an  English  horse  of  note  that  does  not  show 
from  one  to  four  crosses  of  this  horse,  known  as  "Place's  White  Turk."  He  got  Com- 
moner and  Hautboy,  both  great  performers  in  their  day.  It  is  a  good  strain  of  blood 
and  is  specially  conspicuous  in  the  pedigrees  of  Matchem  and  Woodpecker,  as  well  as 
in  the  dam  of  Snap ;  and  is  also  to  be  found  in  Lady  Thigh  and  "the  Widdington  mare," 
both  as  conspicuous  in  their  day  as  are  Pocahontas  and  Ellen  Home  in  our  own.  His 
daughters  were  greater,  however,  as  grand  dams  and  great-grand  dams  than  in  the  first 
generation,  one  of  these  being  the  grand  dam  of  Grey  Ramsden,  Cartouch  and  Wynd- 
h'am.  They  were  also  the  ancestors  of  Whitefoot  by  Bay  Bolton ;  Torismond  by  Star- 
ling, Alcides  by  Babraham ;  and  Sweepstakes  by  The  Gower  Stallion.  The  Brimmer 
mare,  whose  dam  was  by  Place's  White  Turk,  was  the  dam  of  the  noted  Makeless,  the 
grand  dam  being  by  Dodsworth  (sire  of  Dicky  Pierson)  out  of  the  Layton  Barb  mare, 
founder  of  the  No.  4  family  in  Bruce  Lowe's  system,  to  which  trace  Iroquois,  Belvidere, 
Kentucky  and  Sir  Dixon  in  America ;  and  Alice  Hawthorn,  Thormanby,  Kisber,  Wen- 
lock  and  Apology  in  England. 

The  Royal  mares  purchased  abroad  by  Sir  John  Fenwick,  Master  of  the  Horse  to 
Charles  II,  at  the  King's  personal  expense,  produced  many  good  horses  but  the  natural 
Barb  mare  which  produced  Dodsworth  must  have  been  clearly  the  best,  for  she  gave 
birth  to  him  shortly  after  her  arrival  and  he  therefore,  not  withstanding  he  was  foaled 
in  England,  was  manifestly  an  Oriental  horse.  If  Dodsworth  had  never  gotten  any- 
thing but  Dicky  Pierson,  that  alone  should  have  made  him  famous,  for  it  was  to  the 
union  of  Dicky  Pierson  with  the  "Burton  Barb  mare,"  founder  of  the  No.  2  family 
in  Bruce  Lowe's  system,  that  we  owe  such  equine  wonders  as  Harkaway,  Voltigeur, 
Martyrdom,  Lord  Clifden  and  last,  but  far  from  least,  the  Australian  phenomenon 
Carbine,  who  won  the  Melbourne  Cup  with  145  Ibs.,  two  miles  in  3  :2&%.  But  beyond 
Dodsworth's  dam  there  is  but  little  account  of  these  Royal  Mares.  Lord  D'Arcy,  about 
that  time,  imported  two  Turkish  stallions,  called  the  D'A*cy  Turk  and  D'Arcy's  Yel- 
low Turk.  The  former  was  located  at  Sedbury,  whence  he  is  often  called  the  Sedbury 
Turk ;  and  it  is  to  a  union  of  this  horse  with  one  of  the  Royal  mares  at  that  place 
that  we  owe  the  origin  of  the  No.  n  family  of  which  St.  Simon  (premier  sire  of  Eng- 
land for  nine  seasons)  is  the  most  prominent  exemplar.  The  Yellow  Turk,  imported 
at  the  same  time,  was  also  a  success  in  the  stud,  being  the  sire  of  the  famous  Brimmer, 
while  from  Lord  Fairfax's  Morocco  Barb  mare  he  got  the  equally  celebrated  Spanker. 
The  student  of  pedigrees  of  noted  horses  foaled  prior  to  1750,  will  find  these  two 
Turks  very  frequently. 

During  the  reign  of  Charles  II  there  were  also  two  valuable  importations,  the 
Thoulouse  Barb  and  the  Curwen  Bay  Barb.  These  horses  were  brought  over  from 
France  by  a  Mr.  Curwen,  of  Cumberland,  as  a  present  to  King  Charles  from  "Le 
Grand  Monarque,"  who  thought  more  of  his  mistresses  than  anything  else.  They 
had  been  presented  to  him  by  Muley  Ismail,  King  of  Morocco ;  and  had  been  brought 
from  Barbary  in  one  of  the  King's  war  vessels,  commanded  by  Admiral  le  Comte  de 
Tholouse,  who  was  one  of  His  Majesty's  "catch  colts,"  as  they  say  in  Oregon.  Another 
of  the  King's  illegitimate  offspring,  the  Comte  de  Byram,  was  Master  of  the  Horse 
to  the  King  at  that  very  time.  The  Curwen  Barb  was  just  thirteen  hands  high,  but  all 
his  progeny  were  larger,  probably  owing  to  such  care  as  he  never  received  himself  when 
a  foal.  The  best  of  his  get  was  Mixbury,  who  became  a  great  race  horse  but  a  very 
poor  sire.  His  full  sisters,  however,  were  great  matrons,  one  of  them  being  the  dam 


i8  'The  American  Thoroughbred 

of  Little  Scar,  Partner,  Soreheels  and  the  dam  of  Crab ;  while  the  other  sister  pro- 
duced Silver  Eye,  Hazard  and  Quiet.  But  it  was  in  1711  that  the  Curwen  Bay  Barb 
most  distinguished  himself  by  begetting  Brockelsby  Betty  from  Mr.  Leedes'  Hobby 
mare  by  The  Lister  Turk,  also  called  The  Stradling.  To  this  Brocklesby  Betty  trace, 
in  female  tail  line  such  great  performers  as  Songstress  and  Cyprian,  winners  of  the 
Epsom  Oaks ;  Starke  and  Prioress,  bred  in  America  but  great  winners  in  England  over 
forty  years  ago ;  and  last  but  not  least,  Domino  and  Hamburg,  of  our  own  day. 

It  was  during  the  reign  of  James  II  that  the  Duke  of  Berwick,  at  the  siege  of 
Buda,  in  Hungary  in  1686,  captured  the  horse  now  known  as  "The  Lister  Turk,"  the 
Duke  having  sold  him  to  Mr.  Lister,  of  Lincolnshire,  who  bred  many  great  ones  from 
him.  He  became  the  sire  of  Coneyskins,  Snake,  Piping  Peg  and  the  Duke  of  Kingston's 
Brisk.  Through  Snake  and  Coneyskins  this  Lister  Turk  had  become  one  of  the  leading 
Eastern  factors  in  the  British  Stud ;  and  "which  I  wish  to  remark,''  as  the  late  Bret 
Harte  would  have  put  it,  that  while  we  claim  English  Eclipse  (foaled  1764)  as  the  chief 
and  only  surviving  exponent  of  the  Darley  Arabian's  male  line,  an  examination  of  his 
pedigree  will  show  that  Eclipse  had  but  one  cross  of  the  Darley  Arabian,  as  against 
two  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian,  five  of  the  Lister  Turk  and  nine  of  Place's  White  Turk. 
"Now  will  you  be  good  ?" 

In  the  reign  of  William  and  Mary,  during  the  war  in  Ireland  where  the  "Battle  of 
the  Boyne  was  fought,  not  far  from  the  present  site  of  Drogheda,  Capt.  Byerly  rode 
an  imported  Turkish  horse,  to  whom  he  was  indebted  for  the  fact  that  he  was  not  capt- 
ured by  the  irate  Paudheens.  After  "this  cruel  war  was  over"  this  horse  was  taken 
to  England,  where  he  became  one  of  the  pillars  of  the  stud.  His  best  sons  on  the  turf 
were  Spite,  .Block  Hearty  and  Basto,  sire  of  the  great  Soreheels.  None  of  thes«  were 
great  sires,  but  his  son  Jigg  got  Partner,  foaled  1718.  Partner  got  Tartar,  who  was 
mated  with  Cypron  by  Blaze  and  produced  Herod,  the  greatest  horse  of  his  day, 
foaled  six  years  before  Eclipse.  Herod  got  Highflyer,  Woodpecker,  Anvil,  Phenomenon 
(imported  to  America)  and  a  host  of  other  heroes.  His  get  were  nineteen  years  on  the 
turf  during  which  they  won  £201,505  in  money  (with  racing  prizes  worth  about  one- 
eighth  of  their  present  value)  besides  nine  gold  cups  and  forty-three  hogsheads  of 
claret. 

During  the  reign  of  William  and  Mary  were  imported  into  England  the  noted  Barb 
horses  Chillaby  and  Slugey,  sometimes  called  Sloughby,  a  mare  claimed  by  the  Morocco 
people  to  be  desired  as  a  mate  for  Chiliaby,  to  whom  she  produced  Greyhound,  a  noted 
stallion  of  that  day  and  sire  of  the  Duke  of  Wharton's  Othello.  About  the  same  time 
were  imported  the  Selaby  Turk,  sire  of  the  Coppin  mare,  to  which  trace  Emilius  in 
England  and  St.  Charles,  St.  Carlo  and  all  the  descendants  of  imported  Camilla  in 
America.  The  Akaster  Turk  and  the  Harper  Arabian  were  also  imported  about  this 
time.  The  Akaster  Turk  was  the  sire  of  Chanter  and  Sister  to  Chanter,  that  mare 
being  the  dam  of  Lord  Godolphin's  gray  mare  Roxana,  the  dam  of  Lath  and  Cade  by 
the  Godolphin  Arabian.  Lath  was  the  best  performer  and  Cade  the  best  sire,  his  line 
being  still  in  existence,  through  Matchem,  Conductor,  Trumpator,  Sorcerer,  Comus, 
Humphrey  Clinker  and  Melbourne,  it  being  through  the  latter  only  that  the  line  now 
exists. 

The  Honeywood  Arabian  was  another  importation  during  this  reign.  He  came 
over  to  England  as  the  property  of  Sir  John  Williams,  for  which  reason  he  is  often 
known  as  the  "Williams  Turk,"  but  he  was  not  a  Turk  at  all.  Mr.  Honeywood  put  his 
Byerly  Turk  mare  to  him  and  the  result  of  that  union  was  True  Blue,  who  proved  so 
good  a  turf  horse  that  Mr.  Honeywood  decided  to  purchase  his  sire,  in  consequence  of 
which  the  horse  was  forever  afterward  known  as  the  "Honeywood  Arabian."  True 
Blue  beat  Chanter  and  six  others  for  the  King's  Plate  at  York  in  1716,  besides  winning 
several  other  valuable  prizes.  As  the  result  of  this,  the  Byerly  Turk  mare  was  again 
mated  with  the  Honeywood  Arabian  and  that  foal  was  called  Young  True  Blue.  While 


"The  Origin  of  the  'Thoroughbred  iq 

there  have  been  other  successful  turf  families,  there  is  no  sire  family  anywhere  near 
this  No.  3  in  the  Bruce  Lowe  system,  to  which  trace  the  following  great  sires  of  history: 

Stockwell  t  St.  Patrick  t  Van    Tromp  tG  i  M  L-ORTED   TO   CALIFOR- 

Rataplan  QD  Post  Restante  Rayon  d'Or  tj                               NIA. 

King  Tom  Kettledrum*  Eothen                        .   Conveth 

Flying  Dutchman  *t    Flatcatcher  Slight  of  Hand  True  Briton 

LanercostA  Elthiron  CS  Toxophilite  GM  Abercorn    (Aust.) 

Tramp  D  Hobbie  Noble  W          Sir  Peter  *  Vanderdecken  (Aust) 

Isinglass  *t  Pyrrhus  I*  Eclipse  Maribyrnong  (Aust.) 

MnsketAlex  Gen.  Peel  t  Nuneham  Ferryman    (Aust.) 

Berserken  Velocipede  Quicklime  CS  Kingof  Anglers  (Aust) 

Mast.   Kildare  CS       Galopin  *  Talk'of  theliill(Aust) 

Of  the  31  stallions  named  above,  u  got  winners  of  the  Derby;  10  got  winners 
of  the  St.  Leger,  and  got  10  winners  of  the  Oaks,  the  hardest  race  on  earth  for  a 
three-year-old  filly ;  5  got  winners  of  the  2000  guineas,  and  9  got  winners  of  the  .cooo 
guineas.  The  two  greatest  sires  from  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues  are  Sir  Peter, 
foaled  in  1784,  and  Derby  winner  in  1787;  and  Stockwell,  foaled  in  1849,  and  winner 
of  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas  and  St.  Leger  of  1852.  The  reader  is  referred  to  "The 
Great  Table,"  to  be  found  in  the  latter  part  of  this  book,  for  further  particulars  as 
to  what  these  great  sires  achieved  in  the  stud.  There  is  no  mark  placed  after  Eothen, 
imported  into  America  by  the  late  David  D.  Withers,  but  the  interesting  fact  remains 
that  he  is,  up  to  date,  the  only  stallion,  whether  native  or  imported,  to  get  two  winners 
of  the  Realization  Stakes  at  Coney  Island,  which  is  in  nine  years  out  of  ten,  the  severest 
three-year-old  race  in  all  America.  As  for  Abercorn,  he  was  certainly  the  best  race 
horse  ever  foaled  in  Australia  and  the  handsomest  big  horse  I  ever  saw. 

Queen  Anne  succeeded  to  the  throne  of  England  in  1702  and  to  her,  more  than 
any  other  sovereign  of  that  kingdom,  the  racing  world  is  indebted  for  the  presence 
of  the  thoroughbred  horse  of  today.  Shortly  after  her  accession  to  the  throne,  a  Mr. 
William  Darley,  living  near  New  York,  received  a  present  of  an  Arabian  stallion  from 
his  brother  living  abroad,  the  horse  being  a  bay  with  a  star  and  snip  and  four  white 
feet.  (It  was  owing  to  his  resemblance  to  a  portrait  of  this  famous  horse  that  Dr. 
Elisha  Warfield,  of  Lexington,  Ky.,  gave  the  name  of  "Darley"  to  his  bay  colt,  foaled 
in  1850,  by  Boston  out  of  Alice  Carneal  by  imp.  Sarpedon  but,  after  the  colt  had  won 
all  his  stakes,  he  yielded  to  the  persuasion  of  his  friends  and  re-christened  him  "Lex- 
ington." And  as  such  he  goes  down  to  history,  the  only  stallion  in  the  world  to  head 
the  list  of  Winning  Sires  for  eleven  years ;  and  as  the  greatest  sire  of  broodmares 
the  world  has  ever  known,  being  just  as  far  ahead  of  Pantaloon,  St.  Albans,  Mel- 
bourne, Orlando,  Stockwell,  King  Tom  and  Hermit,  as  one  horse  can  be  ahead  of 
another.  It  is  to  be  generally  regretted  that  none  of  his  sons  were  able  to  perpetuate 
his  fame ;  and  I  confidently  expect,  from  all  present  indications,  that  his  male  line, 
like  that  of  Catton  and  Emilius,  in  the  earlier  part  of  the  last  century,  will  be  wholly 
extinct  by  1950. 

The  Darley  Arabian  is,  of  course,  the  male  line  ancestor  of  Eclipse,  whose  descend- 
ants have  won  two  Derbys  and  almost  three  St.  Legers  to  any  other  family's  one. 
No  Herod  line  colt  has  won  the  Derby  since  1879;  nor  has  any  of  this  line  won  a  St. 
Leger  since  Ossian  carried  it  off  in  1883.  Sir  Visto,  by  Barcaldine,  was  the  las>t 
Matchem  line  horse  to  win  either  a  Derby  or  a  St.  Leger,  he  absorbing  both  those 
races  in  1895,  but,  judging  from  his  subsequent  performances,  he  was  a  very  ordinary 

*  Won  the  Derby;  t  won  the  St.  Ledger;  A  won  the  Ascot  Cup;  D  won  the  Doncaster;  G  won 
the  Goodwood;  Q  won  the  Queen's  Vase  at  Ascot;  CS  won  the  City  and  Suburban;  J  won  the 
Jockey  Club  Cup;  N  won  the  New  Stakes,  Ascot;  GM  won  the  Grand  Duke  Michael  Stakes;  Alex 
won  the  Alexandra  Plate,  3  miles. 


2O  T'he  American  "Thoroughbred 

horse  and  fit  to  go  into  a  class  with  Sir  Bevys,  Amato,  Merry  Hampton  and  Phos- 
phorus. All  the  rest  have  been  a  case  of  "Eclipse  first  and  the  rest  nowhere."  Yet 
the  man  who  reviews  the  pedigree  of  Eclipse  and  that  of  his  most  distinguished  great- 
grandsons,  Whalebone,  Whisker  and  Woful  (full  brothers)  will  find  that  the  Godolphin 
Arabian  is  nearly  four  times  as  prominent  a  factor  in  those  three  great  brothers  as 
was  the  Darley  Arabian ;  and  the  same  is  true,  but  in  a  much  smaller  degree,  of 
Eclipse  himself.  My  own  idea  of  the  three  great  cardinal  lines  has  always  been,  Eclipse 
for  speed,  Herod  for  quality  and  Matchem  for  substance. 

In  1715  Mr.  Childers  had  a  favorite  mare  called  Betty  Leedes,  by  Careless,  which 
he  mated  with  the  Darley  Arabian,  the  produce  being  the  horse  called  Flying  Childers 
or  sometimes  "Devonshire  Childers."  This  was  by  long  odds  the  fastest  horse  seen  on 
the  British  turf  up  to  that  time.  In  the  following  year  she  was  mated  with  him 
again  and  produced  "Bartlett's  Childers,"  which  was  never  trained,  but  proved  to  be 
the  best  sire  of  any  of  his  get.  Bartlett's  Childers  got  Squirt  (foaled  1732)  from  a  sister 
to  Old  Country  Wench  by  Snake.  Squirt  got  Marske  (foaled  1750)  from  a  daughter  of 
Blacklegs  (foaled  1725)  and  Marske  got  Eclipse  (foaled  1764)  from  Spiletta  (1749) 
by  Regulus  (1739)  he  by  the  Godolphin  Arabian.  Eclipse's  tabulation  will  be  found 
complete  in  the  chapter  headed  the  "Three  Cardinal  Lines." 

Nearly  contemporaneous  with  the  importation  of  the  Darley  Arabian,  was  that 
of  the  horse  known  as  the  Leedes  Arabian,  purchased  from  his  importer  by  Mr.  Leedes, 
of  North  Milford  in  Yorkshire,  who  was  the  breeder  of  Tartar,  Careless  and  other 
good  ones.  This  horse  got  many  good  ones  but  the  best  were  Dyers'  Dimple  and 
Leedes,  the  latter's  dam  being  by  Spanker  and  of  a  Morocco  Barb  mare,  she  being  also 
the  dam  of  Charming  Jenny,  who  produced  Betty  Leedes,  she  being  the  dam  of  Flying 
Childers  and  Bartlett's  Childers.  Queen  Anne  had  an  enormous  breeding  establish- 
ment at  Hampton  Court  and  was  herself  a  great  patron  of  racing  but  no  official  racing 
record  was  published  in  those  days.  In  1714,  a  great  racing  meeting  was  being  held 
at  the  Rawcliffe  Ings,  on  the  bank  of  the  river  Ouse,  near  York;  and  Orton,  in  his 
chronicles  of  that  day,  states  that  one  hundred  and  fifty-six  carriages  were  on  the 
ground,  filled  largely  with  representatives  of  the  nobility.  There  were  two  races  run 
that  day,  both  at  four-mile  heats,  one  a  plate  of  £40  for  aged  horses,  won  by  Her 
Majesty's  b.  h.  Star,  he  taking  the  third  and  fourth  heats  from  Hon.  Mr.  Cecil's  ch.  h. 
Creeper,  who  won  the  second,  and  the  Lord  Chamberlain's  Merlin,  who  won  the  first. 
The  other  race  was  also  run  in  four  heats  and  was  for  a  gold  cup  of  £  100  value,  the 
gift  of  Her  Majesty.  It  was  won  by  Mr.  Childers'  bay  mare  Duchess,  ridden  by  R. 
Hesseltine,  she  taking  the  first  and  fourth  heats.  Mr.  Pierson's  bay  horse  Foxhunter 
won  the  second,  and  the  third  heat  was  decided,  on  account  of  some  bad  riding,  to  have 
been  "no  heat"  and  the  horses  were  ordered  to  run  again.  The  races  were  barely  con- 
cluded when  a  messenger  arrived  at  the  course  with  the  unwelcome  news  that  Her 
Majesty  was  dead;  and  that  the  privy  council  had  declared  Prince  George,  of  Hanover, 
as  the  nearest  rightful  heir  to  the  vacant  throne  and  had  proclaimed  him  King  of 
England  under  the  title  of  George  I. 

Queen  Anne  did  more  towards  fostering  the  breeding  interests  of  England  than 
all  other  British  sovereigns  combined,  as  during  her  reign,  were  imported  twenty-four 
Oriental  horses,  consisting  of  nine  Arabians-,  eight  Barbs,  six  Turks  and  one  Persian 
horse.  The  total  number  of  importations,  since  the  beginning  was  ninety  Arabians, 
forty-six  Barbs,  thirty-two  Turks,  four  Persians  and  two  "foreign  horses''  whose 
origin  could  not  be  well  authenticated,  one  being  owned  by  Sir  Thomas  Gascoigne  and 
the  other  by  Sir  W.  Goring,  and  are  always  alluded  to  as  such,  in  pedigrees  wherein 
they  may  occur.  In  all,  up  to  the  accession  of  George  I,  the  first  of  the  Hanoverian 
dynasty  that  ended  with  Victoria,  the  only  bright  spot  in  the  Hanoverian  reign,  there 
had  been  brought  into  England  a  total  of  174  importations,  of  which  the  Arabians 
comprised  over  50  per  cent.  Of  these  174  horses,  so  imported,  the  male  lines  of  only 


'The  Origin  of  the  Thoroughbred  21 

three  are  now  in  existence — those  of  the  Darley  Arabian,  Byerly  Turk  and  Godolphin 
Arabian,  claimed  by  many  to  have  been  a  Barb,  but  I  was  never  a  believer  in  that 
theory.  I  have  not  given  a  complete  list  of  these  Oriental  stallions  as  I  consider  them 
to  have  been  sufficiently  exploited  in  the  works  of  Mr.  Joseph  Osborne  (Beacon)  and 
Col.  Sanders  D.  Bruce,  the  latter  having  enlarged  upon  them  more  fully  than  did  Mr. 
Osborne ;  and  to  such  readers  as  may  desire  their  amplification  I  refer  their  works. 
My  book  is  to  be  more  modern,  if  it  can  possibly  be  made  so,  and  I  have  no  time  to 
thresh  over  old  straw.  The  reader  of  today  is  desirous  of  becoming  more  familiar 
with  the  horses  of  today  and  few  men  are  constituted  mentally  to  become  devout  stu- 
dents of  ancient  history. 

This  becomes  more  evident  as  you  converse  with  the  younger  classes  of  race-goers, 
many  of  whom  can  tell  you,  to  a  fraction  of  a  second,  how  fast  Highball  covered 
Washington  Park  in  the  American  Derby ;  or  whether  the  track  was  fast  under  foot 
or  muddy  when  Gold  Heels  won  the  Suburban,  or  when  Irish  Lad  lugged  .off  the 
Brooklyn  Handicap.  They  can  give  you  the  names  of  the  three  placed  horses  in  all 
the  more  important  annual  American  events,  together  with  the  weights  carried,  and 
the  sire  and  dam  of  each  winner.  But  the  grandsires  and  granddams,  as  well  as  the 
cardinal  lines  to  which  they  owe  their  origin,  are  "All  Greek"  to  them.  The  reader 
can  therefore  judge  for  himself  why  I  have  not  expanded  upon  the  Oriental  importa- 
tions of  stallions  into  England  up  to  the  coronation  of  the  first  of  the  Hanoverian 
Kings.  The  present  generation  cares  but  little  for  the  history  of  honored  antiques,  es- 
pecially for  horses  like  Catton,  Muley  and  Emilius  (great  ones  in  their  respective  eras, 
to  be  sure),  whose  male  lines  have  become  wholly  extinct.  Emilius  was  the  greatest 
sire  of  England  from  1832  to  1848,  but  his  last  male  line  descendant  died  in  Eastern 
Oregon  a  year  or  two  ago.  His  name  was  Villard  and  he  was  by  Lodi  out  of  Rosa 
Mansfield  by  Rivoli,  son  of  Revenue.  The  fact  that  the  lines  of  the  Darley  Arabian, 
the  Byerly  Turk  and  the  Godolphin  have  survived  all  others  is  the  best  proof  of  their 
fitness.  The  more  modern  exponents  of  these  great  Oriental  sires,  are  Eclipse, 
foaled  1764,  as  the  examplar  of  the  Darley  Arabian;  Herod,  foaled  in  1758,  of  the 
Byerly  Turk;  and  Matchem,  foaled  1748,  of  the  Godolphin.  It  is  easily  seen  why  the 
two  first  named  should  have  outbred  the  last,  for  Matchem  was  sixteen  years  older 
than  Eclipse,  for  which  reason  he  could  have  covered  but  few  daughters  of  Herod  and 
none  at  all  of  Eclipse.  The  modern  horse  showed  a  superiority  for  Herod's  line  in 
the  two  first  generations  for,  as  much  scientific  breeding  as  we  have  since  done,  Sir 
Peter,  foaled  in  1784,  is  the  only  stallion  in  history  to  get  four  winners  each  of  the 
Derby  and  St.  Leger,  and  two  of  the  Oaks.  Waxy,  an  Eclipse  horse,  foaled  in  1790,  is 
the  only  other  stallion  in  history  to  get  four  Derby  winners  and  he  never  got  one  of 
the  St.  Leger.  After  1810  the  Eclipse  blood  began  to  assert  its  superiority  and  it  has 
been  in  the  stud  as  on  the  turf,  "Eclipse  first  and  the  rest  nowhere."  No  Herod  horse 
has  won  a  Derby  since  1879,  nor  a  St.  Leger  since  1883. 

The  Godolphin  Arabian,  the  most  noted  of  all  the  Eastern  sires  in  his  own  day 
and  generation,  was  a  dark  bay  horse,  almost  brown,  and  believed  (from  his  teeth) 
to  have  been  foaled  in  1724.  It  is  said  that  he  was  rescued  by  a  benevolent  Quaker 
from  the  cruelty  of  a  drayman  in  the  streets  of  Paris  by  purchasing  him  and  sending 
him  over  to  England,  where  he  became  the  property  of  a  Mr.  Coke,  who  then  pre- 
sented him  to  one  Williams,  keeper  of  a  Coffee-House  in  London.  Some  claim  that 
he  was  a  Barb  but  the  Arabian  groom  who  attended  him  all  the  time  he  was  at  Lord 
Godolphin's  stud  (Gog  Magog)  said  he  had  known  the  horse  in  Arabia,  where  he  was 
known  as  "Zenada"  and  sometimes  called  "Scham"  (meaning  the  chief)  by  way  of1 
compliment.  Lord  Godolphin  made  him  a  teaser  to  his  stallion  Hobgoblin,  who  was  by 
Aleppo  (son  of  the  Darley' Arabian)  out  of  Mr.  Brewster's  "Old  Hautboy"  mare, 
foaled  about  1730.  On  Hobgoblin's  refusal  to  cover  Roxana  (by  the  Bald  Galloway) 
the  Arab  groom  let  "Zenada"  cover  her  and  no  further  intercourse  was  necessary  for, 


22  I'he  American  "Thoroughbred 

in  the  following  year,  she  produced  a  bay  foal  which  Lord  Godolphin  called  Lath  from 
his  having  such  flat  sides,  but  a  marvelously  fine  galloper.  A  year  later  she  produced 
Cade,  who  was  nowhere  such  a  racer  as  Lath  but  outbred  him  completely,  getting  high- 
class  racers  from  all  sorts  and  conditions  of  mares.  This  subject  will  be  dealt  with  more 
fully  under  the  space  devoted  to  Matchem  in  the  section  of  this  work  entitled  "The 
Three  Cardinal  Lines."  The  male  line  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian  is  noted  for  heavier 
bone  and  more  substance  than  the  lines  of  the  Byerly  Turk  or  the  Darley  Arabian. 
It  is  now  wholly  extinct  save  through  Melbourne,  whose  sire,  Humphrey  Clinker,  who 
was  probably  the  largest  thoroughbred  stallion  ever  foaled.  He  is  said  by  those  who 
saw  him  (for  he  died  shortly  after  I  was  born)  to  have  stood  17  hands,  il/2  inches 
high  and  to  have  measured  9^4  inches  around  his  forward  cannon  bones  and  9^/2  under 
his  hocks.  His  line,  thanks  to  the  enterprise  of  Mr.  A.  Keene  Richards,  of  George- 
town, Ky.,  who  imported  Millington  (afterwards  called  imp.  Australian)  a  ch.  h. 
foaled  .1858,  is  now  more  abundant  and  more  successful  than  in  England,  France  or 
Australia,  which  can  only  be  regarded  by  intelligent  breeders  as  a  rare  stroke  of 
good  fortune. 

Some  eighteen  years  ago,  Mr.  James  B.  Haggin  imported  from  Australia  a  brown 
horse  named  Darebin,  by  The  Peer,  a  son  of  Melbourne  and  a  brother  of  the  Oaks 
winner  Marchioness.  This  gave  us  a  new  branch  of  the  blood  of  Matchem  which 
does  not  now  exist  in  England.  While  Darebin  has  gotten  no  sire  of  great  note,  his 
daughters  are  as  good  broodmares  as  can  be  found  in  America ;  and  I  must  be  allowed 
to  express  the  belief  that  Darebin  was  a  valuable  importation,  even  if  he  had  not 
gotten  any  great  performers.  I  have  more  than  once  wondered  what  would  have  been 
his  place  in  history  had  he  been  given  as  great  opportunities  as  were  accorded  to  Sal- 
vator,  owned  by  the  same  breeder.  He  has  certainly  bred  more  bone  than  any  other 
horse  I  know. 

I  opened  this  chapter  with  the  question  "What  Is  a  Thoroughbred  Horse?"  The 
reader  of  these  pages,  written  at  the  patriarchal  age  of  three-score-and-ten,  must  de- 
cide for  himself  as  to  whether  I  have  answered  this  conundrum  to  his  entire  satis- 
faction. 


PART  II. 

The  Three  Cardinal  Lines 


"For  what  I  am  about  to  tell 
Is  true  as  that  the  De'il's  in  h — // 
Or  Dublin  City" 

— SWIFT. 


The  Three  Cardinal  Lines 


I  have  shown  in  the  foregoing  chapter,  that  the  thoroughbred  horse  is  simply  de- 
veloped from  the  Oriental  horse  by  centuries  of  cultivation  and  good  treatment.  As 
a  proof  of  this  I  may  state  that  the  Godolphin  Arabian  was  the  tallest  of  the  three 
great  surviving  leaders  of  Oriental  lines  (being  fourteen  hands  three  inches  high,  while 
his  grandson,  Babraham,  was  the  first  horse  of  thoroughbred  blood  known,  by  actual 
measurement,  to  be  sixteen  hands  high ;  and  very  few  Arabians  of  the  present  day 
(a  large  number  of  which  were  imported  into  Australia,  between  1850  and  1885)  were 
over  fourteen  hands  high. 

Having  described  the  only  three  Oriental  horses  whose  male  lines  are  now  extant — 
the  Darley  Arabian,  the  Byerly  Turk  and  the  Godolphin  Arabian — the  latter  being 
much  the  strongest  factor  up  to  1800,  I  now  come  to  their  more  modern  exponents. 
Eclipse,  Herod  and  Matchem,  ail  other  lines  from  these  three  Oriental  sires  being  now 
extinct. 

DARLEY   ARABIAN  BYERLY   TURK.  GODOLPHIN  ARABIAN. 

Bartlett's    Childers.  Jigg-  Cade,   1734. 

Squirt,    1732.  Partner,  1718.  Matchem,  1748. 

Marske,  1750.  Tartar,   1743. 

Eclipse,  1764.  Herod,  1758. 

By  the  above.it  appears  that  Eclipse  and  Herod  were^eur  generations  removed 
from  their  fountain  head  while  Matchem,  ten  years  older  than  Herod  and  but  sixteen 
years  older  than  Eclipse,  was  but  two.  I  therefore  take  up  the  eldest  of  the  three  first. 

MATCHEM  was  a  bay  horse  foaled  1748  and  bred  by  Mr.  John  Holme,  of  Carlisle. 
He  was  not  trained  until  five  years  old  when  he  raced  as  the  property  of  William 
Fenwick,  of  Bywell  in  Northumberland.  He  won  his  first  race  for  the  subscription 
purse  of  160  guineas  at  York,  beating  Barforth  Billy  by  Forester  and  Bold  by  Cade. 
He  won  six  races  without  experiencing  a  single  defeat,  when  he  was  beaten  (at  seven 
years  old)  by  Spectator,  but  beat  Drawcansir  at  four  miles,  a  few  days  later.  In  1758 
he  won  the  Jockey  Club  plate  at  four  miles,  but  was  subsequently  beaten  by  Mirza, 
Jason  third,  Feather  (favorite)  fourth  and  Forester  last.  His  last  race  was  in  that 
same  year  for  a  £50  plate  at  Scarborough,  in  which  he  beat  Foxhunter  and  Sweetlips. 
He  then  retired  permanently  to  the  stud,  at  the  low  fee  of  five  guineas,  which  was  in- 
creased to  ten  in  1765,  twenty  in  1770  and  fifty  in  1775.  He  was  then  twenty-seven 
years  old  but  got  nineteen  foals  in  that  year.  Matchem's  get  were  on  the  turf  just 
twenty-three  seasons,  during  which  they  won  £150,097.  He  died  at  the  ripe  age  of 
23  -years  in  the  spring  of  1781. 

HEROD  was  bred  by  H.  R.  H.  the  Duke  of  Cumberland  and  was  subsequently  sold 
to  Sir  John  Moore.  He  won  his  first  five  races,  three  of  them  matches  of  1000 
guineas  each,  and  met  with  his  first  defeat  in  a  match  of  1000  guineas  each  against  Sir 
James  Lowther's  Ascham,  to  whom  he  was  giving  14  pounds.  He  then  was  beaten 


26  'The  American   Thoroughbred 

three  straight  races  by  Turf,  Bay  Malton  (twice)  and  then  wound  up  his  turf  career  by 
beating  his  old  antagonist,  Ascham,  for  .1000  guineas  aside,  over  the  Beacon  course 
(four  miles)  at  Newmarket.  Herod  retired  to  the  stud  in  1770.  He  never  got  a  Derby 
winner  but  got  two  winners  of  the  St.  Leger  and  three  of  the  Oaks.  The  best  of  his 
get  were  Anvil,  Phenomenon,  Highflyer,  Florizel,  Bagot,  Fortitude,  Woodpecker  and 
Telamachus.  Considered  as  sires,  Highflyer,  Woodpecker  and  Florizel  were  his  best 
three.  His  get  were  on  the  turf  nineteen  seasons,  during  which  they  won  £201,505  in 
money,  seven  cups  and  forty-three  hogsheads  of  claret.  He  also  showed  himself  a  won- 
derful broodmare  sire,  getting  the  dams  of  Waxy,  whose  male  line  has  won  more  of 
the  classical  events  than  any  other  sire;  and  of  Aimator,  Gohanna  and  his  brother, 
Precipitate,  Gustavus,  Beningbrough  (St.  Leger  1784  and  sire  of  the  great  Orville) 
Calomel,  Coriander,  Dungannon  (winner  of  26  races,  13  at  four  mile  beats),  Imperator, 
Overtoil  and  Worthy,  all  more  or  less  famed  as  sires.  He  also  got  the  dam  of  Contes- 
sina  (by  Young  Marske)  from  whom  is  descended,  in  female  tail  line,  the  great  Isonomy. 
Herod's  greatest  fee  was  25  guineas,  but  he  obtained  that  in  his  third  year.  His  male 
line  now  exists  only  through  three  of  his  sons — Woodpecker,  Highflyer  and  Florizel, 
whose  son,  Diomed,  was  imported  to  America  in  1799.  Herod  died  May  12,  1780,  aged 
22  years 

For  the  first  two  generations  Herod's  line  was  far  in  advance  of  all  others  through 
Highflyer  and  his  great  son,  Sir  Peter,  whose  fifth  dam  was  the  dam  of  the  two  True 
Blues,  the  founder  of  the  No.  3  family  in  Bruce  Lowe's  system.  The  reader  will  also 
note  that-  Sir  Peter  was  conversely  inbred  to  the  Byerly  Turk,  that  horse  being  his 
fifth  sire  and  the  sire  of  his  fifth  dam.  The  great  Australian  stallion,  Chester,  and 
the  equally  famous  New  Zealand  stallion,  Sir  Modred,  imported  by  Mr.  James  B. 
Haggin,  and  premier  sire  of  America  in  1894,  were  both  conversely  inbred  likewise. 
But  it  was  not  through  Highflyer  and  Sir  Peter  alone  that  Herod  triumphed,  for  Wood- 
pecker got  Buzzard  in  1787  and  he  got  the  Oaks  winner  Bronze  and  the  St.  Leger  win- 
ner Quiz.  But.  Buzzard's  honors  did  not  end  there,  for  from  a  daughter  of  Alexander 
(by  Eclipse-Grecian  Princess)  he  got  those  three  great  brothers,  Selim,  Castrel  and  Ru- 
bens, ranking  as  sires  in  the  order  named.  Selim  got  152  winners  of  £55,253,  beside 
the  Whip  and  9  gold  cups.  Castrel  was  a  "roarer"  and  was  very  much  avoided  by  se- 
lect breeders  on  that  account.  Nevertheless  he  got  42  winners  of  £11,726  and  six  gold 
cups.  Rubens  was  the  youngest  of  the  trio,  all  foaled  in  four  years.  He  won  seven  races 
out  of  eleven  and,  at  the  stud,  became  the  most  popular  stallion  of  his  time,  getting  two 
Oaks  winners  and  one  of  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas.  Castrel  died  at  26,  Selim  at  23  and 
Rubens  at  25.  Rubens  got  231  winners  of  a  total  of  £73,031,  besides  thirty-three  gold 
cups.  His  male  line  became  extinct  more  than  twenty  years  ago,  while  Castrel's  line  sur" 
vives  through  Pantaloon,  Windhound,  Thormanby  and  Atlantic  in  France  and  Sir  Mod- 
red  and  Cheviot  in  America.  Selim's  male  line  descends  to  us  through  Sultan,  Bay 
Middleton,  Glencoe,  Vandal,  Virgil,  Hindoo,  Hanover  and  his  great  sons,  Hamburg, 
Handspring,  Handsel,  The  Commoner  and  Buck  Massie. 

The  blood  of  Florizel  was  strongly  exploited  in  the  United  States  through  Diomed, 
the  first  winner  of  the  Epsom  Derby,  who  was  imported  into  America  in  1799  at  the 
ripe  age  of  22  years.  Diomed,  old  as  he  was,  managed  to  get  two  great  performers 
in  Ball's  Florizel  (never  beaten)  and  Sir  Archy,  the  greatest  sire  of  the  first  half  of  the 
nineteenth  century.  Ball's  Florizel's  male  line  soon  became  extinct,  Orphan  being  the 
only  good  sire  in  all  bis  get.  But  Sir  Archy  was  the  great  premier  of  his  era,  getting 
forty  odd  good  performers  and  ten  or  a  dozen  sires  of  whom  several  became  premiers. 
Timoleon,  Sir  Charles  and  Virginian,  Sir  Charles  heading  the  winning  sires'  list  as  late 
as  1839  when  his  son  Wagner  carried  off  the  $20,000  Post  Stake  at  Louisville. 

Duroc,  the  sire  of  the  unbeaten  American  Eclipse,  who  raced  till  nine  years  old  and 
lost  by  a  neck  the  fastest  heat  of  four  miles  ever  ran  up  to  that  time  (7 :37^)  was  also 
by  imported  Diomed.  Eclipse  got  several  good  sires,  the  best  of  which  was  Medoc, 


T'be  Three  Cardinal  Lines  27 

premier  sire  of  America  in  1840  and  1841.  Medoc's  daughters  did  a  great  deal  towards 
building  up  the  reputations  of  Wagner  and  Glencoe,  the  two  most  popular  stallions  in 
America  between  1845  and  1860.  It  was  from  1860  to  1877  that  the  blood  of  Florizel; 
through  Diomed  and  thence  down  to  Lexington,  foaled  1850,  had  its  greatest  innings. 
Lexington  outbred  all  horses  of  his  day  but  his  excellence  ended  with  himself.  He 
headed  the  list  of  winning  sires  for  eleven  seasons,  no  other  stallion  either  native  or  im- 
ported, being  able  to  cope  with  him  save  Leamington ;  and  yet  none  of  his  sons  were 
ever  better  than  third  on  the  list — War  Dance — and  he  was  only  for  one  season.  The 
late  August  Belmont  (who  died  in  1890)  imported  over  $25,000  worth  of  fashionably- 
bred  English  mares,  in  the  hope  of  getting  some  son  of  Lexington  that  would  equal  the 
father,  but  all  in  vain.  His  best  sons  were  War  Dance,  Kingfisher,  Norfolk  and 
Wanderer ;  and  they  were  all  good  without  any  of  them  being  entitled  to  be  called 
great.  The  best  horse  that  ever  came  from  his  male  line  was  Grinstead,  a  grandson 
who  was  by  Gilroy  (Lexington-Magnolia)  a  full  brother  to  Daniel  Boone  and  Ken- 
tucky. He  suffered  from  being  a  private  stallion  and  all  his  get  were  raced  out  of  one 
stable — Mr.  Elias  J.  Baldwin's,  of  Santa  Anita,  California.  Had  Grinstead's  services 
been  accessible  to  the  public,  or  had  Mr.  Baldwin  sold  his  yearlings  at  auction,  Grin- 
stead's  progeny  would  have  had  a  much  better  showing  to  their  credit.  The  only  line 
of  Diomed  now  extant  is  that  through  Boston  and  Lexington ;  and  if  that  line  is  in  ex- 
istence by  the  year  1925,  I  miss  my  reckoning  very  badly. 

Eclipse,  foaled  in  1764,  was  a  chestnut  horse  by  Marske,  son  of  Squirt,  he  by 
Bartlett's  Childers.  His  dam  was  Spiletta  by  Regulus,  son  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian 
who  died  in  1753.  Eclipse  took  his  name  from  the  great  eclipse  of  the  sun  which  pre- 
vailed on  the  day  he  was  foaled ;  and  was  bred  by  H.  R.  H.  William,  Duke  of  Cumber- 
land, who  also  bred  Herod.  At  four  years  old  Eclipse  was  broken  to  ride  and  sold 
to  Mr.  Wildman,  who  shortly  afterwards  sold  one-half  interest  in  him  to  a  noted  Irish 
gambler  of  that  day,  Col.  Dennis  O'Kelly.  Eclipse  won  his  first  race  at  Epsom  on  the 
3rd  day  of  May,  1769,  for  a  plate  of  £50  which  he  won  with  ease  in  a  field  of  five. 
Gower,  by  Sweepstakes,  was  second ;  Chance,  by  Young  Cade,  third,  while  Trial  and 
Plume  were  unplaced.  The  scale  of  weights  at  that  time  was  118  pounds  on  five-year- 
olds  and  129  on  six-year-olds  and  aged  horses.  The  next  race  he  ran,  O'Kelly  offered 
to  bet  £1,000  that  he  could  place  the  horses.  On  the  wager  being  accepted,  O'Kelly 
said,  "Eclipse  first — the  rest  nowhere."  He  then  instructed  his  jockey  to  ride  so  as 
to  distance  the  field,  which  was  obeyed  to  the  letter  and  O'Kelly  won  his  bet.  He  had 
already  paid  650  guineas  for  one-half  of  the  horse  and  now  he  became  the  owner  of  the 
other  half  for  1,100  guineas.  Eclipse  won  nine  races  in  all  that  year,  including  a  gold 
bowl  at  Salisbury,  two  Town  Plates  and  six  Royal  Plates.  The  next  year  he  got  a 
long  list  of  winning  brackets,  some  of  which  he  won  at  odds  of  10  to  i ;  and  in  his  great 
race  over  the  Round  Course,  against  Pensioner  Chigger  and  Diana,  they  not  only  bet 
10  to  I  that  he  would  win,  but,  after  the  first  heat,  bet  7  to  4,  in  very  large  sums,  that  he 
would  distance  Pensioner,  which  he  did.  Eclipse  won  nine  races  in  1770,  making 
eighteen  in  all  without  a  single  defeat,  and  was  then  retired  to  the  stud  at  50  guineas  per 
mare,  whence  came  forth  his  progeny  to  conquer  as  he  had  done  before  them.  His  get 
won  £158,047  in  twenty-three  years,  winning  long  after  his  death.  Eclipse  first  stood 
at  Clay  Hill,  near  Epsom,  where  his  fee  was  50  guineas.  He  died  February  26th,  1787, 
aged  23  years,  at  the  Cannons,  in  Surrey,  not  far  from  Cobham,  his  fee  being  but  30 
guineas  for  two  years  before  his  death.  This  goes  to  prove  what  I  have  already  as- 
serted— that  Herod's  get  surpassed  those  of  Eclipse  for  the  first  two  generations.  Had 
the  young  Eclipses  beaten  the  young  Herods,  there  would  have  been  no  need  of  reduc- 
ing Eclipse's  service  fee,  from  £50  to  £30,  a  shrinkage  of  40  per  cent. 

But  after  the  second  generation  of  each  horse  had  passed,  then  came  the  revulsion, 
which  has  never  wavered  for  a  moment.  It  became  a  rehearsal  of  O'Kelly's  famous 
bet,  "Eclipse  first  and  the  rest  nowhere."  Eclipse  got  three  Derby  winners  to  Herod's 


28  'The  American  Thoroughbred 

none,  one  of  the  best  of  which  was  Saltram,  afterwards  imported  to  America.  Before 
leaving  England,  however,  Saltram  got  Whiskey  out  of  Calash  by  Herod,  she  being  the 
dam  of  Paragon  who  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1786;  and  Whiskey  was  about  the  best  stal- 
lion of  that  day.  He  got  Eleanor,  winner  of  the  Derby  and  Oaks  of  1801,  who  also 
beat  the  great  Orville  three  times  at  cup  distances ;  and  he  was  also  the  sire  of  Pelisse, 
winner  of  the  Oaks,  and  other  capital  performers.  Among  the  great  broodmares  got- 
ten by  Whiskey  were  those  two  great  sisters,  Julia,  dam  of  Phantom,  who  won  the 
Derby  in  1811  and  ran  second  to  Soothsayer  in  the  St.  Leger;  and  Cressida,  dam  of 
Priam,  who  not  only  won  the  Derby  of  1830  in  a  common  canter  but  also  won  the 
Goodwood  cup  at  4  years  with  128  pounds  and  at  5  with  139  pounds  without  being  ex- 
tended. Young  Eclipse,  also  a  Derby  winner,  figures  in  some  good  pedigrees  but  died 
too  young  to  achieve  any  marked  success.  Of  Eclipse's  sons  that  were  the  sires  of 
classical  winners,  we  may  mention  Alexander  and  his  full  brother,  Don  Quixote ;  King 
Fergus,  sire  of  two  St.  Leger  winners ;  Mercury  and  Meteor,  both  sires  of  Oaks  win- 
ners ; .  Volunteer,  who  got  a  winner  each  of  the  Derby  and  Oaks ;  and  last  but  not  the 
least  Pot-8-os,  who  got  two  Derby  winners  in  Champion  and  Waxy,  the  former  being 
the  better  race  horse  and  the  latter  the  greater  sire,  by  long  odds.  Other  good  sires  by 
Eclipse  were  Boudrow,  Joe  Andrews,  Dungannon,  Jupiter,  Hermes,  Javelin,  Soldier 
and  Zodiac;  and  he  got  the  dams  of  Bobtail  (Chanticleer),  Haphazard,  John  Bull  (Derby 
winner),  Master  Bagot,  Phenomenon  (St.  Leger),  Oberon,  Skyscraper,  Scotilla,  Stam- 
ford, Archduke  and  other  great  notables.  Of  all  of  Eclipse's  great  and 
worthy  sons,  both  on  the  turf  and  in  the  stud,  there  are  now  extant  only  the  male  lines 
of  Pot-8-os,  King  Fergus  and  Joe  Andrews,  all  others  having  "gone  a-glimmerin'  thro' 
the  gloom."  Joe  Andrews  was  nothing  great  himself  but  he  got  Dick  Andrews,  and 
Dick  got  the  Oaks  winner  Manuella  and  her  full  sister  Altisdora,  who  won  the  St.  Leger 
in  the  very  next  year,  as  well  as  Cwrw,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand,  but  the  greatest  of 
all  of  Dick  Andrews'  get  was  the  stout  little  bay  horse  Tramp  who  won  the  Doncaster 
cup  of  1814,  when  it  was  a  far  more  important  race  than  now,  he  being  the  first  three- 
year-old  to  carry  off  that  event.  The  distance  of  the  Doncaster  cup  was  then  four 
miles,  since  reduced  to  three,  then  to  two  and  a  half,  then  to  two  and. a  quarter,  and 
now  it  is  just  two  miles.  Tramp  got  Dangerous  and  St.  Giles,  winners  of  the  Derby; 
Barefoot,  who  won  the  St.  Leger  and  was  imported  to  America ;  Tarantella  and  Char- 
lotte West,  winners  of  the  One  Thousand  Guineas ;  Zinganee,  who  won  the  Ascot  cup 
and  was  also  imported  to  America ;  and  the  great  Lottery  who  won  the  Doncaster  Cup 
of  1825,  beating  two  previous  winners  of  the  Derby. 

King  Fergus  got  two  winners  of  the  St.  Leger,  Beningbrough  in  1794  and  Hamble- 
tonian  in  the  year  following.  Below  is  given  the  most  prominent  of  the  get  of  these 
two  sires. 

BENINGBROUGH  t  HAMBLETONIAN  tVoltigeur  *t 

1791  1792  Vedette  D 

Orville  Lady   Evelyn  Whitelock  Galopin* 

Octavius  *  Miss  Letty  Blacklock  Donovan  *t 

Little  John  Crucifix  W  Laurel  D  Galeotia 

Frederick*  Surplice  Flight  mare  Disreali 

Emilius  *  Cowl  Rhedycina  St.  Simon  AG 

Priam  Beadsman  Governess  Diamond  Jubilee  *t 

Plenipo  Mango  Brutandorf  C  Persimmon 

Poison  Het.  Platoff  N  Florizel  II 

Industry  Cossack*  St.    Frusquin 

Voltaire  D  and   5   Oaks   winners. 


*  Won  the  Derby;  t  won  the  St.  Le^er;  A  won  the  Ascot  Cup;  D  won  the  Doncaster;  G  won 
the  Goodwood;  Q  won  the  Queen's  Vaseat  Ascot;  CS  won  the  City  and  Suburban;  J  won  the 
Jockey  Club  Cup;  N  won  the  New  Stakes,  Ascot;  CM  won  the  Grand  Duke  Michael  Stakes, 


The   Three  Cardinal  Lines      •  29 

The  line  of  Mercury  (sire  of  Gohanna,  the  only  horse  ever  known  to  beat  Waxy) 
became  extinct  in  1890  and  that  of  Beningbrough  about  1898. 

From  1825  to  1840,  the  line  of  Beningbrough,  through  Orville  and  his  two  great 
sons  Muley  and  Emilius,  was  at  the  head  of  the  English  turf,  Emilius  heading  the  list 
of  winning  sires  for  three  seasons  and  Muley  for  one  (1840)  in  which  his  son  Little 
Wonder  won  the  Derby,  but  never  did  anything  else  worthy  of  note.  Another  excellent 
son  of  Muley  was  Leviathan  (who  won  two  four-mile  races  at  York  under  the  name 
of  Mezereon,  brought  to  America  a  few  years  prior  to  Margrave.  His  daughters  bred 
admirably  to  Glencoe  and  other  stallions  of  the  period  between  1840  and  1855,  but  he 
never  had  a  son  that  was  better  than  third-class  as  a  sire.  The  line  of  Muley  became 
extinct  in  Ireland  about  1890,  but  was  gone  forever,  at  least  twenty  years  before  that, 
everywhere  else. 

The  line  of  Blacklock  went  down  almost  out  of  sight,  every  once  in  a  while  but 
always  managed  to  "bob  up  serenely"  when  least  expected.  It  was  always  said  Volti- 
geur  was  a  failure  because  he  got  only  one  classic  winner,  in  Vedette,  but  the  following 
table  shows  that  while  he  was  never  better  than,  fifth  on  the  lists  of  Winning  Sires, 
he  got  some  very  good  horses. 

STOCKWELL      VOLTIGEUR 

Winners  of  the  Ascot  Cup 2  2 

Winners  of  the  Doncaster  i  3 

Winners  of  the  Chester  2  i 

Winners  of  the  Epsom 2  I 

Winners  of  the  Gr.  Yorkshire  Stakes  i  4 

Winners  of  the  Cesarewitch  Handicap 2  2 

Winners  of  the  Great  Ebor  Handicap o  3 

10  16 

Of  course  everybody  knows  that  Stockvvell  surpassed  all  sires  as  far  as  the  five 
classical  events  are  concerned,  but  how  any  man  of  common  sense  can  call  Voltigeur  a 
failure,  after  the  above  showing,  passes  my  comprehension.  People  call  Flying  Dutch- 
man a  failure  because  he  never  headed  the  list  of  sires,  but  he  was  four  times  second, 
twice  to  Orlando  and  once  each  to  Newminister  and  Stockwell ;  and  third  three  times, 
once  to  Touchstone  and  twice  to  Stockwell.  Such  alleged  failures  are  susceptible  of  in" 
vestigation. 

PoT-S-os,  though  only  a  moderate  turf  horse,  was  a  good  sire.  He  got  Waxy,  win- 
ner of  the  Derby  of  1793.  with  Gohanna  (by  Mercury)  a  good  second;  Nightshade,  a 
winner  of  the  Oaks ;  and  Champion,  foaled  1797,  who  was  the  first  horse  ever  to  win 
both  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger,  this  in  1800  of  course.  Champion  was  a  total  failure  in 
the  stud  and  Nightshade  produced  nothing  of  note,  but  Waxy's  male  line  has  brought 
forth  more  classic  winners  than  any  other  three.  It  has  endured  from  one  decade  to 
another  with  more  regularity  than  any  other  and  while  partially  overshadowed  by  the 
line  of  Hambletonian  (through  St.  Simon  and  Galopin)  since  1885,  I  am  loth  to  be- 
lieve that  the  overshadowing  is  in  anywise  permanent.  The  following  table  shows  the 
vast  and  far-reaching  merits  of  Waxy  as  a  sire,  in  every  part  of  the  world : 


•    The  American   Thoroughbred 


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A  TTCTD  AT  T  ATM     A4"  A  D  Tr  c  —  A     wnti     Australian     Pun-     C^    won     finndwnnr 

CT3 


O 

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o 


Cup;  GM  won  Great  Metropolitan  Cup;  M  won  Melbourne  Cup,  2 
miles;  MS  won  Melbourne  Stakes,  i  %  miles;  S  won  Sidney  Gold  Cup, 
2  miles;  C  won  Champion  Stakes,  3  miles;  L,  won  Loch  Plate,  2  miles; 
*won  Australian  Derbys. 


The  Three  Cardinal  Lines  ji 

The  real  value  of  Touchstone,  as  a  sire,  is  not  to  be  computed  by  the  number  of 
classical  winners  descended  from  him,  for  in  that  respect  he  falls  far  below  Stockwell, 
St.  Simon  and  even  his  own  grandson,  Hermit.  But  in  1888,  a  writer  in  the  London 
Sportsman  showed  that,  after  rejecting  8  per  cent,  of  Touchstone's  descendants  for 
club  feet  and  less  than  2  per  cent,  of  Birdcatcher's  for  a  similar  reason,  the  male  line 
of  Touchstone  showed  924  horses  above  the  grade  of  selling  platers  to  Birdcatcher's 
887.  Now  there  was  just  two  years'  difference  between  the  ages  of  these  horses; 
and  that  enabled  many  mares  of  Touchstone's  get  to  be  bred  to  Birdcatcher,  while 
Artillery,  who  ran  a  dead  heat  for  second  place  with  Bonnie  Scotland  in  the  St. 
Leger  of  1856,  won  by  Warlock,  is  the  only  horse,  within  my  knowledge,  that  was  by 
Touchstone  and  out  of  a  Birdcatcher  mare. 

It  has  always  been  a  matter  of  dispute  as  to  which  was  the  best  son  of  Touchstone 
—Orlando  or  Newminster.  Judged  by  performances,  neither  was  first-class,  though  one 
won  the  Derby  and  the  other  the  St.  Leger.  Judged  as  sires,  we  find  Orlando  three 
times  first  on  the  list,  three  times  second  and  twice  third.  Newminster  was  in  front 
for  but  two  seasons,  twice  second  and  three  times  third.  He  got  winners  of  more  money 
than  Orlando,  but  he  was  by  seven  years  the  younger  horse  of  the  two  and  Newmin- 
ster's  increase  of  winnings  was  due  merely  to  the  constant  increase  in  the  value  of 
racing  prizes  in  the  meantime.  Coming  down  to  the  next  generation,  Orlando  (who 
was  very  deficient  in  sire  blood  himself)  got  no  horse  worthy  of  being  called  a  sire, 
Boiardo,  probably  his  best  in  this  respect,  having  been  sold  to  Australian  owners. 
Newminster,  on  the  contrary,  is  the  only  stallion  since  1820  to  get  three  premier 
sires,  Hermit  for  seven  seasons  (consecutively)  and  Lord  Clifden  and  Adventurer  for 
one  season  each.  Hermit's  success  was  due  entirely  to  the  fact  that  his  get  were 
flashy  and  liked  short  races. 

Of  course,  Eclipse  is  "first — the  rest  nowhere" — in  summing  up  the  results  of  the 
past  century,  being  the  male  tail-line  ancestor  of  all  the  best  sires  and  most  of  the 
better  class  of  performers.  But  Eclipse  represents  the  male  line  of  the  Darley  Arabian 
and  had  just,  one  cross  of  him,  while  he  had  two  of  the  Godolphin  and  even  more  of 
the  Lister  Turk.  But  as  the  male  line  of  the  latter  horse  is  extinct  by  nearly 
two  centuries,  we  will  let  him  drop  out  and  confine  our  attention  entirely  to  those 
that  have  survived  the  wear-and-tear  of  Time.  The  following  table  shows  the  pro- 
portion of  blood  of  the  three  cardinal  lines  in  each  of  some,  forty  odd  prominent  stal- 
lions of  the  nineteenth  century,  all  of  which  have  been  sires  of  at  least  one  classic 
winner : 


32  The  American   Thoroughbred 

Crosses  of- 


Godol- 
Darley         Byerly      phin 
Stallions'  Names  '    Sires  Arabian         Turk    Arabian 

Eclipse    1764  Marske    1750  102 

Herod    1758  Tartar    1743  2              i              o 

Matchem    1748  Cade    1734  o              i               I 

Sir  Peter   1784  Highflyer    1774  441 

Buzzard    1787  Woodpecker    1773  573 

Selim    1802  Buzzard    1787  6            12              9 

Irish  Escape   1802  Commodore   1787  1496 

Whisky     1789  Saltram     1780  324 

Gohanna     1790  Mercury   1778  434 

Waxy    1790  Pot-8-os    1773  662 

Orville    1799  Beningbrough     1771  986 

Whalebone    1807  Waxy    1790  4            n    _         5 

Tramp  1810  Dick  Andrews   1797  n             10            16 

Blacklock    1814  Whitelock    1803  12            10            15 

Touchstone    1831  Camel    1822  16            23            24 

Birdcatcher    1833  Sir  Hercules  1826  19            19            27 

Harkaway    1834  Economist    1825  17            21            46 

Newminister    1848  Touchstone     1831  22            31            34 

Stockwell   1849  The   Baron    1842  38            44            37 

Weatherbit    1842  Sheet   Anchor    1832  25            31            41 

Sweetmeat    1842  Gladiator    1833  32            32            31 

It  is  customary  for  some  writers  to  claim  a  preponderance  of  the  Godolphin's 
blood  as  a  prerequisite  for  a  great  stallion.  So  far  as  bone  and  substance  are  coi>- 
cerned,  they  are  right,  but  if  the  Godolphin's  is  the  best  blood,  why  has  it  now  be- 
come the  rarest,  for  it  is  now  extinct  save  through  Melbourne  who  was  no  part 
of  any  such  race-horse  as  was  Doctor  Syntax  who  won  the  Preston  Gold  Cup  four 
times  and  was  second  for  it  on  another  occasion  ?  And  if  the  Godolphin's  blood  is 
the  best  of  all,  why  was,  Harkaway,  who  was  the  strongest  inbred  to  the  Godolphin 
01  any  of  the  twenty-one  stallions  above  given,  such  an  ignominious  failure  at  the 
stud?  He  was  certainly  10  pounds  better  than  Lanercost  and  15  better  than  Mel- 
boinne,  and  probably  15  pounds  better  than  Charles  XII.  (whom  he  never  met)  and 
yet,  if  ever  he  got  a  horse  that  ranked  above  the  selling  plate  class,  I  never  heard  of 
it.  Melbourne  was  worth  a  ten-acre  lot  full  of  Harkaways,  so  far  as  breeding  was 
concerned.  Harkaway  had  nine  more  crosses  of  the  Godolphin  than  had  Melbourne, 
who  saved  the  male  line  of  the  Godolphin  from  total  extinction.  If  Godolphin  blood 
was  the  sine  qua  non,  Harkaway  should  have  outbred  The  Baron,  Touchstone  and 
Birdcatcher  very  easily.  As  it  is,,  his  male  line  is  very  weak  everywhere,  there  being 
no  first-class  stallion  anywhere  in  the  world  from  his  line  unless  Dick  Welles  and  his 
brother,  Ort  Welles,  now  both  in  training,  turn  out  to  be  such. 

"The  survival  of  the  fittest"  is  the  proper  term  to  apply  to  the  unquestioned  pre- 
eminence of  the'Darley  Arabian's  male  line.  Doctrinaires  will  overhaul  the  pedi- 
gree of  Eclipse  to  show  that  he  had  more  Godolphin  than  Darley  blood,  which  is 
strictly  true.  But  how  is  it  that  the  Byerly  Turk's  male  line  has  gotten  not  a  single 
Derby  winner  since  Sir  Bevys  won  it  in  1879;  nor  a  St.  Leger  winner  since  Ossian 
defeated  St.  Blaise  and  a  dozen  others  in  1883?  And  how  is  it  that  Sir  Visto,  by  Bar- 
caldine  out  of  Vista  by  Macaroni,  was  the  first  horse  (in  1895)  from  the  Godolphin's 
line  to  win  a  Derby  since  Blink  Bonny  carried  it  off  in  1857,  a  lapse  of  38  years ;  and 
that  Sir  Visto  and  Kilwarlin  were  the  only  two  Godolphin  horses  to  win  a  St.  Leger 
since  West  Australian  went  into  the  "triple  crown"  business,  in  1853?  Other  races 
in  England  show  a  great  proportion  of  victories  for  the  Herod  and  Matchem  lines, 


The   Three  Cardinal  Lines  jj 

but  that  of  Eclipse  holds  an  indisputable  sway  in  the  classics.  In  France,  the  scale 
has  turned,  since  the  death  of  Monarque,  very  largely  in  favor  of  the  Herod  blood 
in  point  of  class,  if  not  in  numbers.  In  1878,  Mortemer,  from  the  Partisan  branch  of 
the  Herod  line,  outbred  everything  there,  so  that  Mr.  Pierre  Lorillard  imported  him 
to  this  country  at  a  cost  of  $33,000  and  just  about  got  his  money  back.'  Mortemer 
was  the  sire  of  Verneuil  (out  of  Regalia  by  Stockwell)  the  only  horse  to  win  the 
Queen's  Gold  Vase,  the  Ascot  Cup  and  the  Alexandra  Plate  (3  miles)  during  tihe 
same  week,  but  his  success  in  America  was  not  equal  to  his  unquestionable  triumphs 
on  his  native  soil.  The  most  successful  stallion  in  France  since  1890  has  been  Le 
Sancy,  a  Herod-line  horse  whose  sire  was  a  very  moderate  performer  in  England — 
Atlantic — who  won  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas  in  1874;  and  he  was  by  Thormanby, 
who  won  the  Derby  of  1860  and  the  Ascot  Cup  of  1861,  his  dam  being  Hurricane  by 
Wild  Dayrell.  It  is  blood,  that  in  England,  is  considered  good  without  being  great. 
But  it  certainly  has  shown  itself  very  powerful  in  France,  as  has  also  the  blood  of 
Flying  Dutchman,  whose  sons,  Dollar  and  Dutch  Skater,  left  a  very  deep  impression 
on  France.  England  can  now  progress  no  further  in  breeding  to  the  male  line  of 
Eclipse.  She  must  have  Herod  stallions  for  outcrosses  and  she  will  have  to  go  to 
France  for  them,  although  I  believe  our  own  Hanover  line  superior  to  anything 
they  have  in  France. 


PART  III. 

The  Modern  British  Thoroughbred 


'For  if  once  we  efface  the  charm  of  the  chase 
From  the  land  and  uproot  the  stud^ 

Then  goodbye  to  the  Anglo-Saxon  race 
And  farewell  to  the  Norman  blood" 

— ADAM   LINDSAY  GORDON. 

(  "The  Shakespeare  of  the  Turf.") 


fc 
o 


The  Modern  British  Thoroughbred 


The  close  of  the  eighteenth  century  witnessed  a  remarkable  advance  in  the  breed- 
ing interests  of  England.  There  were  five  stallions  foaled  in  the  last  fifteen  years  of 
that  century  that  were  destined  to  perpetuate  their  names  through  the  one  hundred 
years  next  to  follow,  and  these  were : 

SIR  PETER,  foaled  1784,  by  Highflyer  out  of  Papillon  by  Snap.  Won  the  Derby 
of  1787  and  got  four  Derby,  two  Oaks  and  four  St.  Leger  winners. 

BUZZARD,  foaled  1787,  by  Woodpecker  out  of  Misfortune  by  Dux.  Got  Bron'ze, 
winner  of  the  Oaks  in  1806  and  Quiz,  St.  Leger  of  1801.  Also  sire  of  Selim,  Rubens 
and  Castrel,  all  great  sires,  ranking  in  the  order  named.  Buzzard  was  imported  to 
Virginia,  where  he  got  Hephestion  and  other  good  ones.  Died  in  Kentucky  in  1811 
at  the  age  of  24.  Bronze  was  sister  to  Selim,  Rubens  and  Castrel. 

WAXY,  Derby  winner  of  1793,  by  Pot-8-os  (1773)  out  of  Maria  by  Herod.  Got 
four  Derby  and  three  Oaks  winners,  being  the  only  horse  in  history  to  get  all  three 
placed  horses  in  the  Epsom  Oaks,  over  90  years  ago.  He  got  no  St.  Leger  winners, 
but  was  sire  of  three  great  horses,  all  brothers.  Whalebone  won  the  Derby  and  got 
three  Derby  and  one  Oaks  winner,  beside  one  eacli  of  the  Ascot  and  Goodwood  Cups. 
Whisker  got  no  Derby  nor  Oaks  winners  but  got  two  St.  Leger  winners — Memnon  and 
The  Colonel,  the  latter  making  a  dead  heat  with  Cadland  for  the  Derby.  Woful,  the 
third  of  this  marvelous  trio,  is  but  little  heard  of,  even  among  men  claiming  to  be 
pedigree  students,  but  he  got  two  Oaks  winners  and  one  of  the  St.  Leger,  Theodore, 
who  finished  on  three  legs. 

SORCERER,  a  black  horse,  foaled  1796,  by  Trumpator  out  of  Young  Giantess  by 
Diomed,  she  being  also  the  second  dam  of  both  Phantom  and  Priam,  winners  of  the 
Derby ;  and  the  third  dam  of  Langar,  a  noted  sire  who  got  Elis,  St.  Leger  of  1836 ;  and 
also  got  Felt,  Chester  Cup  of  1830. 

HAMBLETONIAN,  brown  horse  foaled  1792  and  winner  of  the  St.  Leger  in  1795. 
He  got  no  classic  winners  but  was  sire  of  Camillus,  Anticipation  (twice  winner  of  the 
Ascot  Cup)  and  Whitelock,  sire  of  Blacklock,  whose  dam  produced  the  three-legged 
St.  Leger  winner,  Theodore.  It  is  through  Blacklock  that  the  male-line  of  Hamble- 
tonian  survives  to  the  present  date.  Hambletonian  was  by  King  Fergus  out  of  a  mare 
(1782)  by  Highflyer;  and  King  Fergus  was  also  sire  of  Beningbrough,  who  won  the 
St.  Leger  in  1794.  For  twenty-five  years  Beningbrough  outbred  Hambletonian  as 
badly  as  one  horse  could  outbreed  another,  for  he  got  two  Oaks  winners  and  the  mag- 
nificent Orville,  that  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1802.  Orville  got  Octavius  and  Emilius, 
winners  of  the  Derby;  Ebor,  who  beat  Blacklock  a  length  for  the  St.  Leger  of  1817; 
and  two  winners  of  the  One  Thousand  Guineas.  From  1800  to  1830  the  male-line  of 
Hambletonian  and  Blacklock  lay  perfectly  dormant,  save  in  cup  races  at  long  dis- 
tances. Emilius,  on  the  other  hand,  was  the  most  noted  sire  between  1825  and  1840, 
getting  Priam  and  Plenipotentiary,  winners  of  the  Derby;  Oxygen,  winner  of  the 


j8  The  American   Thoroughbred 

Oaks  in  1831 ;  Mango,  the  St.  Leger  winner  in  1837  and  probably  as  poor  a  horse  as 
ever  won  it;  Riddlesworth,  winner  of  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas,  and  three  of  the 
One  Thousand  Guineas..  And  for  all  that  the  male-line  of  Beningbrough,  through  Or- 
ville,  Emilius  and  Muley  is  now  extinct,  while  that  of  Hambletonian  through  Black- 
lock,  Voltaire,  Voltigeur,  Vedette,  Galopin  and  St.  Simon,  now  stands  at  the  head  of 
the  British  turf,  having  headed  the  list  of  winning  sires  for  fourteen  years  out  of  the 
past  sixteen.  History  teems  with  revenge. 

Therefore,  the  only  three  Eclipse  lines  now  extant  are  those  which  come  down 
to  us  through  Hambletonian,  Joe  Andrews  and  Waxy ;  the  only  Herod  lines  are  those 
through  Sir  Peter  and  Buzzard.  And  the  only  Matchem  line  that  comes  to  us  is 
that  handed  down  through  Comus,  whose  dam  was  by  Sir  Peter;  Humphrey  Clinker, 
whose  dam  was  by  a  son  of  St.  Peter ;  and  Melbourne,  but  for  whom  the  male-line  of 
Matchem  would  now  be  extinct.  The  Gohanna  branch  of  Eclipse  blood  became  extinct 
in  1894,  his  last  male-line  representative  being  Warwick,  by  Hubbard,  out  of  May- 
flower (dam  of  Joe  Hooker,  a  really  good  sire)  by  imported  Eclipse,  son  of  Orlando. 
Gohanna  was  foaled  in  1790  and  ran  second  to  Waxy  in  the  Derby.  He  was  subsequent- 
ly matched  against  Waxy  at  two  miles  and  beat  him.  Gohanna  got  Cardinal  Beaufort 
and  Election,  winners  of  the  Derby.  The  best  representative  of  this  line  in  England  was 
Catton  and  in  America  the  game  little  Revenue,  his  grandson. 

WAXY  was  undoubtedly  the  best  exponent  of  Eclipse's  male-line,  for  while  that 
of 'Hambletonian  was  always  considered  good,  it  never  became  really  great  until  the 
advent  of  Galopin  and  his  great  son,  St.  Simon.  Waxy's  line,  on  the  other  hand, 
was  always  great.  He  got  four  winners  of  the  Derby  in  Waxy  Pope,  Whalebone, 
Blucher  and  Whisker,  the  latter  being  by  far  the  handsomest  of  the  quartette.  From 
1878  to  1892  the  Whisker  branch  of  Waxy  blood  was  ahead  of  the  Whalebone  branch 
in  Australia,  but  not  in  Europe  or  America.  The  dam  of  Waxy  Pope  was  Prunella 
by  Highflyer ;  and  she  was  the  second  dam  of  Whalebone  and  Whisker,  as  well  as 
Woful,  mentioned  above.  From  this  line  of  mares,  in  later  generations,  came  Mid- 
dleton,  Derby  winner  of  1825 ;  Glencoe,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas  and 
Goodwood  Cup  at  three  years  and  the  Ascot  Cup  at  four;  Bay  Middleton  (never 
beaten),  who  won  the  Two  Thousand  and  the  Derby  of  1836;  and  Princess  and  Pas- 
tille, winners  of  the  Oaks.  No  wonder  Mr.  Bruce  Lowe  made  this  the  No.  i  family 
in  his  figure  system.  WTaxy  was  the  sire  of  Whalebone,  a  winner  for  six  consecutive 
seasons  and  sire  of  three  Derby  winners  (conceding  that  he  was  the  true  sire  of 
Moses),  and  Caroline,  winner  of  the  Oaks  in  1820. 

But  none  of  Whalebone's  Derby  winners  were  of  any  account  as  sires.  We  had 
the  misfortune  to  import  one  of  them,  Lapdog,  full  brother  to  Spaniel,  who  won  the 
same  race  in  1831.  The  only  sires  that  Whalebone  got  were  Camel,  foaled  in  1822; 
Sir  Hercules,  foaled  in  1826,  and  Defence,  foaled  in  1818.  The  male  line  of  Defence, 
through  The  Emperor  and  Monarque,  still  exists  in  France,  but  is  very  weak  and  is 
extinct  elsewhere.  Camel  was  a  very  big  and  rangy  horse  with  a  decided  verging  to- 
ward coarseness;  and  as  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  read,  an  inferior  performer.  Sir 
Hercules  was  gotten  by  Whalebone  when  he  was  eighteen  years  old  and  was  about  the 
last  of  his  progeny,  besides  being  his  best.  In  conformation  he  was  the  direct  antitheton 
of  Camel,  being  barely  fifteen  and  one-half  hands  high  and  the  most  compact  horse 
ever  seen  in  England  up  to  this  day.  From  the  center  of  the  breast  to  the  hind  part 
of  the  shoulder;  from  the  hind  part  of  the  shoulder  to  the  hip;  and  from  the  hip  to 
the  whirlbone,  the  three  measures  were  exactly  identical.  Is  it  any  wonder  that  he 
got  two  such  great  sires  as  Birdcatcher  and  Faugh-a-Ballagh  ?  Sir  Hercules  got  Cor- 
onation, winner  of  the  Derby  in  1841 ;  Faugh-a-Ballagh,  winner  of  the  St.  Leger  of 
1844;  Corsair,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand  of  1839;  Lifeboat,  winner  of  the  Great 
Metropolitan ;  and  Hyllus,  who  won  the  Goodwood  Cup,  after  having  been  second  and 
third  for  it  in  the  two  previous  years,  together  with  two  winners  each  of  the  Chester 


The  Modern  British   Thoroughbred  39 

Cup,  Cesarewitch  and  Cambridgeshire  handicaps.  No  intelligent  reader  can  say  that 
he  was  not  a  sire  among  sires. 

CAMEL  got  two  St.  Leger  winners,  full  brothers,  Touchstone  in  1834  and  Launcelot 
in  1840.  The  latter  was  as  great  a  failure  in  the  stud  as  his  brother  was  a  success; 
and  he  was  as  much  handsomer  horse  than  Touchstone  as  one  horse  could  be  handsomer 
than  another.  Camel  also  got  Wintonian,  brother  to  that  great  broodmare,  Hester ; 
and  Wintonian  got  Rhedycina,  who  won  the  Oaks  of  1850.  Camel's  reputation,  as  a 
sire  of  sires,  must  therefore  rest  upon  Touchstone  entirely.  Touchstone  does  not  ap- 
pear to  have  been  any  great  three-year-old,  although  he  won  the  St.  Leger,  because  he 
was  twice  beaten  by  General  Chasse  (by  Actaeon),  only  a  fair  horse.  But  at  four, 
five  and  six  years  old,  Touchstone  was  one  of  the  two  best  long-distance  horses  in 
England,  Glencoe  being  the  other.  Touchstone  won  the  Ascot  Cups  of  i836-'37  and 
the  Doncaster  Cups  of  i835-'36;  and  as  Caravan,  by  the  same  sire,  won  the  Ascot 
Cup  in  1839,  this  made  Camel  sire  of  three  Ascot  Cup  winners,  a  record  equalled  only 
by  Sterling,  a  male-line  descendant  of  Sir  Hercules,  about  fifty  years  later.  And  here 
I  must  drop  the  Waxy  branch  of  Eclipse,  for  the  present,  and  crawl  back  to  the 
Hambletonian  line,  now  so  famous  in  England  though  not  so  good  here. 

HAMBLETONIAN,  St.  Leger  winner  of  1795,  got  two  fairly  good  sires  in  Camillus 
and  Whitelock.  Camillus  got  Treasure,  by  long  odds  the  greatest  mare  (considered 
as  an  ancestress,  of  course)  in  the  whole  No.  2  family;  and  he  also  got  Oiseau,  sire 
of  Rowton,  St.  Leger  winner  of  1829,  in  which  he  beat  Voltaire,  who  was  worth  a 
ten-acre  lot  full  of  Rowtons  as  a  sire,  Sir  Hercules  being  third  in  that  race.  Of 
Whitelock  I  know  nothing,  save  that  he  was  the  sire  of  Blacklock,  second  to  Ebor  in 
the  St.  Leger  of  1817  and  beat  him  afterwards,  as  well  as  nearly  .every  other  horse 
that  started  against  him  after  he  reached  his  fourth  year.  All  accounts  agree  that 
Blacklock  lost  the  great  northern  race  through  bad  riding;  and  who,  at  this  late  day, 
ever  hears  of  Ebor?  Blacklock  is  described  as  a  large  and  splendidly  bodied  horse 
with  an  ugly  and  fiddle-shaped  head.  Query,  how  long  did  it  take  the  English  breeders 
to  find  out  that  a  horse  does  not  run  with  his  head? 

BLACKLOCK  got  Voltaire,  who  ran  second  in  the  St.  Leger  of  1829  and  won  the 
Doncaster  Cup  in  the  same  week;  Brutandorf,  out  of  Mandane  (dam  of  the  great 
Lottery),  winner  of  the  Chester  Cup  in  1826;  Laurel,  third  in  the  St.  Leger  of  1827  and 
winner  of  the  Doncaster  Cup  in  1828;  and  Samarcand,  winner  of  numerous  races  that 
I  have  forgotten.  From  1840  to  1865,  ask  any  English  breeding  expert  as  to  which  was 
the  best  branch  of  Blacklock's  line  and  he  would  answer  "through  Brutandorf"  without 
one  moment's  hesitation.  Since  then  the  Brutandorf  line  has  become  almost,  if  not 
entirely  extinct ;  and  the  Voltaire  branch,  through  Vedette,  is  now  at  the  head  of  the 
English  turf,  Galopin  heading  the  list  at  25  years  of  age,  while  his  son,  the  great  St. 
Simon,  heads  the  list  for  nine  seasons,  as  against  seven  each  for  Stockwell  and  Hermit, 
the  two  best  exponents  of  the  lines  of  Sir  Hercules  and  Camel.  Never  in  the  world's 
history  did  any  other  horse  suffer  so  much  calumny  and  persecution  as  did  old  Black- 
lock.  That  his  descendant,  St.  Simon,  should  get  five  winners  of  the  Oaks,  as  against 
three  each  for  King  Tom,  Melbourne,  Priam  and  Waxy,  is  honor  enough,  but  he  also 
got  five  of  the  One  Thousand  Guineas,  as  against  three  for  Emilius,  the  only  other 
horse  to  get  three.  Old  Blacklock,  if  he  were  alive,  could  truthfully  say  that  "Revenge 
is  sweet."  I  must  now  go  back  to  Joe  Andrews  and  his  great  son,  Dick  Andrews,  sire 
of  that  marvelous  little  horse,  Tramp. 

JOE  ANDREWS,  named  after  a  noted  prize-fighter  of  that  era,  was  by  Eclipse,  out  of 
Amanda  by  Omnium.  He  got  Dick  Andrews,  a  fair  racehorse  out  of  a  Highflyer  mare, 
from  a  mare  by  Cardinal  Puff.  Dick  Andrews  got  Tramp,  the  first  three-year-old 
to  win  the  Doncaster  Cup,  in  1814,  when  that  race  was  run  at  four  miles ;  and  Tramp's 
defeat  at  that  distance,  at  five  years  old,  by  Prime  Minister  (son  of  Sancho)  was  one 
of  the  things  that  never  could  be  explained.  Dick  Andrews  got  Manuella,  winner  of 


40  The  American   Thoroughbred 

the  Oaks  in  1812  and  afterwards  dam  of  Belshazzar,  imported  to  America  and  men- 
tioned at  length  in  the  American  chapter,  of  this  book;  Altisidora,  fufll  sister  to 
Manuella  and  winner  of  the  St.  Leger  in  1813 :  and  Cwrw,  winner  of  the  Two  Thou- 
sand Guineas.  Dick  Andrews  also  got  several  good  broodmares,  but  it  is  solely  upon 
Tramp  that  his  name  must  rest  as  a  perpetuator  of  the  Eclipse  blood ;  and  it  goes 
without  sayinp-  that  Tramp  was  by  far  the  stoutest  horse  of  that  era  for,  at  five  years 
old,  he  beat  the  six-year-old  Catton  at  four  miles  with  140  pounds  on  each.  Tramp 
got  Lottery,  winner  of  the  Doncaster  Cup  of  1825,  in  which  he  defeated  the  Derby 
winners  of  the  two  preceding  years ;  Dangerous  and  St.  Giles,  winners  of  the  Derby, 
the  former  sold  to  France  and  the  latter  imported  into  Alabama ;  Barefoot,  winner  of 
the  St.  Leger  and  imported  into  Massachusetts;  and  two  winners  of  the  One  Thou- 
sand Guineas  also.  Tramp  also  got  Liverpool,  who  beat  the  St.  Leger  winner,  Chorister, 
in  a  match  and  afterwards  got  Idas,  winner  of  the  Two  Thousand  in  1845.  Liverpool 
also  got  that  great  cup  horse,  Lanercost,  who  ran  third  in  the  St.  Leger  of  1839  and 
afterwards  won  a  total  of  28  races  in  54  starts,  including  the  Newcastle  and  Ascot, 
Cups  of  1841,  in  both  of  which  he  defeated  that  marvelous  mare,  Beeswing.  Laner- 
cost was  sold  to  France  at  fourteen  years  old,  previous  to  which  he  got  Van  Tromp, 
winner  of  the  St.  Leger  of  1847,  the  Ascot  Cup  and  Goodwood  Cup  of  1849  and  second 
in  the  Doncaster  Cup  to  Chanticleer  (son  of  Birdcatcher)  while  conceding  him  five 
pounds.  Lanercost  also  got  Catherine  Hayes,  who  won  the  Oaks  of  1853  and  by 
long  odds  the  handsomest  mare  of  her  day.  She  was  the  dam  of  Belladrum,  the  best 
two-year-old  that  Stockwell  ever  got.  One  would  naturally  suppose  that,  if  the  line 
of  Tramp  bred  on,  it  would  be  through  Liverpool  and  Lanercost,  but  fate  had  decreed 
otherwise.  The  Lanercost  branch  still  exists  in  Australia,  but  it  is  very  likely  to  go  out 
at  any  time.  There  is  no  male-line  representative  of  Lanercost  in  America  nor  Eng- 
land and  few,  if  any,  in  France.  To  give  the  reader  an  idea  how  stout  a  horse  he  was, 
I  would  mention  that  he  won  five  races  in  twelve  days,  the  last  one  being  the  Cambridge- 
shire at  Newmarket,  in  which  he  defeated  Hetman  Platoff  and  nineteen  others. 

The  line  of  Tramp,  that  is,  whatever  is  worthy  of  mention,  comes  down  to  us 
through  Lottery  and  his  son  Sheet  Anchor,  whose  dam  was  Morgiana,  sister  to  Monimia 
(dam  of  Hester  and  Wintonian)  by  Muley.  Sheet  Anchor  was  mated  with  Miss  Letty, 
the  Oaks  winner  of  1837,  the  produce  being  a  little  brown  horse  called  Weatherbit  who, 
in  spite  of  his  small  size,  was  good  enough  to  give  Chamois,  by  Venison,  27  pounds 
in  the  Great  Metropolitan  of  1846  and  run  him  to  a  head.  Sheet  Anchor  got  Colling- 
wood,  winner  of  the  Royal  Hunt  Cup  at  Ascot  in  1845  with  the  top  weight  of  the 
race.  The  Australians  imported  six  sons  of  Collingwood  on  account  of  their  great 
substance,  but  none  of  them  got  any  sires.  Weatherbit  was  moderately  successful  as 
a  sire,  being  twice  third  to  Touchstone  and  once  to  Melbourne.  He  pot  Beadsman,  the 
Derby  winner  of  1858,  out  of  the  Oaks  winner,  Mendicant;  and  also  got  Kelpie,  re- 
ferred to  in  the  Australian  chapter  of  this  work,  as  well  as  one  winner  each  of  the 
Cesarewitch  and  Cambridgeshire.  He  also  got  two  mares  that  are  already  famous  in 
American  stud  history — Cicily  Jopson,  dam  of  Waverly,  who  outbred  every  other  son 
of  imported  Australian  while  he  lived;  and  Weatherwitch,  dam  of  Fonso,  who  won 
the  Kentucky  Derby  of  1880,  as  well  as  the  second  dam  of  the  peerless  Hindoo  and 
the  third  dam  of  pretty  little  Firenze,  so  justly  styled  "the  Beeswing  of  America." 

BEADSMAN  was  a  brown  colt  foaled  in  1855  and  winner  of  the  Derby  of  1858,  with 
Toxophilite  second  and  The  Hadji  third.  He  was  a  trifle  under  sized  and  had 
tucked  thighs  which  indicate  an  inclination  to  run  fast  without  regard  to  staying 
qualities.  He  retired  to  the  stud  at  four  and  got  Blue  Gown,  the  win- 
ner of  the  Derby  and  Ascot  Cup  of  1868;  Pero  Gomez,  winner  of  the  St. 
Leger  1869;  The  Palmer,  winner  of  the  Liverpool  Cup  of  1869;  and  last  but  not  least, 
Rosicrucian  who,  with  133  pounds  up,  defeated  Musket,  four  years,  126  pounds,  for  the 
Alexandra  Plate  at  Ascot  in  1872,  in  the  most  furious  finish  seen  on  "the  Heath"  since 


'The  Modern  British  "Thoroughbred  41 

Camarine  defeated  Rowton  for  the  Ascot  Cup  of  1831.  The  two  leaders  were  never 
unlocked  during  the  race,  and  the  struggle  was  so  severe  that  the  Judge  declined  to 
place  the  third  horse,  Dutch  Skater,  who  was  nearly  eighty  yards  away,  and  at  least 
twenty  ahead  of  Barford  and  Wheatear. 

The  best  exponent  of  the  Joe  Andrews  line,  therefore,  is  Rosicrucian,  now  about 
seven  years  dead — with  a  possible  exception  in  favor  of  the  Australian  horse  Golds- 
brough,  who  is  described  at  length  in  the  Australian  chapter  of  this  work.  Golds- 
brough  and  Rosicrucian  both  got  great  broodmares  but  no  sons  worthy  of  mention  as 
sires.  Althotas,  uy  Rosicrucian,  got  a  pretty  fair  horse  in  Button  Park,  but  the  line 
is  nearly  gone  in  England  and  quite  so  in  America.  Vasco  di  Gama,  a  full  brother 
to  Pero  Gomez,  together  with  his  sister,  Arapeile,  was  sent  to  Australia,  but  achieved 
nothing  of  any  great  note.  Tim  Whiffler  was  another  Tramp  horse  sent  to  the  land 
of  the  Kangaroo,  after  winning  the  Chester  and  Goodwood  Cups  of  1862.  He  was  by 
Van  Galen,  son  of  Van  Tromp,  and  he  by  Lanercost,  out  of  Sybil  by  The  Ugly  Buck, 
son  of  Venison.  Tim  Whiffler  got  the  only  filly  ever  to  win  the  Melbourne  Cup,  and 
she  also  won  the  Victoria  Derby  in  the  same  year ;  and  he  was  also  the  sire  of  Darri- 
well,  a  Melbourne  Cup  winner  also.  I  have  heard  nothing  of  that  line  in  Australia  for 
the  past  ten  years  and  naturally  conclude  that  it  is  fully  as  weak  in  Australia  as  in 
England.  And  having  disposed  of  the  Joe  Andrews  branch  of  Eclipse's  line,  I  come 
back  to  the  earlier  Herod  lines  that  have  survived  up  to  the  present  writing. 

SIR  PETER  was  the  best  exponent  of  the  No.  3  family,  barring  Stockwell,  as  he  was 
covering  long  before  the  One  Thousand  and  Two  Thousand  Guinea  races  were  started; 
and,  consequently,  the  Derby,  Oaks  and  St.  Leger  are  the  only  means  of  comparison 
between  the  two.  And  here  you  see  how  they  range  up  beside  each  other : 

STOCKWELL  SIR   PETER 

Winners  of  the  Derby  3  4 

Winners  of  the  Oaks i  2 

Winners  of  the  St.  Leger '. 6  4 

10  10 

So  you  see  the  Derby  hero  of  1/87  held  his  own  pretty  well,  being  three  points 
ahead  of  Melbourne  and  five  ahead  of  King  Tom  in  winners  of  the  above  races.  Like 
Whalebone,  who  came  twenty  years  after  him,  Sir  Peter  was  very  unlucky  with  his 
Derby  winners.  From  Horatia  by  Eclipse  he  got  Paris  and  Archduke,  both  Derby 
winners  and  of  no  earthy  value  as  sires,  while  Stamford,  a  full  brother  to  these  two 
brilliants,  is  to  be  found  in  the  pedigree  of  every  great  horse  on  earth,  from  four  to 
a  dozen  times.  He  got  the  dams  of  Mameluke  and  Emilius,  both  Derby  winners ;  of 
Master  Henry,  a  winner  of  the  Whip  and  sire  of  that  ereat  mare,  Banter;  and  the  grand 
dam  of  Don  John  and  Hetinan  Platoff,  both  horses  of  exceptional  merit.  And  I  have 
never  been  able  to  find  any  performances  by  Stamford,  nothwithstanding  I  have  been 
doing  considerable  reading  in  the  past  forty  years  on  English  turf  history.  Sir  Peter 
got  Walton,  foaled  1799  and  a  sort  of  hard-luck  horse;  and  his  full  brother,  William- 
son's Ditto,  winner  of  the  Derby  of  1803.  I  can  find  the  latter  horse  only  as  sire  of 
Luzborough,  imported  to  this  country ;  and  of  Bacchante,  dam  of  the  great  Sultan, 
who  ran  second  to  Tiresias  in  the  Derby  of  1819  and  who  is  the  greatest  sire  of  extreme 
speed  to  the  present  writing,  being  the  only  sire  with  five  winners  of  the  Two  Thou- 
sand Guineas  to  his  credit,  Touchstone  and  Stockwell  having  each  four.  Walton  was  a 
good  racehorse  and  got  Phantom,  the  Derby  winner  of  1811,  and  St.  Patrick,  who  won 
the  St.  Leger  of  1820.  Walton  also  got  the  noted  stallion,  Partisan,  who  ranks  next 
to  Sultan  as  a  sire  of  extreme  speed.  Partisan  got  Mameluke,  Derby  winner  of  1827; 
Cyprian,  Oaks  winner  in  1836,  and  Patron,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand.  Phantom  got 
two  Derby  winners  in  consecutive  years,  Middleton  and  Cedric;  Cobweb,  who  won  the 
Oaks  and  One  Thousand  in  1824,  and  Pindarrie  and  Enamel,  winners  of  the  Two 


4.2  'The  American  'Thoroughbred 

Thousand.  Cobweb  afterwards  became  famous  as  the  dam  of  Bay  Middleton,  winner 
of  the  Derby  and  Two  Thousand  of  1836;  and  Achmet,  also  a  Two  Thousand  winner, 
while  her  full  sister  produced  Ibrahim,  winner  of  the  Two  Thousand,  and  Princess, 
winner  of  the  Oaks  of  1844.  It  now  becomes  necessary  to  turn  back  to  the  beginning 
of  the  century,  to  see  just  what  the  Matchem  horses  did  for  the  turf. 

SORCERER,  a  black  horse  foaled  in  1796,  got  Soothsayer,  winner  of  the  St.  Leger 
of  1811  and  sire  of  Tiresias,  who  defeated  Sultan  in  the  Derby;  Smo- 
lensko,  who  won  both  the  Derby  and  Two  Thousand  in  1813 ;  two  other  winners  of 
the  Two  Thousand;  three  winners  of  the  Oaks,  one  of  which  was  the  famous  brood- 
mare, Morel,  and  the  great  stallion,  Bourbon,  sire  of  that  stout  mare,  Fleur  de  Lis, 
who  won  one  Doncaster  Cup  and  two  Goodwood  Cups.  Smolensko  got  Jerry,  the 
St.  Leger  winner  of  1824.  Even  that  early  in  the  day  the  Matchem  line  began  to  show 
a  falling-off.  Sorcerer  also  got  Comus,  foaled  in  1809,  and  he  got  Reveller  and  Matilda, 
winners  of  the  St.  Leger ;  and  Gray  Momus,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand  and  Ascot 
Cup  of  1838.  Comus  also  got  an  enormous  brown  horse  called  Humphrey  Clinker,  said 
to  have  been  eighteen  hands  high  and  believed  to  have  been  the  largest  thoroughbred 
ever  foaled.  This  big  horse  got  Bran,  second  to  both  Glencoe  and  Touchstone  in 
the  Ascot  Gold  Cups  of  1835-36  and  afterwards  sire  of  the  Oaks  winner,  Our  Nell; 
Famine,  a  great  winner  in  Ireland ;  and  last  but  not  least,  that  great,  homely  horse, 
Melbourne,  who  was  no  very  great  performer  but  good  enough  to  beat — at  a  mere 
nominal  difference  of  weight — such  horses  as  Lanercost  and  St.  Bennett  (who  had 
previously  beaten  the  great  Harkaway)  in  a  race  for  the  Palatine  Plate  at  Chester. 
Melbourne  was  from  the  Tregonwell  Barb  mare  (family  No.  i)  and  therefore  was 
selected  for  such  mares  of  Touchstone's  get  as  had  a  cross  of  Whisker  on  their  dam's 
side.  One  of  these  was  Mowerina,  sister  to  Cotherstone,  who  won  both  the  Two 
Thousand  and  Derby  but  was  beaten  a  neck  by  Nutwith  in  the  St.  Leger.  From  this 
union  of  Melbourne  and  Mowerina  came  West  Australian,  the  first  horse  in  history 
to  win  the  Two  Thousand,  the  Derby  and  the  St.  Leger,  this  being  in  1853 ;  and  he 
also  won  the  Ascot  Cup  of  the  following  year,  after  a  desperate  struggle  with  King- 
ston, who  carried  126  pounds  to  his  117,  Rataplan  being  third  with  117  pounds  also. 
This  has  always  raided  a  doubt  in  my  mind  as  to  whether  West  Australian  was  really 
a  first-class  horse  for,  had  they  run  at  the  present  scale  of  weight-for-age,  "The  West" 
and  Rataplan  would  have  carried  126  pounds  each  and  Kingston  129;  and  as  West 
Australian  barely  beat  Kingston  at  nine  pounds'  difference  of  weight,  it  is  very  evi- 
dent that,  under  the  present  scale,  Kingston  must  have  won  by  about  two  lengths. 
As  a  sire  West  Australian  was  a  signal  failure.  He  got  Summerside,  an  Oaks  win- 
ner, from  that  great  race-mare,  Ellerdale,  by  Lanercost,  who  produced  Ellington,  the 
Derby  winner  of  1856;  and  from  a  daughter  of  The  Cure  he  got  The  Wizard,  who. 
beat  the  Rap  and  Traducer  (afterwards  sire  of  Sir  Modred  and  Lurline)  and  twelve 
others  in  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas  of  1860  and  ran  second  to  Thormanby  in  the 
Derby.  And  it's  a  singular  thing  that  his  only  three  sons  of  any  merit  whatever,  as 
sires,  should  all  have  been  expatriated.  Solon  went  to  Ireland,  where  he  got  Barcal- 
dine  and  Arbitrator;  Ruy  Bias  was  sold  to  France,  where  he  got  several  great  ones; 
and  Millington,  afterwards  knowns  as  "imported  Australian,"  was  brought  to  this 
country,  where  he  got  such  cracks  as  Joe  Daniels,  Wildidle,  Rutherford,  Fellow-craft, 
Miser,  Mate,  Merodac  and  last  and  best  of  all,  Spendthrift,  who  is  the  only  native 
stallion  to  get  two  premier  sires — Kingston  and  Hastings — in  the  past  half-century.  If 
I  were  a  resident  of  Georgetown,  Ky.,  I  would  cheerfully  subscribe  $100  towards  a 
monument  to  be  erected  to  the  memory  of  Mr.  Keene  Richards,  who  imported  Aus- 
tralian from  England.  He  evidently  "builded  wiser  than  he  knew,"  for  six  grandsons 
of  Australian  won  big  races  in  England,  including  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger  of  1881. 
And  now,  having  followed  the  Matchem  line  into  the  middle  of  the  last  century,  I 
must  go  back  once  more  to  the  Eclipse  horses,  having  broken  off  at  Van  Tromp  in 


The  Modern  British  Thoroughbred  43 

1848.  The  following  year  saw  the  Flying  Dutchman,  who  was  by  Bay  Middleton  out 
of  Van  Tromp's  dam,  carry  off  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger;  and  had  he  been  nominated 
in  the  Two  Thousand  (won  by  Nunnykirk,  a  brother  to  Newminster)  he  must  have 
won  that,  too,  for  he  was  clearly  the  best  horse  of  that  year  by  ten  pounds.  The  fol- 
lowing year  saw  the  renaissance  of  Blacklock's  line  for  all  time. 

VOLTIGEUR,  a  small  brown  horse,  but  powerfully  built,  was  by  Voltaire  (second 
in  St.  Leger  of  1829  and  sire,  of  Charles  XII.,  who  won  that  event  in  1839)  out  of 
Martha  Lynn  by  Mulatto,  from  Leda  (sister  to  Arachne)  by  Filho  la  Puta.  Voltigeur 
was  own  brother  to  Barnton,  a  moderate  performer  best  known  as  the  sire  of  that 
great  cup  horse,  Fandango,  who  is  the  only  horse  in  history  to  win  the  Stockbridge, 
Ascot  and  Doncaster  Cups  in  one  season.  Voltigeur  was  owned  by  Lord  Zetland  and 
could  not  be  gotten  ready  for  the  Two  Thousand  so  his  owner  paid  forfeit  to  the 
winner,  Pitsford,  by  Epirus,  afterwards  sent  out  to  Australia.  Epsom  came  on  with 
her  glorious  vista  of  buttercups  and  daisies ;  and  the  little  brown  son  of  Martha  Lynn 
won  the  Derby,  with  Pitsford  second  and  Clincher  third,  in  a  field  of  twenty-four.  It 
was  a  heavy  betting  race  for  Bolingbroke  and  Pitsford  had  alternated  as  favorites 
during  the  past  winter,  while  Voltigeur  could  easily  have  been  had  at  100  to  8  within 
five  days  of  the  race.  At  Goodwood  and  Ascot,  "Volty"  did  not  start  in  any  actual 
race  but  walked  over  for  the  St.  James  Palace  Stakes.  Doncaster  came  on  in  Sem- 
tember  and  Ireland  sent  over  to  the  St.  Leger  the  best  colt  she  had  raised  since  the 
days  of  Faugh-a-Ballagh.  His  name  was  Russborough  and  he  was  from  the  same 
line  of  mares  that  produced  Tramp.  When  Voltigeur  came  on  the  track  the  whole 
Town  Moor  broke  out  into  a  frenzy  of  applause  for  he  was  the  first  Yorkshire-bred 
horse  to  win  the  Derby  in  several  years,  besides  which  the  popularity  of  the  Earl 
of  Zetland  was  almost  unbounded  among  the  tykes.  Voltigeur  was  ridden  by  El- 
nathan  Flatman,  who  also  had  ridden  him  in  the  Derby  and  Orlando  before  him.. 
"Nat"  rode  a  waiting  race  and,  on  passing  the  Red  House,  found  Russborough  and 
Bolingbroke  in  front  of  him,  so  he  put  on  all  steam  and  passed  Boling- 
broke, but  could  not  pass  the  Irish  colt,  who  hung  on  like  a  mother-in-law. 
The  judge  hung  out  two  cyphers  for  a  dead  heat,  but  Russborough  was  too  badly 
distressed  for  another  effort,  so  "Volti"  walked  over  for  the  stake. 

Two  days  later  came  the  deluge.  The  Doncaster  Cup  had  27  nominations,  but 
only  two  came  to  the  post,  "Volti,"  with  105  pounds  and  Flying  Dutchman,  with  124, 
who  had  won  the  Emperor  of  Russia's  Plate  at  Ascot  (then  substituted  for  the  Ascot 
Cup,  with  the  same  weights  and  distance)  in  such  hollow  style  that  the  bookmakers 
laid  2  to  i  that  he  would  win.  Charles  Marlow,  who  had  ridden  him  in  all  of  his 
races,  was  on  the  Dutchman's  back  and  was  ordered  by  Fobert,  the  trainer,  to  trail 
Voltigeur  to  the  Red  House  and  then  come  on.  There  were  a  lot  of  tally-ho  coaches 
and  drags  in  the  reserve  about  200  yards  above  the  finishing  post.  The  Earl  of 
Eglington  was  in  the  betting  ring,  but  as  the  pair  went  up  the  back  stretch,  his  wife 
called  to  Lady  Zetland  and  asked  her  if  she  could  see  the  horses? 

"Yes,  and  the  Dutchman  is  two  lengths  to  the  good,"  replied  Lady  Zetland. 

•'Then  Voltigeur  will  beat  him,"  replied  Lady  Eglinton,  "for  Dutchy  can  never 
make  his  own  running  and  I  know  that  Fobert  has  instructed  Marlowe  to  ride  a 
waiting  race  with  him." 

Her  ladyship  had  prognosticated  truly,  for  Voltigeur  won  by  two  lengths  and 
the  great  Flying  Dutchman  was  terribly  distressed.  Out  of  this  grew  the  most 
famous  match  of  the  past  seventy  years,  two  miles  at  weight  for  age,  only  to  be  run 
at  York,  instead  of  Doncaster.  The  stake  was  £2,500  a  side.  That  day  saw  Marlowe 
duly  sober  and  on  his  best  behavior.  He  held  the  "Deutcher"  back  for  a  mile  and  a 
half  and  then  let  him  come  with  his  typhoon  rush  that  no  other  horse  of  that  day 
could  equal.  He  won  by  three  lengths,  and  the -half  of  Yorkshire  went  "stone  broke," 
But  really,  there  was  never  a  day  nor  an  hour  that  Voltigeur  had  any  license  to  beat 


44  'The  American   Thoroughbred 

the  Dutchman,  whom,  for  reasons  already  given,  I  always  shall  believe  to  have  been 
a  better  horse  than  West  Australian  and  just  about  in  the  same  notch  with  Gladiateur, 
who  was  one  of  the  three  best  winners  of  the  triple  crown,  Ormonde  and  Isinglass 
being  the  other  two. 

I  read,  about  a  year  ago,  in  an  English  paper,  where  some  writer  spoke  of  "Volti" 
and  the  Dutchman  and  said  "It  is  a  most  fortunate  happening,  indeed,  that  while 
these  two  horses  were  rank  failures  in  the  stud,  their  blood  should  have  been  so 
admirably  united  as  to  produce  a  first-class  racehorse  and  a  phenomenal  sire  in  Galopin." 
I  do  not  agree  with  that  writer  that  these  two  stallions  were  in  anywise  "rank  failures" 
in  the  stud.  Considering  that  they  were  both  in  the  stud  simultaneously  with  Touch- 
stone, Melbourne  and  Birdcatcher,  three  of  the  ten  greatest  sires  in  the  nineteenth 
century,  though  they  were  much  younger  horses,  I  can  only  regard  their  success  as 
bordering  on  the  phenomenal,  for  Flying  Dutchman,  while  he  never  headed  the  list, 
was  sold  to  France  at  a  big  price,  previous  to  which  he  was  four  times  second  on  the 
list,  once  to  Orlando,  twice  to  Stockwell  and  once  to  Newminster,  who,  between  them, 
headed  the  list  for  an  aggregate  of  twelve  years.  You  certainly  cannot  call  any 
such  horse  as  that  a  failure.  Now  let  us  pass  on  to  the  little  brown  horse  from  the 
Zetland  stable.  Voltigeur's  best  year  was  in  1857  when  his  son  Vedette  won  the 
Two  Thousand  Guineas,  the  Doncaster  Cup  and  the  Great  Yorkshire  Stakes,  which 
placed  Voltigeur  fifth  on  the  list.  He  was  ninth  in  the  next  year  when  Vedette  won 
the  Doncaster  Cup  for  the  second  time,  the  Northumberland  Plate  and  the  Great 
Ebor  at  York.  My  own  belief  is  that  Vedette,  had  he  been  nominated  in  the  Derby 
and  St.  Leger  of  1857,  which  was  a  "mares  year,"  would  have,  won  both  those  classics, 
placing  himself  alongside  of  West  Australian ;  and  that  Blink  Bonny  and  Imperieuse 
would  never  have  been  heard  of,  save  as  winners  of  the  Oaks  and  One  Thousand 
Guineas,  respectively.  Voltigeur  died  at  Hampton  Court  at  the  ripe  age  of  27  years 
and  was  one  of  the  first  twelve  on  the  list  for  no  less  a  period  than  sixteen  seasons. 

Here  is  a  comparison  for  you : 


GOT    WINNERS    OF  — 

The  Doncaster  Cup              

VOLTIGEUR      STOCKWELL 

3                     i 

The  Ascot  Cup     .         

2                          2 

The  Great  Yorkshire  Stakes                              .  . 

4                     I 

The  Great  Ebor  Handicap 

3                   o 

The  Cesarewitch  Handicap                     

2                           2 

The  Chester  CUD   . 

I                           2 

15 

Of  course  Stockwell  got  17  classic  winners  to  Voltigeur's  i,  but  you  cannot  ignore 
a  horse  that  gets  winners  of  such  weight-for-age  as  the  Ascot  and  Doncaster  Cups 
and  the  Great  Yorkshire  Stakes,  the  latter  race  being  run  at  the  St.  Leger  weights 
and  distance.  Voltigeur  got  Sabreur,  Vedette,  Zetland  and  Skirmisher  as  winners 
of  this  race,  Sabreur  winning  the  Doncaster  Cup  once,  Vedette  twice  and  Skirmisher 
the  Ascot  Cup  at  three  years  old,  beating  Gemma  di  Vergy,  Saunterer,  Fisherman  and 
Arsenal.  How  any  sane  man  can  call  such  a  horse  as  Voltigeur  "a  failure  in  the  stud" 
after  such  a  showing  as  this,  passes  my  comprehension.  Skirmisher  was  also  a  full 
brother  to  the  Ranger,  the  first  horse  to  win  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  and  sire  of  the 
imported  horse  Ulrlan  who  won  the  Doncaster  Cup  in  1873.  I  hold  that  the  classic 
events  are  a  good  test  of  a  sire's  precreative  powers  but  far  from  infallible.  Nobody 
would  think  of  calling  Touchstone  a  failure,  would  he?  Yet  the  interesting  fact 
remains  that  Touchstone  never  got  a  winner  of  the  Doncaster,  Ascot  or  Goodwood 
Cups  nor  of  the  Queen's  Vase,  his  only  cup  winner  being  Vanity  who  won  the  Chester 
Cup  and  that  race  is  a  handicap  and  not  at  weight  for  age. 

In  a  similar  way  I  have  heard  men  say  Blair  Athol  was  a  failure  at  the  stud.     In 


The  Modern  British  Thoroughbred  45 

the  name  of  candor  if  Blair  Athol  was  a  failure  what  was  a  success?  Blair  Athol 
headed  the  list  for  four  seasons  and  was  four  times  second,  once  to  his  own  sire, 
Stockwell,  and  once  each  to  Thormanby,  Buccaneer  and  Lord  Clifden.  Stockwell  got 
St.  Albans  and  Doncaster,  both  of  which  reached  second  place  but  never  attained  the 
premiership;  and  he  also  got  Citadel,  Thunderbolt,  Ostreger,  Glenlyon,  Breadalbane, 
Gang  Forward,  Bothwell  and  a  dozen  other  good  sires  but  none  of  them  was  ever 
better  than  fifth ;  and  it  was  not  till  Galtee  More  won  "the  triple  crown"  in  1897,  that 
any  horse  whatever  from  Stockwell's  line,  outside  of  Blair  Athol,  attained  the  first 
honors  of  that  year  which  went  to  Kendal.  In  1899  Orme  was  premier  through  the 
victories  of  Flying  Fox,  that  being  the  second  time  the  male-line  of  Stockwell  was 
ahead  of  the  once  despised  line  of  Blacklock.  If  Blair  Athol  was  a  failure  after  four 
years  of  premiership  and  four  years  as  the  runner-up,  what  would  you  call  the  other 
sons  of  Stockwell  ?  Now  then,  having  disposed  of  "the  accursed  blood  of  Blacklock" 
up  to  the  middle  of  the  last  century,  let  me  hark  back  to  the  Eclipse  and  Herod  lines 
since  1834. 

Sultan  was  by  far  the  greatest  Herod  stallion  since  the  days  of  Sir  Peter,  one  of 
whose  sons  was  oultan's  maternal  grandsire.  Sultan  got  Bay  Middleton,  Derby  and 
St.  Leger  winner  in  1836  and  sire  of  the  Derby  winners  Flying  Dutchman  and  Andover, 
and  the  Two  Thousand  winner  of  1853,  The  Hermit.  This  horse,  not  to  be  confounded 
with  the  Newminster  horse  that  won  the  Derby  of  1867,  was  out  of  Jenny  Lind  by 
Touchstone  and  also  won  the  Royal  Vase  at  Ascot,  after  which  he  was  sold  to 
Australia.  Look  over  the  achievements  of  all  the  great  stallions  of  the  nineteenth 
century  and  you  will  agree  with  me  that  the  three  great  speed  sires  between  1820  and 
1870  were  Sultan,  Partisan  and  Orlando,  ranking  in  the  order  named.  Give  me  Bird- 
catcher,  Touchstone,  Melbourne,  Sultan,  Sweetmeat  and  Blacklock,  and  you  can  have 
all  the  rest  of  the  English  Stud  Book.  Sultan  is  the  only  stallion  in  history  to  get 
five  winners  of  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas,  run  over  the  Rowley  Mile.  Partisan  got 
just  one  great  stayer  in  his  whole  stud  career  of  seventeen  seasons,  the  big  and 
beautiful  Glaucus,  who  won  the  Ascot  Cup  at  2l/2  miles  at  2 :3O  P.  M.  and  the  Eclipse 
Foot,  3  miles,  at  4:15.  He  beat  Rockingham  and  Samarcand  in  the  former  race  and 
Consol  (afterwards  imported  to  America)  and  two  others  in  the  latter.  The  Eclipse 
Foot  was  an  ink  well  made  of  the  hoof  of  Eclipse,  shod  with  gold  and  set  upon  a 
neat  golden  salver.  I  have  heard  nothing  of  this  trophy  in  many  years. 

ORLANDO  bred  more  speed  than  any  other  son  of  Touchstone  and  his  preeminence 
as  a  sire — for  he  headed  the  list  for  three  seasons  against  Newminster's  two — was 
almost  entirely  due  to  the  short  races  won  by  his  get,  all  of  whom  came  to  hand  early. 
Orlando  got  4  winners  of  the  July  Stakes  and  3  of  the  New  Stakes,  but  none  of 
the  Champagne  Stakes  at  Doncaster,  run  at  a  full  mile  up  to  1870.  Touchstone  is  the 
only  horse  to  get  4  winners  of  the  Champagne  at  the  old  distance,  as  against  3  each 
for  Whisker,'  King  Tom  and  Flying  Dutchman ;  and  2  each  for  Partisan,  Sultan,  Bay 
Middleton  and  Stockwell.  Orlando  got  but  one  real  stayer,  Teddington,  a  little  polo 
pony,  that  won  the  Derby  and  Doncaster  Cup  at  three  and  defeated  Stockwell  in  the 
Emperor  of  Russia's  Cup  at  Ascot,  carrying  129  pounds  to  Stockwell's  126.  All  the 
rest  of  Orlando's  get  were  flashy,  notably  Fitz  Roland  and  Fazzoletto,  both  winners 
of  the  Two  Thousand.  Orlando  got  this  great  gift  of  speed  from  his  dam  Vulture  who 
was  a  marvel  of  speed  and  won  at  a  mile  with  136  pounds.  Vulture  was  sadly  deficient 
in  sire  blood  which  accounts  for  the  fact  that  Orlando  never  got  a  premier  sire  while 
Newminster  got  three — Hermit  for  seven  years  and  Lord  Clifden  and  Adventurer  for 
one  each.  Lord  Clifden's  branch  seems  now  to  be  the  strongest  of  the  three,  that  of 
Adventurer  having  dropped  away  down  and  now  in  a  fair  way  of  extinction. 

RATAPLAN,  brother  to  Stockwell  and  a  much  better  race  horse,  though  inferior  to 
him  as  a  sire,  demands  a  few  lines  of  space  right  here.  He  was  quite  as  heavy  aj 
horse  as  Stockwell  though  not  as  tall  and  had  such  tremendous  action  that  no  1 15- 
pound  boy  could  ride  him.  He  ran  third  to  West  Australian  and  The  Reiver  (brother 


46  The  American   Thoroughbred 

to  Hobbie  Noble  and  Elthiron)  in  the  St.  Leger  of  1853,  which  is  the  first  of  his 
performances  that  I  have  been  able  to  find;  and  in  the  following  year  with  117  pounds 
up  was  third  to  West  Australian  and  Kingston  in  the  Ascot  Gold  Cup.  Just  one  month 
previous  to  that  in  the  Manchester  Trades  Plate,  a  handicap,  Rataplan  carried  130 
pounds  and  won  cleverly.  Old  Tom  Parr  (the  man  who  "discovered"  Fisherman  five 
years  later)  declared  that  if  the  Ascot  Cup  could  have  been  run  with  130  pounds  on 
each,  so  he  could  have  gotten  a  "live  weight"  boy  to  ride  him,  Rataplan  would  have 
beaten  the  pair  of  them.  Rataplan  started  in  71  races,  of  which  62  were  above  two 
miles  and  he  won  42  limes  in  all,  not  going  to  the  stud  until  he  was  eight  years  old. 
Query,  did  that  not  lead  up,  very  materially,  to  the  fact  that  he  fell  far  below  his 
brother — and  his  half-brother,  King  Tom,  as  well,  for  that  matter — as  a  begetter  of 
great  performers? 

KING  TOM,  by  Harkaway  out  of  Pocahontas,  was  deficient  (through  his  sire,  of 
course)  in  sire  blood  and  that  is  why  I  understand  how  his  line  has  so  suddenly  grown 
weak  all  over  the  world.  But  when  both  were  alive,  King  Tom's  fillies  were  not  only 
stouter  than  his  sons  but  also  stouter  than  the  daughters  of  either  Stockwell  ort 
Rataplan.  King  Cole  (brother  to  King  Lud)  was  sent  to  New  Zealand  where  he  got 
Nelson,  who  raced  till  he  was  nine  years  old  and  won  seventeen  cups ;  and  got  many 
other  good  winners  but  no  good  sires.  In  this  country,  however,  the  sons  of  King 
Tom  were  more  successful,  consisting  of  the  following  good,  though  not  great  sires : 

PHAETON,  out  of  Merry  Sunshine  by  Storm,  from  a  daughter  of  Falstaff  (brother 
to  Phryne  and  Flatcatcher)  from  a  sister  to  Pompey  by  Emilius,  from  Variation  (Oaks 
winner  in  1834)  by  Bustard.  Sire  of  Ten  Broeck,  Aramis,  King  Alfonso  and  King 
Faro.  King  Alfonso  was  a  true  racehorse  while  Ten  Broeck  was  merely  a  watch- 
breaker  and  the  worst  exaggerated  horse  in  American  turf  history. 

KING  ERNEST,  out  of  Ernestine  by  Touchstone,  from  Lady  Geraldine  by  The 
Colonel.  This  horse  was  imported  by  the  late  David  D.  Withers  and  kept  at  Long 
Branch  as  a  private  stallion,  otherwise  he  might  have  gotten  a  great  many  more 
winners  than  he  did  for  he  bred  a  great  deal  of  class.  His  son  King  Eric  (who  died 
comparatively  young)  got  Prince  Lief,  Dick  Welles  and  Ort  Wells,  three  better  per- 
formers than  generally  come  from  one  sire. 

KING  BAN,  out  of  Atlantis  (sent  to  New  Zealand)  by  Thormanby,  from  Hurricane 
by  Wild  Dayrell,  from  Midia  by  Scutari.  This  horse  was  the  only  King  Tom  horse 
I  ever  heard  of  with  bad  legs  but  he  had  them,  even  if  he  did  belong  to  my  good 
friend  Barak  G.  Thomas,  whom  to  know  is  to  revere  and  love  for  all  that  is  upright 
and  manly.  King  Ban  got  Bamburg  that  won  the  Louisville  Cup  and  Ban  Fox,  a 
great  winner  in  the  colors  of  James  B.  Haggin.  He  also  got  King  Thomas,  the  only 
American  yearling  that  ever  brought  $38,000  at  public  vendue  but,  to  borrow  the 
language  of  Mr.  Kipyard  Rudling,  "that  is  another  story." 

GREAT  TOM,  a  big  and  coarse  chestnut  out  of  Woodcraft  by  Voltigeur  and  there- 
for'e  a  brother  to  the  Derby  winner,  Kingcraft,  was  imported  into  Tennessee  by 
General  W.  H.  Jackson  of  Belle  Meade.  He  was  barely  second-class  as  a  racehorse 
although  he  won  the  St.  James'  Palace  Stakes  at  three  years  old,  for  at  five  he  ran 
third  in  the  Champion  Stakes  to  Springfield  who  gave  him  a  year  and  thirteen  pounds. 
But  Jackson  made  no  mistake  in  the  importation  of  Great  Tom  for  his  mares  were 
all  light-boned  and  Great  Tom  had  timber  enough  under  him  for  a  cart-horse.  He 
got  the  dams  of  Proctor  Knott  and  about  fifty  other  great  performers  and  while  he 
was  a  great  broodmare  sire,  he  also  got  some  excellent  performers,  notably  Mr.  Chris 
Smith's  mare  Maid  Marian  and  Thackeray,  the  latter  (now  probably  forgotten)  beinj> 
the  only  horse  to  beat  the  famous  Miss  Woodford  at  three  years  old.  He  did  not 
get  so  good  a.  performer  as  either  King  Alfonso  or  Ten  Broeck  but  he  was,  through  his 
daughters,  a  much  more  useful  horse  in  a  general  way  than  any  other  son  of  King 
Tom  brought  to  these  United  States  of  ours. 


The  Modern  British   Thoroughbred  _/7 

The  general  decadence  of  King  Tom's  male-line,  for  it  is  much  stronger  here 
than  in  Europe  or  Australia ;  and  it  is  none  too  strong  here,  must  be  ascribed  solely 
to  the  lack  of  sire  blood  in  Harkaway;  and  yet,  Harkaway  and  Melbourne,  both  foaled 
in  1834,  had  more  crosses  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian  than  any  other  two  stallions  of 
their  day  and  generation.  We  all  know  that  Melbourne  was  a  great  sire  and  made 
the  most  vigorous  outcross  for  the  Touchstone  mares  of  any  stallion  in  all  Europe 
until  the  great  Stockwell  appeared  on  the  scene.  Within  the  past  two  years  another 
male-line  descendent  of  King  Tom  has  appeared  in  America  and  has  gotten  several 
good  performers,  after  having  been  sold  for  the  meager  price  of  $45.  His  name  is 
Free  Knight  and  he  is  by  Ten  Broeck  out  of  Belle  Knight  (dam  of  the  great  Freeland) 
by  Knighthood,  a  son  of  the  Knight  of  St.  George  who  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1854  at 
odds  of  12  to  i.  Free  Knight  is  the  sire  of  Elwood  who  won  the  Kentucky  and  Latonia 
Derbys  of  the  past  season,  together  with  several  good  horses  in  the  selling  plater 
class. 

The  Herod  horses  from  1830  to  1870,  were  of  very  light  timber  in  a  general  way. 
Ion,  a  good  and  consistent  horse,  for  he  ran  second  in  both  the  St.  Leger  and  the 
Derby  of  1838,  got  Wild  Dayrell,  the  Derby  winner  of  1835  and,  by  long  odds  the 
handsomest  horse  of  that  era.  Ion  was  barely  out  of  the  third  class  as  a  sire  in  his 
day,  but  right  now,  he  is  to  be  found  in  the  pedigrees  of  many  first-dlass  horses, 
through  St.  Simon  and  Hermit,  as  well  as  through  Buccaneer,  a  first-class  sire ;  Dan 
Godfrey,  a  good  son  of  the  exiled  Musket ;  Favo,  a  good  performer  and  equally  good 
sire ;  Herald,  winner  of  the  Steward's  Cup  at  Goodwood  and  eight  other  races ;  and 
Ocean  Wave,  Middlethorpe,  Pepper  and  Salt,  Petronel,  Philamnon,  Pirate  Chief, 
Timothy,  Torpedo,  Tristan,  and  the  flying  filly  Shotover,  the  third  filly,  in  one 
hundred  and  two  years,  to  win  the'Derby.  Wild  Dayrell  got  but  one  sire  of  any  real 
merit — Buccaneer — sire  of  that  great  racehorse  Kisber,  who  won  the  Derby  and 
Grand  Prix  of  1876;  Formosa,  the  wonderful  filly  of  1868,  who  won  the  Oaks,  One 
Thousand  Guineas,  St.  Leger,  also  dead-heating  Moslem  for  the  Two  Thousand 
and  last  but  far  from  least,  that  good  filly  Brigantine  who  won  the  Oaks  and  Ascot 
Cup  of  1869,  beating  both  Blue  Gown  and  Formosa,  the  Derby  and  Oaks  winner  of 
the  previous  year.  Outside  of  Kisber,  who  is  dealt  with  at  greater  length  in  the 
Austro-Hungarian  part  of  this  work,  Buccaneer  got  no  very  remarkable  sires.  Wild 
Oats,  by  Wild  Dayrell,  got  some  fairly  good  horses  in  England  and  his  son  Gozo  got 
two  winners  of  the  great  Melbourne  Cup  in  Australia. 

PYKRHUS  THE  FIRST,  by  Epirus  out  of  Fortress  by  Defence,  won  the  Derby  of 
1846  and  ran  third  in  the  St.  Leger  to  Sir  Tatton  Sykes.  He  is  hardly  recognized  as  a 
great  sire  in  England,  yet  he  got  one  of  the  greatest  three-year-old  fillies  in  history. 
She  was  called  Virago  and  was  out  of  Virginia  by  Rowton,  from  Pucelle  by  Muley, 
from  the  Oaks  winner  Medora  who  was  also  the  grand  dam  of  Ion.  Virago  won 
the  One  Thousand  Guineas  but  went  amiss  and  was  "scratched"  for  the  Oaks.  But 
for  this  she  made  amends  by  winning  the  City  and  Suburban  and  the  Great  Metropolitan 
at  Epsom,  less  than  two  hours  apart,  after  which  she  went  to  Goodwood  where  she 
won  the  cup  with  101  pounds,  Valeria,  of  her  own  age,  being  third  with  79.  Thence 
she  went  to  Doncaster  where  she  annexed  the  cup  with  102  pounds,  beating  the  great 
Kingston  who  carried  131,  it  being  at  weight-for-age.  Pyrrhus  the  First  got  also 
a  horse  called  Panmure  who  raced  in  Ireland  and  was  sold  to  go  to  China.  The  ship 
was  commanded  by  a  Captain  Snowden  and  the  horse's  name  was  changed  to  Snowden. 
Two  -"-ears  later  he  was  shipped  to  Australia  where  he  got  Suwarrow,  winner  of  the 
Victoria  Derby  and  Canterbury  Plate.  He  also  got  a  very  good  sire  calkd  Swiveller 
out  of  a  Yattendon  mare  and  Swiveller's  get  were  great  horses  in  long  distances. 
Epirus,  the  sire  of  Pyrrhus  the  First,  was  premier  sire  of  England  in  1850,  being 
just  /43  in  advance  of  Voltaire  who  got  Voltigeur,  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger  winner 


4.8  The  American   Thoroughbred 

yl  that  year.     Mr.  Allison  is  palpably  in  error  when  he  states  that  iryrrhus  the  First 
was  imported  into  America. 

Great  Herod  horses  began  to  be  scarce  about  that  time  but  in  1858  a  tall  and 
ragged-looking  three-year-old  made  his  appearance  and  won  the  Queen's  Vase  at 
Ascot,  carrying  off  the  Ascot  Cups  of  the  next  two  years  and  about  two  dozen  Royal 
Plates  varying  from  two  to  three  miles.  His  name  was  Fisherman  and  he  belonged 
to  a  Mr.  Starkey,  who  afterwards  sold  him  to  old  Tom  Parr.  Fisherman  was  by 
Heron  out  of  Mainbrace  by  Sheet  Anchor  (son  of  Lottery)  from  a  mare  by  Bay  Mid- 
dleton,  from  Nitocris  (sister  to  Memnon  (St.  Leger  1825)  from  Manuella  (Oaks  1812) 
from  Mandane,  the  dam  of  Lottery  aforesaid.  Fisherman  will  be  found  at  greater 
length  in  the  Australian  chapter  of  this  work. 

PHRYNE,  by  Touchstone  out  of  Decoy  by  Filho  da  Puta,  was  foaled  in  1840  and 
a  full  sister  to  Flatcatcher,  who  defeated  Surplice  in  the  Two  Thousand  of  1848  and  ran 
second  to  him  in  the  Derby.  Phryne  belonged  to  the  Marquis  of  Westminster,  who 
mated  her  four  times  with  Pantaloon,  producing  Elthiron,  The  Reiver,  The  Hobbie 
Noble  and  Windhound.  Elthiron  won  the  City  and  Suburban  and  was  sold  to  France ; 
The  Reiver  was  second  to  West  Australian  in  the  St.  Leger  of  1853;  The  Hobbie 
Noble  was  a  good  deal  the  best  two-year-old  of  1851  and  was  the  all-winter  favorite 
for  the  Derby  of  1852,  won  by  the  little  Irish  pony,  Daniel  O'Rourke,  by  Birdcatcher. 
I  have  no  performances  of  Windhound,  but  he  was  mated  with  Alice  Hawthorn  and 
was  undoubtedly  the  true  sire  of  Thormanby,  who  won  the  Derby  of  1860  in  which 
so  much  was  expected  of  the  American  colt,  Umpire,  by  Lecompte  out  of  .dice  Car- 
neal,  dam  of  Lexington.  I  say  this  because  I  was  told  that  Melbourne  (given  as  one 
of  the  two  sires  of  Thormanby)  got  no  foals  in  that  year  from  any  of  the  mares 
with  which  he  had  been  mated  singly. 

THORMANBY  was,  beyond  all  cavil,  the  best  horse  that  ever  came  from  the  male- 
line  of  the  beautiful  Pantaloon,  whom  Admiral  Rous  styled  "The  First  Gentleman  of 
Europe."  Thormanby  won  five  races  off  the  reel  at  two  years  old,  winning  the  Derby 
at  three,  but  was  defeated  by  St.  Alban's  (a  great  horse  with  an  unusually  bad  set  of 
legs  for  a  son  of  Stockwell)  in  the  Doncaster  St.  Leger.  In  the  next  year  Thormanby 
won  the  Ascot  Cup  at  weight-for-age,  the  three-year-old  Fairwater  being  second  and 
Parmesan  third.  A  month  later  came  the  Goodwood  Cup  for  which  Thormanby  was 
favorite  at  9  to  4.  He  carried  132  pounds,  The  Wizard  (winner  of  the  Two  Thousand 
and  second  to  Thormanby  in  the  Derby)  128,  while  Optimist,  winner  of  the  Ascot 
Stakes,  had  112,  and  Starke  (who  had  won  the  Goodwood  Stakes  of  the  year  before) 
had  only  122  and  he  six  years  old.  A  more  severe  race  was  never  run  at  Goodwood, 
Starke  winning  by  a  neck  from  The  Wizard,  with  Optimist  third  and  Thormanby  last. 
There  was  a  good  deal  of  crowing  over  this  event  in  the  American  papers  on  account 
of  two  American-bred  horses  running  first  and  third,  but  over  thirty  years  later,  I 
dined  with  Mr.  Richard  Ten  Broeck  as  a  guest  of  Hon.  Harry  Thornton,  the  Bayard 
of  the  California  turf.  In  the  course  of  conversation,  Col.  Thornton  was  speaking  of 
Starke's  victory  when  Mr.  Ten  Broeck  replied : 

"Well,  sir,  I  have  seen  a  good  many  races  and  I  have  seen  a  good  many  tired 
horses  after  the  races ;  and  Starke  was  the  worst  distressed  horse  I  ever  saw  in  my 
life.  Nothing  but  Fordham's  wonderful  riding  saved  him  for  the  Wizard  was  giving 
him  two  years  and  four  pounds  and  for  an  instant  it  looked  as  if  he  had  Starke 
beaten." 

Later  on,  somebody  said  something  about  Iroquois'  Derby  and  St.  Leger  victories 
and  Mr.  Ten  Broeck  said : 

"There  has  never  been  a  first-class  American  horse  sent  to  England  unless  Mr. 
Keene's  Foxhall  was  one.  If  Iroquois  had  struck  any  such  horses  as  Thormanby  and 
The  Wizard,  he  might  possibly  have  finished  third  but  no  better.  I  have  not  yet  taught 
myself  to  believe  that  Iroquois  was  any  better  horse  than  my  Umpire,  who  was  fourth 


'The  Modern  British   Thoroughbred  ^g 

in  Thormanby's  Derby.  Umpire  won  eighteen  races  in  England  and  Iroquois  won  nine 
out  of  thirteen;  and  any  man  who  will  take  the  trouble  to  read  up  the  race  for  the 
Citv  and  Suburban  of  1872,  in  which  Umpire,  a  year  older  than  Adventurer,  gave 
him  just  thirty  pounds  and  was  beaten  barely  a  neck,  will  arrive  at  the  conclusion  that 
if  ever  there  was  as  good  a  horse  as  Foxhall  sent  from  America  to  England,  it  was 
Umpire  and  not  Iroquois." 

So  you  can  see  what  Mr.  Ten  Broeck  thought  of  Thormanby,  who  not  only  won 
a  Derby  but  confirmed  it  by  winning  the  Ascot  Cup  a  year  later.  He  never  got  a  Derby 
nor  a  St.  Leger  winner  but  got  two  of  the  Two  Thousand  in  Charibert  and  Atlantic 
(the  latter  a  great  sire  in  France)  and  Hester,  a  winner  of  the  One  Thousand,  she 
being  out  of  Tomyris,  the  grand  dam  of  Prince  Charlie.  Mated  with  the  latter  horse, 
Hester  produced  Prince  Rudolph,  imported  into  British  Columbia  and  the  heaviest- 
boned  horse  that  ever  crossed  the  American  Continent.  (A  letter  dated  at  Victoria, 
B.  C,  on  the  29th  of  September,  from  Prince  Rudolph's  owner,  tells  me  that  the  old 
horse  broke  his  leg  on  the  Mallowmot  Farm  in  July  and  had  to  be  shot.  More's  the 
pity.) 

Thormanby  and  Buccaneer  must  therefore  be  put  down  as  the  only  really  good 
Herod  horses  in  the  British  stud  between  1850  and  1890.  Several  male-line  descend- 
ants of  the  Flying  Dutchman  proved  to  be  good  sires  in  that  period  but  they  were  all 
located  in  France.  One  of  them  was  Salvator,  brother  to  Salvanos,  a  French  horse 
that  won  the  Cesarewitch  Handicap  of  1872,  being  by  Dollar  (Goodwood  Cup  of  1864) 
out  of  Sauvagine  by  Ion,  from  Cuckoo  by  Elis.  He  had  three  Herod  crosses  straight 
on  each  side  of  him.  Salvator  is  the  only  horse  in  history  to  win  both  the  French 
Derby  and  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris ;  and  so  much  was  he  admired  by  English  breed- 
ers that  several  mares  were  sent  across  the  Channel  to  him.  One  of  these  was  Music 
by  Stockwell  out  of  One  Act  by  Annandale,  she  being  the  mare  which  beat  Fandango 
(by  Barnton)  a  neck  for  the  Chester  Cup  of  1856,  carrying  76  pounds  to  his  123.  From 
this  union  of  Salvator  with  Music  came  Ossian,  who  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1883,  with 
Chislehurst  second  and  Highland  Chief  third.  Ossian  was  sold  to  J.  B.  Ferguson,  of 
Lexington,  Ky.,  but  the  steamer  encountered  very  heavy  weather  on  the  passage  over 
and  Ossian  died  of  exhaustion  before  the  voyage  was  completed. 

I  have  mentioned  "Old  Tom"  Parr  several  times  as  I  went  along  in  this  work.  He 
was  a  peculiar  and  a  clear-cut  character  being,  like  many  good  trainers  I  have  known 
in  America,  a  man  of  next  to  no  education  at  all.  He  was  owner  of  such  great  cup  horses 
as  Rataplan,  Fisherman  and  Fandango,  winning  the  Ascot,  Stockbridge  and  Doncaster 
Cups  all  in  one  season  with  the  latter  horse,  all  of  which  were  discoveries  of  his  save 
the  first  named,  which  he  purchased  from  the  estate  of  Samuel  Thelluson,  deceased. 
Mr.  Parr  also  won  the  St.  Leger  with  Saucebox,  although  Rifleman  was  clearly  the 
best  horse  in  the  race  and  would  have  won  but  for  a  vexatious  delay  at  the  post.  Parr 
had  a  mania  for  betting  and,  in  spite  of  his  enormous  winnings,  was  always  more  or 
less  in  debt  to  the  "bookies."  At  last  he  became  "a  back  number"  and  his  friends  fell 
away  from  him.  At  the  age  of  79  he  was  committed  to  a  workhouse  in  Staffordshire, 
where  he  died  at  the  age  of  94.  A  few  hours  before  his  death  he  was  telling  some  of 
the  other  inmates  about  the  Chester  Cup  race  wherein  One  Act  beat  Fandango  at  his 
enormous  concession  of  weight ;  and  laughing  as  heartily  as  if  the  race  had  made  him 
a  millionaire  instead  of  starting  him  "over  the  hills  to  the  poorhouse,"  for  he  never 
recovered  from  the  effects  of  that  race. 

Thormanby  got  but  few  good  sires,  Atlantic  being  the  best.  He  was  sent  to  France 
while  Glengarry,  who  won  the  Prince  of  Wales'  Stakes  at  Ascot,  was  imported  into 
Tennessee,  where  he  got  some  fairly  good  horses  like  Greenland,  who  won  the  Metro- 
politan Handicap  at  Jerome  Park  when  it  was  two  miles.  England  seems  to  have  been 
singularly  unlucky  about  selling  great  sires.  She  sold  to  the  United  States,  Glencoe, 
the  best  son  of  Sultan ;  to  France  she  sold  Gladiator,  who,  as  a  stud  horse,  was  worth 


5<?  The  American   Thoroughbred 

all  the  other  sons  of  Partisan  in  one  lot;  to  Australia  she  sold  Musket,  the  only  son  of 
Toxophilite,  that  was  worth  the  price  of  his  halter,  as  a  sire;  to  America  she  sold 
Leamington,  the  only  half-way  decent  sire  that  Faugh-a-Ballagh  ever  got;  and  to 
Austro-Hungary  she  sold  Buccaneer,  who  not  only  got  those  two  great  fillies,  Formosa 
and  Brigantine,  but  also  got  Kisber,  who  won  the  Derby  and  was  pronounced  at  least 
seven  pounds  better  than  Petrarch,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand"  Guineas  and  St. 
Leger  at  three  years  and  the  Ascot  Cup  at  four. 

Right  here  comes  the  proper  place  to  devote  space  to  what  I  believe  to  have  been 
the  greatest  sire  the  world  has  ever  seen — Stockwell  by  The  Baron  out  of  Pocahontas 
by  Glencoe.  He  was  bred  by  a  Mr.  Theobalds  (pronounced  "Tebbals")  of  Stockwell 
and  that  is  how  he  got  his  name.  He  was  sold  to  the  Marquis  of  Exeter,  in  whose 
colors  he  won  the  Two  Thousand  and  the  St.  Leger ;  and  would  probably  have  won 
the  Derby  but  for  the  heavy  rain  and  slippery  track.  Stockwell  really  was  not  much  of 
a  racehorse  or  a  littly  pony  like  Teddington  could  not  have  beaten  him  at  two-and-a- 
half  miles  with  weight-for-age,  carrying  131  pounds  to  Stockwell's  126;  and  he  never 
on  earth  could  have  equaled  the  races  won  by  his  brother  Rataplan,  who,  like  Charles 
XII.  and  Lanercost,  was  literally  raced  to  death.  But  as  a  sire  Stockwell  has  no 
parallel  for  several  reasons.  I  suppose  people  will  say  that  St.  Simon  is  a  greater 
one  than  Stockwell  because  he  headed  the  list  nine  times  to  Stockwell's  seven,  but  you 
might  as  well  say  Hermit  was  as  good  as  Stockwell  because  he  also  held  the  premier- 
ship for  seven  years,  whereas  the  get  of  Hermit,  although  racing  prizes  had  increased 
greatly  since  Stockwell's  time,  did  not  come  within  £60,000  of  winning  what  Stock- 
well's  get  had  won.  As  for  St.  Simon,  a  cross  of  Stockwell — or  of  his  brother,  Rata- 
plan— is  to  be  found  in  nearly  all  the  best  St.  Simon  horses.  I  place  Stockwell  above 
all  other  sires  for  the  following  wTell-defined  reasons : 

1.  Because   he   is   the   only   stallion   to   get   six    Leger   winners,    as   against    four 
each  for  Sir  Peter,  Lord  Clifden  and  St.  Simon. 

2.  Because  he  is  the  only  one  to  get  all  three  placed  horses  in  a  Derby   (1866), 
to-wit :     Lord  Lyon  first,  Savernake  second  and  Rustic  third. 

3.  Because  he  is  the  only  stallion  to   get  all   three  placed  horses   in   the    Two 
Thousand  Guineas   (1862),  to-wit:     The  Mnrquis,  Caterer  and  Knowsley. 

4.  Because  he  is  the  only  stallion  to  get  the  winners,  of  over  £61,000  in  a  single 
season  (1866)  and  that  in  a  period  when  there  was  no  such  a  thing  as  a  £10,000  race 
in  England.     St.  Simon,  in  his  best  year,  was  over  £1000  behind  Stockwell's  best  year, 
although  racing  prizes  in  England  are  now  worth  nearly  four  times  what  they  were  in 
Stockwell's  day. 

5.  Because  he  got  three  Derby  winners  to  St.  Simon's  two.     Of  course  St.  Simon 
leads  him  and  all  others  in  the  way  of  Oaks  winners,  having  5  to  3  for  Melbourne, 
King  Tom,  Priam  and  Waxy.     But  that  is  because  his  fillies  are  stouter   than   his 
colts.    It  is  a  matter  of  history  that  St.  Simon  h<*d  two  winners  of  the  Oaks  and  three 
of  the '  One  Thousand  Guineas  before  he  got  one  really  first-class  colt — Persimmon. 

We  imported  several  sons  of  Stockwell  into  this  country,  but  only  one  of  them — 
the  unlucky  Glenlyon — was  of  the  least  actual  benefit.  Canwell,  out  of  May  Bell ; 
Hillsborough,  out  of  the  Lanercost  mare  imported  by  Mr.  Keene  Richards ;  and  Stock- 
dale,  imported  into  Canada  about  the  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War,  were  about  as  trashy 
a  lot  as  could  well  be  imagined.  The  six  sons  of  Stockwell  that  Australia  got  were 
horses  worth  having,  especially  Ace  of  Clubs  and  Countryman,  the  latter  being  a  full 
brother  to  Rustic,  who  ran  third  to  Lord  Lyon  in  the  Derby  and  defeated  him  in  the 
Grand  Duke  Michael  Stakes.  And  as  if  nothing  but  bad  luck  was  to  be  America's 
portion  in  this  matter  of  Stockwell  horses,  Glenlyon  had  to  lie  down  and  die  at  the 
end  of  his  first  season.  He  was  by  Stockwell  out  of  Glengowrie  by  Touchstone,  out 
of  Glencairne  (own  sister  to  Glencoe)  by  Sultan.  I  never  heard  of  a  better-bred 
horse  than  he. 


'The  Modern  British  Thoroughbred  57 

RATAPLAN,  Stockwell's  younger  brother,  was  a  good  sire  though  hardly  a  great 
one.  He  got  Kettledrum,  who  won  the  Derby  and  Doncaster  Cup  and  lost  the  St» 
Leger  by 'nothing  but  careless  riding.  He  also  got  The  Miner  out  of  Manganese  by 
Birdcatcher  (paternal  grandsire  of  Rataplan,  mark  you)  from  Loup  Garou's  dam;  and 
it  was  The  Miner  that  beat  Blair  Athol  in  the  Great  Yorkshire  Stakes.  I  have  heard 
men  say  the  Great  Yorkshire  is  not  any  great  race,  but  it  is  run  at  the  St.  Leger 
weights  and  distance ;  and  as  it  seldom  has  less  than  a  dozen  starters  for  it,  you 
may  reasonably  infer  that  the  Great  Yorkshire  is  a  fair  test  of  a  horse's  powers,  be- 
cause Stockwell  and  many  other  good  horses  are  enrolled  among  its  winners.  Rata- 
plan also  got  Elland,  winner  of  the  Queen's  Vase  and  four  other  cups  in  one  season ; 
and  he  got  the  little  Drummer,  who  ran  third  in  the  Derby  and  won  the  Great  Metro- 
politan in  Pretender's  year.  The  Drummer  was  sent  to  Australia  and  died  at  Mr. 
Frank  Reynolds'  place  on  the  Paterson  river.  Rataplan  is  one  of  the  world's  greatest 
broodmare  sires,  however,  and  while  his  daughters  have  not  dropped  as  many  winners 
as  those  of  Stockwell  and  King  Tom,  they  have  undoubtedly  given  to  the  world  a 
stouter  and  more  serviceable  type  of  horses. 

You  will  see  a  fine  bit  of  in-breeding  in  the  Australian  horse  King  of  the  Ring, 
by  the  Ace  of  Clubs,  just  above  mentioned.  King  of  the  Ring's  dam  was  Rose  de 
Florence  by  Flying  Dutchman,  from  Boarding  School  Miss  by  Plenipotentiary,  from 
Marpessa  by  Muley ;  and  Marpessa  was  the  great  dam  of  Stockwell,  the  paternal 
grandsire  of  King  of  the  Ring.  That's  the  kind  of  in-breeding  that  is  most  desirable, 
for  nothing  could  be  bred  further  away  from  a  horse  than  The  Dutchman  and  Plenipo 
were  bred  away  from  Stockwell ;  and  Ace  of  Clubs'  dam  was  bred  still  further  away 
from  all  of  them.  Such  in-breeding  as  that  is  always  proper  and  should  be  tried 
whenever  it  can  be  made  practicable. 

BLAIR  ATHOL  was  by  long  odds  the  best  son  of  Stockwell,  being  the  only  one  to 
head  the  list  at  all,  which  he  did  for  four  seasons.  St.  Alban's  came  next,  having  been 
second  for  four  years  and  third  for  two.  He  was  one  of  the  few  Stockwell  horses 
that  had  bad  forelegs  for  if  any  Eclipse  horse  approached  Melbourne  in  the  matter 
of  bone,  it  was  Stockwell.  St.  Alban's  was  a  great  racehorse  and  won  the  Chester  Cup, 
Great  Metropolitan  and  St.  Leger  at  three  years  old.  He  was  tried  again  at  four  but 
broke  down  just  before  the  Ascot  meeting.  St.  Alban's  got  Springfield,  the  best 
weight-for-age  horse  of  his  day  and  Springfield  got  Sanfoin  and  Watercress,  the  latter 
being  as  good  a  sire  as  can  be  found  in  America  today.  Savernake  was  full  brother 
to  St.  Alban's  and  was  second  in  both  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger  of  1866  to  that  lucky 
horse,  Lord  Lyon ;  and  distance  (who  rode  the  latter  horse  in  all  his  races,  as  well  as 
Thormanby  and  George  Frederick)  told  me,  in  England,  in  1901,  that  Savernake  was 
a  slow  horse  to  get  away  and  that  had  he  been  one  of  the  first  four  to  leave  the  post 
he  must  have  beaten  Lord  Lyon,  whom  Custance  did  not  consider  so  good  a  horse  as 
Thormanby  or  even  his  own  sister,  Achievement.  Lord  Lyon  was  never  very  prominent 
as  a  sire,  his  best — by  a  long  way — being  Minting,  who  ran  second  to  Ormonde  in  the 
Two  Thousand  and  afterwards  won  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  in  very  hollow  style. 
Doncaster  must  rank  as  the  third  best  horse  of  Stockwell's  get  for  he  won  the  Derby  at 
three,  the  Goodwood  Cup  and  Alexander  Plate  at  four  and  the  Ascot  Cup  at  five  with 
129  pounds.  At  seven  years  old  Doncaster  was  sold  to  go  to  Hungary;  and  that 
is  where  he  begat  that  mare  Ira  that  was  imported  into  the  United  States  by  my  life- 
long friend,  Simeon  G.  Reed,  now  deceased. 

THUNDERBOLT  was  undoubtedly  the  fastest  horse  Stockwell  ever  got  and  no  horse  in 
Europe  could  beat  him  at  six  or  seven  furlongs,  with  from  125  to  135  pounds  on  each. 
He  was  out  of  Cordelia  by  Red  Deer,  from  Emilia  (imported  to  America  by  the  late 
A.  Keene  Richards  and  dam  of  imported  Australian,  the  nearest  thing  to  a  "double- 
liner"  that  we  ever  had)  by  Young  Emilius,  from  Perisian  by  Whisker.  Thunder- 
bolt got  Thunder  and  Tonans,  both  great  performers.  Thunder  won  the  City  and 


$2  The  American   Thoroughbred 

Suburban  Handicap  and  Epsom  with  130  pounds ;  the  Craven  Stakes  at  Goodwood ;  the 
Queen's  Vase  at  Ascot  with  129  pounds ;  arid  the  Craven  Stakes  at  Epsom,  six  fur- 
longs, with  152  pounds,  and  twenty  other  races  of  less  general  importance.  Thun- 
derbolt got  Krakatoa,  sold  to  France  and  he,  in  turn,  was  sold  to  Hungarian  owners 
who  bred  from  him  that  speed-marvel,  Dolma  Baghtske,  that  defeated  Matchbox  in 
the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris,  at  odds  of  40  to  I.  This  horse  will  be  found  at  greater 
length  in  the  Austro-Hungarian  portion  of  this  book. 

BREADALBANE,  brother  to  Blair  Athol,  was  a  very  inferior  performer,  but,  as  the 
sire  of  The  111  Used,  imported  by  the  elder  Belmont,  he  certainly  is  of  interest  to  the 
American  breeders.  He  was  foaled  the  property  of  Mr.  William  1'Anson,  who  also 
bred  his  dam  and  his  brother ;  and  was,  if  anything,  the  more  racy-cut  colt  of  the  two. 
He  won  the  Prince  of  Wales'  Stakes  at  Ascot,  an  event  in  which  the  owner  of  the 
mighty  Gladiateur  had  neglected  to  enter  him,  but  in  the  Derby,  Two  Thousand  and, 
St.  Leger  he  ran  unplaced,  if  at  all.  In  the  following  year  he  started  against  the 
ragged  Parley-vous  and  the  Oaks  winner  of  the  previous  year,  Regalia,  later  on  the 
dam  of  Verneuil,  by  Mortemer,  the  only  horse  to  win  the  Ascot  Cup,  Queen's  Gold 
Vase  and  Alexandra  Plate,  all  in  one  week.  After  being  nursed  so  carefully  in  the 
descent  of  the  hill  that  he  was  over  400  yards  behind  when  he  struck  the  flat,  the 
greatest  horse  that  France  ever  saw,  came  on  with  a  cyclone  rush  and  won  by  forty 
lengths  from  Regalia  who  was  ten  more  in  front  of  Breadalbane.  The  latter  colt,  in 
spite  of  his  brotherhood  to  Blair  Athol,  could  not  have  been  much  in  favor  with  Brit- 
ish breeders,  as  I  only  find  him  in  the  pedigrees  of  Friar's  Balsam  and  Brilliant,  a  son 
of  John  Davis,  he  by  Voltigeur. 

LORD  LYON  was,  as  I  have  said  before,  a  very  lucky  horse,  especially  so  to  win  the 
"triple  crown."  His  other  performances  were  very  mediocre,  being  beaten  in  the 
Grand  Duke  Michael  Stakes  by  Rustic,  whose  dam  was  Village  Lass  by  Pyrrhus  I.  Lord 
Lyon's  two  best  sons  were  Minting,  who  ran  second  to  Ormonde  in  the  Two  Thousand 
and,  being  scratched  for  the  Derby,  went  over  to  France  and  won  the  Grand  Prix  de 
Paris  in  a  field  of  nine  starters,  his  price  being  even  money.  Lord  Lyon  also  got 
Touchet,  a  noted  winner  and  a  fairly  good  sire.  One  of  his  sisters,  the  lanky  and 
slab-sided  Achievement,  won  every  one  of  her  two-year-old  engagements,  and  the  One 
Thousand  Guineas  and  St.  Leger  at  three  (running  second  to  Hippia  in  the  Oaks)  and 
won  the  Doncaster  Cup  at  four  in  which  she  beat  the  great  Hermit  with  ease  and 
Tynedale  as  well.  Another  sister  to  Lord  Lyon  was  Chevisaunce,  which  was  never 
raced.  Mated  with  Lord  Clifden,  she  produced  that  flying  filly  Jannette,  the  pride  of 
Lord  Falmouth's  heart,  for  she  won  the  Oaks  and  St.  Leger  at  three  and  galloped  over 
a  good  field  for  the  Jockey  Club  Cup  at  four,  being  second  to  Pilgrimage  (afterwards 
dam  of  Jeddah,  the  Derby  winner  and  Canterbury  Pilgrim,  winner  of  the  Oaks)  in  the 
One  Thousand  Guineas  and  second  to  Isonomy  in  the  Doncaster  Cup  with  Glendale 
third. 

It  is  about  time  that  I  was  saying  something  about  the  Oxford  branch  of  Bird- 
catcher's  line.  Oxford  was  foaled  in  1855,  his  dam  being  Honey  Dear  by  Plenipoten- 
tiary, out  of  My  Dear  by  Bay  Middleton,  from  Miss  Letty, -Oaks  winner  of  1837  and 
dam  of  Weatherbit,  by  Priam.  I  have  at  hand  no  record  of  his  races  but  he  hap- 
pened in  luckily  for  his  sire  died  when  Oxford  was  four  and  The  Baron,  Birdcatcher's 
best  son,  had  already  been  sold  to  France.  Now  there  were  three  other  sons  of  Bird- 
catcher,  one  the  Derby  winner  Daniel  O'Rouke;  and  the  other  two  were  Warlock  and 
Knight  of  St.  George,  both  St.  Leger  winners,  but  about  that  time  along  came  Mr.  Rich- 
ards of  Kentucky  and  purchased  the  latter  horse  who  had  more  of  the  blood  of  Sir 
Hercules  in  him  than  any  other  horse  of  that  era.  Oxford  has  been  described  to  me 
as  the  best-boned  and  the  best  tempered  horse  that  Birdcatcher  ever  got,  for  Saunterer 
and  Rory  O'More  were  perfect  devils.  Therefore  it  is  easy  to  see  why  Oxford  should 
have  been  selected  as  the  breeders'  favorite  over  these  horses,  more  especially  as 


'The  Modern  British  Thoroughbred  5j> 

Womersly,  whose  dam  had  produced  one  winner  each  of  the  Oaks  and  St.  Leger,  had 
been  sold  to  France.  The  consequence  was  that  Oxford  got  them  a  grand  type  of 
horses  with  legs  like  marble  pillars.  Among  them  were  Chandos  and  Wilberforce,  both 
sent  to  Australia ;  and  Sterling  and  Standard,  full  brothers,  as  well  as  Nuneham  and 
Plaiyfair ;  the  latter  a  winner  of  the  Cambridgeshire,  while  Nuneham's  fee  was  £50  in 
1883,  which  is  all  I  know  about  him.  Standard  got  Hambledon,  who  was  quite  a  fine 
race  horse  and  won  the  Doncaster  Cup.  As  for  Sterling,  he  needs  mention  at  greater 
length. 

STERLING  was  bred  in  the  Yardley  Stud  by  Mr.  Graham  and  raced  indifferently  at 
three  years,  not  having  been  trained  at  two.  He  was  even  a  larger  horse  than  his  sire 
and  a  rich  brown  in  color.  He  won  the  Liverpool  Cup  and  several  other  races  at  four, 
but  if  he  was  good  in  victory,  he  was  still  grander  in  defeat.  He  had  such  a  burst 
of  speed  that  he  was  deemed  dangerous  in  a  short  race  like  the  Cambridgeshire,  even 
at  three  years  old  so  they  stuck  123  pounds,  with  which  he  was  beaten  a  neck  by 
Sabinus,  a  well-grown  four-year-old  carrying  119,  so  he  was  giving  him  17  pounds  by 
the  English  scale.  .  He  was  five  years  old  when  he  started  again  in  the  same  race  with 
133,  being  beaten  two  heads  by  the  French  horse  Montargis,  six  years,  HI  pounds,  and 
the  three-year-old  Walnut  with  92.  He  won  the  Liverpool  Autumn  Cup  and  several 
other  good  races,  but  destiny  reserved  for  him  the  honor  of  becoming  a  great  sire.  He 
got  one  winner  of  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris,  three  of  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas,  one 
each  of  the  Doncaster  Cup  and  Cambridgeshire  and  three  of  the  Ascot  Gold  Cup,  be- 
ing the  only  horse  since  Camel,  foaled  in  1822,  to  achieve  that  distinction.  Several 
sons  of  Sterling  and  one  or  two  male-line  grandsons  have  been  imported  to  America, 
the  best  being  Topgallant,  originally  imported  into  Canada  but  redeemed  from  unde- 
served obscurity  by  John  B.  Ewing,  Esq.,  then  a  resident  of  Nashville,  Tenn.,  but  now 
domiciled  in  the  heart  of  the  Blue  Grass  Region.  The  next  best  is  Atheling,  owned 
by  the  Clyde  Bros.,  of  Philadelphia,  sire  of  Short  Hose  and  Bryn  Mawr.  Loyalist, 
brother  to  Paradox,  is  as  good  as  any  of  the  rest.  Sterling  died  without  any  appar- 
ent symptoms  of  illness  and  so  did  his  great  son  Isonomy,  a  few  years  later.  I  regard 
Isonomy  as  one  of  the  greatest  performers,  as  well  as  sires,  that  ever  lived.  The  mere 
fact  that  Parole  beat  him  in  the  Newmarket  Handicap  counts  for  nothing  with  me. 
You  can  handicap  Eclipse  till  a  jackass  can  beat  him  and  Parole  was  never  a  first- 
class  horse,  one  hour  of  his  life.  I  know  of  instances  in  other  years  where  leather- 
flappers  beat  great  horses.  Passenger  beat  Fashion  at  four  miles  and  so  did  Wilton 
Brown  defeat  Boston ;  Thackeray  beat  Miss  Woodford ;  Thad  Stevens  beat  Joe  Dan- 
iels at  the  Ocean  House,  the  worst  robbing  race  ever  run  in  America;  and  Congaree 
beat  Fanny  Washington. 

Isonomy's  career  in  the  stud  proved  him  to  have  been  a  great  sire  for  he  is  the 
only  horse  in  history  whose  get  won  over  £42,000  in  a  single  season  without  placing 
him  at  the  head  of  the  winning  sires.  This  was  in  1893  when  his  son  Isinglass  won 
-the  "triple  crown"  and  in  that  year  the  great  St.  Simon  beat  him  just  £37.  Isonomy 
is  the  only  sire  on  record  with  two  "triple  crown"  winners,  Common,  who  won  it  in 
1891,  being  the  other.  But  neither  Common  nor  Isinglass  has  as  yet  gotten  a  single 
classic  winner.  Other  sons  of  Isonomy  have  done  better.  Janissary,  out  of  Jean- 
nette  by  Lord  Clifden,  got  Jeddah,  the  Derby  winner  of  1898;  and  Gallinule,  out  of 
Moorhen  by  Hermit  will  be  England's  premier  sire  by  at  least  £2000  majority  at  the 
close  of  the  current  year.  Gallinule  got  Wiidfowler,  St.  Leger  of  1898,  and  Pretty 
Polly,  winner  of  the  Oaks,  One  Thousand  Guineas  and  St.  Leger,  besides  eleven  other 
races  of  less  import,  without  one  single  defeat.  Pretty  Polly  is  just  as  far  ahead  of 
Sceptre  as  Sceptre  was  ahead  of  Crucifix  or  Crucifix  ahead  of  anything  else.  Isonomy's 
reputation  does  not  rest  alone  on  Common  and  Isinglass,  for  he  also  got  that  great 
filly  Sea  Breeze,  who  won  the  Oaks  and  St.  Leger  of  1888,  beating  the  Derby  winner 
of  that  year,  Ayrshire,  in  the  latter  race;  and  Sea  Breeze  was  one  of  only  five  mares 


5-/  'The  American   Thoroughbred 

in  fifty-four  years  to  win  the  Coronation  Stakes. at  Ascot  as  well  as  the  Oaks  at  Epsom, 
her  entire  winnings  for  that  season  being  £20,144.  Isonomy  was  also  the  sire  of  Isling- 
ton, full  brother  to  Isinglass,  who  stood  two  seasons  in  California  and  got  that  great 
handicap  horse,  Kinley  Mack.  The  fact  that  Islington  was  allowed  to  leave  California 
for  the  want  of  patronage  does  not  say  much  for  the  intelligence  of  the  breeders 
in  this  state.  Mr.  Haggin  has  Kinley  Mack  at  his  Elmendorf  Stud  in  Kentucky  and 
could  have  gotten  Islington  at  about  one-half  of  what  he  paid  for  his  distinguished 
son.  Bruce  Lowe  was  here  at  the  time  and  he  "turned  down"  Islington,  or  Mr. 
Simeon  G.  Reed  would  have  bought  him  to  replace  Martenhurst,  who  had  just  died 
here;  and  this,  too,  in  the  face  that  Islington  was  of  the  No.  3  family,  tracing  back  to 
the  Byerly  Turk  mare  that  produced  the  two  True  Blues.  The  daughters  of  Isonomy 
are  breeding  splendidly  all  over  the  world  and  the  Oxford  line  of  Birdcatcher  is,  for  the 
time  being,  ahead  of  all  others  by  a  broad  margin.  So  far  as  importations  of  this  line 
into  America  are  concerned,  Topgallant  was  far-and-away  the  best  son  of  Sterling ;  and 
Hermence,  the  only  son  of  Isonomy  worthy  of  any  mention  whatever,  now  that  Isling- 
ton has  been  sent  back  to  England.  If  Hermence  had  gotten  nothing  but  Hermis,  that 
alone  should  be  enough  to  make  him  world-famous. 

Galopin  and  St.  Simon  have  occupied  the  center  of  the  stage  for  fourteen  years  out 
of  the  past  seventeen,  St.  Simon  being  premier  for  nine  years,  Galopin  for  three  and 
Persimmon  and  St.  Frusquin  for  one  year  each.  Galopin  is  the  only  sire  to  head  the 
list  at  twenty-five  years,  as  against  twenty-four  for  Touchstone  and  twenty-three  for 
Melbourne ;  and  now  at  twenty-three  St.  Simon  is  second  on  the  list  with  more  money 
to  his  credit  than  Galopin  had  in  his  last  year  of  premiership ;  and  that,  too,  with  at  least 
six  weeks  more  before  the  season  is  finished.  The  most  remarkable  part  of  the  whole 
business  is  that  St.  Simon  has  not  a  single  classic  winner  to  his  credit,  this  year,  while 
the  large  sum  of  money  written  opposite  the  name  of  Gallinule  is  almost  exclusively 
the  earnings  of  his  wonderful  daughter,  Pretty  Polly.  We  had  about  the  same  condi- 
tion of  affairs  in  America  in  1893  when  Himyar  led  all  other  stallions  by  nearly _$8o,ooo, 
and  it  was  all  due  to  the  winnings  of  one  colt,  the  big  and  beautiful  Domino,  who  goes 
down  to  history  as  the  only  American  stallion  to  get  a  winner  of  the  Oaks  at  Epsom. 
Galopin's  success  was  a  very  strong  argument  in  favor  of  in-breeding,  for  his  dam  was 
by  Flying  Dutchman,  a  No.  3  horse,  out  of  a  No.  3  mare,  Merope,  by  Voltaire.  Of 
course,  while  the  Dutchman  and  Merope  each  traced  to  the  Byerly  Turk  mare  that 
produced  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues,  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  all  other 
crosses  were  entirely  dissimilar,  as  was  also  the  case  in  the  pedigree  of  Chester  and 
Sir  Modred,  cited  by  me  in  the  Australian  division  of  this  volume. 

Mr.  Allison  in  1901  gave  me  his  belief  that  England  was  virtually  at  the  end  of 
her  tether,  so  far  as  breeding  from  Eclipse  stallions  is  concerned.  First  it  was 
Touchstone  on  Whisker;  next  Stockwell  (and  Rataplan,  his  brother)  on  Touchstone; 
then  Newminster  and  Hermit  on  Stockwell;  then  Galopin  and  St.  Simon  on  Hermit 
and  Lord  Clifden,  also  by  Newminster.  The  male-line  of  Catton,  Muley  and  Emilius 
now  being  wholly  extinct,  with  that  of  Tramp  so  weak  that  it  can  barely  stand  alone, 
there  seems  to  be  no  other  recourse  open  to  British  breeders  but  to  go  back  to  Herod's 
line  for  sires.  Matchenvs  line  in  England  has  been  their  only  outcross  for  the  last 
fifteen  years,  through  Barcaldine,  Kilwarlin,  Morion  and  Winkfield;  and  in  a  list  of 
stallions  registered  in  Mr.  Joseph  Osborne's  book  for  1896  I  found  only  three  Herod 
horses  out  of  a  total  of  eighty-seven.  That  they  are  already  in  need  of  Herod  stal- 
lions in  England,  cannot  be  denied,  but  whence  will  they  be  shioped  into  the  Land  of 
Jonbool  ?  I  pause  for  a  reply. 

It  will  not  be  long  before  the  answer  comes,  in  my  belief.  They  have  good  Herod 
horses  in  France  nobody  can  deny,  but  that  they  have  anything  as  good  as  our  Ham- 
burg I  shall  most  strenuously  deny  until  positive  proof  shall  have  upset  my  assertions. 
Nor  do  I  believe  there  is  anything  much  ahead  of  Handsel  and  Handspring.  They  may 


'The  Modern  British   Thoroughbred  55 

have  as  good  a  horse  there  as  Mr.  Ferguson's  old  horse  St.  George  that  got  Lucian 
Appleby,  Aladdin  and  Grey  Friar,  but  I  am  not  even  so  sure  of  that.  You  hear  a 
great  deal  about  how  much  money  certain  French-bred  horses  win  in  a  single  year, 
but  vou  never  hear  about  what  class  of  horses  they  beat.  Of  course,  the  French  breed 
a  great  many  good  horses  but  they  have  never  sent  but  two  to  England  that  were 
strictly  first-class — Gladiateur  and  Verneuil — unless  Holocauste,  who  broke  his  leg 
while  running  ahead  of  Flying  Fox  in  the  Derby  of  1899,  was  one;  and  that  he  was 
the  first  horse  around  Tattenham  Corner,  there  can  be  no  reasonable  doubt.  My  own 
belief  is  that  the  French  horses  are  about  like  the  early  Virginia  horses  that  ran  four- 
mile  heats  outside  eight  minutes — just  about  fast  enough  to  beat  one  another.  Glad- 
iateur or  Isinglass,  one  or  the  other,  was  next  to  Ormonde  amongst  the  triple  winners 
and  I  am  not  sure  which,  but  the  lanky  Frenchman  was  whole  town  blocks  ahead 
of  all  such  horses  as  Rock  Sand,  Lord  Lyon  and  Diamond  Jubilee  and  you  might  throw 
in  West  Australian,  too,  for  that  matter.  If  the  Ascot  Cup  of  1854  had  been  run  at 
the  present  scale  of  weights  "the  West"  would  have  been  third  in  the  race.  The 
fact  is  that  such  French  horses  as  Gladiateur,  Vermouth,  Mortemer,  Boiard,  Rayon 
d'Or  and  Verneuil,  just  appear  often  enough  to  prove  exceptions  to  the  rule  that  Eng- 
lish horses  can  beat  French  horses  six  days  in  every  week.  I  say  this  in  the  face  of 
the  stubborn  fact  that  in  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris,  Vermouth  'defeated  Blair  Athol 
and  Frontin  beat  St.  Blaise.  These  beaten  ones  were  both  first-class  as  sires,  but  not 
as  race  horses,  for  St.  Blaise  never  won  anything  but  the  Derby  that  was  worthy  of 
mention ;  and  as  for  Blair  Athol  he  was  beaten  by  The  Miner  (brother  to  Mineral,  the 
dam  of  Kisber  and  Wenlock)  in  the  Great  Yorkshire  Stakes.  Nor  is  there  any  reason- 
able doubt  that  Blair  Athol  was  scratched  out  of  the  Ascot  Cup  rather  than  meet  Scot- 
tish Chief  and  General  Peel,  both  of  whom  he  had  already  defeated  in  the  Derby,  even 
after  his  owner  had  positive  assurance  that  no  representative  of  the  all-aged  division 
would  start  in  the  race.  St.  Blaise  and  Blair  Athol  were  great  sires,  beyond  cavil,  but 
they  were  barely  out  of  the  third-class  as  performers.  There  are  Derby  winners  and 
Derby  winners ;  and  the  mere  fact  that  a  horse  wins  a  Derby  signifies  nothing  unless 
he  confirms  his  three-year-old  winning  by  winning  the  Ascot  or  Doncaster  Cup  at 
four  or  wins  some  other  big  race  at  three. 

I  have  said  comparatively  little  about  Partisan  and  his  descendants  as  yet  and 
here  I  am  on  the  last  half  of  this  long,  but  I  trust  not  wearisome,  chapter.  Partisan 
was  foaled  in  1811  and  was  by  Walton  out  of  Parasol  (dam  of  the  Oaks  winner  Pas- 
tille) by  Pot-8-os,  from  Prunella  (second  darn  of  Whalebone  and  Whisker  and  third 
dam  of  Glencoe).  Nothing  of  any  great  note  showed  from  him  till  he  was  sixteen 
years  old  when  his  son,  Mameluke,  won  the  Derby  and  was  robbed  out  of  the  St. 
Leger  through  the  rascality  of  the  starter  who  kept  the  horses  at  the  post  (in  the  in- 
terest of  the  Bookmakers,  of  course)  an  hour  and  twenty  minutes  till  Mameluke  fret- 
ted himself  into  fiddle-strings  and  Matilda,  a  very  inferior  daughter  of  Comus,  won 
the  race.  Partisan  got  a  lot  of  speedy  horses,  in  fact,  he  ranks  next  to  Sultan  in  that 
respect,  but  nothing  else  classic  came  from  him  till  Patron  won  the  Two  Thousand  for 
him  in  1829.  From  that  to  1836  seemed  a  far  cry  but  his  really  best  year  was  then, 
for  his  daughter  Cyprian  beat  Destiny  (who  had  won  the  One  Thousand)  and  Mar- 
malade in  the  Oaks  of  that  year,  in  a  common  canter ;  and  in  the  Derby  his  two  sons 
Gladiator  and  Venison  ran  second  and  third  respectively  to  the  unbeaten  Bay  Middle- 
ton,  which  was  as  good  as  winning  one-third  of  the  Derbys  that  have  been  run.  But 
his  best  son  was  Glaucus,  foaled  in  1830,  who  won  the  Ascot  Gold  Cup  at  3  o'clock  and 
the  Eclipse  Foot  at  4.  In  the  Ascot  Cup  Glaucus  defeated  Rockingham  (winner  of 
the  previous  year's  St.  Leger)  and  Samarcand,  by  Blacklock,  all  three  carrying  114 
pounds  or  12  oounds  less  than  horses  of  that  age  now  carry  in  that  race  or  any  other 
weight-for-age  event  in  England.  Some  very  good  horses  came  from  this  line,  espe- 
cially in  France  whither  Gladiator  was  exiled  at  nine  years  of  age,  being  far-and-away 


56  The  American  Thoroughbred 

the  best  stallion  that  has  ever  crossed  the  Channel  up  to  the  present  writing.  He 
got  Mdlle  de  Chantilly,  the  first  French  horse  to  win  the  City  and  Suburban  Handi- 
cap at  Epsom;  and,  before  leaving  England,  got  Prizefighter,  who  won  the  Great  York- 
shire Stakes  and  started  as  second  choice  in  the  St.  Leger,  won  by  Nutwith,  whose 
starting  price  was  16  to  I,  Cotherstone  being  second  and  Prizefighter  third.  In  France 
he  got  Fitz  Gladiator,  sire  of  Compeigne,  sire  of  Mortemer  whom  Admiral  Rous  de- 
clared to  be  the  only  horse  he  ever  saw  that  "was  a  race  horse  at  any  distance  from  six 
furlongs  to  four  miles."  Mortemer  won  the  Ascot  Gold  Cup  of  1871  with  131  pounds 
up,  two  and  a  half  miles,  defeating  Bothwell,  who  had  won  the  Two  Thousand  and 
Kingcraft,  who  had  won  the  Derby  of  the  previous  year.  He  trailed  the  two  four- 
year-olds  for  two  miles  and  then  made  all  the 'running  of  the  last  half  mile.  And  in 
the  next  year  another  French  horse — Henry,  by  Monarque  out  of  Miss  Ion — accom- 
plished the  same  feat,  beating  the  Derby  winner  Favonius  and  Hannah,  by  King  Tom, 
who  won  both  the  Oaks  and  St.  Leger  of  that  year. 

Gladiator  got  Sweetmeat  also  before  leaving  England.  He  was  the  property 
of  Harry  Hill,  a  well-known  betting  commissioner  for  the  nobility.  Sweetmeat  I 
consider  one  of  the  six  greatest  factors  in  the  modern  British  thoroughbred,  the  other 
five  being  Birdcatcher,  Touchstone,  Blacklock,  Sultan  and  Melbourne.  He  won  the 
Queen's  Gold  Vase  at  Ascot  and  the  Doncaster  Cup,  after  a  terrific  race  with  Alice 
Hawthorne,  the  third  horse,  Pantasa,  being  beaten  over  seventy  yards.  Sweetmeat 
got  two  Oaks  winners  in  Mincemeat  and  Mincepie,  two  years  apart.  He  also  got  that 
honest  little  horse  Macaroni,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand,  the  Derby  and  the  Don- 
caster  Cup,  but  paid  forfeit  in  the  St.  Leger  rather  than  risk  a  meeting  with  Lord  Clif- 
den  (whom  he  had  already  twice  defeated)  over  a  flat  course  like  the  Town  Moor. 
Sweetmeat  also  got  Parmesan,  a  brown  horse  out  of  Gruyere  by  Verulam,  son  of  Lot- 
tery. Parmesan  was  a  rather  plain  looking  horse  himself,  but  his  get  had  a  great 
deal  of  quality.  He  won  the  Queen's  Vase  and  the  Great  Metropolitan  Handicap  at 
Epsom.  On  his  retirement  to  the  stud  he  got  Favonius,  who  won  the  Derby  and  th«> 
Goodwood  Cup ;  and  in  the  next  year  another  of  his  sons,,  Cremorne,  won  the  Derby  in 
the  most  hollow  style,  after  which  he  crossed  the  Channel  and"  defeated  a  field  of  nine 
in  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris.  At  four  Cremorne  was  by  long  odds  the  best  horse  in  all 
Europe  at  weight-for-age,  winning  the  Ascot  Cup  with  126  pounds  and  the  Alexandra 
Plate,  three  miles,  with  129.  Cremorne  was  a  failure  at  the  stud  but  got  that  flying 
filly  Kermesse,  the  best  two-year-old  of  her  day.  Cremorne  also  got  St.  George,  im- 
ported into  Kentucky  by  the  late  James  Ferguson  of  Lexington,  Ky.,  and  St.  Georee  is 
the  only  son  of  Cremorne  that  was  worth  a  ten-dollar  piece  as  a  sire.  He  got  Gray 
Friar,  Lucien  Appleby  and  Aladdin,  all  stake  horses  beyond  any  doubt.  Favonius 
got  Favo,  a  good  cup  horse  and  sire  of  that  great  sprinter,  Royal  Flush,  now  located 
at  Sacramento ;  and  he  1'ikewise  got  Madam  du  Barry,  winner  of  the  Goodwood  Cup 
and  many  other  good  races.  He  also  got  Conveth,  one  of  the  only  three  Pocahontas 
horses  in  America,  but  the  British  Colony  about  Riverside  turned  him  down  and  he 
never  distinguished  himself  particularly  although  he  got  Formero,  a  two-year-old,  for 
which  an  offer'  of  $12,000  was  refused,  to  my  certain  knowledge.  Parmesan,  sire  of 
Cremorne  and  Favonius,  also  got  Fetterlock  out  of  Silver  Hair  (dam  of  Silvio,  the 
Derby  winner)  but  he  was  such  an  inferior  horse  that  it  seems  idle  to  mention  him  at 
all.  Two  of  his  daughters  were  imported  into  California,  but  just  why,  the  Lord 
only  knows.  The  blood  of  Sweetmeat  is  considered  great  all  over  the  world,  for  the 
best  all-aged  horse  and  the  best  three-year-old  filly  in  Australia — Abercorn  and  his 
sister  Spice — traced  back  to  a  Sweetmeat  mare  at  the  fourth  generation,  she  being  a 
full  sister  to  the  Oaks  winner  Mincemeat. 

Sweetmeat's  best  known  son,  Macaroni,  was  a  great  broodmare  sire,  but  did  not 
figure  extensively  in  the  male-line.  He  got  Macgregor,  winner  of  the  Two  Thousand 
with  Normanby  and  Kingcraft  behind  him,  the  latter  winning  the  Derby  a  few  weeks 


The  Modern  British   Thoroughbred  57 

later;  and  Macgregor  got  Brutus  from  Teardrop  by  Scottish  Chief,  going  back  to  the 
famous  Phryne  and  Decoy  family,  a  branch  of  No.  3.  Outside  of  Mr.  Haggin's  im- 
portations, no  foreign-bred  stallion  has  bred  so  well  in  California  as  has  Brutus ;  and 
his  success,  moreover,  was  not  based  upon  fashionably  bred  mares,  like  most  of  Mr. 
Haggin's  matrons,  but  on  what  we  called  "the  old  blood"  of  California,  chiefly  that  of 
Belmont  (Henry  Williamson's)  who  was  the  first  thoroughbred  stallion  to  cross  the 
plains  on  foot.  Belmont  got  Langford  (first  called  Vigilance)  and  he  challenged  all 
America  to  come  to  California  in  1860  and  run  four  mile-heats  for  $10,000,  the  ac- 
ceptor to  be  allowed  $2,500  for  expenses.  The  Doswells  would  probably  have  ac- 
cepted in  behalf  of  Planet,  but  deemed  the  stake  too  small  for  the  risk  to  be  incurred  in 
a  twenty-five  days'  voyage  from  New  York  to  San  Francisco,  as  there  were  no  trans- 
continental railroads  built  until  nine  years  later.  Brutus'  roll  of  honor  is  certainly 
interesting  reading,  especially  when  you  come  to  compare  it  with  the  American  Stud 
Book  and  see  how  he  got  good  winners  from  mares  that  barely  produced  winners  of 
saddle  horse  purses  to  the  cover  of  other  stallions. 

Brutus'  immediate  predecessor  in  the  Elmwood  Stud  at  Milpitas  was  an  imported 
horse  called  Hercules,  brought  to  this  country  in  1861  by  Shumway  and  Jenkins  of 
Mountain  View,  Santa  Clara  county,  in  this  state.  I  rode  him  several  times  while 
he  was  their  property  and  he  was  certainly  the  fastest  walker  I  ever  threw  my  leg  over. 
After  Mr.  Shumway's  death  the  big  horse  was  sold  by  the  Probate  Court  and  Mr.  Boots 
got  him  for  about  $1.200,  if  I  remember  it  all  right.  Mr.  Williamson  bid  him  up  to 
that  figure  for  me  (I  was  living  in  Red  Bluff  at  the  time)  and  when  he  let  go,  I  think 
Mr.  Boots  was  the  only  other  bidder.  At  all  events,  Mr.  Boots  got  the  horse  and  had 
only  owned  him  a  few  days  when  Hercules  broke  his  leg  while  playing  in  a  small  pad- 
dock. Dr.  Jules  Savidan,  a  French  veterinary  surgeon  living  in  San  Jose,  was  sent 
for  and  discovered  that  the  fracture  could  be  set  and  the  horse  saved.  So  Hercules 
lived  to  be  about  nineteen  or  twenty  and  got  some  good  stock.  Hercules  was  by 
Kingston  (Goodwood  Cup  of  1852  and  Northumberland  Plate  of  1853)  out  of  Daugh- 
ter of  Toscar  by  Bay  Middleton,  she  being  the  maternal  grand-dam  of  Gamos  (by 
Saunterer)  who  won  the  Oaks  of  1870,  in  which  she  beat  that  great  fillv  Sunshine,  by 
Thormanby ;  and  Sunshine  was,  in  a  general  way,  worth  a  dozen  such  mares  as  Gamos, 
for  she  it  was  who  placed  her  sire  at  the  top  of  the  tree  in  the  only  year  in  which  he 
was  premier  stallion  of  England. 

The  decadence  of  these  great  Herod  lines  in  England  has  been  of  longer  duration 
than  in  America  for  no  Herod  horse  has  won  a  Derby  since  Sir  Bevys  won  it  in  1879; 
nor  has  any  Herod  horse  won  a  St.  Leger  since  Ossian  defeated  Chislehurst  and  High- 
land Chief  for  that  event  in  1883.  No  such  falling  off  characterized  the  Herod  horses 
in  America  for  little  black  Virgil  was  premier  in  1886,  though  with  the  smallest  amount 
opposite  his  name  that  was  ever  credited  to  any  leader  among  sires.  He  got  three 
winners  of  the  Kentucky  Derby — Vagrant,  Hindoo  and  Ben  AH — a  distinction  achieved 
by  no  other  horse,  living  or  dead.  Virgil  got  Hindoo,  who,  while  he  never  was  pre- 
mier, bred  a  great  deal  of  class  and  got  the  beautiful  Hanover  who  headed  the  pro- 
cession for  four  seasons  and  was  second  to  imported  Albert  in  the  next  one,  by  a  mar- 
gin so  narrow  that  it  was  hardly  worth  a  line  of  mention.  And  so  far  from  going 
back  again  into  what  an  emaciated  citizen  of  Princeton,  N.  J.,  called  "innocuous 
desuetude,"  the  male-line  of  Glencoe  is  now  growing  stronger  than  ever,  for  six  sons 
of  Hanover  are  now  very  prominent  as  sires,  Hamburg  having  already  gotten  two  win- 
ners and  one  second  horse  in  the  Futurity,  while  The  Commoner,  Handspring  and 
several  others  are  the  sires  of  animals  of  undeniable  stake  form. 

It  is  an  open  question  whether  Glencoe  was  not  the  best  horse  that  ever  came  from 
the  male-line  of  Herod.  True,  he  was  no  such  race  horse  as  his  unbeaten  nephew, 
Bay  Middleton ;  and  with  the  latter's  son,  the  dashing  Dutchman,  he  would  have  been 
indisputably  overmatched.  But  review  his  racing  record  impartially  and  what  do  we 


5$  The  American   Thoroughbred 

find?  That  he  won  the  Riddesworth  Stakes,  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas  and  Good- 
wood Cup  at  three ;  the  Ascot  Gold  Cup  at  four ;  and  walked  over  for  The  Whip  (four 
miles)  at  five.  How  many  great  race  horses  make  such  a  showing  for  consistency  as 
that?  Then  take  him  as  a  sire  in  America  and  you  find  that  he  headed  the  list  of 
sires  five  seasons,  was  seven  times  second  and  three  times  third,  being  third  in  1861, 
four  years  after  his  death,  having  no  two-year-olds  and  only  two  three-year-olds  to 
run  for  him.  And  another  thing,  no  horse  that  ever  defeated  him  for  a  premiership 
of  the  American  stud,  ever  held  that  distinction  for  more  than  one  year.  Glencoe 
was  quite  as  well  entitled  to  be  called  "the  immortal''  as  was  either  Touchstone  or 
Stockwell.  They  talk  about  the  renaissance  of  Blacklock's  line  in  England,  after  years 
of  obscurity  caused  principally  by  calumny  and  persecution ;  it  is  remarkable  of  course, 
but  not  half  as  much  so  as  that  of  Glencoe  in  America,  for  in  1860,  you  could  hardly 
give  away  a  son  of  Glencoe  for  stud  purposes,  while  his  daughters  commanded  all 
sorts  of  big  prices  for  mating  with  the  deservedly  great  Lexington. 

The  Matchem  line  in  England,  since 'the  exportation  of  The  Peer,  Middlesex  and 
Tow  ton  to  the  antipodes,  is  now  represented  solely  through  the  lines  of  West  Australian 
and  Young  Melbourne.  The  latter  amounted  to  but  little  save  as  a  broodmare  sire, 
but  his  daughters  were  unquestionably  great  producers.  Young  Melbourne  got 
Strafford,  Pell  Mell,  Brother  to  Strafford,  Rapid  Rhone  and  Knight  of  the  Garter, 
but  I  don's  know  of  his  lines  being  perpetuated  through  any  of  these,  save  Pell  Mell,  who 
got  that  great  cup  horse  Carlton,  who  won  the  Chester,  Manchester  and  Doncaster  Cups 
ail  in  the  season  of  1887,  besides  running  third  in  the  Cesarewitch  in  which  he  was  giv- 
ing twenty-four  pounds  for  one  year  to  the  winner,  Humewood.  Carlton  got  that  de- 
termined finisher,  Carlton  Grange,  now  located  in  Kentucky  as  the  property  of  that 
ambitious  young  breeder,  Mr.  James  E.  Clay.  As  Matchem  blood  is  somewhat  scarce 
in  England,  I  cannot  understand  how  they  came  to  let  so  good  a  horse  as  Carlton 
Grange  get  away  from  them,  especially  when  we  consider  his  close  relationship  to 
Hawkstone  and  Prisoner  in  England ;  and  to  that  "gamest  of  the  game"  at  the  anti- 
podes, Australian  Peer,  who  beat  Abercorn  whenever  the  pace  was  hot  from  the  fall  of 
the  flag.  Now  we  have  another  male-line  of  Melbourne  in  America,  through  imported 
Darebin  (pronounced  as  if  spelt  "Dah-ray-bin,"  with  the  accent  on  the  second  sylla- 
ble; brought  to  this  country  by  Mr.  J.  B.  Haggin.  The  reader  is  referred  to  the  Aus- 
tralian chapter  of  this  book  for  further  particulars  concerning  this  enormous,  and 
therefore  legitimate,  descendant  of  the  mighty  Humphrey  Clinker. 

Most  all  the  Matchem  blood  now  in  England  comes  from  the  descendants  of  West 
Australian,  through  Solon,  who  got  Barcaldine  and  Arbitrator,  the  latter  being  a  good 
horse  but  in  nowise  the  equal  of  the  former.  Arbitrator  got  Kilwarlin,  who  won  the 
St.  Leger  after  being  virtually  left  at  the  post.  Barcaldine,  on  the  other  hand,  was 
a  giant  among  giants.  Following  are  some  of  his  best  performances,  he  winning 
twelve  races,  mostly  with  heavy  weights  and  without  a  single  defeat: 

1880.  Won  the  Railway  Stakes,  National  Produce  Stakes,  Paget  Stakes  and  Beres- 
ford  Stakes. 

1881.  Won  the  Baldoyle  Derby,  Queen's  Plate  (2  miles)  at  the  Curragh,  Queen's 
Plate    (three  miles)    at  Roscrea  and  next  day  walked  over  for  another  Royal   Plate 
at  two  and  one-half  miles. 

1882.  Barcaldine  now  "carried  the  war  into  Africa"  by  going  over  to  England, 
where  he  won  the  Westminster  Plate  at  Kempton  Park,  conceding  forty-one  pounds  to 
Lucerne,  who  ran  third,  Tristan  being  second.       He  next  won  the  Epsom  Stakes  at  a 
mile  and  a  half,  beating  Witchcraft,    Beauty,   Picador    and    Retreat,  giving  the  first 
named  thirty-nine  pounds.      He  then  won  the  Orange  Cup,  three  miles,  beating  Faugh- 
a-Ballagh  (by  Lord  Gough)  over  sixty  yards  in  a  canter.      He  wound  up  that  season 
by   starting  as   second   choice   in   the    Northumberland   Plate   at   Newcastle   with    136 
pounds  up,  at  a  mile  and  a  half,  which  he  won  by    two    lengths    from    the    favorite 


'The  Modern  British   Thoroughbred  59 

Shrewsbury,  five  years,  119  pounds;  Havoc,  four  years,  97  pounds,  and  Bonaparte  and 
Victor  Emmanuel  unplaced. 

In  his  first  season  he  got  Bartizan,  Countess  Thierry,  Polynesia,  Pippin,  The  Skip- 
per and  Winkfield,  the  latter  being  the  sire  of  that  wonderful  handicap  horse,  Wink- 
field's  Pride.  The  next  year  he  got  Morion,  winner  of  the  Ascot  Cup  of  1891 ;  in  which 
year  his  daughter  Mimi  (afterwards  dam  of  St.  Maclou)  won  the  Oaks  and  One  Thou- 
sand; and  in  1895  Sir  Visto  added  to  his  crown  by  winning  both  the  Derby  and 
St.  Leger.  Barcaldine  was  three  times  mated  with  the  Oaks  winner  Geheimniss  and 
got  three  horses  called  Odd  Fellow,  Grand  Master  and  Free  Mason,  all  since  imported 
into  America,  the  last  two  being  in  Canada  and  the  former  in  Kentucky,  where  he  is 
owned  by  Mr.  Christopher  Chirm.  I  must  say  I  was  never  worse  disappointed  than  in 
him  for,  on  his  breeding,  he  ought  to  overtop  everything  in  that  state. 

Barcaldine  was  a  very  coarse  horse,  to  judge  by  the  only  picture  I  ever  saw  of 
him.  It  was  a  big  oil  painting,  8x5^2  feet*  and  hung  in  the  rooms  of  A.  J.  C.  in 
Sydney.  There  was  once  a  horse  called  Tom  Crib,  by  Gladiator,  imoorted  to  this  coun- 
try for  the  purpose  of  breeding  high-class  farm  and  coach  horses,  and  said  to  bje 
coarse  enough  for  a  bull,  but  if  he  was  any  coarser  than  Barcaldine,  I  am  very  much 
astonished.  Barcaldine  was  very  much  inbred,  his  fourth  dam — the  Hetman  Platoff 
mare  out  of  Whim  (Chanticleer's  dam)  by  Drone — being  also  the  third  dam  of  his 
sire,  Solon,  who  got  Arbitrator,  above  mentioned.  That  is,  to  my  notion,  closer  im- 
breeding  than  the  examples  of  Chester  and  Sir  Modred,  given  in  the  Australian  chapter 
of  this  work.  The  daughters  of  Barcaldine,  both  here  and  in  England,  have  bred 
well,  with  the  solitary  exception  of  Mr.  Belmont's  Kate  Allen,  whom  I  deemed  the  best 
of  all  his  importations,  she  being  a  full  sister  to  that  good  horse,  Bartizan.  But  Kate 
was  a  disappointment  and  was  sent  to  the  auction  block  about  two  years  ago.  If  she 
is  still  alive,  it  is  to  be  hoped  she  will  be  mated  with  a  St.  Simon  horse  if  one  can  be 
found  that  has  a  daughter  of  Hampton  or  Macaroni  for  his  dam. 

I  have  now  progressed  so  far  in  this  work  that  anything  I  say  with  reference  to  the 
English  horse  must  be  confined  to  the  last  twenty-five  years.  The  leading  stallions 
about  1880  were  Galopin,  Hampton  and  Springfield,  just  coming  on,  and  Hermit  and 
Blair  Athol,  just  beginning  to  fall  into  "the  sere  and  yellow  leaf."  Hampton  was 
always  belittled  because  his  owner  had  bought  him  out  of  a  selling  race,  while  Spring- 
field was  generally  overrated  and  Galopin  received  his  du&-ineed  of  praise.  Galopin 
was  a  dark  bay  pony,  certainly  not  over  fifteen  hands  and  an  inch  high  and  tracing  to 
the  same  tap-root  as  Stockwell  and  King  Tom.  His  dam,  Flying  Duchess,  by  the  air- 
exploring  Hollander,  had  previously  produced  a  mare  called  Vex  that  won  the  Stew- 
ards' Cup  at  Goodwood.  The  next  dam  was  Merope  (third  dam  of  our  imported 
Eothen)  by  Voltaire  out  of  the  Juniper  mare,  foaled  1817,  that  produced  Velocipede, 
by  many  deemed  the  best  son  of  Blacklock.  Now  there  was  a  pedigree  hot  enough  to 
fry  eggs  with,  and  Galopin  was  clearly  bred  in  sire-producing  lines.  Of  his  per- 
formances it  is  only  necessary  to  say  that  he  never  was  beaten  at  weight-for-age  and 
never  lost  a  race  unless  he  was  handicapped  out  of  it.  He  won  the  Derby  of  1875  in  a 
common  canter  from  Claremont  (brother  to  our  imported  Stonehenge)  and  the  colt 
by  Macaroni-Repentance ;  and  in  the  fall  of  that  year  he  was  matched  against  the  St. 
Leger  winner,  Craig  Millar,  in  a  race  "across  the  flat,"  whom  he  could  not  h'-ve  beaten 
worse  if  he  had  been  anchored.  Next  spring  came  the  £2,500  match  against  Lowlander 
who  was  the  fastest  sprinter  of  that  year.  He  was  by  Dalesman  (brother  to  our  im- 
ported Camilla)  out  of  Lufra  (dam  of  our  dear  little  Midlothian)  by  Windhound ;  and 
he  had  never  been  beaten  at  seven  furlongs  and  only  once  at  a  mile,  but  Galopin  "donkey 
licked"  him,  as  they  say  in  the  Australian  colonies.  At  the  stud,  Galopin  got  Dono- 
van, winner  of  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger ;  Disreali  and  Galliard,  winners  of  the  Two 
Thousand ;  and  two  winners  of  the  One  Thousand. 

But  the  greatest  horse  he  ever  got  was  St.  Simon,  who  won  ten  races  off  the  reel 


6o 


The  American  "Thoroughbred 


without  one  defeat.  He  was  struck  out  of  all  his  yearling  engagements  through  the 
death  of  his  breeder,  Prince  Casimir  Batthyany,  or  he  would  have  won  beyond  doubt 
"the  triple  crown"  which  has  been  won  by  nine  horses,  of  whom  at  least  six  were  man- 
ifestly his  inferiors.  As  it  was  he  won  the  Halnaker  Stakes  at  Goodwood,  the  Maiden 
Stakes  at  the  same  place,  the  Devonshire  Nursery  with  124  pounds,  and  the  Prince  of 
Wales'  Nursery  Plate,  in  the  last  of  which  he  carried  126  pounds  and  beat  twenty 
others,  of  which  Belinda  with  109  pounds  had  the  highest  weight.  Next  year  he  was 
barred  from  the  classics  but  he  bagged  the  Epsom,  Ascot  and  Goodwood  Cups  with 
most  ridiculous  ease,  beating  the  great  Tristan  and  three  others  at  Ascot  and  Chisle- 
hurst  at  Goodwood.  Frederick  Archer  said  he  had  ridden  four  Derby  and  five  St. 
Leger  winners  and  St.  Simon  was  the  best  horse  he  ever  rode.  On  his  retirement 
to  the  stud  he  got  winners  from  the  very  bginning,  among  them  that  good  horse  St. 
Serf  and  the  flying  filly  Signorina,  owned  by  the  Italian  Prince  Ginistrelli.  As  a 
sire  of  classic  winners  St.  Simon  goes  down  to  history  as  the  equal  of  Stockwell,  be- 
cause, while  he  got  only  four  St.  Leger  winners  to  Stockwell's  six  he  got  five  winners 
each  of  the  Oaks  and  One  Thousand  to  Stockwell's  one.  The  peculiarity  of  St.  Simon, 
as  a  sire  is  that  he  not  only  has  headed  the  list  of  sires  for  nine  seasons  but  headed  it 
in  1901  without  a  single  classic  winner  to  his  credit ;  and  this  year  he  is  second  to 
Gallinule  under  like  conditions  and  ahead  of  his  own  son  St.  Frusquin,  who  furnished 
the  Two  Thousand  and  Derby  winner,  St.  Amant.  Moreover,  he  is  the  only  stallion 
since  Newminster  to  get  two  premier  sires,  Persimmon  in  1902  and  St.  Frusquin  in 
1903,  while  another  of  his  sons,  Florizel  II,  who  got  both  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger 
winners  of  that  year,  was  second  to  him  by  a  narrow  margin  in  1901.  I  saw  several 
of  his  sons  while  in  England  in  1901  and  liked  Florizel  best  of  all.  Persimmon  re- 
minded me  very  much  of  our  pioneer  California  stallion,  Williamson's  Belmont,  whom 
Colonel  Gift  so  aptly  styled  the  "Godolphin  of  the  Wilderness ;"  and  has  on  him  a 
hind  leg  that  would  be  considered  perfect  by  our  more  intelligent  breeders  of  trotting 
horses.  St.  Frusquin  is  a  trifle  coarse  to  my  eye  but  he  gets  some  great  horses.  The 
following  table  shows  what  old  St.  Simon  has  done  this  year  as  the  sire  of  winners, 
together  with  the  achievements  of  his  several  sons  up  to  September  I5th : 


HORSE     AND     YEAR     FOALED. 

St.   Simon    1881 

St.    Frusquin 1893 

Florizel    1800 

St.   Serf   1887 

St.    Hilaire    - 

Tarporley    1890 

Desmond 1891 


SIRE    AND    DAM. 

Galopin — St.   Angela 
St.    Simon — Isabel 
Simon — Perdit 
Simon — Feronia 
St.   Simon — Dist. 
St.    Simon — Ruth 
St.    Simon — L'Abbess 


St. 
St. 


NERS. 
WIN- 

la   .    .  .    .         9 

RACES. 
12 

AMOUNT. 
£16,365 

8 

II 

15,286 

i    18 

28 

12,327 

a    12 

2O 

6,746 

jhore  ....        8 

7 

16 
9 

2,9l6 
2,381 

:ss    de  J..        6 

10 

2,323 

£58,344 

This  is  $282,968  in  American  money,  computing  by  the  bank  rate  of  $4.85  for  each 
pound,  sovereign  (or  quid)  of  English  money.  Not  a  bad  showing,  especially  when 
the  reader  stops  to  consider  that  the  old  horse  is  over  $5000  ahead  of  the  best  of  all  his 
sons.  His  daughters  are  breeding  well  and  throwing  good  winners  to  all  sorts  and 
conditions  of  sires.  Only  one  son  of  St.  Simon — Dunure,  out  of  Sunrise — has  been 
taken  over  to  Austro-Hungary,  but  there  were  three  sons  of.Galopin's  covering  there  in 
1900.  These  were  Guerrier,  out  of  St.  Kilda;  and  Ganache  and  Gaga,  both  out  of 
Red  Hot.  The  latter  is  a  great  favorite  with  the  breeders  and  his  fee  is  $500  tfo 
mares  owned  by  foreigners  and  $400  to  those  owned  by  natives  of  Austria  or  Hungary. 
He  won  th£  Derby  at  Vienna,  a  feat  repeated  in  1900  by  his.  son  Arulo. 

That  most  intelligent  of  American  breeders,  Mr.  J.  B.  Haggin,  has  imported  sev- 
eral sons  of  St.  Simon,  Bassetlaw  and  Greenan  being  the  most  prominent.  He  has 


I 

V 

>-. 


The  Modern  British    Thoroughbred  61 

also  imported  several  horses  very  closely  related  to  St.  Simon  on  the  dam's  side,  Order, 
the  sire  of  Ornament,  being  the  best  of  the  bunch.  Caesar  Young,  a  bookmaker,  who 
was  killed  in  a  cab  in  New  York  last  June,  bought  a  horse  called  St.  Avonicus,  and 
Mr.  Edward  Corrigan  has  one  called  Brantome,  both  sons  of  the  great  St.  Simon.  It 
is  most  sincerely  to  be  hoped  that  some  one  of  the  three  just  above  named  will  do 
better  than  the  other  sons  of  St.  Simon  that  have  preceded  them. 

HAMPTON,  foaled  1872,  was  a  horse  that  was  always  sneered  at  by  the  turf  critics 
of  his  day,  as  "the  little  selling  plater,"  but  he  was  a  horse  of  good  class  for  he  won 
the  Goodwood  Stakes,  Goodwood  and  Doncaster  Cups  and  Great  Metropolitan  Handi- 
cap with  120  pounds  in  the  saddle,  which  does  not  look  much  like  a  plater's  perform- 
ance. At  the  stud  he  got  Merry  Hampton,  winner  of  the  Derby ;  Ayrshire  and  Ladas, 
both  winners  of  the  Two  Thousand  and  Derby  and,  for  another  singular  coincidence, 
both  second  in  the  St.  Leger.  Hampton  was  also  sire  of  Reve  d'Or  who  won  the  Oaks 
and  the  Jockey  Club  Cup ;  and  Sheen,  who  was  the  best  long-distance  horse  of  his  day, 
winning  the  Cesarewitch  with  129  pounds,  in  a  field  of  23,  the  third  horse  being  a 
four-year-old  with  98.  For  a  while  it  looked  as  if  Sheen  were  going  to  be  Hampton's 
•  best  son  at  the  stud;  for  no  other  horse  of  that  line  ever  got  three  such  as  Scintillant, 
(third  in  the  St.  Leger  and  a  winner  of  the  Cesarewitch)  ;  Batt,  who  was  second 
in  Jeddah's  Derby,  and  Labrador,  who  lapped  out  Persimmon  in  his  St.  Leger.  But 
in  the  last  three  or  four  years  Ayrshire  seems  to  have  improved  greatly  with  age,  be- 
ing the  sire  of  Solitaire,  Dunlop,  Tarbolton  and  the  Oaks  winner  Airs  and  Graces. 
The  first  above  named  is  owned  in  California  and  of  his  first  offering  of  yearlings  in 
New  York  two  sold  for  $5,000  each,  an  almost  unprecedented  figure  for  the  get  of  a 
stallion  as  yet  wholly  untried.  Tarbolton,  whom  I  saw  in  England  and  deemed  every 
inch  a  hero,  was  imported  to  America,  but  died  shortly  after  landing.  Sheen,  poor  old 
chap,  has  become  impotent,  so  they  say,  and  he  was  sold  at  auction  for  £80  some  months 
ago  for  that  reason. 

SPRINGFIELD,  by  St.  Alban's,  out  of  Viridis  by  Marsyas,  from  Maid  of  Palmyra  by 
Pyrrhus  the  First  (second  dam  of  our  own  Kingfisher,  by  the  way)  was  a  horse  that, I 
hardly  know  how  to  place  correctly.  Not  as  a  turf  performer,  however,  for  he  was  "a 
holy  terror"  for  years,  campaigning  successfully  for  three  seasons,  winning  nine  straight 
races  at  three  years  old  and  five  straight  at  four.  He  won  three  out  of  five  at  two 
years  old,  being  defeated  by  Kisber  (who  won  the  Derby  of  the  following  year)  in  the 
Dewhurst  Plate ;  and  in  the  Criterion  Stakes  b"  Clanronald  to  whom  he  conceded  six 
pounds.  His  greatest  performance  was,  however,  in  the  Champion  Stakes  at  New- 
market, in  which  he  carried  140  pounds,  conceding  twelve  to  Silvio,  that  year's  winner 
of  both  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger;  and  twenty-one  to  Great  Tom,  Thunderstorm  and 
Hesper,  twenty-eight  to  Zuchero  and  thirty-one  to  Midlothian,  the  latter  afterwards 
imported  to  California.  Springfield  got  Sanfoin,  winner  of  the  Derby  of  1:890  and 
subsequently  sire  of  Rock  Sand ;  Watercress,  winner  of  the  Prince  of  Wales'  Stakes  at 
Ascot,  and  third  to  La  Fleche  in  the  St.  Leger;  and  Briar  Root,  winner  of  the  One 
Thousand,  besides  some  dozen  other  big  stake-winners  and  about  sixty  horses 
in  the  "useful"  class. 

I  say  I  do  not  know  how  to  class  Springfield  as  a  breeding  horse  because  Sanfoin 
is  his  only  half-way  successful  son  in  England  and  his  prestige  is  confined  almos-t 
exclusively  to  the  winnings  of  one  horse,  Rock  Sand.  In  America,  Springfield  has 
two  sons  that  I  know  of— Watercress  and  Juvenal— the  former  of  which  I  like  very 
much.  Juvenal  has  gotten  one  or  two  good  ones,  including  Chacornac,  who  won  the 
Futurity  of  1900  and  I  saw  him  in  a  race  in  England  afterwards.  But  I  don't  fancy 
Juvenal  for  the  reason  that  he  is  a  Springfield  horse  and  resembles  Blair  Athol  more 
than  he  does  Springfield.  When  I  buy  a  horse  because  his  father  was  a  great  sire,  I 
want  him  to  resemble  his  sire  and  not  his  maternal  grandsire;  ,\nd  this,  too,  in  face  of 
my  belief  that  Blair  Athol  was,  by  long  odds,  the  best  son  of  Stockwell.  Now  let 


62 


The  American   'Thoroughbred 


us  see  what  Springfield's  get  won  after  he  once  became  thoroughly  established  in  the 
stud : 


1882 
1883 
1884 
1885 


£8,371  1886 

9?fio 

7,589  1887 

21  607 

7  786    1888 

10,418    1889 

T  O    -5/fT 

1800    . 

.    .17.228 

1891   4.72.3 

1892    9,170 

1893    8,415 

1894    9,972 

1895     4,987 


Total    for    14    seasons £  137,799 

Springfield's  best  year  was  1887,  when  he  was  third  and  the  only  time  he  was  ever 
better  than  fifth.  In  that  year  Hampton  was  first  with  £31,454  and  Hermit  second  with 
£25,733,  Isonomy  being  fourth  on  the  list  with  £18,294,  the  once  great  Rosicrucian  being 
twentieth  with  £5,145.  His  son,  Watercress,  has  only  had,  if  I  am  correctly  informed, 
about  half  a  chance  at  Rancho  del  Paso;  and  there  seems  to  be  a  sort  of  "hard  luck 
story"  about  him  for  he  was  a  very  hard  horse  to  train  and  could  not  be  gotten  fit  to . 
race  early  in  the  season.  I  pin  my  faith  to  Watercress,  once  and  for  all,  and  if  I  can 
get  hold  of  him,  Sir  James  Miller  may  keep  Sanfoin. 

ST.  ALBAN'S,  the  sire  of  Springfield,  had  very  bad  legs  (something  unusual  for 
a  son  of  Stockwell)  and  many  breeders  were  afraid  to  patronize  him  on  that  account; 
and  while  his  full  brother,  Savernake,  was  not  so  bad  in  the  cannon-bones  as  St> 
Alban's,  he  was  none  too  good,  so  he  was  sold  to  Hungary  for  a  very  low  price.  And 
my  idea  is  that  many  people  were  likewise  afraid  to  mate  their  mares  with  Springfield, 
lest  he  should  breed  back  to  his  defective  sire.  If  Stockwell,  the  heaviest  boned 
horse  of  his  day,  got  two  bad-legged  horses  like  St.  Alban's  and  Savernake,  why 
should  not  Springfield  do  the  same?  So  I  sometimes  think  Springfield  was  one  of  the 
neglected  sires  of  England.  St.  Alban's  was  third  in  1867  with  £17,601  to  his  credit, 
as  against  £42,521  for  Stockwell  and  £31,083  for  Newminster  in  that  year.  I  now 
give  the  correct  list  of  the  premier  stallions  of  Europe  who  have  held  that  position 
more  than  one  year  since  1850,  together  with  amounts  won  in  those  years : 


ORLANDO 

1851    , £12,181 

1854    ••• i6,974 

1858    15,283 

NEWMINSTER. 

1859   £17,3.38 

1863   22,465 

STOCKWELL. 

1860   £l8,20I 

1861  24,029 

1862  33,336 

1864 28,708 

1865  33,302 

1866  61,391 

1867  42,521 


HERMIT. 


1880 

1881 

1882 
1883 
1884 
1885 
1886 

1852 
1856 

1870 
1871 

1853 

1857 


BIRDCATCHER. 


KING    TOM. 


MELBOURNE.* 


.£30,907 
.    27,223 

•  47,311 

.  30.406 

.  29,4l8 

.  30,737 

.  22,8l7 

.£l7.I49 
.     17,041 

.  £20,376 

.   18,116 

.£21,299 
.  18,206 


BLAIR     ATHOL. 

1872      £14,5.37 

1873      18,362 

1875 19,704 

1877 28,830 

GALOPIN. 

1888      £30.211 

1889      43,5l6 

1898      21,699 

ST.    SIMON. 

(Up  to  end  of  1896.) 

1890    £32,799 

1891    26,890 

1892 53,504 

1894    42,092 

1895 30,469 

1896    59,734 


'Melbourne   was   first   in    1846,   but   I   have   not   the    figures. 


I  have  not  the  figures  for  the  later  years,  but  St.  Simon  was  ahead  again  in  1900 
through  "the  triple  crown"  won  by  his  son,  Diamond  Jubilee ;  and  again  in  1901  with 
a  few  pounds  in  excess  of  £60,000  without  one  single  classical  winner  to  his  credit. 


'The  Modern  British  "Thoroughbred  63 

In  spite  of  all  this,  the  interesting  fact  remains  that  St.  Simon  has  never  reached  the 
£61,391  mark  set  by  Stockwell  in  1866,  although  the  cash  value  of  racing  prizes,  since 
St.  Simon's  get  came  on  the  turf,  are  twice  what  they  were  in  Hermit's  time  and  from 
three  to  four  times  what  they  were  in  Stockwell's,  for  there  were  no  £10,000  races  like 
the  Eclipse  Stakes  or  the  Jubilee  in  the  days  when  the  big  Exeter  chestnut  was  mon- 
arch of  the  British  Stud.  For  all  that,  however,  we  must  admire  and  approve  old  bt. 
Simon  for  he  is,  this  year,  second  on  the  list  without  a  single  classic  winner,  as  In 
1901,  Gallinule  being  ahead  of  him  solely  through  the  victories  of  Pretty  Polly.  St. 
Simon's  son,  St.  Frusquin,  is  third  on  the  list  over  £r,ioo  behind  his  twenty-three-year- 
old  sire,  Florizel  II  ,being  sixth,  St.  Serf  ninth  and  Persimmon  tenth.  Now  to  do  St. 
Simon  justice,  we  must  show,  as  in  the  case  of  Stockwell,  wherein  he  differs  from  other 
horses : 

1.  He  is  the  only  sire  in  history  to  get  five  winners  of  the  Oaks  as  against  three 
for  Sir  Peter,  Sorcerer,  King  Tom  and  Melbourne.       No  other  horse  ever  got  four, 
Touchstone  and  Stockwell  having  each  one  to  their  credit,  which  shows  clearly  that 
Oaks   winners  betoken  a  female-line  horse.       Touchstone  got  two  premier  sires  and 
his  son  Newminster  got  three.       Stockwell  got  but  one  premier  (Blair  Athol),  but  he 
was  four  times  first  on  the  list,  twice  second  (to  Adventurer  and  Lord  Clifden),  once 
third  and  twice  fifth.       Doncaster  was  never  better  than  third  and  that  for  only  one 
season. 

2.  St.  Simon  is  the  only  stallion  to  get  five  winners  of  the  One  Thousand  Guineas, 
as  against  three  for  Stockwell  and  Emilius. 

3.  He  is  the  only  horse  in  history  to  head  the  list  of  sires  without  a  classic  win- 
ner to  his  credit. 

So  impressed  was  I  with  the  idea  that  St.  Simon,  being  out  of  a  King  Tom  mare, 
was  a  female-line  horse  like  his  maternal  grandsire,  that  when  Mr.  E.  S.  Gardner  Jr. 
wrote  me  from  Paris  in  August,  1897,  about  buying  a  St.  Simon  horse,  I  wrote  back 
as  follows :  "Don't  touch  a  St.  Simon  horse.  He  is  a  female-liner,  like  Melbourne, 
King  Tom  and  Sorcerer,  none  of  whom  ever  got  a  premier  stallion."  Right  on  the 
back  of  that  old  St.  Simon  "shifted  the  cut"  on  them  and  got  Persimmon  and  St. 
Frusquin,  both  of  which  have  since  been  premiers,  besides  being  the  sire  of  Florizel 
II,  who  got  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger  winners  of  1901 — Volodyovski  and  Doricles — the 
former  being  second  to  Doricles  in  the  Leger.  Yet  I  contend  that  up  to  the  time  I  wrote 
Mr.  Gardner,  my  judgment  was  correct  and  fully  warranted  by  "the  inexorable  logic  of 
events."  For  a  horse  that  never  was  second  on  the  list,  Bend  d'Or  makes  a  mosrt 
remarkable  showing,  whose  get  first  appeared  in  1884  with  some  £4,000  to  their  credit : 

1885    £  7,061    1891    12,843   1896    5*017 

1886    22,803    1892    17,892   1897    6,104 

1887    7,158   1893    6,711    1898    7,720 

1888    22,635   1894    3,985   1899    4,322 

1889    6,200   1895    13,014 

1890    17,627  Total    £161,092 

There  were  several  horses  running  by  Bend  d'Or  when  I  was  in  England, 
in  1901,  but  what  races  they  won  or  what  money,  I  do  not  know.  The  above  amount 
given  is  equal  to  $781,295  in  American  money.  My  belief  is  that  though  Kendal  and 
Orme  are  the  only  two  stallions  of  Stockwell's  male-line  to  head  the  list,  since  Blair 
Athol ;  and  that  Bend  d'Or  was  never  at  the  top  in  any  year  of  his  life,  I  must  rank 
Blair  Athol  as  the  best  son  of  Stockwell  and  Bend  dOr  his  next  best  descendant  in 
male-line.  I  write  this  after  a  mature  study  of  the  case,  because  Bend  d'Or  is 
the  sire  of  two  premier  stallions,  Kendal  in  England  in  1897  and  Ben  Strome  in 
America  in  1903,  besides  being  the  sire  of  Ornus,  a  horse  that  sold  for  $200  at  auction 
and  has  already  this  year  over  $60,000  in  purses  and  stakes  to  the  credit  of  his  son 


64  The  American   Thoroughbred 

Oiseau  alone.     Didn't  you  hear  me  remark,  a  while  ago,  that  American  breeding  was  a 
good  deal  of  a  lottery?  '    .- 

We  have  been  singularly  unfortunate  in  the  importation  of  sons  of  Stockwell  into 
America,  Glenlyon  being  the  only  one  of  any  real  value ;  and  he  died  very  young,  hav- 
ing made  but  one  season.  His  dam,  Glengowrite,  was  the  second  dam  of  that  good 
Australian  stallion  Wellington,  winner  of  the  Derby  and  Champion  Race  at  three  years 
old.  But  in  male-line  grandsons  and  great  grandsons  we  have  done  exceedingly  well. 
The  following  table  shows  what  Stockwell's  male-line  descendants  have  done  in 
America  this  year,  up  to  and  including  the  2ist  day  of  September  last: 

Meddler,  by  St.  Gatien — Busybody  $194,225 

Ben  Strome,  by  Bend  d'Or — Strathfleet  93,570 

Goldfinch,  by  Ormonde — Thistle   85,031 

Esher,    by   Claremont — Una    59,356 

Golden  Garter,  by  Bend  d'Or — Sanda    59,1 1 1 

Pirate  of  Penzance,  by  Prince  Charlie — Plunder   51,271 

Ornament,  by  Order — Victorine    47,424 


$589,988 

It  goes  without  saying  that  the  earnings  of  this  batch  of  stallions  will  go  over  the 
$600,000  mark,  and  perhaps  as  high  as  $700,000,  by  the  close  of  the  year,  as  there  will 
bi  six  weeks  of  racing  at  Los  Angeles  and  Oakland  (or  Ingleside)  before  the  end  of 
1904.  The  Touchstone  horses  have  only  done  fairly  well,  Octagon  having  $66,230  to 
his  name,  of  which  Beldame  contributes  $49,995 ;  and  Requital  has  $64,200,  of  which 
$-7,825  came  through  English  Lad  and  $26,335  through  Mr.  Madden's  good  colt  Fly- 
back. The  male-line  of  Don  John,  long  since  extinct  in  the  old  country,  is  about  the 
strongest  line  in  America  outside  of  Stockwell's.  Here  is  a  sample  of  what  it  had  won 
up  to  and  including  September  2ist: 

Ben  Brush,  by  Bramble — Roseville    $I52,330 

Clifford,  by  Bramble— Duchess    41,585 

$193,915 

The  line  of  Melbourne,  through  West  Australian,  shows  up  stronger  in  America 
than  in  England,  and  witness  the  following  figures  for  the  same  period : 

• 

Kingston    by    Spendthrift — Kapanga    $  78,095 

Hastings    by    Spendthrift— Cinderella    76,885 

Lamplighter  by   Spendthrift — Torchlight    5r,27i 

$206,251 

All  the  three  above  named  are  out  of  imported  mares  which  reminds  me  to  say 
that  Wildidle,  a  brother-in-blood  to  Spendthrift,  was  a  magnificent  looking  horse,  but 
got  no  performers  of  any  real  merit,  except  from  imported  mares.  Mr.  Baldwin  had 
nothing  but  native  mares  at  Santa  Anita,  and  that  is  why,  in  my  belief,  his  handsome 
little  horse  Rutherford  was  such  a  signal  failure.  Rutherford  was  a  full  brother  to 
Spendthrift  and  beat  Wildidle  three  times,  so  his  failure  is  not  to  be  ascribed  to  a 
lack  of  courage,  in  any  event. 

The  male  line  of  Glencoe,  extinct  everywhere  else  on  earth,  has  been  very  strong 
in  America  in  the  past  twenty  years.  Its  representatives  this  year  are : 

Hamburg  by   Hanover — Lady  Reel    $  98,440 

The  Commoner  by  Hanover — Margerine   45,838 

$144,278 


The  Modern  British   Thoroughbred  65 

There  will  be  a  change  of  the  figures  at  the  close  of  the  season,  but  none,  in  my 
belief,  in  the  relative  positions  of  the  horses  named,  for  Meddler  is  just  as  far  ahead 
of  Ben  Brush  as  Little  Benny  is  ahead  of  Hamburg.  Ben  Strome  has  a  bare  living 
chance  to  overhaul  Hamburg,  but  it  is  not  probable,  as  his  best  representative,  High- 
ball, is  dead. 

It  is  therefore  plain  that  we  have  not  only  the  male-line  of  Glencoe,  extinct  every- 
where else  in  the  wide  earth,  but  that  we  have  among  Eclipse  lines  what  England  has 
not  had  for  over  twenty  years — a  good  line  of  Don  John  through  lago  and  Bonnie 
Scotland,  the  latter  horse  being  the  sire  of  the  American  filly  Aranza  that  won  several 
big  races  in  England.  In  addition  to  that  we  have  that  great  Matchem  line  that 
comes  down  to  us  through  the  sons  of  Spendthrift  and  Wildidle,  but,  of  course,  as 
those  horses  did  not  trace  to  any  mare  included  in  the  Bruce  Lowe  system,  neither 
Hastings,  Kingston  nor  Lamplighter  would  be  registered  in  the  British  Stud  Book. 
That  was  why  Mr.  Keene  brought  Spendthrift  back  from  England  and  the  American 
public  have  good  cause  to  thank  him  for  it. 

If  you  ask  why  there  is  no  successful  St.  Simon  horse  in  all  America,  my  only 
answer  to  that  is  we  have  yet  to  import  one  that  is  bred  from  a  sire-producing  line 
of  mares.  True  St.  Andrew  got  Articulate,  one  of  the  greatest  race  horses  ever  foaled 
in  California,  but  just  stop  long  enough  to  consider  how  that  colt's  dam  was  bred?  By 
Martini  Henry,  a  son  of  Musket  and  his  dam  the  dam  of  Goldsbrough,  who  was  all  of 
ten  pounds  better  than  Sir  Modred ;  the  next  dam  Uralla,  sister  to  that  great  race  horse 
Carlyon,  by  Chester;  and  the  next  dam  Moonstone  by  Blair  Athol  from  Amethyst  by 
Touchstone,  from  Camphine  by  The  Provost,  a  half-brother  to  Alice  Hawthorne.  And 
where  are  the  rest  of  your  St.  Andrews?  Masetto  got  two  good  horses  in  Tommy 
Atkins  and  Waring  but  Massetto  has  made  thirteen  seasons  in  the  stud  and  certainly 
ought  to  have  more  good  horses  than  those.  Simple  Simon,  who  raced  under  the 
name  of  Hunciecroft,  was  about  fit  to  stand  for  a  barrel  of  corn  on  the  cob ;  and  as 
for  Simon  Magus,  who  was  out  of  the  best  mare  in  the  bunch,  he  did  well  to  get 
burnt  up. 

The  intelligent  reader  will  therefore  see  that  the  Stockwell  line  is  a  long- way  the 
best  of  an-y  line  we  now  have  in  these  United  States  of  ours.  Take  the  winnings  of  all 
the  St.  Simon  horses  this  year,  through  their  progeny ;  and  the  sum  total  would  not 
equal  the  winnings  accredited  to  one  Stockwell  horse  alone — Meddler.  St.  Simon  is 
a  great  horse,  to  be  sure,  but  the*  mere  fact  that  he  headed  the  list  nine  times  to 
Stockwell's  seven  proves  nothing  to  me  because  in  England  they  judge  as  we  do,  by 
the  amount  of  money  won  and  not  the  number  of  races.  Now,  let  us  examine  this 
thing  carefully  and  endeavor  to  judge  the  case  without  prejudice.  St.  Simon's  best 
season  was  in  1900  when  he  had  £60,844  to  his  credit,  with  winners  of  the  Derby,  Oaks, 
St.  Leger,  Two  Thousand  and  One  Thousand  Guineas,  all  five  of  the  classic  events  of 
that  year.  Stockwell's  best  season  was  in  1866,  when  Lord  Lyon  won  the  Derby, 
Two  Thousand  and  St.  Leger,  and  Tormentor,  by  King  Tom,  won  the  Oaks  in  that 
year,  while  Repulse  by  Stockwell  won  the  One  Thousand.  In  th  t  year  Stockwell's 
winnings  were  £61,391  and  Tormentor's  Oaks  must  have  been  worth  at  least  £3000  to 
King  Tom.  As  racing  prizes,  outside  of  the  classics,  which  remain  about  the  same, 
are  worth  from  three  to  four  times  what  they  were  in  Stockwell's  day,  I  fail  to  see 
where  St.  Simon  has  shown  anything  greater  than  cud  Stockwell ;  and  three  out  of 
every  five  of  St.  Simon's  winners  have  a  cross  of  Stockwell  in  them.  Now  then 
comes  the  query  on  the  Bruce  Lowe  principle.  Is  not  the  success  of  these  St.  Simon 
performers  from  mares  having  a  cross  of  Stockwell,  owing  largely  to  the  fact  that 
both  Galopin,  sire  of  St.  Simon,  and  Stockwell  also,  came  from  the  No.  3  family,  orig- 
inating in  the  Byerly  Turk  mare  which  produced  the  two  True  Blues?  Outside  of 
mares  having  a  cross  of  Stockwell,  where  would  St.  Simon  be  under  your  money 
test?  What  would  he  have  amounted  to  under  that  test,  without  the  aid  of  Per- 


66  The  American   Thoroughbred 

simmon,  Florizel  II  and  Diamond  Jubilee,  among  Derby  winners ;  Mrs.  Butterwick 
and  Amiable,  both  winners  of  the  Oaks  and  One  Thousand ;  and  Persimmon  and  Dia- 
mond Jubilee  among  St.  Leger  winners.  Carrying  it  still  further  the  success  of 
his  four  great  sons,  Persimmon,  St.  Frusquin,  Florizel  II  and  St.  Serf,  and  you  find 
Stockwell  in  every  one  of  them.  '  No  other  .sons  of  St.  Simon  have  achieved  any- 
thing in  the  stud  worthy  of  mention,  while  each  of  the  four  above  named  is  the  sire 
of  one  or  more  classical  winners.  Now  put  that  in  your  meerschaum  and  fumigate  it. 

ENGLAND'S  BELGRAV1AN  DAMES. 

I  do  not  think  it  would  be  right  for  me  to  close  up  this  section  of  my  book  with- 
out some  reference  to  the  mighty  matrons  that  have  contributed  so  signally  to  the 
prestige  of  the  English  horse.  People  who  read  this  work  may  ask  why  I  devote 
so  much  space  to  English  horses,  but  my  answer  is  that  the  American  thoroughbred 
horse  is  descended  from  the  English  horse  of  the  same  class,  for  two  centuries  of  our 
existence  as  a  nation  had  elapsed  before  we  purchased  the  first  stallion  or  mare  im- 
ported from  France  or  Australia.  But  as  there  can  be  no  great  stallion  without  a 
great  mother,  I  take  the  ten  greatest  mares  of  England  that  have  any  direct  bear- 
ing upon  the  American  thoroughbred  horse  of  today. 

*fc     PEWET,  .B  M,  1786. 

This  mare  won  the  St.  Leger  in  1789  and  was  by  Tandem  (son  of  Syphon  by 
Squirt-daughter  of  Regulus-Snap  mare)  her  dam  Termagant  by  Tantrum  (Cripple  by 
Godolphin-mare  by  the  Hampton  Court  Childers)  next  dam  by  Regulus  out  of  the 
dam  of  Marske  who  was  the  sire  of  Eclipse.  Pewet's  produce  I  do  not  pretend  to 
give  entire,  but  only  such  as  affect  modern  breeding : 

1802,  SIR  PAUL,  a  bay  colt,  by  Sir  Peter,  the  Derby  winner  of  1787,  mated  with 
Evelina,  a  half-sister  to  Pewet,  he  got  Paulowitz,  the  sire  of  Archibald,  who  won  the 
Two  Thousand ;  and  also  male-line  ancestor  of  Wild  Dayrell,  the  Derby  winner  of 
1855,  from  whom  come  in  direct  line  Buccaneer,  See  Saw,  Kisber,  Discord  and  other 
good  ones  in  England ;  and  Neckersgat,  Dunlop,  Gozo  and  Gaulus  in  the  land  of  the 
Kangaroo.  , 

1804,  PAULINA,  winner  of  the  St.  Leger  in  1807  and  several  other  good  races.  Her 
daughters,  Galatea  by  Amadis  (son  of  Don  Quixote)  and  Soldiers'  Joy  by  the  Colonel 
(St.  Leger  and  dead  heat  for  the  Derby  in  1828),  have  produced  some  good  perform- 
ers. Galatea  produced  Camp  Follower,  dam  of  Rifleman  who  lost  the  St.  Leger  of 
1855  (won  by  Saucebox)  through  bad  riding;  and  Soldiers'  Joy  is  to  be  found  in 
many  excellent  modern  pedigrees. 

1812,  CLINKERINA  by  Clinker  (Sir  Peter-Hyale  by  Phenomenon)  whose  great  son 
Humphrey  Clinker  was  the  sire  of  Melbourne  that  saved  the  male-line  of  Matchem 
from  total  extinction;  also  the  sire  of  Bran  (twice  second  for  the  Ascot  Cup),  Thump, 
Famine,  Rush  and  others  in  Ireland.  From  Humphrey  Clinker,  in  direct  male-line, 
is  descended  Spendthrift,  greatest  of  all  American  sires  since  1870  because  he  is  the 
only  one  to  get  two  premier  sires — Kingston  and  Hastings. 

EVELINA  B  M,  1791. 

By  Highflyer  out  of  Termagant  (darn  of  Pewet,  above)  by  Tantrum.  Her  only 
notable  produce  were : 

1799,  ORVILLE,  b  c,  by  Beningbro'  (St.  Leger  1794)  was  a  great  race  horse  and 
got  Octavius  and  Emilius,  winners  of  the  Derby ;  Ebor  who  won  the  St.  Leger  of 


The  Modern  British   Thoroughbred  67 

1817,  defeating  Blacklock  and  others;  Muley,  the  only  stallion  in  history  to  get  a 
Derby  winner  at  26  years  of  age;  Master  Henry,  winner  of  The  Whip  (four  miles) 
in  i8iq  and  sire  of  that  great  broodmare  Banter;  Edmund,  sire  of  Margaret,  dam  of 
Ion  and  Eclat,  dam  of  Little  Red  Rover ;  Andrew,  sire  of  Cadland  who  won  the 
Derby  of  1828;  and  of  Gadabout,  whose  daughter,  Miss  Pratt,  produced  Echidna,  dam 
of  The  Baron.  Among  other  good  matrons  sired  by  Orville  were  Louisa,  who  pro- 
duced Jerry,  St.  Leger  1824;  Desdemona,  dam  of  Mulatto,  Doncaster  Cup  of  1827  and 
sire  of  Bloomsbury;  and  two  unnamed  mares,  respectively  the  dams  of  Heron  (sire 
of  Fisherman)  and  Slane,  who  lacked  £15  of  being  the  premier  sire  of  England  in 
1845  .  Candidly,  I  have  the  most  serious  doubts  if  a  better  sire  than  Orville  ever  lived. 

1804,  ORVILLINA,  by  Beningbrough,  produced  Sandbeck,  the  sire  of  Redshank  and 
of  Barbelle,  dam  of  Flying  Dutchman,  who  won  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger  of  1849  and 
the  Ascot  Cup  of  1850;  and  of  Van  Tromp,  by  Lanercost,  winner  of  the  St.  Leger  of 
1847  and  Emperor  of  Russia's  Cup  in  1849. 

1806,  CERVANTES,  b  c,  by  Don  Quixote  (sire  of  Sancho,  St.  Leger  of  1804)  got 
Neva,  Oaks  and  One  Thousand  of  1817;  the  dam  of  Rebecca  who  produce'd  Alice  Haw- 
thorn, dam  of  Thormanby ;  and  the  unnamed  mare  that  produced  Morpeth  and  Mel- 
bourne, the  latter  being  the  sire  of  West  Australian  and  Blink  Bonny. 

1813,  PAULOWITZ,,  b  c,  by  Sir  Paul.  He  got  Archibald,  winner  of  the  Two  Thou- 
sand Guineas,  and  Cain.  The  latter  got  Ion,  who  ran  second  in  both  the  Derby  and 
St.  Leger  of  1838;  and  Ion  got  Wild  Davrell,  Derby  winner  of  1855  and  sire  of 
Buccaneer. 


>    PENELOPE,  B  M,,  1708. 

Bred  by  the  Duke  of  Grafton  and  got  by  Trumpator  out  of  Prunella  '  dam  of 
Waxy  Pope,  Derby  of  1809)  by  Highflyer,  from  Promise  by  Snap-Julia  by  Blank-Spec- 
tator's dam  by  Partner.  She  produced  an  unnamed  filly  that  won  one  race. 

Also  i8o7,WHALEBONE,  brc,  by  Waxy,  won  20  races,  including  the  Derby.  Got 
3  Derby  winners  and  one  each  of  the  Oaks,  Ascot  Cup  and  Goodwood  Cup.  Sire  of 
252  winners  of  £81,263  and  38  Gold  Cups.  Died  in  1831. 

1808,  WEB,   b   f,   by   Waxy.     Produced   Middleton    (by    Phantom),    Derby    winner 
of   1825;   Filagree,   dam  of  Riddlesworth,  2000  guineas   of   1^31   and  dam   of   Cobweb, 
Oaks  of  1824,  she  being  also  the  dam  of  Bay  Middleton,  Derby  of  1836;  and  Trampo- 
line, dam  of  the  great  Glencoe,  who  won  the  2000  guineas  and  Goodwood  Cup  of  1834 
and  Ascot  Cup  of  1835. 

1809,  WOFUL,  b  c,  by  Waxy.      Won^i2  races.      Got  Theodore,  a  St.  Leger  winner 
and  2  winners  of  the  Oaks.       His  get  won  a  total  of  $33,589  and  six  cups.     Sold  to 
Germany. 

1811,  WIRE,  br  f,  by  Waxy.       Dam  of  Vat  and  Verulam,  the  former  being  ances- 
tress of  Blue  Gown,  Derby  of  1868. 

1812.  WHISKER,  b  c,  by  Waxy,  and  the  handsomest  of  all  her  produce.       He  won 
the  Derby  1815  and  got  The  Colonel  and  Memnon,  winners  of  the  St.  Leger.     His  get 
won  £55,140  and  10  gold  cups. 

1814,  WATERLOO,  b  c,  by  Walton.  Mr.  Osborne  says  he  won  the  St.  Leger  but 
that  is  incorrect,  for  Reveller,  by  Comus,  won  it  in  that  year.  He  won  only  three  races 
but  got  37  winners  of  £11,754  atld  s'x  cups. 

1819,  WHIZGIG,  by  Rubens.  Won  the  1000  guineas  and  produced  Oxygen,  winner 
of  the  Oaks  in  1831. 

1822,  WALTZ,  ch  f,  by  Election  (Derby  of  1806),  son  of  Gohanna.  She  produced 
Morisco  (by  Muley)  who  is  found  in  many  good  pedigrees.  Penelope  and  all  these 
mares  are  in  the  Bruce  Lowe  system  as  Family  No.  i. 


68  The  American   Thoroughbred 


YOUNG  GIANTESS,  B  M,  1790. 

Bred  by  Sir  Charles  Bunbury,  and  got  by  Diomed  (Derby  of  1780  and  afterwards 
sent  to  America.  Her  produce  was : 

1796,  SORCERER,  bl  c,  by  Trumpator.     Won  16  races  and  got  180  winners  of  £82,108. 

1798,  ELEANOR,  by  Whiskey.  Won  28  races  including  the  Derby  and  Oaks.  Dam 
of  Muley  by  Orville  and  Active  by  Partisan.  See  pedigree  of  Springbok,  by  imp;. 
Australian. 

T799>  JULIA,  br  f,  by  Whiskey.  Best  two-year-old  of  her  year.  She  won  15 
races  altogether  including  the  July  -Stakes  at  Newmarket.  Produced  Phantom,  who 
won  the  Derby  of  1811  and  got  Middleton  and  Cedric,  winners  of  the  Derby. 

1801,  YOUNG  WHISKEY,  b  c,  by  Whiskey.       Never  won.     Sire  of  Erebus,  winner 
of  17  good  races. 

1802,  LYDIA,  br  f,  by  Whiskey.    Won  13  good  races  and  produced  The  Corporal. 
1807,  CRESSIDA,  by  Whiskey.     Won  5  races  and  produced  Priam,  winner  of  the 

Derby  in  1830,  as  well  as  of  2  Goodwood  Cups,  carrying  139  pounds  in  the  last  one. 

It  seems  that  with  the  solitary  exception  of  Sorcerer,  all  of  Young  Giantess'  colts 
were  failures  on  the  turf,  while  her  fillies  were  extremely  successful.  Sorcerer  was 
a  great  sire.  He  got  Smolensko,  Derby  winner  of  1813,  who  got  the  St.  Leger  win- 
ner Jerry;  Soothsayer,  St.  Leger  of  1811  and  sire  of  Tiresias,  who  beat  Sultan  in  the 
Derby  of  1819 ;  and  Comus,  foaled  in  1809  who  was  by  far  the  best  of  his  get  though 
he  won  no  classic  races.  He  won  10  events,  including  the  Claret  Stakes  at  Newmarket 
and  got  Reveller  and  Matilda,  winners  of  the  St.  Leger.  His  get  won,  in  all  222 
races  of  a  value  of  £54,892,  as  well  as  three  cups.  He  got  that  big  and  homely  horse 
Humphrey  Clinker  who  was  the  sire  of  the  great  Melbourne,  but  for  whom  the  male- 
line  of  Matchem  would  now  be  extinct. 

MARPESSA,  B  M,  1830. 

By  Muley  out  of  Clare  by  Marmion  (son  of  Whiskey)  from  Harpalice  by  Go- 
hanna.  She  produced: 

1834,  JEREMY  DIDDLER,  b  c,  by  Jerry,  sire  of  Sundeelah. 

1837,  POCAHONTAS,  b  f,  by  Glencoe. 

1839,  BOARDING  SCHOOL  Miss,  ch  f,  by  Plenipotentiary.  She  produced  Rose  de 
Florence  by  the  Flying  Dutchman.  Sent  to  Australia.  Rose  de  Florence  produced 
five  good  winners  and  two  good  sires,  Maribyrnong  and  King  of  the  Ring.  The  former 
got  4  winners  of  the  Derby,  and  6  of  the  St.  Leger  and  2  of  the  Oaks,  all  colonial  of 
course.  King  of  the  Ring  got  First  King,  who  was,  in  1876,  probably  the  best  horse 
in  the  world  at  three  miles. 

3  POCAHONTAS,  B.  M.  1837. 

Bred  by  Mr.  Forth  and  got  by  Glencoe  out  of  Marpessa  above.     She  produced : 

1843,  CAMBAULES,  by  Camel,  sire  of  Touchstone. 

1848,  INDIANA,  br.  f.  by  Muley  Moloch.     Sent  to  Ireland  and  started  twice  with- 
out success. 

1849,  STOCKWELL,  ch.  c.  by  The  Baron.     Won  the  Two  Thousand  and  St.  Leger 
at  three  and  the  Whip  at  five.     Won  12  races  in  all  out  of  17  starts.     Headed  the 
Sires'  List  7  seasons. 


The  Modern  British  'Thoroughbred  69 

1850,  RATAPLAN,  ch.  c.  by  The  Baron.     Ran  3rd  in  the  St.  Leger  at  3   (won  by 
West  Australian)  and  in  the  Ascot  Cup  at  4.     Won  42  races  out  of  71  starts,  includ- 
ing the  Manchester  Cup  (4  years,  130  Ibs.)  and  25  Queen's  Plates,  from  2^/4  to  3  miles. 

1851,  KING  TOM,  b.  c.  by  Harkaway,  won  2  races  and  was   second  to  Andover 
in  the  Derby.     Got  i  winner  each  of  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger,  3  of  the  Oaks  and  2 
each  of  the  One  Thousand,  Alexandra  Plate  and  Cesarewitch. 

1852,  STROOD,  ch.   c.  by  Chatham.     A  very  poor  horse. 

1854,  AYACANORA,   ch.    f.    by   Birdcatcher.     Won   2    races    at   2   years.     Produced 
Talk  of  the  Hill,  by  Wild  Dayrell ;  Chattanooga  by  Orlando,  and  Cachucha  by  Volti- 
geur. 

1855,  THE  KNIGHT  OF  KARS,  by  Nutwith   (St.  Leger  1843),  son  of  Tomboy.     He 
won  2  races,  including  the  Derby  Free  Handicap,  and  was  called  one  of  the  hand- 
somest horses  of  his  day. 

1858,  KNIGHT  OF  ST.  PATRICK,  by  Knight  of  -St.  George   (St.  Leger  of  1854  and 
sold  to  America),  he  by  Birdcatcher.     This  horse  won  four  races,  including  the  rich 
Bentinck   Memorial    (3   miles)    at  Goodwood,   and   got   Moslem,   who   won  the   Two 
Thousand  of  1868,  after  a  dead  heat  with  Formosa. 

1859,  AUTOMATON,   by   Ambrose,   who   beat    Macaroni    at   2   years    old    and    died 
that  winter. 

1860,  AURICULA,  by  Ambrose,   son  of  Touchstone.     This  mare  won  three  races, 
including  the  Newmarket  St.  Leger.     She  produced  Blandford  by  The  Duke  and  that 
grandest  looking  horse  of  his  day,  Nuneham  by  Oxford. 

1862,  ARAUCARIA,  b.  f.  by  Ambrose  (No.  16  family).  She  never  raced,  but  pro- 
duced Chamant,  winner  of  the  2000  guineas  in  1877 ;  Apremont,  brother  to  Chamant 
and  a  popular  sire  in  New  Zealand,  both  of  these  being  -by  Mortemer;  and  Rayon 
d'Or,  by  Flageolet  (who  defeated  Doncaster  twice),  winner  of  the  St.  Leger  of 
1879  and  imported  into  America  by  Hon.  W.  L.  Scott.  Died  the  property  of  August 
Belmont,  Esq.,  of  New  York. 

Now  here  is  a  curious  matter  for  me,  though  it  may  not  be  for  my  readers.  Camel, 
sire  of  Touchstone,  and  the  Baron,  sire  of  Stockwell  and  Rataplan,  were  both  from 
No.  24  family  in  Mr.  Bruce  Lowe's  system,  and  the  only  two  stallions  in  that  family 
that  were  worth  a  $100  bill.  But  it  is  a  singular  fact  that  Pocahontas'  very  worst 
foal  should  have  been  by  Camel  and  her  two  best  by  The  Baron,  one  of  them  being 
one  of  the  greatest  cup-winners  that  the  world  has  ever  seen,  while  the  other  was, 
in  my  belief,  the  greatest  sire  that  ever  looked  through  a  bridle.  Had  you  owned 
Pocahontas,  as  Mr.  Theobald  did,  you  would  either  have  bred  her  to  Touchstone  or 
to  his  sire  Camel ;  and  as  Touchstone  had  not  then  established  his  prowess  as  a  sire, 
it  was  very  natural  that  Mr.  Theobald  should  have  selected  his  progenitor.  Cambaules 
was  emasculated  at  three  years  old,  having  been  found  utterly  worthless  for  racing 
purposes,  and  is  said  to  have  ended  his  days  between  the  shafts  of  a  cab  in  London, 
while  others  say  he  was  a  gentleman's  hack  in  Nottinghamshire  and  a  very  nice  horse 
to  ride. 

MANDANE,  CH.  M.  1800. 

By  Pot-8-os-Young  Camilla,  produced : 

1804,  b.  f.   Scratch,  by  Whisky. 

1805,  b.  c.  Ernest  by  Buzzard. 

1807,  b.  c.  Flip  by  Whisky. 

1808,  b.  f.  by  Trumpator. 

1809,  b.  f.  Manuella  by  Dick  Andrews.     Won  the  Oaks. 

1810,  ch.  f.  Altisidora  by  same.     Won  the  St.  Leger. 


Jo  The  American   Thoroughbred 

1811,  1).  f.  Petueria  by  Orville. 

1813,  h.  c.  Capt.  Candid  by  Cerberus.    . 

1816,  ch.  c.  Procurant  by  Langton. 

1819,  b.  f.  Muta,  by  Tramp. 

1820,  br.   c.   Lottery,  by  Tramp.     Won   Doncaster  Cup    1825. 

1821,  b.  c.   Brutandorf  by  Blacklock.     Won  Chester  Cup   1826. 

1822,  b.  f.  unnamed  by  Whisker. 

This  foal  of  1822  was  the  dam  of  Liverpool,  who  defeated  the  St.  Leger  winner 
Chorister  in  the  Gascoigne  Stakes  and  subsequently  became  the  sire  of  the  great 
Lanercost. 


BEGGAR  GIRL  (BIGGOTINI),  BR.  F.  1815. 

By  Thunderbolt— Tramp's  dam  by  Gohanna,  from  Fraxinella  by  Trenthan.  pro- 
duced : 

1822,  b.  c.  Bat  by  Oiseau. 

1823,  ch.  c.  Brass,  by  same. 

1825,  b.  f.  Bustle  by  Waxy  Pope. 

1826,  b.  f.  Bittern  by  same. 

1827,  ch.   f.   Brine  by  same. 
1829,  b.  f.  Brandy  Bet  by  Canteen. 

This  mare  is  ancestress  of  Russborough,  who  ran  a  dead  heat  for  the  St.  Leger 
of  1850  with  Voltigeur,  and  is  also  ancestress  of  the  famous  Australian  horses  Melos 
(by  Goldsbrough)  and  Wallace  (by  Carbine),  winners  of  the  Victoria  Derby  and 
Champion  race  of  three  miles. 

LJL  . 

I        ELLEN  HORNE,  B.  M.,  1844. 

This  mare,  of  so  little  note  in  her  own  day,  is  now  famous  as  the  ancestress  of  the 
following  noted  winners,  in  female-tail  line : 

LORD  LYON,  b  c.,  1863,  winner  of  the  2000  Guineas,  Derby  and  St.  Leger  1866.  Sire 
of  Placida,  winner  of  the  Oaks ;  and  Minting,  winner  of  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris. 

ACHIEVEMENT,  winner  of  the  1000  Guineas  and  St.  Leger  of  1867. 

JANNETTE,  winner  of  the  Oaks  and  St.  Leger  at  3  years  and  the  Jockey  Club 
Cup  at  4. 

BEND  OR,  Derby  winner  of  1880,  City  and  Suburban  of  1881  and  Epsom  Cup  of 
1882.  Sire  of  the  great  Ormonde. 

LADAS,  winner  of  the  Derby  and  2000  Guineas  of  1894. 

CHELANDRY  (by  Goldfinch,  imported  in  California),  winner  of  the  1000  Guineas 
of  1896. 

There  is  no  mare  in  English  stud  history  which,  foaled  since  1840,  has  made  any 
such  showing  as  has  Ellen  Home,  who  is  also  ancestress  of  Blue  Mantle,  Man-at-Arms, 
and  Gardevisure,  winner  of  the  Cambridgeshire.  Considering  that  she  was  by  a  third- 
class  sire,  Ellen  Home's  prominence  is  something  wonderful. 

This  brings  me  to  the  end  of  my  English  chapter,  and  1  hope  I  have  not  offended 
any  of  my  British  critics,  for  I  have  endeavored  to  write  free  from  prejudice  and 
speak  only  of  things  as  I  have  seen  them  in  the  fierce  light  of  the  history  of  a  half- 
century.  I  may  have  erred  in  judgment,  but  believe  I  shall  at  least  be  given  credit 
for  honest  intentions. 


PART  IV. 

The  American  Thoroughbred 


'The  flag  is  lowered — they  re  off— they  come  I 

The  squadron  is  sweeping  on! 
There  s  a  sway  in  the  crowd — a  murmuring 

They're  here — they're  past — they're  gone. 
They  came  with  the  rush  of  the  southern  surf 
On  the  bar  of  the  storm-girt  bay ; 

)  like  muffled  drums  on  the  sounding  turf, 
'Their  hoof-strokes  echo  away" 

— GORDON. 


BRA 
or  THE 

1/NIV£R«I1 
or 

iiUfo* 


The  American  Thoroughbred 


It  had  been  the  custom,  up  to  1870,  to  regard  no  horse  as  thoroughbred,  in  the 
United  States,  unless  he  could  show  at  least  seven  well  authenticated  crosses  of  what 
the  French  call  "le  pur  sang,"  or  the  blood  of  horses  tracing  to  some  Arabian  or  other 
Oriental  stallion  imported  into  England,  where  all  of  our  earlier  importations  were 
made  prior  to  the  Revolution,  by  citizens  of  the  States  of  New  York,  Massachusetts 
and  Virginia,  the  planters  of  the  "Old  Dominion"  being  by  far  the  most  liberal  in- 
vestors in  that  direction.  I  append  a  list  of  many  of  the  most  valuable  stallions  im- 
ported in  the  pre-Revolutionary  period.  The  initials  stand  as  "D"  for  Darley  Arabian, 
"B"  for  Byerly  Turk,  and  "G"  for  the  line  of  the  Godolphin  Arabian.  The  figures 
denote  date  of  importation  (<about).  , 

NAME.      FOALED.  LINE.      SIRE  DAM's^SLKZ*^^  REMARKS. 

All  Fours  .1774  D  All    Fours Daughter  of  Blank    (G) Imp,  into  Connecticut. 

Americus    .1759  G  Babraham    ....Creeping  Molly  by  Second.... 

Antaeus     . .  1768       Spectator    Dam   not  given Stood   in   Virginia   in 

1771- 

Aristotle    .  .1764      Cullen  Arabian.  Daughter  of  Old  Crab 

Babraham    .1762  G  Babraham    ....  Imp.  Silver  by  Bellsize  Arabian  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

.  1776      Wildair     Daughter  of  Babraham    Raced  as  "Sir  Harry." 

.  1768  C  Babraham    ....  Daughter  of   Second.  ...-:..... 

.1771  C  Bosphorus    Daughter  of  Black  &  2  Black.  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

.  1759      Bajazet   Daughter  of   Old   Crab    

•  1773      Wildair    Imported  Cub  Mare  

.  1762  D  Blaze   Daughter   of   Gallant    

Bay  Bolton   . . .  Imp.  Blossom  by  Sloe Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

Highflyer    Daughter  of  Eclipse    Traces  to  Daffodil. 


Babraham 
Babraham 
Badger  . 
Bajazet  . 
Bashaw  . 
Batchelor 

Bky    Bolton 

Bay    Richmond. 

1774 

Bay    Richmond. 

1772 

Black  Prince  .  . 
Beau,  gr.  11.1748 


Feather    Matron  by  Cullen  Arabian.  . .  .  Imp.  from  Jamaica. 


Raced  in  Ireland. 


Cartouch    Bretts  mare  by  Greyhound.  . . 

Babraham   Riot  by  Regulus   

1767  G 

Bolton    ....1758      Shock    Sister  to  Miss   Partner    

Bonnyface  .1772      Regulus  Colt  . .  Fern  Mare  by  Hutton's  Royal 

Bosphorus  .1767      Bosphorus    ....  Daughter  of  Tartar   

Brunswick  .1764       Oronooko     ....Daughter   of    Babraham    .... 

Brutus    .  . .  1756  G  Regulus    Miss  Layton  by  Partner 

Bucephalus  1764      Locust  Cade  Mare — Partner  Mare. .. .  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

Buff  Coat   .1748  GGodol.  Arabian.  Silverlocks  by  B.  Galloway....  Died  Va.  1757. 
BulleRock    1718  D  Darley  Arabian  Dam  of  Byerly  Turk Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 


Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 
Believed   a  forgery. 


The  American  Thoroughbred 


NAME.        LINE.      SIRE  DAM^S    SIRE.  REMARKS. 

Cade    1756       Cade,  by  Godol.  Silvertail  .by  Whiterose    Stood    at    £3:. 

Arabian    .... 

Carver    ....  1774      Young  Snap   .  .  Daughter  of  Blank    

Centinel    ...1758      Blank    Naylor  m  by  Cade   

VChilders    .  .1751  D  Blaze   Daughter  of  Fox Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

v  Crab    1746      Crab    Daughter  of  Counsellor   Died  Va.    1750. 

Crawford  .  .1749      Cumberland  Ar-  Partner  M — Snake  M   Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

abian     

Creeper    .  . .  1772  G  Tandem   Harriet  by  Matchem   

Creole    .  . .  .17550      A.ncaster    Starl-  Dapple's  Dam Raced    as    "Negro." 

ing    

*  Cub    1748      Fox    Daughter  of  Snake    

Dabster    ..  .1735       Hobgoblin    ....  Daughter  of  Spanker   Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

D(avid     ....1763      Gower  Stallion.  Daughter  of  Fox   Cub 

Dormouse   .  1759      Dormouse    ....  Diana    by    Whitefoot    

Dotterel     ..1761       Changeling    .  . .  Wynn's    Arabian    Colt 

Dove     1762  G  Young  Cade   ..Daughter    of   Teazer Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

Eclipse    .  . .  1754  B  rsrtner    Bloody  Bay  Buttocks    Called  Harris  Eclipse. 

'Eclipse    ...1774  Dtclipse  (O'Kel- Amaryllis  by  Adolphus    Imp-  to  Maryland. 

ly's)     

Eugenius    ..1773      Chrysolite   Daughter  of  Regulus    

Follower     .  1766  G  Blank   Daughter  of  Partner  

^Fearnaught  1764  G  Regulus    Silvertail  by  Whitenose   

Fellow    ....  1763  G  Cade    Daughter    of    Goliah 

^Flimnap    . .  1771        South    Daughter    of    Cygnet    

Friar  1766       South    Babraham    Mare     

Genius    .  . .  1759  G  Babraham    ....  Aura  by  Stanford  Turk   

Gift. 1773      Cadormus    Daughter    of    Second    

Granby    .  .  ..1764  G  Blank    Daughter    of    Crab 

Hector   ....  1745  G  Lath    Sister  to  Snip   

Hero    1758  G  Blank    Dam  of  Gol.  Arabian   

Herod    1796  B  Y.    Herod    Dam  of   Conductor    Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

Hob  or  Nob.i754       Goliah   Dam  of  Bold  Galloway   

Jack   o'Diamonds     Cullen    Arabian  Dam  by  Darley  Arabian 

1748 

-Jolly   Roger  1760     Roundhead   ....Dam  of  Croft's  Partner  

Julius   Caesar  . .       Young  Cade   .  .  Dam    of    Snip    

1762  G 

Junius    ....1759      Starling   Dam   of    Crab    

Juniper    .  . .  1761  G  Babraham    ....  Dam  of  Stamford  Turk  

Justice   ....  1759  G  Regulus    Bolton's   Sweepstake    Probably   correct. 

Justice    ....  1763  G  Blank    Aura  by  Stamford  Turk 

King  Hiram  1764     Gory  Hall  ....  Rockingham  m — Yaries    Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

Loth    1771       Shepherds  Crab  Crazy  by  Lath  Raced  as  "Protector." 

Lofty    1759  GGodolphin     Ar- Spinster   by   Partner    

abian    

Lofty    Snap    Dam    not    given Died  S.  Carolina  1778 

Lonsdale    Jolly   .Roger. ..  Monkey  m — Lou  Arabian Date   not   given. 

Lycurgus    G  Blank  .  Bowery  Lass  by  Snip   

Magnum    Boni-       Matchem  .  Swift  m — Regulus  m.  . . 

urn    1775  G 

Mask    1764  G  Y.  Babraham    .Old    Cade    mare Imp.  to  So.  Carolina. 


The  American   Thoroughbred  75 


NAME.  LINE      SIRE  .          DAM'S    SIRE  REMARKS 

Matchem    ......       Bosphorus    ....  Villager  in  —  Cullen  Ar  ........  Date   not   given. 

North    Star  1772  G  Matchem    .....  Oronooko    mare  ............... 

Northumberland       Bustard     ......  Crab   m  —  Babraham   mare  ..... 


Old   England...       ..........................................    Ran   at   Phila.   1767. 

Oronooko   .1769        Crab    .........  Miss  S'lamerkin   ..............  Imp.   at  24  years. 

Oscar    .....  1766        Young   Snip    ..Morton's  Arabian   mare  .......  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

Othello    ...1748      Crab    .........  Miss    Slamerkin    .............  Raced    as    Black    and 

all  Black. 
Pacolet    .......       Spark    ........  Imp.  Queen  Mob  ..............  Date   not   given. 

Pabor     ....  1764  G  Regulus    ......  Daughter  of  Cade  ............ 

Partner    .  .  .  1766  B  Partner   .......  Sister  to  Starling  ............ 

Partner    .......       Moses    ........  Godol.   Arabian  mare    ........  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

Pharaoh     ..1761   B  Croft's    Partnei  Godol.   Arabian   mare    ........  An*jL»*. 

Porto    .....  1771   B  Herod    ........  Snap,    mare    ................    (No  '  taeiHgta     given 

from  Snap  mare.) 
Prince    ____  1775  B  Herod    ........  Helen   by   Blank    ............. 

Ranter    ____  1762      Dimple    .......  Daughter    of    Crab    .......... 

Regulus   ...1754      Regulus   .......  Daughter   of   Partner    ........ 

Republican    ____       Deut.   Ancaster.  Daughter  of  Old  Royal   ......  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

/Selim    .....  1768  BBajzet    ........  Miss  Thigh  by  Rib    .......... 

Shadow    ..  .i75Q  G  Babraham   .....  Daughter  of  Starling    ........ 

Shock     ____  1744  BJigg    ..........  Daughter   of   Partner    ........ 

Silver   Eye  .....       Cullen  Arabian.  Daughter  of  Curwen  Barb.... 

Sir  Walter   ....       Marplot    ......  Princess  by  Turk  ............  (Spurious    Pedigree.) 

Skim     .....  1749      Starling   .......  Miss  Mayes    ................. 

Skim    .....  1760      Cullen    Arabian  Not  given   ................... 

Slip     (or   Slim)       Babraham    .....  Sadbury  More   ............... 

........     17/2  G 

Slouch    ____  1752  G  Cade    .........  Little   Hartley   Mare  .......... 

Sloven    ....  1768      Cub    ..........  Bolton  Starling  mare  ..........  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

•    Snap     .....  1766  D  Snap    ..........  Vanesa  by   Regulus  ........... 

Snipe    .....  1768      Snap    ..........  Daughter  of  Blank  .....  fr.  .  .  . 

Sober  John  1748       Rib     ..........  Dam  unknown   ............... 

Spark     ........   D  Aleppo    .......  Bartlett's  Childers  mare   ...... 

Sportsman    1764       Son  of  Blaze.  ..  Daughter  of  Gold  Back  ....... 

Starling     ..1767       Old  Starling   ..Godol.  Arabian  mare  ......... 

Starling    .  .1764      Young  Starling.  Godol.  Arabian  mare  ......... 

Starling    (gray)       Young  Starling.  Godol.  Arabian  mare   ......... 

........     1764 

Sweeper    .  .1758      Sloe    ..........  Dam  of  Mogul    .............   Stood  in  S.  Carolina. 

Tarquin     ..1728       Hampt.      Court  Leedes    mare    ..............  ..  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

Arabian    ......  Imp.   by   Col.    Boyles, 

Tom    Jones  1755      Partner  ......  Dam  of  True  Blue   ..........     Va. 

Traveler    .  .1756       ,1'raveler   ......  Bartlett's  Childers  mare   ......  Bro.  to  the  one  above. 

Traveler    .  .1759      Partner  .....  :  .  B.  Bloody  Buttocks   ..........  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

Vampire    .  .1769       Regulus   .......  Wildair's    Dam    .............. 

Young  Spot  .  .  .       Old    Spot  ......  Regulus   mare    ...............  Not  in  Eng.  Stud  Bk. 

With  the  foregoing  list  of  ante-Revolutionary  importations  before  you,  it  is  easy 
to  see  how  forged  pedigrees  could  be  palmed  off  upon  an  unsuspecting  public.  Later 
on,  I  shall  show  how  horses  of  even  greater  reputation  as  performers  were  palmed 
off  as  thoroughbreds,  one  of  which  was  a  great  horse  himself  and  the  sire  of  the 


American  thoroughbred 

greatest  campaigner  ever  foaled  in  America.  Several  others  will  be  dealt  with  in  a 
like  manner,  and  no  effort  made  towards  screening  any  malefactors  in  this  direction. 
From  the  above  may  be  gleaned  the  fact  that  we  imported  winners  of  the  Derby, 
of  the  St.  Leger  and  of  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas,  nearly  all  of  whom  turned  out 
worthless.  Glencoe  was  worth  the  whole  bunch,  and  Margrave  was  certainly  worth 
at  least  one-half  of  them.  Trustee,  who  ran  second  to  St.  Giles  in  the  Derby  of  1832 
and  beat  Margrave  in  the  Claret  Stakes  of  the  year  following,  was  worth  all  the 
Derby  winners  ever  imported,  except  St.  Blaise ;  and  all  the  St.  Leger  winners,  barring 
Margrave  and  Don  John,  the  latter  of  whom  died  before  making  a  season.  Look 
over  the  list  of  importations  into  Australia  and  you  will  find  that  they  never  imported 
a  Derby  winner  at  all,  only  one  of  the  St.  Leger  and  two  winners  of  the  Two  Thousand 
Guineas;  and  it  is  a  grave  doubt  if  we  ever  bred  as  good  a  horse  as  Grand  Flaneur 
or  Carbine,  to  say  nothing  of  the  honest  little  Chester,  who  started  in  41  races,  won 
19  and  was  only  four  times  outside  the  money.  My  idea  is  that,  in  the  importation 
of  winners  of  classic  races,  our  English  brethren  contributed  largely  to  our  education 
in  metallurgy  by  handing  us  a  good  many  large-sized  gold  bricks.  Sir  Harry  was  one 
of  these  Derby  winners,  and  I  can  only  find  him  in  the  pedigree  of  Wild  Dayrell 
(Derby  of  1855)  and  of  Diamond  Jubilee  and  Persimmon,  nearly  fifty  years  later.  For 
horses  of  the  intervening  generations  of  that  line  I  would  not  give  forty  dollars  apiece. 
Then  there  were  two  full  brothers,  Archduke  and  Paris,  both  by  the  truly  great  Sir 
Peter,  both  Derby  winners  and  each  about  fit  to  stand  the  season  for  a  barrel  of  corn — 
and  on  the  cob  at  that — while  their  full  brother,  Stamford,  of  no  reputation  as  a 
turf  horse,  was  one  of  the  greatest  of  broodmare  sires  up  to  1820.  Priam,  who  won 
the  Derby  of  1830  and  the  Goodwood  Cup  of  1832  with  139  pounds,  was  a  different 
sort  of  animal,  for  he  got  three  winners  of  the  Oaks  in  his  first  four  seasons  (showing 
conclusively  that  his  daughters  were  of  more  account  than  his  sons)  a  stud  feat 
equalled  only  a  half-century  later  by  the  unrivalled  St.  Simon.  He  also  got  Dey  of 
Algiers,  winner  of  the  Chester  Cup,  and  Illiona,  who  won  the  Cesarewitch.  Imported 
Monarch,  whom  he  got  from  Delphine  (almost  a  sister  to  The  Colonel,  St.  Leger, 
1828)  before  leaving  England,  was  not  to  be  included  in  his  American  progeny,  all 
of  which  were  very  badly  knee-tied  and  very  difficult  to  train  on  account  of  their 
having  big  bodies  and  light  legs.  It  took  a  half  century  of  breeding  to  short-legged 
and  substantial  horses  like  Boston,  Lexington,  Lecompte  and  their  type  of  horses,  to 
eradicate  the  structural  defects  inflicted  upon  the  American  thoroughbred  horse  by 
the  importation  of  this  self-same  gallant,  speedy  but  outrageously-built  Priam.  Come 
out  to  California  and  I  will  show  you  his  replica — the  Emperor  of  Norfolk,  the  most 
magnificent  horse,  above  his  hocks  and  knees,  that  a  man  could  ask  to  see.  Grand 
Flaneur,  in  Australia,  resembled  him  more  than  any  horse  I  ever  saw,  but  he  had 
good  legs  and  a  great  pedigree,  while  the  Emperor  of  Norfolk  comes  from  a  line  of 
mares  that  never  had  yet  produced  as  good  as  a  third-class  sire.  And  he  is  the  Priam 
of  America — the  only  horse  that  ever  carried  off  all  three  of  the  annual  fixed  events, 
for  his  age,  at  Chicago — the  Derby,  Sheridan  and  Drexel — and,  probably,  the  only 
horse  that  ever  will.  Take  it  home  to  your  heart,  student  of  these  pages,  and  remember 
what  the  Honorable  James  White,  of  Australia,  told  me  sixteen  years  ago,  "My  Deal- 
Sir,  a  breeder's  path  is  full  of  thorns.  We  breed  great  race  horses  every  year  of  our 
lives,  but  we  breed  sires  about  three  times  a  century." 

Hence  I  am  frank  to  say  that  the  Australians  who,  prior  to  1860,  bred  merely  for 
substance  and  bone,  ignoring  previous  performances  on  the  part  of  their  imported 
stallions,  have  bred  wiser  than  we.  Outside  of  St.  Blaise  and  Diomed,  our  Derby 
winners  were  absolutely  worthless,  while  Margrave  is  about  the  only  St.  Leger  winner 
whose  name  can,  today,  be  found  in  the  tabulations  of  any  distinguished  American 
performers.  Glencoe,  a  Two  Thousand  Guineas  winner  and  unable  to  reach  better 
than  third  place  in  the  Derby  (to  Plenipo  and  Shillalagh)  was  worth  all  the  Derby 


T'he  American   thoroughbred  77 

and  St.  Leger  winners  imported  by  us,  if  you  will  kindly  throw  out  "the  hammer- 
headed  Margrave"  and  St.  Blaise,  but  you  must  remember  likewise  that  Glencoe  won 
the  Ascot  Cup,  to  confirm  his  races  of  the  previous  year ;  and  that,  at  five  years  old, 
he  walked  over  for  the  "Whip"  at  four  miles  (a  v/hip  made  from  the  tail  of  Eclipse),  a 
contest  in  which  the  world-famous  Touchstone  declined  to  become  a  participant. 

All  the  foregoing  importations  were  made  prior  to  the  Revolution,  which  put  a 
quietus  on  all  breeding  operations  for  the  next  ten  years.  About  1790,  however, 
matters  began  to  revive  and  importations  of  mares,  as  well  as  stallions  commenced 
once  more  in  earnest.  The  most  valuable  mare  imported  in  that  era  was  Castianira, 
foaled  in  1796  and  bred  by  Mr.  Popham,  whose  grandson,  more  than  half  a  century 
later,  bred  that  big  and  beautiful  Derby  winner,  Wild  Dayrell.  She  was  by  Rocking- 
ham,  son  of  Highflyer,  out  of  Tabitha  by  Trentham,  from  a  daughter  of  Bosphorus, 
from  a  sister  to  Grecian  Princess  by  Forester.  Her  American  produce  was  as 
follows : 

1803  bl  c  by  imp.  Mufti. 

1805  b  c  Sir  Archy  by  imp.  Diomed   (Derby  1780). 

1806  b  f  Highland  Mary  by  same. 

1807  cb  c  Hephestion  by  imp.  Buzzard   (Woodpecker). 

1808  b  f  Castania  by  imp.  Archduke. 

1809  sr  f  Virgo  by  imp.  Sir.  Peter  Teazle. 

1810  b  f  Noli-me-Tangere  by  Topgallant. 

I  should  always  have  been  disposed  to  give  imported  Diomed  (notwithstanding 
his  seventeen  years  of  failure  in  England)  the  credit  for  that  great  and  prepotent  sire 
Sir  Archy,  had  I  never  gone  to  Australia.  But  when  I  got  over  there  and  began  to 
study  Australian  pedigrees,  I  found  "Tabitha  by  Trentham"  hot  and  thick  among 
pioneer  importations,  long  before  people  had  begun  to  import  stallions  or  mares  from 
England  with  any  speculative  motives  in  view.  Hephestion  by  imp.  Buzzard  (who 
got  Selim,  Castrel  and  Rubens  before  leaving  England)  was  a  fairly  good  horse 
but  nowhere  near  such  a  sire  as  Sir  Archy.  "Impar  Congressus  Achilli"  as  the 
Roman  had  said  on  a  previous  occasion.  I  now  give  the  stallions  imported  between 
the  close  of  the  Revolution  and  the  "late  unpleasantness"  which  began  in  1861. 


The  American   Thoroughbred 


SECOND  EPOCH— 1783  to  1861 


NAME.  FOALED.  LINE.  SIRE. 

vAd'mfiral     1779  H     Florizel     . 

Admiral    Nelson     ..iSd^H     John   Bull 

Ainderby  (2) 1832  E  .Velocipede 

Albion    ( 1 1 )    1837  E    Actaeon    . 


DAM 

Diomed's 

Olivia    

Kate  by  Catton . 
Panthea     . 


Alderman     .........  1787  E 

Alexander    .........  1794  E 

Ambassador    .......  1794  E 

Ambassador    .......  1839  E 


Pot-a-os  ......  Lady    Bolingbroke.  . 

Alexander    ...  Sweet  Briar  M 
Emilius*    .....  Trapes  by  Tramp.  , 

Plenipotentiary  Jenny   Mills,   imp.. 


Anfield    ............  1860  H     The  Confessor  Eugenia 


Antonio    1856  H 

Arracan    1860  E 

Archibald  (3)   ...... iSoiH 

Atlantic    1836  E 

Australian    (n)    .  ..i8s8M 

Autocrat    1822  H 

Aysgarth  (9)    1856  E 

Balrownie  ( 10)    1850  E 

Barefoott    1820  E 

Baronet    1785  E 

Barksdale    Colt I793H 

Bedford  (3)    1792  E 

Belshazzar    (11)    ...i83oE 

Blenkiron     1869  E 

Bonnie  Scot.    (10) . .  1853  E 

Bosquet    1855  M 

Brahma   (10)    1833  H 

Brilliant    (2)    1791  H 

Bryan  O'Lynn  (5)..  1706 H 

Burgundy    (4)     1867  E 

Buzzard    1787  H 

Cannon   1789  E 

Carlo     1795  H 

Cetus    1827  E 

Chance    1797  H 

Chariot   1789  H 

Clifton    1797  H 

Clown    1785  H 

Couer  de  Leon 1789  H 

Comus    ( Berner's)  . .  1829  M 
Consol    1828  E 


Bay       Middle- 
ton*    

Ambrose    

Walnut    

Actaeon    

West  Austin*t 
Grand  Duke  . 

Barnton     

Annandale  .  . . 
Tramp  D  .... 
Vertumnus  .  .. 
Highflyer  .... 
Dungannon  .  .. 
Blacklock  . 


Sister   to   Aegis.  . .  . 

Ava   by   Lanercost . 

Javelin  mare   , 

Miss   Craven   

Emilia   imp    

Olivetta    

Inheritor  m  

Queen  Mary   , 

Rosamond    

Penultima     , 

Eclipse  mare 

Fairy  by  Highfli.  . . 
Manuella*    . 


REMARKS 


By   Cain   or   Acta- 
eon.    Actaeon 

given  as  sire. 


Foaled  after  land- 
ing. 

Landed  in  Nova 
Scotia. 

Bro.    to    Andover* 


Raced  as  "Milling- 
ton." 

Bartnon,  bro.  to 
Voltigeur. 


Sauterne    G...  Feodrowna    .... 

lago     Queen    Mary... 

Game    Boy....  Miss   Betsy    .... 

Solyman    Scrambler    

Phenomenon.  .  Faith    

Acton    Le   Sang  mare.  . 

Claret    Miss  Jephson . .  . 

Woodpecker    .(gflt±~iiS33«_ 
Dungannon    .  .  Miss    Spindleshanks.  . 

Balloon     Sister  to  Peter  Pindon 

Whalebone   .  . .  Lamia    

Lurcher    Recovery    

Highflyer     .  . .  Florizel  mare 

Abbe  Thule  .  .  Eustalia    

Bourdeaux    .  ..  Eclipse  mare  

Highflyer    ....  Dido  by  Eclipse 

Comus    Rotterdam    

Lottery    Cerberus   mare 


Ran  3rd  in  St.  Le- 
ger. 

Said    to    have    got 
no  foals. 


Sire    of    Selim. 


Sire  of  Miss  Foote 


The  American  ^Thoroughbred 


79 


NAME. 

Consternation     .  . 

FOALED.  LINE.             SIRE. 

.  .  .  1841  M    Confederate    .  . 

DAM 

Curiosity     

Contract       .... 

.  .  .1823  E     Catton    

Helen 

Cormorant     

.  .  .  1787  H     Woodpecker 

Nettletop 

Coronet     

.  .  .  182=1,  E     Catton    

Paymaster    mare 

Crawler    

.  .  .  I7Q2  H     Highflyer     .  .  . 

Harriet    . 

Cruiser      

.  ..i8s2H     Venison   

Buccaneer's    Dam 

Cumberland  

.  .  .1836  E     Camel    

Matilda 

Cynthus    

.  .  .  I799H     Acacia  

Yarico     

Daghee             .    .  . 

.  .  .  1829  E     Mtiley    

Sheik  mare 

Dancing  Master  . 

.  ..I788H     Woodpecker    . 

Madcap  

Dare  Devil  

.  .  .1787  H     Magnet    

Hebe    .  .  . 

Darlington 

.    .I787M     Clothier  

Highflyer   mare 

Derby 

.  .  .1831  H     Sir  Peter  Lely 

Imp    Urganda 

De   Bash        

.  ..I7Q2E     King  Fergus   . 

Highflyer   mare 

Diomed              .  .  . 

.  ..I777H     Florizel   

Sister  to  Juno 

Dion 

.  ..179=5  H     Spadille    

Faith     ...      . 

Doncaster           .  .  . 

.  .  .  1834  E     Longwaist    .  .  . 

Lady  Erro 

Don  Quixote  .... 

.  ..I784E     Eclipse    

Grecian    Princess 

.Dragon   

.  ..I788H     Woodpecker    . 

Juno   by   Spectator 

Driver 

.  .  .  1806  M    Driver    

Dorimant  mare 

Druid 

.  .i78oE     Pot-8-os 

Maid  of  the   Oaks 

Dungannon    

.  ..1786  E     Dungannon     .  . 

Flirtilla    

Kagle  

.  ..I7Q6E     Volunteer    .... 

Highflyer  mare  

1827  E     Whisker    

Beeswing's   Dam 

Emu      

.  .  .  i832M    Picton   

Cuirass    

Englishman 

.  ..i8i2E     Eagle     (imp.). 

Sister   to   Timidity... 

1833  E     Memnon  

Zarina   

Escape    

.  ..  170,8  E     Precipitate    ... 

Woodpecker    mare.  .  . 

Escape 

.  .  .I784H  Highflyer    

Thistle    

E*spersykes       .... 

.  .  .1837^     Belshazzar    ... 

Running  Rein's  Dam 

179=5  E     Pegasus    

Active   ... 

Express      

.  ..I786M    Postmaster 

Svphon   mare    

Exton         

.  .  .  1791  H     Highflyer    .  .  . 

lo    by    Spectator  

Felt 

.  .  1826  H     Langar    

Steam    

Firebrand 

.  .  .  1802  HL    Buzzard    

Fanny    

F>ireCail                  .  . 

.  .  17915  H     Phenomenon    . 

Columbine    

Flatterer 

.i83iE     Muley    

Clare  by  Marmion 

Flexible    

.  ..i822E     Whalebone    .  .. 

Themis    

Fly-By  Night     .  .  . 

.  .i853H     Fl'g   Dutchm'n 

The  Flapper     

\P"ox          

.  ..i832E     Stumps   

Fitz  James  mare 

Frederick      

.  .1810  H     Selim     

Englishman's    Dam 

Fylde      

.  .  .  1824  H     Antoniot   

Fadladinada 

Ga  briel    

.  .1790  H     Dorimant    .... 

Highflyer    mare 

»  Glencoe    

.  .  .1831  H     Sultan   

Trampoline        

Gouty    

.  .  .1796  H     Sir  Peter   .... 

Yellow  mare            .  .  . 

Ajreyhound    

.  ..I794M    Sweetbriar    ... 

Miss  Green   

Hambleton      .... 

,  .  .  1791  E     Dungannon 

Snap  mare 

Hark    Forward    . 

.  ..i84oE     Economist    ... 

Fanny    Dawson  

Hedereford 

.  .i82=;H     Filho  da  Puta. 

Miss  Craisrie   . 

REMARKS 


Not  in  Eng.  S.  B. 
Won  Derby  1780. 
Bro.  to  Alexander 


Bro.  to  Derby  win- 
ner. 

Ran  3d  in  St.  Le- 
ger. 


A  good  sire. 


Won   Chester   Cup 
1830. 


Best  imp.   to  date. 
She  won  the  Oaks. 


Bro.   to  Harkaway 
Bro.    to    Birming- 
ham. 


Hibiscus     18.34  H     Sultan    Duchess   of   York... 


The  American   Thoroughbred 


NAME.                    FOALED.  LINE.             SIRE. 

DAM 

REMARKS 

•  Highflyer    

.I783H     Highflyer  

Angelica    

Highlander    

.I799M    Paymaster    ... 

Harper's  Herod  mare 

Highlander    (Grey) 

.  I783H     Bordeaux   

Teetotum    

Honest   John    

•  I794H     Sir  Peter  ., 

Sister  to  Windlestone 

Hooton    

.  1840  H  .  Despot  

Catton  mare   

Hugh  Lupus  

.  1836  E     Priam*    

Her  Highness    

Iota    

.  1854  E     Storm    

Beta   by  Voltaire  

Jack  Andrews    .... 

.I794E    Joe    Andrews.. 

Highflyer    mare  

John   Bull    

•  1833  E     Chat.  Margaux 

Woful  mare    

Not  in  Eng.   S.   B. 

John    Bull*  

.I789H     Fortitude  

Xantippe    

Sister    to    Alexan- 

Jonah     

.1795  H    Escape  

Lavender    

der. 

Jordan    

•  i833H     Langar    .- 

Matilda"    

Justice    

.1782  H     Justice     

Miss  Timms   

Kilton   

.i833H     Figaro   

Blacklock   mare  

King  of  Cymry   .  .  . 

.1847  E     Touchstone  .  .  . 

Merganser    

King   William    .... 

.I782H     Florizel   

Milliner    

Knowsley     

.1796  H     Sir  Peter   

Capella    

Langford    

.  1833  E     Starch    

Peri    

Dam   of    Sir    Her- 

cules. 

Lapdog*     

.  1823  E     Whalebone    .  .  . 

Spaniel's  Dam    

Produced  2  Derby 

1 

winners. 

Lapidist    

.  1849  E     Touchstone  .  .  . 

lo  by  Taurus  

Imp.   into   Canada. 

Lawyer   

.18^2  E    Flatcatcher    ... 

Mrs.  Wright  

Brought   to   Cal. 

Leopard    

.  1842  E     Liverpool    

Sneaker  by   Camel  .  .  . 

j  Leviathan    

.1823  E     Muley  

Windle    mare  

loth    best    import. 

^Lightning    

.  1798  E     Mambrino  

Gimcrack    mare  

Liverpool  Colt   .... 

.1838  E     Liverpool   

St.  Patrick  mare  

Lochiel    

.I8.S5H     Sweetmeat    ... 

The  Mitre   

Ludford    

.1832  E     Wamba  ' 

Idalia    

Dam  of  Pantaloon 

Lurcher    

.  1832  M    Grey  Leg  

Harpalice   

3d  dam  of   Stock- 

Luzborough    

.i82oH     Ditto*    

Dick  Andrews   mare. 

well. 

Magic    

.I794E     Volunteer    

Marcella    

Mag.    Needle    

.I788H     Magnet    

Sweetbriar   mare  

Manfred    

.  1796  H     Woodpecker    . 

Mercury    mare  

Mango    

.i834E     Emilius    

Mustard    

Very    worthless 

considering      his 

. 

performances 

•Margravet    

.  1829  E    Muley  

Election   mare  

A  truly  great  sire 

Master  Robert   .... 

.I783H     Star    

Y.  Marske  mare  

Mendoza    

.  1789  E    Javelin   

Paymaster  mare  

Mercer    

.  1836  E     Emilius*    

Young  Mouse  

Merman    

.i826E     Whalebone    .., 

Mermaid    

Merryfield    

.i8o8E     Cockfighter  .  .. 

Star  mare  

"^Messenger     

.1781  E     Mambrino  

Turf  mare  

Founder  of  the 

American      trot- 

ting horse. 

Meux    

.  1833  H     Y.  Phantom  .  . 

Cerberus  mare   

Won     Great    Ebor 

Mickey    Fee  

.1841  E     Birdcatcher    .  . 

Annie    (Colly)  

Handicap. 

Monarch    

.i834E     E     Priam*    ... 

Imp.  Delphine    

Won  9  races,  nev- 

er beaten. 

Mordecai     , 

1833  E     Lottery    

Welbeck  mare    

Morven     

.i836E     Rowton   t  

Nanine    

Dam  of  Glaucus. 

"The  American  'Thoroughbred 


81 


NAME. 


FOALED.  LINE. 


SIRE. 


Mousetrap    1789  E 

Mufti     1784  H 

Nonplus    1824  E 

North   Star   1795  M 

Oberon    1805  M 

Obscurity   1778  E 

O'Kelly     1794  H 

Onus    1834  E 

-  Oscar    1795  E 

Pantaloon    1778  H 

Passaic    1836  M 

Paymaster    1792  H 

Pl]£nomenont    1780  H 

Philip    1828  H 

Phoenix    I7Q§  H 

Play  or  Pay 1791  H 

Portland     1834  E 

Precipitate    1787  E 

Priam*    1827  E 

Puzzle 1831  M 

Restless    1789  H 

Revenge    I79*  E 

Richard    1818  E 

Riddlesworth    1828  E 

Robin  Redbreast   .  . .  1796  H 

Rhoderick  Dhu   1807  H 

Rodney   1790  H 

Rudolph    1828  E 

Roman    1815  E 

Roscius   1841  H 

Rowtont  1826  E 

Royalist    1790  E 

Saltram*    1780  E 

l/Sarpedon    1828  E 

Scout  1836  E 

v/S'cythian    1851  E 

Sea  Gull    1787  H 

Serab  1821  H 

Shakespeare    1823  M 

Shamrock    1836  H 

Sharpcatcher  1859  E 

Silver    1789  E 

Sir  Harry*   1795  H 

Sir  Peter  Teazle  ...1791  H 
Sir  Peter  Teazle  . .  1802  H 
Sir  P.  Teazle  (Young)  H 

1801 

Sir   Robert    1832  H 

Sir   Tatton    1856  E 


Y.  Marske.  .  . .  Gentle  Kitty   

Fitz  Herod  .  . .  Infant  mare  

Catton  Miss  Garforth  

Matchem  Lass  o'  the  Mill 

Oberon Ranthos  mare 

Eclipse Careless  mare  

Anvil  Eclipse  mare  

Camel Rubens  mare 

Saltram*     ....Highflyer    mare 

Herod  Nutcracker  

Reveller Rachel,  sist.  to  Moses 

Paymaster    .  . .  Otho  mare  .^. 

Herod    Frenzy^^-. 

Filho  da  Putat  Treasure    

Dragon    Portia    

Ulysses    Herod  mare    

Recovery Walton  mare    

Mercury Herod  mare    

Emilius*    Cressida    

Reveller Juniper  mare    

Phenomenon^  .  Duchess  of  Le  Sang. 

Achilles   Lively  Lass  

Orvillet    Miss  Sophia   


A  good  sire. 


Bro.   to   Leda   and 
Arachne. 


Bro.    to    Gohanna. 
Won  Goodwood 

Cup  with  139  lb. 

at   5  years. 
Not  in  Eng.  S.  B. 
Bro.   to   Master 

Henry. 


Emilius    

Sir  Peter   

Sir  Peter   

Paymaster  .  . . 
Der  Freischutz. 
Camillus  

Gambol  

Oiseau  

Saltram*    .... 

Eclipse     

Emilius  

St.  Nicholas  .  . 
Orlando* 

Woodpecker    . 

Phantom  .... 
Smolensko*  .  .. 

St.  Patrickt.  .. 
Flatcatcher  .  . . 
Mercury 

Sir  Peter 

Sir  Peter   

Sir  Peter   

Sir  Peter   . 


Filagree    

Wren  by  Woodpecker 

Y.  Marske  mare 

Nina    

Frailty    

Leon  Forte   

Negociator  mare 

Katherine  . .  ."77 

Herod  mare    

Virago  by   Snap    .... 

Icaria    

Mrs.    Walker    

Scythia    

Middlesex    

Jessy    

Charming  Molly   .... 

Delight  imp    

Daughter  of  Cowl .  . . 

Herod  mare    

Matron    

Lucy    

Vivaldi's    dam    

Alexander  mare 


Won   Chester   Cup 
1854- 


Imported  in  utero. 


Sire     of     Haxall's 
Moses. 


Bobadil  Fedalma    

Dan    O'Rourke  Hampton  mare 


82 


'The  American  Thoroughbred 


NAME. 

Skylark     . 


FOALED.  LINE.  SIRE. 

. .  .  1826  E     Waxy  Pope* 


Slender    1780  H 

Somersault    1858  E 

Somon/ocodron 1830  E 

Sorrow    1835  E 

Sourcrout    1786  H 

Sovereign  1836  E 

Spadille    1785  H 

Speculator     1795  H! 

Spread    Eagle*    .  ...ijgaE 

Stafford    1833  E 

Star    1785  H 

Stirling    1791  E 

Stone   Plover    1850  E 

Strap     1800  E 

Stratford .  .1834 

St.    George    ...1789  H 

St.    Giles*    1829  E 

St.    Paul    1787  H 

Tattersall    1837  H 

Telegraph    '. .  . .  1795  H 

Teneriffe    1832  E 

The  Tester   1853  M 

Tickle  Toby   1786  M 

Toby    1786  H 

Tom    Breese 1835  H 

Tom  Crib 1847  H 

youchstone    1794  M 

Trafalgar     1796  H 

Tranby    1826  E 

\Traveler   1732  E 

True  Blue   1797  H 

True  Blue  1866  E 

Truffle    (Young)     .  .1824  M 

•trustee    1829  E 

Tup     1796  E 

Valentine    1823  E 

Valparaiso     1831  E 

Venetian    1786  H 

Victory     1825  H 

Volney    1833  E 

Warminster     1859  E 

Waxey    Pope    E 

Whale     1850  E 

Whip     1794  E 

William    IV 1834  E 

Wonder    1794  H 

Wonder    1788  H 

Wrangler    1794  H 


Herod    

Voltigeur 

Brut  andorf    C 

Defence    

Highflyer    . . . 
Emilius* 
Highflyer    .  . . 

Dragon  

Volunteer     .  . . 

Memnont 

Highflyer  . . . 
Volunteer  . . . 
Cotherstone  . 
Beninbrought 
Shakespeare  . 
Highflyer  ... 

Tramp    

Highflyer     .  . . 

Saracen  

Sir    Peter    .  . 
Conqueror 
Melbourne  .  . . 

Alfred 

Highflyer  .  . . 
St.  Patrickt.  . 
Gladiator  . . . 
Matchem 
Sky  Rocket  . 
Blacklock  .  .  ^ 

Eclipse    

Walnut    

Vedette    

Truffle    

Catton    

Javelin    

Magistrate    . .  . 
Velocipede    .  .. 

Doge    

Waterloo 
Velocipede    . . . 
Newminstert    . 
Waxy  Pope*   . 
Whalebone*     . 
Saltram* 
Tranby    (imp.) 
PheiTomenont. 

Florizel    

Diomed*     . 


DAM  REMARKS 

Musician'  mare   Won  Corinthian 

Stakes  at  York 
with  168  Ibs.  up 
(1832). 

Ruth    Bro.    to   Highflyer. 

Golconda    

Traveler  mare 

Imported    Tears 

Jewel   

Fleur  de  Lis 

Flora   

Sister  to  Sting 

Highflyer  mare 

Piscator  mare  

Snap    mare 

Harriet    

The  Wryneck  

Highflyer   mare    

Pheasant     

Eclipse  mare 

Arcot  Lass    Dam    of    2    Derby 

Purity    winners. 

Minnow    

Fame    

Mulatto  mare 

Pickledust    

Celia  by  Herod 

Matchem  mare  

Maria    

Jemima   

Regulus  mare  

Miss  Hebe 

Miss   Bowe's  Dam... 

Herod  mare    

K.  Fergus  mare 

Amaranth     

Helen    

Emma   Bro.     to     Mundig, 

Flavia    1835 

Miss   Forester 

Juliana    

Helen    

Adeline    

Voltaire's    Dam 

Black    Bess 

Swordsman  Mare....  Bred  in  Ireland 

Rectory     

Herod   mare    

Codicil    

Diomed  mare   

Sacharisa     

Fleacatcher    . 


'The  American   Thoroughbred  83 

NAME  FOALED      LINE.  SIRE.  DAM  REMARKS 

Yorkshire     1796  L  Jfupiter     Madcap    

Yorkshire    1834  E  St.  Nicholas  .  .  Miss  Rose   

Young  Barnton    .  . .  .1854  E  Barnton     Envy  by  Perion Dam  of  Imp.  Aus- 

Young    Fazzoletto    .  iS.syE  Fazolletto    ....Emilia  imp    tralian. 

Young  Flatcatcher   .  1856  E  Flatcatcher    . .  Miss  Gilmour  

Zinganee,    A 1825  E  Tramp  D    Folly    

Zinganee   Colt    1836  E  Zinganee   A. . .  Theresa    Paraza 


*   Won  the  Derby;  t  won  the  St.  Leger;  A  won    the    Ascot    Cup;    C    won    the    Chester    Cup;    D 
won   the    Doncaster   Cup;    G   won   the  Goodwood   Cup. 


THE     THIRD     EPOCH 


From  the  Close  of  the  Civil  War  to  Date 

The  civil  war  virtually  closed  up  all  the  breeding  farms  in  Virginia  and  put  a 
pretty  harsh  crimp  into  those  of  Kentucky  and  Tennessee.  But  before  peace  had 
been  declared  and  while  the  war  clouds  still  hung  over  the  land,  the  first  step  was  taken 
in  the  direction  of  modern  first-class  racing  by  the  Laclede  Jockey  Club  of  St.  Louis, 
the  first  racing  association  in  America  to  diversify  its  programmes  by  giving  races  at 
fractional  distances,  similar  to  those  in  England.  It  had  long  been  well  known  to 
our  most  sagacious  turfmen  that -there  were  plenty  of  horses  that,  in  those  days  of 
heats  at  three  and  four  miles,  could  stay  well  up  to  two  and  a  half  miles  but  were 
"out  of  it"  at  three  miles ;  or  that  could  run  fast  up  to  a  mile  and  a  half  but  could 
not  win  at  two.  The  Laclede  Club,  therefore,  gave  three  races  each  day,  one  for 
$  1,000,  and  the  other  two  being  stake  events  with  from  $3,000  to  $5,000  added.  It  was 
the  most  brilliant  meeting  held  in  America,  outside  of  New  Orleans,  for  the  previous 
fifty  years ;  and  there  it  was  that  Norfolk,  Asteroid,  Ulverston,  Bayflower  and 
Rhynodine  earned  their  first  laurels. 

That  summer,  John  Morrissey,  ex-prize  fighter  and  future  Congressman,  leased 
an  old  trotting  track  at  Saratoga,  N.  Y.,  that  had  been  laid  off  in  1852  by  William 
Woodruff  (a  brother  of  the  only  Hiram)  and  converted  it  into  a  running  track  with 
a  lot  of  purse  races,  graduated  on  the  following  scale : 

Mile  heats   $400  Four-mile  heats  $1000 

Two-mile  heats   $600  Mile  heats,  3  in  5 $500 

Three-mile  heats  $800 

In  addition  to  these  were  two  stake  races  of  $100  each,  half  forfeit,  with  $600  added 
for  two-year-olds,  at  one  mile ;  and  $800  for  the  three-year-old  stake.  The  two- 
year-old  stake  was  won  by  Satinstone,  by  Lapidist,  and  the  three-year-old  event  by 
Captain  Moore,  by  imported  Balrownie,  out  of  Jenny  Rose  by  imported  Glencoe.  The 
two-mile  heats  were  won  by  the  Canadian  horse  Thunder,  by  Lexington  out  of  Blue 
Bonnet ;  the  three-mile  race  by  Rhynodine,  by  Wagner  out  of  Ann  Watson  by  Glencoe ; 
and  the  four-miles  by  Jerome  Edger  (then  re-christened  John  Davidson)  by  Star 
Davis.  It  was  evident  that  racing  at  the  North  was  in  a  fair  way  of  revival  and 
Morrisey  gave  out  there  would  be  an  increase  of  purses  and  stakes  in  the  following 
year,  as  well  as  an  augmentation  of  accommodations  for  visitors.  It  was  at  this 
Saratoga  meeting  that  auction  pools  were  sold  (by  Dr.  Underwood)  for  the  firs! 
time  at  the  North,  though  they  had  been  sold  ten  years  previously  at  the  Southern 
tracks  by  the  same  intelligent  gentleman.  • 

It  was  not  known,  however,  until  October,  1866,  that  racing  at  the  North  assumed 
a  tangible  and  permanent  shape,  through  the  opening  of  Jerome  Park,  situated  on  the 
line  of  the  Harlem  railroad  in  Westchester  County,  New  York,  in  what  is  now 
called  the  "Department  of  the  Bronx,"  from  the  little  river  of  that  name.  It  was  a. 
curiously,  yet  picturesquely,  located  piece  of  ground  with  a  high  bluff  about  the 
middle  of  the  back-stretch.  This  led  to  the  construction  of  a  mile  track  shaped  like 
the  accompanying  diagram : 


X    The  bluff  on  which  was  situated  a  beautiful  club  house. 


'The  American  Thoroughbred  85 

This  track  was  built  as  a  private  enterprise  on  the  part  of  Leonard  W.  Jerome,  a 
wealthy  stock  broker  of  New  York,  and  leased  to  the  American  Jockey  Club,  of 
which  that  many-sided  man,,  the  elder  August  Belmont,  was  president ;  and  Dr.  John 
B.  Irving,  of  South  Carolina,  was  secretary,  but  retired  at  the  end  of  two  seasons  in 
favor  of  Major  Charles  Dickinson,  under  whom  I  served  as  a  copying  clerk  in  the 
legislature  of  1855,  at  Sacramento,  he  being  the  Secretary  of  the-  Senate. 

If  ever  a  man  was  fit  to  take  up  a  decadent  sport  and  place  it  upon  a  permanent 
and  secure  footing,  that  man  was  the  elder  August  Belmont ;  and  an  acquaintance  of 
twelve  years  with  his  son,  August,  enables  me  to  pronounce  him  "a  chip  of  the  old 
block."  If  you  wanted  a  leader  in  society,  he  was  one,  a  strong  believer  in  the  money 
power  but,  for  all  that,  a  sturdy  stickler  for  the  aristocracy  of  intellect.  Did  you 
want  a  statesman  who  was  not  a  chronic-office-seeker?  Read  Mr.  Belmont's  speech 
of  1848  before  the  Peace  Conference  at  the  Hague.  A  financier,  did  you  say?  Re- 
member that  he  came  to  New  York,  about  one  step  above  a  confidential  clerk  in  1834 
and  died  in  1889  worth  twenty-four  millions,  all  honestly-earned  money  with  no 
dirt  sticking  to  it;  and  that  our  present  foreign  exchange  system,  in  banking,  is  due 
more  to  his  splendid  business  ability  than  to  that  of  any  other  dozen  men  in  America, 
living  or  dead.  And  as  for  the  turf,  he  was  the  great  High  Priest.  It  is  given  to 
but  few  men  to  shine  in  as  many  walks  of  life  as  he  did.  The  reason  of  this  is  that, 
under  a  very  abrupt  manner  (at  times),  and  a  choleric  temper  superinduced  by  a 
bullet  wound  in  a  duel  in  his  earlier  life,  he  hid  a  strongly  sympathetic  nature  and  a 
helping  hand  at  all  times  for  "the  under;  dog  in  the  fight/'  As  a  more  gifted  writer 
than  myself  said  of  him  at  the  time  of  his  death,  "he  was  so  intensely  versatile  that 
nothing  human  was  alien  to  the  broad  guage  of  his  nature."  Another  friend  of  mine 
said  of  him,  "Belmont  is  a  born  Spartan,  brave  as  a  bull-dog  and  generous  as  the 
town  pump."  Is  it  any  wonder  that,  under  the  leadership  and  tutelage  of  such  a  man, 
the  American  Jockey  Club  placed  racing  in  these  United  States  of  ours  on  an  equal 
plane  with  the  great  sport  in  England  and  France  The  hour  found  the  man. 

On  the  dissolution  of  Jerome  Park  and  its  subdivision  into  residence  property, 
the  sweepstake  races  were  taken  over  and  continued  at  Morris  Park  in  1892.  Morris 
Park  will  soon  share  the  fate  of  Jerome  Park  and  the  scene  will  shift  to  the  new 
Belmont  Park,  which  will  cost  two  millions  before  it  takes  in  a  single  dollar  at  its 
gates.  It  is  the  work  of  the  old  Master  Spirit's  son,  of  course,  but  the  few  veterans 
who,  like  myself,  "lag  superfluous  on  the  stage"  of  life,  will  recall  the  sturdy  little 
old  man  with  the  fur-lined  overcoat  and  the  heavy  cane,  as  they  hear  "the  name  to 
be  conjured  with."  Mr.  Belmont  imported  the  stallions,  Glenelg  and  The  111  Used, 
both  great  sires,  whose  daughters  have  been  amongst  our  best  producers ;  thoroughbred 
mares,  mostly  from  the  Rothschild  and  Blenkiron  paddocks  in  England;  and  so  many 
in  number  that  I  have  no  space  in  which  to  enumerate  them  but  am  compelled  to 
refer  the  reader  to  the  pages  of  the  American  Stud  Book. 

With  racing  fairly  established  at  Jerome  Park,  there  soon  sprung  up  a  rival  racing 
plant  at  Pimlico,  in  Maryland,  the  leader  in  which  was  the  late  Colonel  Odin  Bowie. 
As  permanent  fixtures  at  that  track  I  may  mention  the  Bowie  Stakes,  at  four  miles, 
won  by  that  great  horse,  imported  Glenelg,  in  1869,  beating  Niagara,  own  sister  to 
the  mighty  Preakness,  hero  of  the  dead  heat  at  Saratoga — the  fastest  race  in  America 
up  to  that  time,  1875,  and  the  walk-over  winner  of  the  Brighton  Cup  in  England  in 
the  year  that  followed.  Two  other  fixed  events  of  that  course  were  the  Dixie  and 
Breckinridge  Stakes,  run  four  days  apart,  both  at  two  miles  but  conditioned  that  the 
winner  of  the  Dixie  should  carry  5  Ibs.  penalty  in  the  Breckinridge.  If  my  memory 
is  not  surely  at  fault,  the  only  horse  to  win  both  these  events  was  the  bay  filly 
Vandalite,  by  Vandal  (who  saved  the  male  line  of  Glencoe  from  extinction)  out  of 
Vesperlight  by  Childe  Harold,  son  of  Sovereign.  Vandalite  died  the  property  of  Mr. 
James  B.  Haggin,  at  Sacramento,  California,  in  1898.  The  decadence  of  racing  at 


S6  The  American  Thoroughbred 

Baltimore,  for  it  ceased  several  years  prior  to  Col.  Bowie's,  death,  was  largely  owing 
to  that  gentleman's  insisting  upon  acting  as  presiding  judge  while  owning  contending 
horses  in  the  races  at  that  place. 

The  Coney  Island  Jockey  Club's  plant  was  established  in  1884  at  Sheepshead  Bay 
and  was  inaugurated  with  the  first  running  of  the  "Surburban  Handicap,"  now  worth 
$20,000;  and  the  Brooklyn  Jockey  Club,  in  1887,  opened  a  new  track  at  Gravesend 
with  a  race  known  as  the  "Brooklyn  Handicap,"  won  by  Dry  Monopole,  with  Blue 
Wang  second  and  Hidalgo  third,  in  a  heads-apart  finish  that  is  still  referred  to  as  the 
greatest  contest  ever  seen  on  that  already  classic  ground.  There  are  a  large  number 
of  valuable  handicaps  and  sweepstakes  run  at  both  of  these  tracks,  but  it  is  only  of 
those  at  Sheepshead  Bay  that  I  now  propose  to  speak,  the  Realization  for  three-year- 
olds  at  one  mile  and  five  furlongs,  run  late  in  June  ;  and  the  Futurity  Stakes  for  two- 
year-olds,  run  at  six  furlongs,  during  the  last  week  in  August.  The  Realization  was 
inaugurated  in  1887  and  was  won  by  Mr.  J.  B.  Haggin's  ch  c'  Salvator.  by  imported 
Prince  Charlie  out  of  Salina  by  Lexington.  Its  value  was  $34,000  in  that  year,  the 
highest  sum  ever  reached  in  that  race,  from  which  it  has  steadily  declined  till  in  1902 
(won  by  Major  Dangerfield)  its  total  was  but  $12,875  or  about  30  per  cent  of  its 
original  value.  It  has  been  won  but  once  by  an  imported  colt,  The  Friar,  in  1897 ; 
and  imported  Eothen  (by  Hampton)  is  the  only  stallion  to  get  two  winners  of  the 
Realization,  so  far — Requital  in  1896  and  Ethelbert  (Perry  Belmont's  colt)  in  1899. 

The  Futurity  was  inaugurated  in  1888  and  won  in  that  year  by  Proctor  Knott 
(son  of  Luke  Blackburn)  with  Salvator  second  and  a  Missouri-bred  colt  called  Galen 
third.  I  did  not  see  the  race — nor  any  other  Futurity,  for  that  matter,  being  then  on 
duty  at  Melbourne  as  one  of  a  Board  of  Commissioners  from  America  to  the 
World's  Fair  commemorating  the  centennial  of  that  antipodean  city.  The  value  of  the 
Futurity  in  that  year  was  $40,900  but  in  1890,  when  Potomac  and  Masher  (both  bred 
by  the  elder  Belmont)  ran  one-two  for  it,  its  value  had  risen  to  $67,775,  gross  value 
of  course.  Since  then  it  has  steadily  declined  in  value  till,  in  1899  when  it  was  won 
by  Air.  J.  R.  Keene's  Chacornac,  its  gross  value  was  but  $30,630.  I  can  only  regard 
this  race  as  a  national  calamity  for  it  has  led  up  to  the  training  of  a  lot  of  large  and 
growthy  two-year-olds  that  have  been  knocked  to  pieces  by  the  severe  exercise  to 
which  they  were  subjected.  As  a  proof  of  what  I  say,  let  me  show  you  that,  in 
fifteen  renewals  of  the  Realization,  it  has  only  been  twice  won  by  the  Futurity  winner 
of  the  previous  year— Potomac  in  1891  and  Requital  in  1896.  We  had  already  too 
much  two-year-old  racing  before  the  Futurity  was  started  up  and  it  has  only  served 
to  intensify  a  deeply-rooted  evil,  with  little  or  no  prospect  of  its  amelioration.  Look 
over  this  comparative  table: 

REALI-  REALI- 

FUTURITY.      ZATION  FUTURITY.      7ATION 

Proctor  Knott    i            o                   Requital    i  i 

Salvator    2             i                     Ogden    i  o 

Potomac    i             i                    L'Alouette    i  o 

Strathmeath     3             3                     Martimas     I  o 

His  Highness   i            o                    Chacornac    i  o 

Tammany    o            i                    Ethelbert    o  i 

Morello    i            o                    Pr.    of    Melbourne o  i 

Domino     I             o                    Parader     o  i 

Dobbins    3            i                    Hamburg   Belle    i  2 

Butterflies    i  o 

Of  course  as  long  as  it  costs  but  $10  to  nominate  a  mare  in  the  Futurity  with  but 

one  subsequent  payment  before  the  yearlings  are  sold  at  auction,  just  so  long  will 
extensive  breeders  like  Mr.  J.  B.  Haggin  (who  has  nearly  one  thousand  mares)  and 

a  score  of  others  who  own  from  fiftv  to  one  hundred  matrons,  to  continue  to  nominate 


'The  American  'Thoroughbred  87 

the  produce  of  their  mares  in  the  Futurity ;  and  as  a  natural  consequence,  from  200  to 
500  good  two-year-olds  a-r-e-  annually  knocked  to  pieces  in  a  vain  effort  to  bring  them 
to  the  post  in  the  great  Futurity.  If  men  would  only  train  small  colts  and  fillies 
for  two-year-old  events,  like  the  Futurity,  the  Matron  and  the  Saratoga  special,  say 
youngsters  of  15  hands  high,  there  could  be  no  great  harm  in  such  racing.  But  when 
they  take  up  a  sixteen-hander  in  April  and  try  to  make  him  win  these  big  events, 
they  chance  the  ruin  of  what  might  become  a  Henry  of  Narvarre,  a  Delhi  or  an 
Irish  Lad,  all  great  winners  at  three.  At  the  bottom  of  all  this  there  can  be  nothing 
but  greed.  I  speak  plainly  on  matters  of  this  sort,  as  I  do  on  nearly  everything  else. 
I  always  endeavor  to  say  a  kind  word  where  I  can ;  and  surely,  the  right  to  applaud 
carries  with  it  the  right  to  censure. 

Legitimate  racing  in  the  middle  West  (except  at  St.  Louis,  -already  referred  to) 
languished  for  a  long  time.  Kentucky  had  become  the  cradle  of  the  thoroughbred 
horse  immediately  after  the  Civil  War  was  ended  and  the  prominence  of  the  Old 
Dominion,  as  a  breeding  ground  was  gone  forever.  In  1875  the  Kentucky  Derby  and 
Louisville  cup  were  established,  the  former  race  being  won  four  times  by  geldings 
in  its  first  seven  years.  Twenty  years  ago,  the  winner  of  a  Kentucky  Derby  meant 
something,  when  Hindoo,  Fonso.  Leonatus,  Joe  Cotton  and  Spokane  carried  it  off, 
but  of  late  years  it  has  been  won  by  some  very  ordinary  horses.  And  as  for  the 
once  great  Louisville  Cup,  once  emblazoned  with  the  victories  of  Montana  Regent, 
John  Davis  and  Lucky  B,  it  has  dropped  out  of  sight,  apparently  forever.  The  trib 
of  Ikey  Mo'  doesn't  want  long  races  and,  with  the  exception  of  the  meetings  held  in 
the  Atlantic  seaboard  States,  the  trades  are  generally,  if  not  wholly,  run  in  the  interest 
of_the  bookmakers,  from  whose  "cut  in"  comes  such  a  large  revenue  that,  in  many 
Instances,  the  "gate  money"  is  almost  clear  profit.  In  England,  the  bookmakers  have 
to  protect  tHemselvesF  but  in  this  country,  and  more  especially  at  the  winter  tracks, 
they  too  often  obtain  very  marked  consideration  at  the  hands  of  the  officials,  jjjor  my 
part,  I  can  only  regard  bookmaking  as  the  curse  of  modern  racing.  It  was  the  means 
of  closing  up  all  the  race-courses  in  New  Jersey,  thereby  involving  a  clear  loss  of  one 
million  dollars  to  the  estate  of  the  late  David  D.  Withers  who  built  the  beautiful 
Monmouth  course  at  Long  Branch.  Other  States  are  likely  to  follow  in  the  wake  of 
New  Jersey  unless  a  radical  step  is  made  in  the  direction  of  reform,  which  is  not  likely. 
The  average  bookmaker  is  a  man  whose  motto  is  "After  me  the  deluge." 

The  Washington  Park  course  at  Chicago,  inaugurated  in  1884  through  the  tireless 
efforts  of  John  E.  Brewster.  now  ten  years  dead,  demands  something  more  than  a 
mere  passing  notice  at  the  writer's  hands.  It  was  opened  with  several  fixed  events, 
the  most  prominent  being  the  American  Derby  and  the  Washington  Park  Cup.  The 
former  is  a  mile  and  a  half  for  three-year-olds,  but  with  accrued  penalties,  which  1 
do  not  think  should  exist  in  any  Derby  race,  though  it  undoubtedly  leads  up  to 
larger  fields  of  starters  on  account  of  maiden  allowances.  Such  a  race  is  not  a  Derby 
but  a  Handicap.  The  Washington  Park  Cup  was  a  weight-for-age  race  at  two  miles, 
with  no  penalties,  but  was  abolished  at  the  end  of  six  years,  much  to  my  regret.  Had 
they  made  it  a  handicap,  it  would  have  been  the  biggest  drawing  card  of  any  race  in 
America,  outside  of  the  two  big  handicaps  at  Gravesend  and  Sheepshead  Bay. 

Following  the  opening  of  Jerome  Park,  came  an  opening  for  breeders.  All  fixed 
events  at  that  place  we-re  so  conditioned  as  to  close  when  the  colt  were  yearlings 
and  this  made  the  modern  auction  market,  which  removes  the  burden  of  training 
from  the  shoulders  of  the  breeders  and  places  it  upon  the  .sporting  element.  The 
following  are  the  more  noted  importations  since  that  period: 


88 


'The  American  Thoroughbred 


(From  American  Stud  Book,  Vol.  I.) 

NAME  FOALED     LINE.  SIRE.  •  VAu'SSOHf  REMARKS 

Aysgarth    1856  E     Barnton   Inheritor  mare  Barnton  is  brother 

to   Voltigeur. 
Billet    1865  E    Voltigeur    Calcutta    


Blenkiron 


Breadalbane  colt   ...i87oE 

Buckden    1869  E 

Cockahoop    1861  H 

Cross  the    Sea 1870  H 

Eclipse    1856  E 

Fiat    1863  E 

Glen  Athol    1869  E 

Glenelg    1866  E 

Glen   Nevis    1866  M 

Haddington    i86oE 

Hampton    Court 1864  M 

Hartington  C    1861  E 

Heir   at  Law    1869  M 

Hurrah    1862  E 

Intruder   1871  E 

King  Amadeus 1871  E 

King  Ernest   1869  E 

Lochiel    1856  H 

Macaroon     1871  H 

Marsyas  colt 1870  E 

Nena  Sahib  1857  E 

Phaeton    1865  E 

Reveller    1867  M 

Saunterer  colt   1870  E 

Stonehenge    1870  E 

Strachino    1870  H 

Thunderbolt    colt...  1871  E 

Warminster    1860  E 

Y.  Fazzoletto   1859  E 

Y.   Flatcatcher    .      .  .  1860  E 


Saunterer  .  . . .  Feodrowna  Died  and  got  no 

foals. 

Breadalbane  . .  Ellermire  Named  "The  111 

Used." 

Lord  Clifden. .  Consequence  Great  sire  of  early 

speed. 

The  Confessor  Delia  by  Dick Died  before  land- 
ing. 

Ely  A   Beatrice    No  foals  reported. 

Orlando* Gaze   Greatest  speed  sire. 

The   Judge.  . . .  Van  Tromp  mare.  . . .  Imp.    into   Canada. 

Blair    Athol*t.  Greta  Fairly  good  sire. 

Citadel   Imp.  Babta    Came  as  a  yearling. 

Oulston  Q  ...Volucris    No  foals  reported. 

King  ofTrumps  Announcement  Imp.    from    China. 

Y.    Melbourne  Durindana   Sire  of  Explosion. 

Voltigeur    ....  Countess  Burlington.  . 

Warlabie  Blue    Belle    Imp.   into   Canada. 

Newminstert.  .  Jovial     

Crater    Lady    Bountiful Died  in  California. 

King  ofTrumps  Amethyst    No  foals  reported. 

King    Tqm.  . .  .  Ernestine    Sire  of  King  Eric. 

Sweetmeat  QD  The    Mitre    

Macaroni*    .  . .  Songstress    

Marsyas     Marchioness    

Horn  of  Chase  Birdcatcher    mare. . . .  Imp.into  California 

King  Tom.  . .  .  Merry  Sunshine Sire  of  Ten  Broeck 

Prime  Minister  King  Tom  mare 

Saunterer    ....  Tested    No  foals  reported. 

Blair    Athol*t.  Coimbra   

Parmesan  Q  .  May  Bell  Good  brood  mare 

sire. 

Thumlerbok. .  .  Killarney    No  foals  reported. 

Newminster    . .  Black  Bess 

Fazzoletto  ....Emilia   imp   (See    Australian.) 

Flatcatcher    . ,  .  Miss    Gilmour    . 


(From  American  Stud  Book,  Vol.  III.) 


Ashtead    1865  E 

Athlete    1872  E 

Bellenden    1868  E 

Brigadier    1869  E 

Cobham    1870  H 

Earl   Marshal 1871  E 

Flodden    1868  H 

Glengarry   1866  H 

Heart  of   Oak 1866  H 

Hyman    1866  H 

King  of  Clubs 1866  E 

Moccasin    1874  H 


Vedette    Cowl  Mare Got     Apollo,     Ky. 

Gladiateur*t. . .  Rose  of  Kent Derby. 

Bel  Demonio . .  Flora    

Monarque  G. . .  Sweet  Lucy  Bred  in  France. 

Macaroni*    . .  .  Reginella    No  foals  reported. 

Lord  Lyon*   . .  Bugle  Note   Imp.    into   Canada. 

Thormanby*  A  Miss  Ann  (Dam   of   Scottish 

Thormanby    . .  Carbine    Chief. 

Little    Pippin. .  La  Medora   Imp.    into   Canada. 

Neville    Matrimony   Dam  bred  in 

Ace   of   Clubs.  Homily   France. 


Macaroni 


Madam    Strauss.. 


'The  American   Thoroughbred 


89 


FOALED.  LINE. 


SIRE. 


REMARKS 


Tomahawk  . . .  Lady   Overton 

Diophantus  . . .  Margery    

Kettledrum*D.  Repartee    

Rosicrucian  . ..  Fenella    

Man/jat-Arms.  Volition    Not  in  Eng.  S.  B. 

GoortaJi  *... .  Makeless    ••# 

Art.  Wellesley  Saxony  

Sou'  Australian 1857  M  West  Austia*t  Mountain  Sylph 

The  Flying  Horse..  1862  H  Wild  Dayrell.  Chord  

Time  i86g  E  Cambuscan  . . .  Jollity  


Partisan    1869  H 

Rapture    1869  E 

Rejoinder     1864  E 

Rossifer    1875  E 

St.  Leger  1872  H 

Sambo 1858  E 

Slap  Bang  1864  M 


(From  American  Stud  Book,  Vol.  FV .) 


Abana    1878  M 

Bay  Rum  1876  H 

Blue  Gown*A 1865  E 

Blue  Mantle   1860  H 

Blythewood  1872  E 

Cavour    1875  H 

Chetwynd    1879  E 

Constitution    1877  E 

Conveth    1877  H 

Dalnacardoch 1868  E 

Elsham    1867  E 

Fechter    1873  E 

Glenlyon    1866  E 

Great  Tom    1873  E 

Highlander    1868  E 

Kantaka    1880  E 

Kebbuck    1875  H 

King   Ban    1875  E 

Kyrle  Daly 1870  E 

London    1879  E 

Midlothian    1874  E 

Mortemer   A    1865  H 

Muscovy   ,i873E 

Noah     1876  E 

Offenbach ...i87gH 

Pizarro ...i88oE 

Pocatello    1880  E 

Prince  Charlie   1869  E 

Rayon  d'Ort  1876  E 

Royalty     1878  E 

Siddartha i88oE 

Silverstream    1875  E 

St.  Leger  1881  E 

St.    Mungo    1866  E 

The  Romany  King..  1878  E 

Tubal  Cain   1878  E 

Tympanum    1865  E 


Syrian    My    Mary 

Schiedam    ....  Queen  Ann 
Beadsman* 


Bas  Blue    Died  on   the  pass- 
age. 

Kingston  G  . .  Paradigm  Dam  of  LordLyon* 

Adventurer  Q.  Bonny  Belle   

Macaroni    ....  La   Favorita    

Grey   Palmer. .  Little    Dorrit    

Restitution  G. .  Prinette    


Favonius*G  .  .  Cracovienne   Died  in   California 

Rataplan   QD..  Mayonaise    

Knowsley    ....  Violet    

Bel  Demonic . .  Hilda   

Stockwellt  ....  Glengowrie    

King  Tom  ....  Woodcraft    Dam  of  Kingcraft, 

Blair  Athol Bistre    Derby  '70. 

Scottish  Ch'f  A  Seclusion    Dam  of  Hermit* 

Parmesan   ....Paraffin     „._. No   foals    reported 

King  Tom Atlantis   A  good  sire 

Artillery    Colleen  Rue    Bred  in  Ireland. 

Lowlander  ....  Bracelet    

Strathconan    .  .  Lufra Very  valuable  sire 

Compeigne    ..  .  Comtesse    Bred  in  France  and 

The  Drake. ...  Lady  of  the  Manor.,    .as    good    a    per- 

Playfair  Light  Wine  former     as    ever 

Balfe    Salute    imported 

Adventurer  . .  .  Milliner    

Soucar    Love  Bird   

Blair    Athol.  . .  East.  Princess    Sire  of  Salvator 

Flageolet   G. . .  Arancaria    Bred  in  France 

Kingcraft*    ...Rose    by    Oulston.... 

Pero  Gomezt. .  The  Pearl    

Tynedale  Lina     

Doncaster*A. . .  Schehallion    

St.    Alban'st...  Crotchet    Sire    of    Aloha 

Blue  Gown*A.  Reine   Sauvage  

Vulcan   Melody    

Kettledrum*D.  Gold  Finch   . 


9° 


The  American   'thoroughbred 


NAME  FOALED     LI«NE.  SIRE. 

Uhlan    i86g  E  The  Ranger . 

Wolverton    1875  E  The   Miner., 

Woodlands    1872  H  Nutbourne    . 

Y.   Favonius    1878  H  Favonius*  . . 

Young  Prince  1870  E  Knowsley    .  . 


La   Mechanic    

Themis    

Whiteface     Bro.  to  Winterlake 

Nutbrush    in  Australia 

Queen  of  Spain 


(From  American  Stud  Book,  Vol.  V.) 


Abingdon     1887  E 

Aerolithe    1886  H 

Aintree    1884  E 

Armorer    1891  E 

Arturo    1888  E 

Atholstone .i88qE 

Bannoralum    i8gi  E 

Bassetlaw   1890  E 

Bathampton    1891  E 


Wenlock    Lady  Langden 

Nougat    Astree    

Sefton*    Electric    

Galliard    Sister  Edith    . 

Petrarcht     ....  Bella   Agnes    . 
Hawkstone    ...Athol  Lass    ... 

Beau  Brummel  Queen    

St.    Simon   AG  Marquesa    .... 
Hampton    DG.  The  Bat   


Dam  of  Hampton 
Bred  in  France 


Hawkstone  was  bro. 
to   Lonelv,   Oaks 


Ben    S'trome    .         ..i886E     Bend    d'Or Strathfleet 


Albert    1882  E 

Ardent    1885  E 

Barbados    1880  E 

Charaxus   1876  E 

Dandie  Dimont    ....  1882  E 
Darebin   1878  M 

Deceiver    1880  E 

Discount    1885  H 

Double   Duke    1883  E 

Eothen    1883  E 

Eric    1876  E 

Exploit 1883  E 

Escher   1883  E 

Floridon    1882  E 

Friar  Tuck    1872  E 

Gen.  Gordon  1882  E 

Glyndon    1882  E 

Harold    1882  E 

Hirsch   1874  E 

Hopeful    1881  E 

Horizon    1877  E 

Kildare   II    1884  H 

Kingcraft*    1867  E 

King's  Mill   1878  E 

Kingston  1882  E 

Librarian    1885  E 

Mariner    1881  H 

Mr.  Pickwick   1878  E 

Newcourt    .  . 


Albert    Victor.  Lady  Hawthorn 

Zealot   Forest  Queen   

Tangible    Bell    Breadalbane..  . . 

Distin   Sappho    

Siliro    Meg  Merrilies 

The    Peer    .  . .  Lurline    . 


Wenlockt 

Discord  

The  Duke  G.  . 
Hampton  GD. 
Pretenden*  .  . 
Exminster  .  . . 
Claremont 
Coeruleus 

Hermit     

Gen.  Roberts.  . 
Rosicrucian  .  . 
Reverberation. 
Savernake 

Uncas   

Landmark 

Kilmore    

King  Tom    .  . . 
King  Tom    . . . 
Hampton 
Bookworm    . . . 
Wild  Oats   . 


Boot   and    Saddle. .  . . 

Ortyx    

Double    

Sultana    , 

Belle  Heather 

Zenobia    , 

Una  by  Dusk  

Florry    

Romping  Girl   

Forest  Queen   

Umbria    

Lady   Blanche    

Helena    

Fajrweather    

Saccharometer    mare 

Chatterbox    

Woodcraft     

Syncope    

Last  Love    

Lady  Henrietta 
Miss   Emma    . 


Raced  as  "Bats- 
man'' in  U.  S.  A. 

He  was  premier 
sire  in  1903. 

Premier   in    1899 


Won    Sydney    Cup 

1882  with  134  Ibs 

Raced   as    Padlock 


Only  horse  to  get 
2  winners  of  Re- 
alization. 

A  great  sire. 

Died  in  California 


Hermit*    Tomato     

The    Miser.  .  .  .  Princess  Charles 


Bro.  to  Great  Tom 


Raced  in  Australia 

as  "Oatcake" 
A  truly  great  sire. 


The  American   Thoroughbred 


NAME.  FOALED. 

Oakland*    1884  E 

Oakley    1884  E 

Osprey    1887  H 

Pirate  of  Penzante.  .1882  E 

Preceptor    1864  E 

Redskin    1882  E 

Richmond    1881  H 

Rossifer    1875  E 

Rossington     1881  E 

Rotherhill    1872  E 

Sagittarius    1880  E 

St.    Blaise*    1880  E 

Silver  Mine 1881  E 

Sir  Modred  1877  H 

Sir   Robert    1879  E 

Speculator 1873  E 


Stalwart    188?  E 

Stylites    1876  E 

Superior  188.1  E 

Surge    1882  E 

Sutler    1875  H 

The  Jacobite  1876  E 

True   Briton    1884  H 

Vancouver     1882  H 

Verger    1881  E 

Von  Kulak   1880  H 

Wagner    1882  E 

Westcombe    1876  E 

Woodstock    1881  H 

Y.    Caractacus    1868  H 

Zorilla  .  .i882E 


SIRE; 
Consternation. 

Touchet    

Ossiant    

Prince  Charlie. 
Rataplan  QD. 
Carnation 
Bold  Dayrell. 
Rosicrucian  .  . 
Doncaster*A.  . 
Lord  Clifdent. 
Toxophilite  ..  . 

Hermit*   

Silviot*    ...... 

Traducer 
Pero    Gomezt. . 
Speculum  G  . . 


Sterling   

Hermit     

Petrarcht  .  . . 
Coltness  .... 
Vancresson  . 
Pr.  Charlie.. 
John  Bull  .  . . 
Van  Amberg. 
Cathedral  .  . . 
Cremorne  .... 
Pr.  Charlie  .  . 
Cathedral  . .  . 


Sir.  Bevys* 
Caractacus* 
Rosicrucian 


REMARKS 

Elmina    

Ignoramus  mare    .... 

Question   

Plunder    

Teacher    

Slander    

Miss   Harriott    

Fenella    Dam  bred  in  Fran. 

Lily  Agnes  D  (Bro.  to  Farewell) 

Laura    . .  : Bro.    to    Petrarch) 

Flying  Cloud 

Fusee (Bro.    to    Candle- 

Nuneaton   mas.) 

Idalia     Premier     in      1894 

Lady    Stanley and      only      pre- 

Sweetbread  imp  mier  to  get  win- 
ners of  over  200 
races  in  i  year. 

Sea   Mark    Bro.     to     Topgal- 

Coimbra    lant. 

Thoughtless  

Surf   by    Lifeboat.  .  . . 

Barbillone    Bred    in    France. 

Orlando    mare    

Ruby    Imp.      from      Aus- 

Maid  of  Perth   tralia. 

Marie  Louise   

Miss  Evelyn   

Duchess   Malfi    

St.  Angela  Raced  as  "Episco- 

pus." 

Itella    Imp.    into    Canada. 

Overreach    

Salamanca    . 


(From  American  Stud  Book,  Vol.  VI.) 


Blackbird     1882  E     Pr.  Charlie  .  , 

?'--'    nMiiLWmr    .    ..i886E     Rosicrucian  .. 


Blinkfire    1885  H  Y.    Bucaneer 

Bona    S'choenfeld    ..  180,1  E  St.  Honorat 

Boycott    H  Sunstroke    . 

Boulevard    i8gi  E  Boulevard  . . 

Broadmead    iSoxiE  St.  Leger    .. 


Bushfield    ". .  .  1885  E    Umpire 

Busy  Bee  1882  E    Altyre 


.Beatrice  (Bro.  to  Preston- 
Pans) 

•  Nameless  (Bro.  to  Geheim- 

niss) 

.  Flora     Bred    in    Hungary. 

.  Lady  Lumley    

.  One  Act  C Raced  as  Young 

Sunstroke. 

.  Rose    d'Amon    Imp.   in   utero. 

.  Envious  Imp.  to  Br.  Colum- 
bia. 

..  Lady    Newman    Imp.    to    Canada. 

.  Queen   Bee    


92 


The  American   Thoroughbred 


NAME                         FOALED     LINE.             SIRE. 

DAM  s-aMB 

REMARKS 

Candlemas    

.  1883  E 

Hermit    

Fusee    

Sire  of  Irish  Lad. 

Cannie  Boy  

.  i88g  E 

Mast.    Kildare. 

Cannie   Agnes    

Cavalier    

.  1882  E 

Pr.  Charlie  .  .  . 

Lady   Rosebery    

Died  in  California 

Chesterfield    

.I876E 

The   Marquist. 

Lamorna    

Bred  in  Australia. 

Claudius    

.i876H 

Cecrops  

Light   by    P.    Minster 

Clear  the.  Way  

.  1884  E 

Lor.1  Gougli  .  . 

Weatherglass    

Bred  in  Ireland. 

Connemara    , 

.I888H 

Bold  Dayrell.. 

Stall  of  Life    

Conrad    

.  i88g  M 

Carlton   

Corn    Bree    

Courtown    , 

.  .i88?E 

Herbertstown.. 

Lady  Alice    

Bred  in  Ireland. 

Dark  Days    , 

.  .1891  E 

Credo  

Baroness    

Dean  Swift  

.  .i8;gE 

Dalnacardoch  . 

Rapidity    

De  Bourg  

.1891  E 

Penton    

Forest  Belle   

Del    Mar    

.  .i886E 

Somnus    

Maid  of  Hills  

Bred  in  Australia. 

Doebart    

.  .  1883  M 

Statesman  .... 

Katrine    

Duncombe    

.  .i884E 

Speculum    G.  .. 

Fair  Helen    

Dutch  Bluster    .  .  :  , 

,  .iSgiE 

Brag  :.. 

Mentmore    

Dutch  Organ   .... 

.  .  1878  E 

Lowlander  .... 

Tymbestere    

Dutch  Skipper   ... 

..i88sH 

Dutch    Skater 

Schierene    

Earl   Clifton  II... 

..i88sE 

Blair  Athol   .  . 

Curiosity    

Edw.   d'Confessor. 

.  .  1878  E 

Hermit     

Princess    of    Wales.  . 

Epigram     

,  .  1886  E 

Epigram   

Helen   Macgregor.  .  .  . 

Epigram     was     by 

Eppleworth    

.  .  i8gi  E 

Quicklime   .... 

Spring  Time  

Blair    Athol    out 

Fern  Seed   

.  .i8gi  E 

Timothy    

Osmonda    

of      111      Used's 

Fire  Ball   

.  .1881  E 

Thunderbolt    .. 

Nina    

dam. 

Fitz  Tubal  

.  1884  H 

Tubal  Cain   .  . 

Minnie    Warren    .... 

Died  after  landing 

Florist    

.  .I884E 

Petrarch    

Pomona    

Fortissimo     

..I878E 

John   Davis    .  . 

Vocalist    

Fred   Douglas    .  .  . 

.  .iSgiE 

Althotas    

Lady   Josslyn  

Galore    

.  .  i86.s  E 

Galopin    

Lady    Maura    

A  sire  of  sires. 

Gascon   

.i886E 

Avontes    

Arrogance    

Imp.   into   Canada. 

Gen.   Blucher    .... 

E 

Blucher    

The  General,  mare.  .  . 

Geo.  Frederick*  .  . 

.  .i87iE 

Marsvas    

Princess  of  Wales   .  . 

Imp.   into   Canada. 

Gladior    

.  .i88<5E 

Bouller    

Miss    Gladiator    .... 

Bred    in    France. 

Gold   Archer    .... 

.  .iSgoE 

Sterling   

Typolite    

Golden   Dance    . 

.  .  i8go  E 

Bend  /Or*    .  . 

Rose,   Morn    

Graham  

.  .  i88g  E 

Sterling   

Sky   Duchess    

Grand   Master    .  .  . 

..i888M 

Barcaldine    .  .  . 

Geheimniss   O    

Halfling    

.  .  i8g2  H 

Macheath   .... 

Moiety    

Imp.   into   Canada. 

Hallowmas    

.  .I888E 

Hermit  

Fusee    

Bro.  to  St.   Blaise 

Hamptonwick  .... 

.  .1881  E 

Hampton    

Surprise    

Hard  Lines  

.  .i88aE 

Umpire    

Humility    

Hawkesley  

.  .:8g2E 

Hawkstone  .  .  . 

Dev'  shire  Lass  

Hearst    

,  .  1886  E 

Fergus  I  

Romping   Girl    

Bred  in  Australia. 

Helicon  

.i878E 

Card'l  York  .  . 

Artemise    

Henry   , 

,  .i888E 

Poulet    

Jennie    

Bred    in    France 

Hermence  

.i888E 

Isonomy,  A.  G. 

Thebais  O  

A   Great   Sire. 

High    Corners    .... 

.i887E 

Lowland   Chief 

Consolation    

Got   no  Foals. 

Holyport    

.iSgiE 

Bonnet   Rouge.  Carinthia    

Inverness   

.i888E 

Cymbal    

Belle   of    Scotland    .  . 

Idalium  

.i878H 

Traducer   

Idalia    

Bred  in  New  Zea- 

Jongler   

.:88gH 

Ossiant    

Jingling  Bells  

land. 

Jno.  Barley  Corn   . 

.  1882  E 

John  Davis   .  .. 

Arista    

The  American  'Thoroughbred 


93 


FOALED     LINE       SIRE 


REMARKS 


Kallicrates     1892  E 

Kismet    1883  H 

L'African  1890  H 

Leontes  1883  E 

Litigation     1884  E 

Ld.  Esterling   1887  E 

Ld.   Hartington    1884  E 

Ld.  Hawkstone   1891  E 

Lovegold    1884  E 

Loyalist    1884  E 

Loyalist    1885  E 

Lunar  Eclipse 1888  E 

Mahli 1880  E 

Martenhurst    1888  E 

Master  Paradox    ...iSgiE 

Masetto    1888  E 

Mast  Randolph   1891  E 

Matt    Bynes    1891  E 


Maxim    1885  E 

Meddler 1890  E 

Merriwa    1886  E 

Monolith    1891  E 

Montana  1886  E 

Morpheus    1890  E 

Mystery  Man   1889  E 

Monteith    1890  E 

Objection  1886 H 

Odd   Fellow    1887  M 

Ogontz    1889  E 

Order    .  .  .i888E 


Hermit*    .....  Isabel    ..............  (Dam  of  St.  Frus- 

Kisber*  ......  Angelina    ...........      quin) 

Brilliant    .....  Splash  by  Spy  ....... 

Muncaster    .  .  .  Pauline    ............  Imp.   into   Canada. 

Struan    .......  South  Hatch  ........ 

Esterling    ....  Lady  Speculum  ..... 

Petrarch    .....  Thoughtless    ........ 

Hawkstone    .  .  Eulalia    ............. 

The  Miser    .  .  .  Margery  Daw    ...... 

The   Marquist.  Loyal   Peeress    ......  Bred  in  Australia. 

Sterling     .....  Casuistry    ........... 

Xenophon     .  .  .  Vectis    .............. 

Suffolk    ......  Castile     .............  Bred  in  France. 

Wenlock    .....  Hirondelle   ..........  Died      after      first 

Paradox  ......  Flora   ..............  .      season. 

'St.    Simon    .  .  .  Lady   Abbess    .......  Now  in  England. 

Tertius      .....  Lady  Randolph    ..... 

Hampton  .....  Cherry     .............  Now     in    England 

and  called  Cher- 
ry Tree. 

Musket    ......  Realization    .........  A    great    sire. 


St.    Gatien*  Q  .  Busybody  O  .........  Premier      sire      in 

1904. 
Habena    ............  Bred  in  Australia. 

Obelisk 


Zingara    ............  ImP- 


Goldsbrough 
Springfield  . 
Muncaster  . 

Wenlock    Golden  Dream   Imp. 

Springfield    .  . .  Mystery    . . . 

Penton     Bessie  Dora 

Mask   Cinderella    . 

Barcaldine 
Bend  trOr 
Bend  /Or 


into   Canada. 
into   Canada. 


Ormonde*t  1884  E    Bend  d/O 


Ormonde  d'Or  1889  E 

Ornus    1891  E 

Parallel    1886  E 

Paramatta   1886  E 

Parisian    : 1885  H 

Pescadillo    1887  H 

Peer  of  the  Realm.  1891  E 

Plenty     1886  II 

Plunderer    1891  E 

Pontoon     1891  E 

Potentate    1888  E 

Prestonpans 1877  E 

Pursebearer    1879  E 

Quicklime    1879  E 

Quick  Time 1891  E 


Geheimniss    

Lady   Emily    

Angelica (Sister   to   St.    Si- 
mon.) 

Lily  Agnes    ..The    horse    of   the 

Century. 

Bend  c^Or   . . .  Agnostic    Raced     as     Red 

Bendy  Or    .  . .  Ashgrave    Gauntlet. 

The   Duke    . . .  L'y  Paramount 

Cheviot    Scraps  

Charibert    Wee  Lassie  

The  Confessor  Little  Maud    

Salisbury    Miss  Daisy   

Suwarrow    .  . .  Lurline    Bred  in  Australia. 

Privateer    Lady  Helen    

Hampton     Plum  Bonnet   

Peter    Cutty  Sark   

Pr.    Charlie    . .  Beatrice    Fairly  good  sire. 

Scottish  Chief.  Thrift    (Dam  of  Tristan). 

Wenlock    Duvernay  

Quicklime   Fair   Sister    Imp.      before      his 

sire. 


'The  American   Thoroughbred 


NAME. 


FOALED.J.INE       SIRE 


REMARK; 


Radnor   1890  E 

Regent    1887  M 

Reggy   1884  E 

Riband    1890  E 

Rigadoon    1886  E 

Rough  and  Ready.  . .  1887  E 

Scorpion    1887  E 

Shillingstone     1883  E 

Simon  Magus 1888  E 

Simple  Simon 1887  E 

Sir  Fred  Roberts   ..i888E 

Somersault    1892  E 

Stereoscope 1885  E 

Steve  Estes 1889  E 

St.   Gatien,  colt 1891  E 

St.    George    1883  H 

Sun  Dial    1885  E 

Suwarrow    1876  H 

The  Chicken  1882  E 

The  Child  o'the  Mist  1882  E 
E 
The    Devil    to    Pay  1883 

The    Dude     1891  E 

The  Hook  1871  H 

The  Hoosier  1891  E 

The  Sailor  Prince  .  .i88oE 
Top  Gallant 1887  E 


Trade  Wind 1885  E 

Trevelyan    1891  H 

Wanamaker    1891  E 

Water  Level   1887  E 

Whistle  Jacket  ....  11884  E 


Muncaster    .  . ,  Filagree    

Statesman    .  . .  The  Orphan    

Hermit    Nyl    Gau    All    but    impotent. 

Galliard    L'y  Chatelaine   

Mast.    Kildare  Highland  Fling   (Dam      of      Sara- 
Quicklime     .  . .  Rufford   Maid    band). 

St.    Simon    .  . .  Anemone    

Doncaster     .  . .  Manon  Lescaut   

St.    Simon    ...Wheel  of  Fortune   ;..-' 

St.    Simon    .  . .  Lady  Gladys  Raced  as     Huncie- 

Wisdom    'Candahar   croft." 

Trapeze    Migration     Trapeze    was     bro. 

Hagioscope     .  .  Syren     to   Tristan. 

Springfield    .  . .  Bloodstain    • 

St.    Gatien*    .  .  Glance     . 


.  Strategy    A   great   sire. 

Time  Test   

Phizgig   Snowden   raced   as 

Pheasant     "Panmure." 

Ma  Belle   . 


Cremorne 

Albert  Victor 

Snowden    .  . . 

Billy  Pitt   .  . . 

Blair  Athol    . 

Robt.  the  Devil  Polonaise   

t  A  

Esterling    ....  The   B,elle    

Fish   Hook    .  .  Juliet   Imp.  from  Austra- 
lia. 

Florentine     .  . .  Indiana     Imp.   in   utero. 

Albert    Victor.  Hermita    An    excellent    sire. 

Sterling   Sea   Mark    Died   in   Kentucky 

but  imp.  to  Can- 
ada. 

Goldsbrough   ..  Rosemary     Imp.  to  California. 

Charibert    ....  Muscat 

Poste   Restante  Agnes    

Isonomy,  AGD  Water  Lily 

Hermit  .  .  Fortress    .  .• 


(From  American  Stud  Book,  Vol.  VII.) 


Agincourt    1895  M 

Alfieri    1891  E 

Amsterdam    1884  E 

Anchorite    1890  E 

Asterling    1895  E 

Atheling     1883  E 

Benvenuto   1888  E 

Blaizer    .1891  E 

Buzzard  Wing   1880  E 

Calphurnus 1890  H 

Calvados    1889  E 

Caryl     1885  E 

Chester   1893  E 


Autocrat    Dorset  Lass    

Petrarch    Agneta    

Holmby     Hampton    Court   Imp.    into    Canada. 

Herrick    Substitute    

Esterling     Eva  Jennie    Imp.    into    Canada. 

Sterling     King   Tom,    mare.  ...  A  capital  sire. 

Galopin*    Queen  of  Diamonds.  .  Sent  back  to  Eng- 

Hallowmas     . .  Jess  Cox    land. 

Camillo    Blush   by  Rob  Roy.  .  Sold  to   Mexico. 

July    Nandu     Bred  in   Australia. 

Galopin    Turn  of  the  Tide   . .  . 

Sexton     Maritornes    

Esterling     ....  Lady  Gwendoline   .  . . 


The  American  'Thoroughbred 


95 


FOALED.  LINE       SIRE 


Clienvedeu     1880  E 

Cormeille     1881   H 

Credential    i8g.s  H 

Crighton     1874  E 

Derwentwater 1885  E 

Distant    Shot    i8q3  E 


Yattendon 

Macgregor 

All's   Blue 

Clieveden 

Doncajster 

Shotesham 


Disturbance     1893  M    Marion    A 

Eagle's  Plume   1883  E 

Eulalon     i8q3  E 

Farthing     i8q3  E 

Foul   Shot   1882  E 

Golden   Badge    i8q3  E     Bend  yOr 

Golden  Garter   1888  £     Bend  /Or 


DAM^SB*  REMARKS. 

Lady  Chester   Sent  back  to  Aus- 

Narcisse   tralia. 

Alberta  Victoria    ....  Imp.    into    Canada. 

Ghinni   Ghinni    Bred   in   Australia. 

Thorwater    A  good   sire. 

Ultima  Thule  Shotesham       was 

brother  to   Shot- 
Katrine     over,    Derby   '82. 

Scottish    Chief  Decoration     Imp.    into    Canada. 

Tyrant   D    ....  Eulalia    

Peter    ;.  Moiety    

Musket    Slander     Bred  in  New  Zea- 
land. 

Madge,  imp Imp.  in  utero. 

Sanda (Dam  of  Sanfoin) 

Thistle     (D'm  of  Common)  ' 

Lady  Peregrine   

Amber     

Idalia Bro.    to    Sir    Mo- 

dred. 

Satire    A   good   sire. 

Kisberina    

Morning    Star    

Katrine   

Adesia         


Ormonde 
Hampton 
Childeric 
Traducer 


Imp.   into    Canada. 


Goldfinch    i88q  E 

Grand  Falconer  ....  1887  E 

Green    i88q  E 

July    1880  H 

Juvenal .i88qE 

Kismet    i8q2  E 

Kt.  of  Malta  E 

Likely    i8qi  E 

Lord    Henry     1885  E 

Marden  Horse   1892  E 

Monarch     i8qo  E 

Musselman    i8q3  E 

Norwegian     1884  E 

Oakwood    i8q2  E 

Percy i8qo  E 

Phaeton    i8q3  E 

Piccolo    iSqoE 

Pillarist    1885  E     Trappist    Philomela     .  .  .  T.~. 

Prospector     1893  E     Pioneer    Tibby     ( Sister    to    Geolo- 

Quack,    Quack     i8q4  E     Queen's    Coun-  Catch  Duck gist). 

sel 

Springfield    .  . .  Wood   Anemone    ....  Imp.    into   Canada. 

Trocadero    .  . .  Reine  de  Saba   Bred   in    France. 

Kg.  of  Trumps  Accepted    Imp.    into   Mexico. 

Highland  Chief  Barcelona 


Springfield    .  . 
Melton*t    .... 

Kt.  of  Malta. 
Harvester    .  .  . 
The  Duke  G. 
Marden    ......  Lauretta 

Kg.  of  Trumps  Miss  Curry 
Harvester    ....  Ayesha 

Peregrine    .....  Shatemuc 

Sheen     .......  Rosewood 

Frontier     .....  Rustic  Agnes 

Victor    Chief.  .  Aurora 
Petrarch    .....  Lady  Grace 


Regalis    1886  E 

Rigoletto    1882  E 

Royal  Flush   1887  E 

Royal   Stag   i8q3  E 

St.    Andrew    ...:...  1887  E 

St.  Vincent   i8q3  E 

Satellite    i8qs  E 

Sauteur     i8q2  E 

Self-Binder    i8q4  E 

Sir    Singenton    i8qo  E 

Smocking     :8q2  E 

Solid   Silver    i8q3  E 

South   Africa    i8q3  E 

Star  Ruby  i8q2  E 

Stromboli  .  - 1888  E 


St.    Simon.  .  .  .  Maid  of  Perth   ......  Sire  of  Articulate. 

Ollerton    ......  Invincible     .......... 

Saraband    ....  Meteora    ............ 

Trapeze     .....  Serenia    ............. 

Harvester    ....  Pewit    .............. 

Marden    ......  Harmonica     ......... 

Minting   ......  Sew    Away    ......... 

Vibrate    ......  Lady  Uxbridge   ...... 

Tristan     ......  Zanzibar   ............  Imp.    into    Canada. 

Hampton     ....  Ornament     ..........  (Dam  of  Sceptre) 

Chester    ......  Aetna    ..............  Sent  back  to  Aus- 

tralia. 


p<5  'The  American  thoroughbred 

NAME.  FOALED.  LINE      SIRE  DAM'«aHB  REMARKS. 

The  Deacon   1887  E  Zealot    Stella  by  XX   imp.    into   Canada. 

The   Judge    i8qi  E  Loyalist  (Eng)  British   Queen    

Thos.    A.    Becket    ..i8Q4M  Autocrat    Maid  of  Kent   

Trentola  1890  E  Trenton  Gondola  Bred  in  Australia 

and  won  races 
in  California. 

Virtuose    1888  E  Fitz   Plutus    .  .  Vicontesse    Bred  in  France. 

Watercress    i88g  E  Springfield     ...Wharfdale   

Donnadieu     t 

Arkle    Arklow   

Greenan    St.   Simon    .... 

Gerolstein    

Royal  Flush   Favo  

*  Won  the  Derby;     t  won  the     .  Leger;    Qw      i       .yueen's  Vase:    D  won  the  Doncaster  Cup;    A  won  the  Ascot  Cup; 
G  won  the  Goodwood  Cup;  C  won  the  Cesurewitch 

The  stallions  laid  down  in  Vol.  8  of  the  American  Stud  Book — a  very  slovenly 
compilation,  by  the  way,  still  worse  printed  and  bound — are  omitted  intentionally, 
chiefly  for  the  reason  that  most  of  them  are  young  horses  and  have,  as  yet,  not 
enough  performing  progeny  to  render  them  objects  of  interest  to  the  breeders  of 
America.  If  this  little  work  should  go  to  a  second  edition,  a  year  or  two  hence  (of 
which  I  am  in  nowise  sanguine)  they  will  be  included  in  them.  From  the  schedules 
above  given  it  will  be  seen  that  in  the  period  from  the  close  of  the  Revolution  to  1865, 
the  end  of  the  War  of  Secession,  we  imported  thrice  as  many  of  Herod's  line  as  of 
Eclipse  and  of  Matchem  blood.  And  from  the  close  of  the  Civil  War  to  the  present 
date_there  were  138  stallions  of  Eclipse's  male  line  as  against  172  of  Herod's  and  42 
of  Matchem's.  It  looks  to  me  as  though  we  had  overdone  matters  in  all  three  periods, 
especially  in  the  second  one,  at  the  close  of  which  we  found  ourselves  overloaded 
with  Herod  blood.  The  marvelous  success  of  Leamington,  Billet,  Glenelg  and  Buckden, 
all  Eclipse  horses;  and  of  Australian,  the  only  Matchem  horse  imported  for  nearly  a 
half-century,  upon  the  Lexington-Glencoe  mares,  from  1870  to  1885,  shows  how  badly 
we  were  in  need  of  a  really  good  and  legitimate  outcross.  Lexington  got  nk>  sons 
worth  being  called  sires,  but  his  daughters  built  up  reputations  for  all  five  of  the 
above  named  sires,  with  Bonnie  Scotland  and  Prince  Charlie  thrown  in.  Of  the 
above  mentioned  stallions,  Leamington  did  not  get  the  most  winners  but  he  bred,  by 
long  odds,  the  best  class. 

American  breeding  is  a  good  deal  of  a  lottery,  at  best,  for  horses  have  succeeded 
here  that  were  failures,  or  comparatively  so,  in  England  and  Australia.  Leamington 
made  three  seasons  in  England,  during  which  he  got  19  winners  of  42  races,  none 
of  which  exceeded  $2,000  in  value.  We  all  know  what  he  did  here  for,  after  being 
buried  alive  on  Staten  Island  for  three  years,  he  was  sent  out  to  Kentucky  where 
he  got  Enquirer,  Lyttelton,  Longfellow  and  Hamburg,  all  in  one  season ;  and  Hamburg, 
the  poorest  of  the  lot,  won  over  $3,500  in  three  seasons,  while  Lyttelton  was  much 
better ;  and  as  for  Enquirer  and  Longfellow,  every  illiterate  negro  rubber  knows  what 
they  did.  Glencoe's  case  is  even  more  startling  as  a  reverse  caused  by  transplantation. 
He  stood  to  sixteen  mares  in  1836,  getting  13  foals,  only  one  being  a  male,  which  died 
as  a  yearling.  What  his  daughters  achieved  at  the  stud  would  fill  this  entire  volume 
if  I  undertook  to  give  it  in  detail.  He  was  brought  into  Alabama  Where  most  of 
his  get  were  flashy,  the  great  Peytona  excepted.  When  he  got  up  into  Kentucky  and 
had  access  to  the  daughters  of  Medoc,  Leviathan  and  Wagner,  the  records  soon  began 
to  tell  a  very  different  story.  Even  in  1860,  twenty-nine  years  after  his  birth  and 
three  years  after  his  death,  he  was  second  on  the  list  and  that  by  a  narrow  margin. 


'The  American   Thoroughbred  qj 

Billet  was  another  instrument  of  triumph  in  this  country  with  comparatively  no 
success  in  the  land  of  his  birth ;  and  a  dozen  of  similar  oases  might  be  cited,  of  less 
note,  however.  The  truth  is  that  we  have  so  many  good  matrons  in  this  country  that 
do  not  trace  to  any  one  of  the  forty-four  mares  named  in  Mr.  Bruce  Lowe's  system 
of  "Breeding  by  Figures"  that  it  is  comparatively  useless  in  America,  save  where  the 
sire  and  the  dam,  or  granddam  have  been  imported  from  England.  In  the  mother 
country  it  is  all  right  enough  and  the  figures  come  out  correctly  in  seven  cases  out  of 
every  ten.  , 

Take  the  cases  of  Picayune,  Minerva  Anderson,  Vesper  Light,  Brown  Kitty  and 
Hennie  Farrow,  and  their  pedigrees  are  very  short  but  there  is  no  doubt  but  there 
was  good  blood  in  them  a  long  way  back.  Yet  we  all  know  that  Doubloon,  Duke  of 
Magenta,  Vandalite,  Rupee,  and  Mollie  McCarthy  (a  winner  from  one  mile  up  to  four) 
came  from  comparatively  obscure  lineage  in  the  first  place.  That  is  why  I  say  that 
the  Bruce  Lowe  system  is  good  enough  in  England  and  France,  but  untenable  in 
America,  an  opinion  in  which  I  find  the  concurrence  of  Mr.  William  Allison,  the 
foremost  authority  on  breeding  in  Great  Britain.  The  "mare"  from  the  stud  of 
Harrison  of  Brandon,  Va.,"  must  have  been  good,  or  we  would  not  have  such  sires 
as  Kinglike  and  Joe  Hooker  tracing  back  to  her.  Duke  of  Magenta  was  beaten  but 
once  and  that  by  a  horse  (Spartan)  that  never  beat  anything  else  with  any  just 
pretensions  to  class.  Frogtown,  3  miles  in  5 :29*4  ',  Barnum,  the  great  cup  horse  of 
twenty  years  ago ;  Spendthrift,  Wildidle  and  Miser,  all  good  sires  and  the  first-named 
deservedly  great ;  Socks,  who  defeated  Planet  at  Charleston ;  Fashion,  who  won  four- 
mile  heats  at  thirteen  years  old ;  Hanover,  who  headed  the  list  of  sires  for  four 
seasons ;  Thunder,  Lightning  and  Lancaster,  all  distinguished  winners  in  their  day ; 
Norfolk,  Volante  and  Hermis,  all  top-notchers  in  their  respective  eras ;  Bill  Dearing 
and  Jonce  Hooper,  both  good  stake  winners ;  Captain  Moore,  best  three-year-old  of 
1863 ;  Wagner,  Star  Davis  and  Rainbow,  all  great  descendants  of  Maria  West ;  and 
Mingo,  the  best  four-mile  horse  of  1835,  all  these  came  from  mares  that  do  not 
trace  to  mares  in  the  Bruce  Lowe  system.  Hence,  I  say  that  system  is  something  like, 
a  time  test  in  galloping  races,  a  good  thing  to  have  as  a  corroboration,  but  far  from 
indispensible,  as  far  as  concerns  American  breeding.  Even  in  Australian  breeding  the 
Bruce  Lowe  system  is  far  from  infallible,  as  Stromboli,  winner  of  the  Sydney  Cup 
and  afterwards  imported  into  California ;  and  Bravo,  winner  of  the  Melbourne  Cup 
of  1889,  in  which  the  great  Carbine  was  second,  both  trace  to  Arabian  stallions  at  the 
sixth  generation  and  to  mares  having  no  history  whatever.  Hence  I  am  hardly* 
to  be  censured  for  saying  that  American  breeding  is,  to  a  considerable  extent,  a 
lottery.  Look  at  the  great  performers  that  have  sold  as  yearlings  for  less  than 
$1,000;  and  at  the  high-priced  yearlings  that  have  not  since  won  enough  to  pay  for 
their  straw  bedding;  and  in  the  history  of  those  horses  and  their  performances  you 
find  a  sufficient  corroboration  of  what  I  say. 

Lexington  and  Vandal,  the  two  greatest  native  sires  between  1860  and  1875,  were 
differently  bred  from  the  horses  just  above  named,  tracing,  as  thy  did,  to  the  imported 
mare  Diamond  (of  the  No.  12  family)  by  the  Cullen  Arabian,  this  also  being  the 
family  of  Weatherbit,  Sterling  and  Oxford  in  England;  and  of  the  imported  stallions 
Galore  and  Maxim  in  America.  The  old  Montague  mare  was  the  tap-root  of  that 
family.  Another  great  American  horse  of  that  family,  who  should  have  been  sent 
back  here  at  the  close  of  his  racing  career,  was  Umpire,  by  Lecompte  (Boston-Reel) 
out  of  Alice  Carneal  by  imported  Sarpedon.  He  won  18  good  races  in  England  and 
was  beaten  only  a  head  in  the  City  and  Suburban  of  1862  by  Adventurer,  to  whom 
he  was  conceding  thirty  pounds.  But  Mr.  Ten  Broeck  sold  Umpire  to  the  Russians 
and  thenceforth  he  was  lost  to  history.  Vandal,  for  years  in  comparative  obscurity 
and  wholly  overshadowed  by  his  neighbor,  Lexington,  was  finally  rescued  and  sent  to 
Belle  Meade,  where  he  died  and  was  given  the  funeral  of  a  hero.  Vandal  goes  down 


<?c?  The  American   Thoroughbred 

to  history  as  the  horse  that  saved  the  male  line  of  Glencoe  from  total  extinction. 
Already  we  have  seen  the  male  line  of  Glencoe  (through  Hanover)  pre-eminent  for 
four  seasons  and  second  by  the  narrowest  of  margins  in  the  fifth ;  and  from  present 
appearances,  his  son  Hamburg  is  making  a  very  earnest  effort  to  keep  up  the  family 
traditions.  The  renaissance  of  this  remarkable  strain  of  blood,  so  powerless  in  its 
male  line  from  1860  to  1880  and  so  strong  now,  is  as  great  as  the  uprising  of  Blacklock's 
line  in  England,  after  a  half-century  of  calumny  and  persecution.  "Truth,  crushed  to 
earth,  shall  rise  again." 

We  are  now  about  as  badly  off  as  were  the  Australians  in  1862  when  they  were  so 
overstocked  with  Eclipse  blood  that  the  importation  of  a  Herod  stallion  (Fisherman) 
was  a  God-send  to  them ;  and  Talk  o'  the  Hill,  another  Herod  horse  and  a  grandson  of 
Pocahontas,  a  Herod  mare,  completed  the  work  of  rejuvenation  that  Fisherman  had 
begun.  Even  in  our  own  country,  we  have  seen  the  achievements  of  another  Herod 
horse,  Sir  Modred,  but  we  must  in  all  candor,  remember  that  the  pedigree  of  that 
dead  hero  showed  53%  per  cent  of  Eclipse  blood.  The  wonderful  success  of  Han- 
over's sons  in  the  stud  (and  of  Hanover  himself,  for  that  matter)  is  surprising  only 
in  that  Hanover  was  deficient  in  sire  blood,  for  he  was  a  horse  of  almost  perfect 
conformation ;  and  it  is  to  his  marvelous  individuality,  which  he  impressed  so  dis- 
tinctly on  all  his  get,  rather  than  to  all  other  causes  combined,  that  I  ascribe  Hanover's 
great  success  in  the  stud.  The  success  of  Hamburg,  a  sire  of  two  Futurity  winners — 
and  fillies  at  that — at  nine  years  old — is  something  to  be  conjured  with;  and  Hand- 
spring, Handsel,  Buck  Massie  and  others  bringing  up  the  rest  of  the  parade,  it  looks 
as  if  the  male  line  of  Glencoe,  through  Hanover,  had  "come  to  stay." 

The  decadence  of  the  blood  of  Emilius  in  America,  is  something  quite  as  remark- 
able as  it  was  in  England.  Emilius  won  the  Derby  in  1823  and  got  Priam  and 
Plenipotentiary,  winners  of  the  Derby ;  Mango,  winner  of  the  St.  Leger ;  Riddlesworth. 
of  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas ;  Oxygen,  winner  of  the  Oaks  in  1831 ;  and  three  fillies 
that  not  only  won  the  One  Thousand  Guineas,  but  were  better  than  the  fourth  in  the 
Oaks.  He  was  clearly  the  best  stallion  in  England  from  1822  to  1842,  after  which  his 
lead  grew  rapidly  less.  America  was  unfortunate  enough  to  import  six  sons  of 
Emilius,  to-wit :  Ambassador,  foaled  in  1836,  out  of  Trapes  by  Tramp ;  Mango,  out 
of  Mustard  by  Merlin,  foaled  1834;  Mercer,  foaled  1836,  out  of  Young  Mouse  (winner 
of  the  1000  guineas)  by  Godolphin ;  Riddlesworth,  foaled  1828.  out  of  Filagree,  dam  of 
Cobweb,  the  Oaks  winner ;  Sarpedon,  foaled  1828,  out  of  Icaria  by  The  Flyer ; 
Sovereign,  foaled  1836,  out  of  Fleur  de  Lis  by  Bourbon;  and  the  most  careless  reader 
will  see  that  the  male  line  of  Emilius  did  not  run  out  for  the  want  of  good  dams  for 
the  horses  above  named.  Fleur  de  Lis  was  by  twelve  pounds  the  best  mare  of  her 
day  for  she  won  the  Doncaster  Cup  once  and  the  Goodwood  Cup  twice,  in  addition  to 
being  second  for  it,  to  Priam,  on  her  third  attempt.  It  was  for  crooked  work  in  this 
race  with  Priam  that  the  then  King  of  England,  William  IV.,  owner  of  Fleur  de  Lis, 
was  ruled  off  the  turf  for  life  by  the  Jockey  Club ;  and  that  is  the  way  that  Col.  Wade 
Hampton,  of  South  Carolina,  came  to  be  the  purchaser  and  importer  of  Sovereign. 
The  last  of  the  male  line  of  Emilius  was  Villard,  a  little  black  horse  by  Lodi  (son  of 
Yorkshire)  out  of  Rosa  Mansfield  by  Rivoli.  He  died  at  Pendleton,  Oregon,  in 
the  winter  of  1001. 

The  line  of  Catton,  a  great  winner  himself  and  twice  a  premier  sire  of  England, 
was  also  destined  to  meet  its  total  extinction  in  the  Far  West.  Its  final  representative 
was  Warwick,  by  Hubbard  out  of  Mayflower  (Joe  Hooker's  dam)  by  imported 
Eclipse.  This  horse  is  not  to  be  confounded  with  a  son  of  imported  Leamington  and 
Minnie  Minor,  that  died  the  property  of  Mr.  James  B.  Haggin.  This  horse  was  an 
excellent  performer  and  was  beaten  a  length  by  Nathan  Coombs  (son  of  Lodi  and 
Miami)  in  a  race  of  two  and  one-half  miles  at  Sacramento,  conceding  a  year  and 
12  Ibs.,  to  the  winner.  He  also  beat  Red  Boy,  by  War  Dance,  at  mile  heats,  at  Star 


'The  American   Thoroughbred  qg 

Ranch  near  Boise  City,  the  fastest  race  that  had  been  run  in  Idaho  up  to  that  time. 
He  was  owned  by  two  men  who  cared  nothing  for  him  save  as  a  gambling  machine; 
and  once  he  broke  down  and  was  of  no  further  use  to  them,  they  sold  him  to  a  cattle 
man  who  owned  no  thoroughbred  mares.  No  wonder  that  he  died  in  obscurity  and 
that  a  once  noble  race  of  horses  ended  its  days  in  him.  I  have  heard  that  there  is  still 
a  Catton  horse  in  New  Zealand  but,  after  considerable  research,  am  unable  to  find 
any  trace  of  him  whatever. 

And  as  if  the  loss  of  the  Emilius  Ime  was  not  disaster  enough,  the  other  line  of 
Orville  blood,  through  the  great  Muley,  is  also  extinct,  the  last  horse  of  that  line 
being  an  Irish  horse  called  Mount  Gifford.  America  imported  two  great  and  worthy 
sons  of  Muley — Margrave,  who  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1832  and  Leviathan  who  raced 
in  England  under  the  name  of  Mezereon  and  won  a  four-mile  race  at  York.  He  was 
imported  by  James  Jackson,  of  Alabama,  who  was  afterwards  the  importer  of  Glencoe, 
Leviathan  was  inbred  to  Beningbrough,  the  St.  Leger  winner  of  1794,  his  dam  being  by 
Windle  and  his  second  dam  Virago  by  Snap,  she  being  the  dam  of  Saltram  (also 
imported  here)  who  won  the  Derby  of  1783.  Leviathan  got  a  great  many  good  per- 
formers but  no  sires  worthy  of  mention,  though  his  daughters  bred  well  to  several 
stallions  and  did  much  towards  building  up  the  fame  of  the  immortal  Glencoe.  Mar- 
grave's homely  head  did  much  to  discourage  intending  patrons  of  that  horse,  but  he 
was  a  magnificent  galloper  himself  and  got  many  excellent  performers.  His  best  son 
was  Brown  Dick,  whose  race  at  three-mile  heats,  in  1856,  stood  as  the  record  for  that 
distance  for  a  term  of  nine  years.  It  is  a  curious  thing  that  this  old  hammer-headed 
Margrave  should  have  had  two  older  sons  named  Blue  Dick  and  Black  Dick.  Blue 
Dick  ran  against  that  great  'mare  Fashion,  on  Long  Island  in  1846  and  bolted  the 
track  while  running  ahead  and  certain  to  win  the  race.  Black  Dick  belonged  to  Col. 
A.  L.  Bingaman,  of  Natchez,  Miss.,  the  greatest  scholar  the  South  ever  produced. 
Black  Dick  won  a  race  at  two-mile  heats  and  fell  dead  just  after  winning  the  deciding 
heat.  An  examination  showed  that  he  had  died  of  lockjaw,  caused  by  being  "pricked" 
by  the  blacksmith  who  plated  him. 

Of  late  years,  no  greater  native  stallion  than  Spendthrift  has  ap-peared  in  all 
America ;  and  while  he  was  never  first  on  the  list  of  sires,  he  was  always  close  up 
to  the  file-leader,  with  an  exceptionally  fine  type  of  horses  to  run  for  him.  After  his 
death,  two  of  his  sons — Kingston  and  Hastings — headed  the  list  in  1900  and  1902  re- 
spectively, while  a  third  one,  the  big  and  beautiful  Lamplighter,  was  well  up  among 
the  first  ten  named.  Not  only  that,  but  his  daughters  have  bred  well  to  a  number  of 
sires  of  entirely  different  lineage ;  and  some  of  the  best  race  horses  turned  out  from 
the  Rancho  del  Paso,  the  greatest  of  all  American  harems,  have  been  from  Spend- 
thrift's daughters.  He  was  sent  to  England  to  run  for  the  Ascot  Cup  and  Cesare- 
witch,  but  his  wind  became  affected  by  that  murky  climate  and  he  was  unable  to  repeat 
the  triumphs  achieved  in  his  native  land.  Spendthrift  changed  owners  several  times 
after  his  return  to  America  and  finally  died,  the  property  of  Mr.  J.  N.  Camden,  Jr., 
of  the  Hartland  Stud,  near  Versailles  in  Kentucky.  He  must  rank  as  the  best  son  of 
imported  Australian,  though  it  is  hard  to  say  what  would  have  been  the  history  of 
Waverly  (out  of  imported  Cicely  Jopson  by  Weatherbit)  had  he  lived.  Spendthrift 
was  a  full  brother  to  Miser  and  Fellowcraft  and  a  brother-in-blood  to  Wildidle,  a 
capital  performer  and  a  good  sire,  though  by  no  means  the  equal  of  Spendthrift. 
Even  if  Spendthrift  had  gotten  only  Kingston  and  Lamplighter,  they  alone  would  have 
made  him  a  famous  sire.  In  the  language  of  Henry  VIII.,  he  "should  have  died 
hereafter." 

England  has  had  no  such  Matchem  stallion  as  Spendthrift.  Barcaldine  was  her 
best  exponent  of  that  line  since  the  death  of  Melbourne  and  while  he  was  a  better 
race-horse  than  Spendthrift,  he  never  got  a  premier  sire,  let  alone  two  such  as  Kings- 
ton and  Hastings.  Barcaldine  was  never  beaten  but  won  13  consecutive  races,  in 


TOO  The  American   Thoroughbred 

one  of  which,  the  Northumberland  Plate,  at  2  miles,  he  won  with  136  Ibs.  up.  Bar- 
caldine  got  Mimi,  winner  of  the  One  Thousand  and  the  Oaks ;  and  Sir  Visto,  winner 
of  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger  of  1895.  Three  sons  of  Baroaldine,  all  out  of  the  Oaks 
winner,  Geheimniss,  have  been  imported  to  this  country,  Free  Mason,  Grand  Master 
and  Odd  Fellow.  The  latter  has  done  only  fairly  well  for  a  horse  that  was  by  the 
best  winner  of  his  day  and  out  of  the  best  filly  of  her  era  also.  Free  Mason  got  a  good 
handicap  horse  called  First  Principal,  before  leaving  England.  Perhaps  the  blood  of 
these  three  brothers  may  show  up  better  in  the  next  generation,  as  they  are  all  heavily 
boned  and  strong  horses  in  a  general  way.  There  is  no  denying  that  such  horses 
are  an  acquisition  to  any  country  where  the  mares  are  as  light-boned  as  they  are  in 
Kentucky  and  Tennessee. 

Mr.  Joseph  Osborne  (Beacon)  in  speaking  of  the  decay  of  Herod's  line  in  Eng- 
land, says,  "Naturally  the  breeders  of  England  look  to  the  United  States  of  America, 
as  the  place  whence  the  regenerating  fluid  must  be  drawn."  In  my  belief,  we  can 
supply  England  with  "the  regenerating  fluid"  from  both  the  Herod  and  Matchem 
lines.  No  Matchem  horse  has  headed  the  Sires'  List  in  England  since  1857,  when 
Blink  Bonny's  double  victory  in  the  Derby  and  Oaks  placed  honest  old  lop-eared  Mel- 
bourne in  the  premiership.  We  have  had  two  premiers  of  Matchem's  line — Kingston 
and  Hastings — in  the  past  five  years,  hence  I  deem  our  Matchem  horses  better  than 
theirs.  Morion  is  the  best  performer  they  have  had  for  years,  but  considering  that 
he  was  by  Barcaldine  out  of  an  own  sister  to  two  such  sires  as  The  Palmer  and 
Rosicrucian,  he  has  done  very  little  at  the  stud. 

As  for  Herod  horses,  the  descendants  of  Hanover  and  Jim  Gore  should  be  able  to 
fill  the  bill  in  that  direction.  At  the  same  time  the  line  of  Pantaloon,  through  Thor- 
manby,  Atlantic  and  Le  Sancy,  gives  the  French  a  very  wide  opening  in  England  if 
the  Herod  blood  is  all  they  require.  I  never  saw  a  much  harder  finished  horse  than 
Le  Sancy  in  my  life.  And  the  French  have  preserved  the  male  line  of  Selim  (which 
is  that  of  Hanover  also)  through  The  Flying  Dutchman  and  his  son,  Dollar,  to  a 
much  greater  extent  than  most  of  us  are  aware.  Mr.  William  Allison,  of  Cobham, 
has  already  imported  Pastisson,  a  male-line  descendant  of  Flying  Dutchman,  with 
a  view  to  distributing  the  "regenerating  fluid"  in  England.  I  do  not  think  the  gifted 
author  of  "The  British  Thoroughbred"  is  making  any  great  mistake.  They  will  have 
to  come  to  us  or  go  to  France,  for  a  supply  of  Herod  and  Matchem  stallions,  just  as 
we  have  been  compelled  to  go  to  them,  in  the  past  forty  years,  for  better  exponents  of 
the  Eclipse  line  than  we  could  hope  to  produce  at  home. 

The  best  Herod  horse  that  has  been  imported  from  England  in  the  past  forty  years 
is  St.  George,  by  Cremorne ;  and  the  only  stallion  of  any  real  merit  that  Cremorne  ever 
got,  his  best  performer  being  the  flying  filly  Kermesse.  St.  George's  dam  was  Strategy 
by  Adventurer  out  of  Minerva  by  Stockwell,  his  sixth  dam  being  Whim,  the  fifth  dam 
of  both  Barcaldine  and  his  sire,  Solon.  St.  George  is  the  sire  of  several  high-class 
performers  such  as  Aladdin,  winner  of  the  Sheridan  Stakes  and  Oakwood  Handicap ; 
Lucien  Appleby,  winner  of  whole  dozens  of  races ;  and  Bearcatcher,  a  three-year-old, 
whose  mile  in  i  :39%  with  a  goodly  weight  on  his  back,  is  at  least  impressive.  Some 
one  of  these  three  should  serve  to  keep  alive  the  blood  of  Sweetmeat  who  is  one  of  the 
five  greatest  factors  in  modern  pedigrees.  Our  best  native  Herod  horse,  without  one 
moment's  hesitation,  was  Lexington.  No  matter  who  else  was  second,  Lexington  un- 
deniably was  first.  Lexington  was  very  deficient  in  sire  blood  and  that  is  why  his 
male  line  has  so  soon  run  out.  He  succeeded  on  his  marvelous  individuality  and  his 
faultless  form ;  and  that  was  about  all  there  was  to  Hanover,  who  was  about  as  badly 
off  for  sire  blood  as  was  Lexington  himself.  Yet  they  are  the  two  greatest  Herod-line 
sires  since  1800  and  Lexington  stands  close  beside  Sir  Peter  with  a  larger  number  of 
years  to  his  credit  than  the  great  Derby  winner  of  1787,  who  was  also  the  greatest 
Herod  horse  that  England  ever  knew.  Like  Stockwell,  King  Tom  and  Rataplan,  Sir 


T'be  American  'Thoroughbred  101 

Peter  belonged  to  the  No.  3  family  and  was  its  second  greatest  exponent.  He  fell 
behind  Stockwell  in  St.  Leger  winners  but  ranked  one  each  ahead  of  him  on  winners 
of  the  Derby  and  Oaks.  A  half  dozen  sons  of  Sir  Peter — two  of  them  Derby  win- 
ners, Archduke  and  Sir  Harry — were  imported  to  America,  but  none  of  them  were 
worth  the  hay  they  ate  on  the  passage  -across  the  Atlantic. 

In  spite  of  the  failure  of  the  Herod  and  Matchem  lines  in  the  classic  British  events 
since  1870,  the  intelligent  English  breeder  knows  he  has  got  to  come  back  to  Herod 
and  Matchem  sires  before  long.  Mr.  Allison,  a  long  way  the  most  intelligent  breeding 
authority  in  England  told  them,  nearly  six  years  ago,  that  the  British  thoroughbred 
could  no  longer  be  improved  by  breeding  from  the  male  line  of  Eclipse.  And  having 
said  about  all  that  can  now  be  written  upon  this  "horn  of  the  dilemma,"  let  me  now 
have  something  to  write  concerning  sundry  importations  of  British-bred  horses  into 
the  United  States.  Leamington,  Glencoe,  Leviathan,  Bonnie  Scotland,  Billet  and 
Glenelg,  have  all  received  their  due  meed  of  eulogy  at  the  hands  of  the  breeding  public 
but  there  are  some  who  have  met  with  but  little  praise  and  who  deserved  a  good 
deal  more. 

ALBION,  by  Actaeon  or  Cain  (the  former  given  as  the  true  sire  and  generally  ac- 
cepted as  such)  out  of  Panthea,  sister  to  imported  Belshazzar,  by  Blacklock,  was  a 
small  black  horse  foaled  in  1837.  He  was  bred  by  Mr.  E.  Peel  and  imported  as  a 
yearling  by  Hon.  Lucius  J.  Polk,  of  Tennessee,  about  the  same  time  that  gentleman 
imported  Variella,  a  full  sister  tc>  the  great  Voltaire,  but  for  whom  the  male  line  cf 
Blacklock  would  now  be  extinct.  Albion  was  such  <a  little  runt  that  the  Tennessee 
breeders  fought  shy  of  him  and  Mr.  Polk  said  if  nobody  else  would  breed  to  him,  he 
would  breed  him  to  his  own  mares,  which  he  did  with  signal  success.  Albion  got 
Bill  Dearing,  a  large  and  handsome  horse  with  a  fair  turf  record ;  Bill  Cheatham,  a 
capital  two-miler  and  good  enough  at  three  miles  to  defeat  the  North  Carolina  horse 
Tar  River,  then  one  of  three  best  four-milers  in  America,  Nicholas  the  First  and  Sue 
Washington  being  the  other  two;  and  that  great  three-year-old  Socks  who  defeated  the 
great  Planet,  at  Charleston,  twice  within  one  week.  He  also  got  three  good  fillies, 
Sallie  Woodward,  Martha  Worsham  and  Kate  Hayes,  all  out  of  Eudora  by  imp. 
Priam.  From  1858  to  1864,  Albion  was  very  prominent  as  a  sire  of  good  winners. 
Counting  by  the  number  of  races  won,  instead  of  their  moneyed  value,  Albion  made 
as  good  a  showing  as  any  sire  in  America  at  that  period,  but  it  was!  as  a  sire  of 
broodmares  that  he  shone  more  particularly.  He  got  Canary  Bird,  dam  of  Harry 
Bassett ;  and  Lucy  Fowler,  dam  of  Tom  Bowling,  they  being  easily  the  two  greatest 
sons  of  Lexington  on  the  turf  and  about  the  poorest  in  the  stud.  He  also  got  Banner, 
dam  of  Morlacchi,  Bonita,  and  Annie  Bush,  three  first-class  fillies  by  Lexington,  the 
latter  being  the  dam  of  Bushwhacker,  whose  defeat  of  Checkmate  in  the  Morrisey 
Stakes  at  Saratoga,  caused  a  lowering  of  the  two-mile  record,  in  races  between  horses, 
though  Ten  Broeck  had  a  lower  one  against  Time.  The  blood  of  Albion  has  certainly 
been  emblazoned  on  the  banners  of  more  than  one  mighty  conqueror. 

Belshazzar,  ch.  h.  1830,  by  Blacklock,  out  of  Manuella  (Oaks  winner  of  1812,  and 
own  sister  to  Altisidora  who  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1813)  by  Dick  Andrews,  was  a  very 
unlucky  horse,  having  run  third  in  the  St.  Leger  of  1833,  won  by  Rockingham,  a  son 
of  Humphrey  Clinker  who  got  the  great  Melbourne.  Mr.  Watt,  of  Bishop  Burton, 
who  owned  both  Blacklock  and  Tramp,  had  no  hesitation  in  saying  that  his  colt  had 
been  poisoned.  He  was  imported  in  1838,  by  Mr.  Thomas  Flintoff,  of  Nashville,  but, 
before  leaving  England,  he  got  Cara  who  won  the  One  Thousand  Guineas ;  and  a 
number  of  others  fairly  good,  among  which  was  Belle  Dame,  third  dam  of  the  great 
stallion  Hermit  (by  Newminster  and  Derby  winner  in  1867)  who  is  the  only  stallion 
in  English  history  to  head  the  list  of  Winning  Sires  for  seven  consecutive  years. 
Belshazzar  was  leased  to  Capt.  W.  J.  Minor,  of  Mississippi,  in  1842,  where  he  was 
mated  with  imported  Brittania,  a  full  sister  to  Muley  Moloch,  the  sire  of  Alice  Haw- 


IO2  'The  American   Thoroughbred 

thorn.  The  produce  was  a  chestnut  colt  called  Verifier,  who  won  eleven  straight  races 
and  never  was  beaten  until  he  broke  down  while  leading  that  also  great  colt  Revenue. 
Belshazzar  got  a  great  many  good  horses  and  two  of  his  get,  Babylon  and  Ninus,  were 
sent  over  to  England  where  each  won  a  race  or  two.  Belshazzar's  male  line  became 
extinct,  partly  through  the  Civil  War  which  almost  paralyzed  breeding  in  the  South ; 
and  partly  through  the  total  'indifference  of  the  Kentucky  breeders  of  that  period,  who 
could  see  no  merit  in  anything  but  Lexington  and  Yorkshire.  No  horses  "got  the 
cold  shoulder"  worse  than  did  Bonnie  Scotland  and  Leamington  on  their  first  visits  Lo 
the  Blue  Grass  region. 


'The  American  'Thoroughbred  zoj 


OUR     IMPORTED     SIRES 


AMONG  the  great  stallions  imported  to  America,  Leamington,  by  Faugh-a-Ballagh 
(St.  Leger  and  Cesarewitch  winner  of  1844)  is  clearly  entitled  to  supremacy.  No  other 
stallion  ever  got  four  such  winners,  in  a  single  season,  as  Longfellow,  Enquirer,  Lyt- 
tleton  and  Hamburg;  and  as  the  sire  of  Iroquois,  the  only  American  horse  ever  to  win 
an  Epsom  Derby  and  Doncaster  St.  Leger,  he  defies  approach  by  the  best  of  them. 
He  did  not  equal  Lexington  as  a  brood-mare  sire  for  the  reason  that  his  daughters  in- 
herited his  irascible  temper  and  were  not  good  milkers,  while  the  Lexington  mares 
were  like  Jersey  cows.  For  all  that  his  daughters  dropped  such  great  performers  as 
Sir  Dixon,  who  was  also  premier  sire  of  America  in  1901 ;  Potomac,  one  of  the  only 
two  horses  to  win  the  Futurity  at  two  years  old  and  the  Realization  at  three;  and 
Belvidere,  a  fair  race  horse  and  an  excellent  sire;  and,  of  less  note,  such  excellent  per- 
formers as  Manchaca  and  Chesapeake. 

Leamington  made  four  seasons  in  England  prior  to  his  importation  by  Mr.  Cam- 
eron but,  while  all  his  get  were  good  performers,  none  of  them  could  be  called  great. 
Everybody  in  America  knows  of  his  great  achievements  in  his  new  home  and  he  is  the 
only  stallion  since  1870  to  get  two  premier  sires,  Longfellow  in  1891  and  Iroquois  in  1893. 
I  never  saw  Leamington  but  once  and  could  not  get  anywhere  near  him  on  account  of  his 
temper,  but  he  impressed  me  as  having  the  finest  hind  leg  and  especially  the  best  gaskin, 
I  had  ever  seen  under  a  horse.  One  of  his  sons,  the  brilliant  Sensation,  was  second 
on  the  list  of  winning  sires  in  England  in  1899,  through  the  victories  of  Democrat, 
Dominie  and  others  in  Mr.  Pierre  Lorillard's  stable,  trained  by  that  splendid  Con- 
federate veteran,  Mr.  John  Huggins,  of  the  Lone  Star  State.  Of  eleven  stallions  whose 
get  won  upwards  of  $50,000  in  1893,  three  were  sons  of  Leamington — Longfellow,  Iro- 
quois and  Onondaga,  the  latter  a  full  brother  to  Sensation.  It  must  also  be  remembered 
that  another  son  of  Leamington — the  unsexed  Parole — was  the  only  horse  ever  to  win 
the  City  and  Suburban,  Great  Metropolitan  and  Newmarket  Handicaps  in  one  season ; 
and  that,  in  the  latter  race,  he  defeated  the  great  Isonomy,  the  best  cup  horse  of  the 
last  fifty  years.  Leamington  was  a  fitting  exponent  of  the  No.  14  family,  from  which 
came  the  immortal  Touchstone  and  that  Australian  wonder,  Grand  Flaneur  who  got 
Merman,  one  of  the  only  three  horses  to  walk  over  for  the  Goodwood  cup  in  the  long 
space  of  seventy-five  years.  Leamington  was  a  brown  horse  of  almost  perfect  con- 
formation. He  won  the  Chester  cup  and  Goodwood  Stakes  at  four  and  the  Chester 
cup  again  at  six  years ;  and,  in  the  Queen's  Vase  of  the  latter  year,  he  was  beaten  a 
neck  by  the  three-year-old  Schism,  carrying  97  pounds  while  he  carried  121  pounds. 
It  was  a  fitting  end  to  the  turf  career  of  a  horse  whose  real  merit  for  gameness,  coupled 
with  speed,  had  always  been  underestimated  by  the  handicappers. 

IT  is  very  doubtful  if  America  ever  imported  a  much  better  stallion  than  Glenelg. 
He  bred  such  wonderfully  good  legs  and  feet,  and  coupled  with  undeniable  gameness 
and  a  fair  rate  of  speed,  that  he  must  rank  next  to  Leamington  and  Australian  among 
the  more  modern  importations ;  and  for  the  first  three  seasons  of  his  get  upon  the  turf 
you  could  hardly  find  a  buyer  for  a  Glenelg  colt  and,  as  for  his  fillies,  you  coulld 
scarcely  get  a  breeder  to  try  one  of  them  unless  he  was  one  of  that  numerous  class 
that  "Wants  something  for  nothing."  Mr.  E.  J.  Baldwin  of  Santa  Anita,  through 
Mr.  Lewis  R.  Martin  (now  about  fifteen  years  dead)  was  fortunate  enough  to  get  six 


104  The  American   Thoroughbred 

or  seven  of  them  to  mate  with  his  stallion,  Grinstead,  whom  I  shall  always  regard  as 
the  best  sire  that  ever  came  from  the  male  line  of  Lexington.  From  these  mares  he 
bred  Volante,  winner  of  the  American  Derby  and  a  dozen  other  sweepstakes ;  Santiago, 
who  won  the  Drexel  and  Sheridan  and  who  would  have  won  the  Derby  with  an  honest 
ride;  and  Rey  del  Carreras  (Americus)  a  winner  in  both  England  and  America, 
against  the  very  fastest  horses  of  his  day.  Glenelg's  triumphs,  as  a  sire,  covered  nearly 
a  quarter-century;  and  if  ever  a  horse  departed  this  life  as  full  of  laurels  as  of 
years,  he  was  that  horse,  for  he  lived  to  be  thirty-three  and  got  some  fair  winners  at 
twenty-nine.  Glenelg  was  a  great  race  horse  himself  and  his  defeat  of  Niagara  (sister 
to  Preakness,  Rubicon  and  Bay  Final,  the  only  three  brothers,  bred  in  America,  to  win 
races  in  England)  for  the  Bowie  Stakes  at  Baltimore,  at  four  miles,  proved  him  a  racer 
of  undeniable  class.  Disgusted  at  his  failures  for  his  first  three  seasons  at  the  far  East, 
Mr.  Belmont  (the  elder  August)  sold  him  to  a  Kentucky  breeder,  only  to  see  him 
premier  sire  of  all  America  for  four  seasons  out  of  the  six  that  followed.  Glenelg  is 
the  only  stallion  in  American  stud  history  to  get  four  horses  that  won  over  forty 
races  each.  These  were  Little  Minch,  84  races;  Gleaner,  50;  Firenze,  47,  and  Los  An- 
geles, 47,  making  228  races  won  by  four  horses  got  by  one  sire.  I  doubt  if  any  other 
stallion  can  make  the  same  showing.  Glenelg,  in  the  four  seasons  of  his  premiership, 
had  to  his  credit  as  follows:  $98,862  in  1884;  $113,638  in  1886;  $120,031  in  1887,  and 
$130,746  in  1888,  or  nearly  $30,000  more  than  Hanover  got  in  the  same  number  of 
seasons. 

Individual  merit  like  this  cannot  easily  be  denied.  It  shows  that  a  horse  whose  get 
won  in  four  seasons  as  premier  sire  of  America,  was  capable  of  maintaining  his  su- 
premacy against  all  comers,  when  you  consider  the  number  of  races  won  by  his  get 
and  their  moneyed  value.  Like  the  peerless  Lexington  of  a  previous  generation,  Glenelg 
got  no  sires  of  any  great  merit,  but  his  daughters  have  already  built  up  the  reputation 
of  more  than  one  prominent  winner  and  several  fairly  good  stallions.  As  Glenelg's  fe- 
male tail  line  had  not  produced  any  sire  of  note,  the  more  intelligent  class  of  breeders 
fought  shy  of  him  at  first.  Nor  was  it  until  he  had  been  established  thoroughly  as  a 
premier  sire  that  they  began  to  court  his  favors  as  a  sire.  His  mark  upon  the  breed  of 
thoroughbred  horses  in  America  is  one  that  is  clearly  indelible  and  his  daughters  are 
plainly  responsible  for  it.  None  of  his  sons  has  every  arisen  to  the  dignity  of  a  first-class 
sire.  Glenelg  died  at  the  advanced  age  of  thirty-three  years  and  got  five  foals  when 
he  was  thirty-one. 

1  ,  RAYON  D'  OR  classes  up  with  the  very  best  of  our  irn^orted  sires,  not  so  much 
through  Chaos  who  placed  him  at  the  head  of  the  list  in  1889  as  through  the  general 
merit  of  his  progeny.  The  brave  old  French  horse  not  only  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1879 
but  also  carried  off  the  Rous  Memorial  and  the  Prince  of  Wales'  Stakes  at  Newmarket 
at  four,  in  addition  to  winning  the  Prix  du  Cadran  and  the  Prix  Rainbow  (3*4  miles), 
beating  the  French  Derby  winner,  Zut,  in  both  these  races  on  his  native  soil.  Very  few 
stallions,  either  native  or  imported,  get  such  performers  as  Tenny,  winner  of  the 
Brooklyn  Handicap  with  127  pounds;  Tea  Tray,  a  winner  at  all  distances;  Don  De'Oro,  a 
great  winner  in  the  colors  of  the  younger  August  Belmont ;  Octagon,  twice  a  winner  of 
the  Toboggan  Handicap  and  already  sire  of  that  peerless  filly,  Beldame ;  Chaos,  winner 
of  the  Futurity;  Banquet,  winner  of  twenty-eight  races,  four  of  which  were  won  in 
England,  and  Laura  Stone,  one  of  the  best  fillies  of  her  day.  In  all  he  got  104  winners, 
nearly  all  of  which  won  more  than  one  race.  His  daughters  have  bred  well,  one  of 
them  being  the  dam  of  Handspring,  the  best  three-year-old 'of  1896  and  already  the 
sire  of  such  stake-winners  as  Major  Daingerfield,  whose  time  for  the  great  Realization 
Stakes  is  still  the  record  for  that  race. 

IMPORTED  WAGNER,  who  comes  from  the  same  line  of  mares  that  produced  Chat- 
ham, The  Nabob,  The  Duke,  The  Earl  (Grand  Prix  de  Paris  in  1868)  Sesostris,  Spring- 
field and  Tadmor,  in  England;  and  the  great  Kingfisher  (one  of  Lexington's  best  sons) 


American   Thoroughbred  105 

in  America,  must  be  awarded  more  than  passing  mention  in  these  pages,  even  if  he 
had  gotten  nothing  but  "The  Coal  Black  Lady,"  known  as  Imp,  who  won  the  great 
Suburban  Handicap  of  1898.  Wagner  was  by  Prince  Charlie,  the  fastest  horse  in  Eng- 
land in  his  day,  second  to  Wenlock  in  the  St.  Leger  and  winner  of  the  Two  Thousand 
Guineas ;  and  his  dam,  the  Duchess  of  Malri,  was  by  Elland,  who  won  the  Queen's 
Vase  at  Ascot  and  four  other  Cup  races.  The  second  dam,  Bay  Celia,  produced  the 
Duke,  who  won  the  Goodwood  Cup  of  1866,  and  the  Earl,  who  won  the  Grand  Prix  de 
Paris.  Hersey,  the  next  dam,  produced  several  winners ;  and  Hester  not  only  produced 
Chatham  and  The  Nabob,  both  great  sires,  but  also  produced  Palmyra,  the  dam  of 
Sesostris  and  Tadmor  and  second  dam  of  the  great  Springfield,  who  was  the  best 
horse  of  his  day  in  England,  at  weight  for  age,  as  well  as  sire  of  Watercress  and 
Juvenal,  two  of  our  best  importations. 

BILLET,  by  Voltigeur  out  of  Calcutta  by  Flatcatcher,  was  about  as  unfashionably 
bred  horse  as  ever  left  England.  He  was  own  brother  to  Bivouac,  a  good  campaigner, 
but  was  not  much  of  a  horse  himself.  He  was  imported  into  Illinois,  where  he  remained 
in  obscurity  for  several  seasons  till  his  son  Volturno  won  the  rich  Breckenridge  Stakes 
at  Baltimore  and  Volturno's  full  brother,  Elias  Lawrence,  ran  the  fastest  three  miles 
ever  run  at  Saratoga  in  5  :2g.  Several  other  good  ones  showed  up  about  the  same  time 
and  Billet's  owner  received  an  offer  from  Kentucky  that  he  could  not  well  refuse.  Billet 
headed  the  list  of  sires  in  1884  and  subsequently  became  famous  as  the  sire  of  Miss 
Woodford,  the  best  mare  of  that  day.  Then  along  came  Belvedere,  a  horse  of  more  than 
average  class,  followed  by  his  brother,  Sir  Dixon,  who  was  by  far  the  most  brilliant 
three-year-old  of  his  day.  Sir  Dixon's  career  in  the  stud  has  been  uniformly  good  and 
in  1901  he  headed  the  list  of  sires  with  something  over  $250,000  to  his  credit,  counting 
in  the  moneys  won"  by  his  get  in  England  and  France.  If  a  breeding  expert  in  England 
had  been  asked  to  send  over  a  good  stallion,  it  is  safe  to  say  that  he  would  have  picked 
sixty  before  even  thinking  of  Billet.  How  many  horses  have  succeeded  in  America  that 
were  not  bred  from  a  line  of  sire-producing  mares  ?  The  success  of  Billet  only  serves 
to  show  how  great  a  lottery  is  breeding  in  America. 

BUCKDEN,  by  Lord  Clifden  out  of  Consequence  by  Bay  Middleton,  was  a  good  race- 
horse, being  imported  by  William  R.  Travers,  of  New  York,  and  raced  on  all  Eastern 
tracks.  He  won  several  races  and  was  sold  to  Capt.  William  Cottrill,  of  Mobile,  who 
always  spent  his  Summers  at  the  North.  He  purchased  a  farm  in  Kentucky  and  bought 
some  good  mares  to  mate  with  his  good  bay  horse.  Buckden  bred  a  great  deal  of 
extreme  speed,  and  this,  coupled  with  the  fact  that  his  colts  and  fillies  came  early  to 
hand,  soon  made  him  a  popular  young  sire.  He  died  at  the  early  age  of  ten,  having 
gotten  such  stake-winners  as  Ben  d'Or  (best  weight-carrier  of  his  day),  Meditator, 
Aleck  Ament  and  Laura  Glass,  together  with  many  useful  horses  not  quite  up  to  stake 
form. 

HARTINGTON.,  who  won  the  Cesarewitch  of  1864,  was,  like  Billet,  a  son  of  Voltigeur, 
and  as  much  better  bred  horse  than  Billet,  as  was  possible  to  be.  Yet  he  hardly  figures 
in  any  of  our  pedigrees,  save  as  the  sire  of  that  good  mare,  Mary  Howard,  dam  of  Pearl 
Jennings.  Hartington  came  from  the  No.  7  family  which  produced  Mundig,  West  Aus- 
tralian, Cotherstone  and  Donovan,  all  winners  of  the  Derby. 

GLEN  ATHOL,  by  Blair  Athol  out  of  Greta  by  Voltigeur,  one  of  the  finest  bred  horses 
ever  imported,  got  Glenmore,  one  of  the  best  cup-horses  of  his  day  and  a  winner  of  the 
fastest  second  heat  of  four  miles  ever  run.  But  outside  of  Glenmore,  Glen  Athol  is 
hardly  known  save  as  a  broodmare  sire.  His  name  occurs  in  several  good  pedigrees. 
Glen  Athol  was  also  the  sire  of  that  great  cup  horse,  Checkmate,  who  conceded  21 
pounds  to  Bushwhacker  at  Saratoga  and  was  beaten  by  a  bare  length. 

THE  history  of  imported  Bonnie  Scotland,  who  should  have  headed  the  list  of 
winning  sires  long  before  he  did,  is  almost  a  repetition  of  the  long-deferred  triumphs 
of  the  Godolphin  Arabian.  There  seems  to  me  to  be  in  all  the  world's  long  history, 


io6  'The  American   Thoroughbred 

no  other  parallel  to  it.  Imported  in  1858  by  Capt.  Cornish  and  sold  to  Reber  and 
Kutz,  in  a  district  in  Ohio,  where  there  were  but  few  thoroughbred  mares  and  none 
that  had  produced  winners  previous  to  his  advent,  he  was  again  banished  still  further 
away  into  Illinois  and  Iowa,  where  he  appeared  likely  to  die  in  undeserved  obscurity. 
But  the  cloud  over  him  had,  after  all,  a  silver  lining.  One  day  old  Vandal  died  at 
Belle  Meade  and  it  became  necessary  to  select  a  successor  to  the  horse  that  had  saved 
the  male  line  of  Glencoe  from  extinction.  General  Jackson  read  over  the  race  in  which 
Dangerous,  by  Bonnie  Scotland,  had  run  so  well  to  Idlewild  and  Jerome  Edger  in  the 
fastest  time  then  recorded  with  Northern  weight.  He  also  recalled  the  fact  that  in 
the  only  heat  lost  by  the  then  peerless  Asteroid,  he  was  beaten  by  a  son  of  Bonnie  Scot- 
land ;  and  this,  coupled  with  the  fast  three-mile  race  won  by  Frogtown  in  5  '.2gl/>,  de- 
termined him  in  his  idea  of  buying  old  Bonnie  Scotland  and.  transplanting  him  at  Belle 
Meade.  Of  the  triumphs  that  followed  his  purchase  by  General  Jackson,  it  is  hardly 
necessary  for  me  to  speak.  In  the  third  season  after  his  removal  to  Tennessee,  Bonnie 
Scotland  headed  the  list  with  $135,700  won  by  his  get,  being  by  $15,340  the  largest 
amount  credited  to  any  sire  in  America,  whether  native  or  imported.  It  was  an  un- 
usually rainy  year  all  over  America,  and  the  saying,  "Trust  a  Bonnie  Scotland  to  run 
in  the  mud,"  attained  the  proportions  of  an  established  maxim.  Two  years  later  he 
again  reached  the  premiership  of  America  with  $103,475,  and  his  son,  Luke  Blackburn, 
was  the  most  consistent  three-year-old  in  American  history,  having  won  22  races  out  of 
23  starts  at  that  age ;  and  George  Kinney  was  an  exemplar  of  the  Miss  Obstinate  family 
which  reaped  such  green  laurels  in  England  through  the  unsexed  Parole.  And  where 
was  there  any  horse  of  that  period  that  got  such  fillies  as  the  daughters  of  Bonnie  Scot- 
land. Glidelia  won  at  Saratoga  a  mile  and  three-quarters  and  established  new  record 
for  that  distance,  a  record  destined  to  be  unbroken  for  nearly  twenty  years.  Bonnie 
Scotland,  as  a  sire  of  sires,  was  only  fairly  good,  Bramble,  out  of  Ivy  Leaf,  being  by 
long  odds  his  best.  Bramble  never  headed  the  list  of  sires  but  there  was  hardly  a  year 
between  1885  and  1895  that  he  did  not  have  from  $40,000  to  $60,000  to  his  credit ;  and 
there  are  but  few  sires  that  average  as  well.  Even  as  late  as  1901,  shortly  before  old 
Bramble  went  the  way  of  all  horse  flesh,  his  son,  Prince  of  Melbourne,  won  the  Real- 
ization Stakes  at  Coney  Island  and  the  Brighton  Cup  a  few  days  later,  the  two  races 
aggregating  the  handsome  sum  of  $37,000. 

THE  ILL  USED,  by  Breadalbane  out  of  Ellermire  (dam  of  Elland  and  Epigram)  by 
Chanticleer,  was  one  of  the  best  bred  horses  ever  imported  to  America.  He  will  be 
found  in  the  Stud  Book,  Volume  I,  as  the  "Breadalbane  colt."  He  was  knocked  about 
and  bruised  badly  in  his  first  three  races,  on  account  of  which  Mr.  Belmont  gave  him  his 
peculiar  name.  After  that  he  had  no  bad  luck  and  won  a  number' of  good  races,  his 
best  being  in  the  Kenner  Stakes  at  Saratoga,  then  run  at  two  miles.  He  could  stay 
all  day,  but  strange  to  say,  nearly  all  of  his  get  were  notable  as  sprinters,  the  best 
being  Fides,  who  won  the  Toboggan  Handicap.  This  horse  was  just  the  reverse  of 
the  English  horse,  Sterling,  who  was  a  very  short  horse  himself — all  out  at  a  mile  and 
a  quarter — but  got  a  number  of  good  stayers,  Isonomy  and  Gold  among  the  number. 
But  the  daughters  of  the  111  Used  produced  many  good  stayers,  Henry  of  Navarre  and 
Kilmarnock  being  the  most  notable  examples.  Ill  Used  was  a  brother-in-blood  to  the 
Australian  sire,  Epigram,  who  got  Le  Grand,  the  horse  that  defeated  the  great  Martini 
Henry  in  the  Victoria  St.  Leger,  Epigram  being  by  Blair  Athol.  Elland  by  Rataplan  out 
of  The  111  Used's  dam,  won  the  Queen's  Gold  Vase  at  Ascot,  the  Liverpool  Autumn 
Cup  and  several  other  big  races.  The  111  Used  is  an  important  factor  in  some  of  the 
very  best  American  pedigrees.  He  was  a  small  horse  but  looked  every  inch  the  warrior. 

MR.  PICKWICK,  by  Hermit,  out  of  Tomato  by  King  Tom,  from  the  Oaks  winner, 
Mincemeat,  was  another  very  valuable  importation,  being  brought  over  by  Charles  Reed, 
of  Gallatin,  Tenn.  He  died  in  1889,  a  comparatively  young  horse,  being  the  sire  of 
many  good  winners,  the  best  being  Dobbins,  who  ran  a  dead  heat  at  Morris  Park  with 


The  American   Thoroughbred  107 

the  incomparable  Domino  and  won  the  Realization  Stakes  at  three  years  old.  Mr. 
Pickwick  got  a  great  many  good  winners,  among  them  Ida  Pickwick,  who  raced  till 
eight  years  old  and  won  over  sixty  races.  He  was  bred  in  strictly  sire-producing  lines, 
his  third  dam  being  Hybla,  dam  of  the  great  Kettledrum,  who  won  the  Derby  of  1861 ; 
and  his  fifth  dam  produced  Lanercost,  the  greatest  campaign  horse  between  1839  and 
1850  and  over  the  average  as  a  sire.  Mr.  Pickwick's  daughters,  however,  do  not  seem 
to  be  so  successful  as  matrons  as  are  the  daughters  of  St.  Blaise,  by  the  same  sire.  This 
is  somewhat  singular,  because  Mr.  Pickwick  was  much  the  better-bred  horse,  being  from 
the  No.  3  family  while  St.  Blaise  was  from  No.  22.  At  the  same  time,  a  close  review 
of  St.  Blaise's  pedigree  will  show  the  reader  that  he  contained  more  great  broodmare 
sires  than  did  Mr.  Pickwick;  and  that  may  account  for  the  superiority  of  St.  Blaise's 
daughters  as  matrons.  Dobbins,  above  mentioned,  was  sent  to  England  to  race,  but 
broke  down  in  training  and  never  faced  the  starter.  He  was  standing  in  Ireland  when 
I  was  there  in  1901. 

It  is  a  singular  thing  that  with  six  sons  of  the  great  St.  Simon  in  America,  not 
one  of  them  has  ever  been  as  good  as  tenth  on  the  list  of  winning  sires.  Masetto,  out  of 
Lady  Abbess  (sister  of  Exeter,  who  beat  the  great  Rayon  d'Or  in  the  Hardwicke  Stakes 
at  Ascot)  by  Cathedral,  has  gotten  two  good  horses  in  Waring  and  Tommy  Atkins,  the 
latter  of  which  was  sent  over  to  England  and  died  shortly  after  landing;  and  Waring,  a 
winner  of  about  $14,000  in  two  weeks,  at  San  Francisco  in  1900,  is  dead  also.  Basset- 
law,  owned  at  the  Rancho  del  Paso,  gets  a  great  many  horses  in  the  "useful"  class  but, 
as  yet,  has  turned  out  nothing  great.  Scorpion  got  a  fairly  good  colt  in  John  Yerkes 
who  won  the  Drexel  Stakes  at  Chicago,  but  none  of  the  rest  of  his  get  have  achieved 
much.  Two  other  sons  of  St.  Simon — St  Evox  and  Hawkswick — are  more  recent  im- 
portations, but  their  get  are  as  yet  too  young  to  give  any  account  of  themselves.  The 
full  pedigree  of  Hawkswick  (brother  of  Sir  Blundell  Maple's  Childwick  who  defeated 
the  great  Orme)  will  be  found  elsewhere  in  this  book.  He  belongs  to  that  upright 
gentleman  and  enterprising  breeder,  Hon.  Henry  T.  Oxnard,  of  Los  Angeles ;  and  that 
gentleman  will  see  to  it  that  he  has  access  to  the  very  best  mares  in  the  country,  one 
of  which  is  the  flying  filly  Lux  Casta,  by  Donovan,  who  ran  second  to  Yankee  in  the 
Futurity  of  1901. 

IMPORTED  ESHER,  by  Claremont  (son  of  Blair  Athol  and  Coimbra)  out  of  Una  by 
Dusk  (or  Ellington)  had  been  a  great  success  in  Kentucky  up  to  the  time  of  his  death, 
in  December,  1901.  He  was  a  fine  big  upstanding  horse  with  all  the  Blair  Athol  power 
and  a  degree  of  quality  which  he  plainly  inherited  from  the  beautiful  Wild  Dayrell.  He 
got  Alcedo,  a  winner  of  the  Suburban  of  1901 ;  Judith  Campbell  and  her  brother,  the 
game  and  speedy  Moharib ;  Esherine,  winner  of  the  California  Oaks  at  San  Fran- 
cisco ;  Benson  Caldwell,  a  winner  for  five  seasons ;  and  a  dozen  other  good  ones.  Esher 
has  several  sons  already  in  the  stud  but  they  are  as  yet  too  young  to  form  any  ade- 
quate idea  of  their  breeding  capacity.  His  daughters  should  breed  well  for,  while  he 
was  full  of  good  sire  blood,  he  also  has  some  great  broodmare  blood  in  Venison,  Wild 
Dayrell  and  Lanercost;  and  their  daughters  had  over  forty  years  ago  well  earned  the 
fame  enjoyed  by  them  as  matrons.  Esher  died  the  property  of  that  splendid  specimen  of 
a  youns:  country  gentleman,  J.  N.  Camden  Jr.,  of  Kentucky. 

IMPORTED  ORDER  affords  to  the  student  of  breeding  a  very  curious  problem  to  con- 
temnlate.  He  never  started  in  a  race  and,  amongst  other  mares  that  he  served  while 
the  property  of  Mr.  Hal  Headley,  of  Lexington,  was  Victorine  by  Onondaga ;  and  she, 
like  Order,  was  a  maiden.  From  this  union  came  that  good  horse  Ornament,  winner 
of  three  Derbys  at  three  years  old  and  the  best  handicap  horse  in  America  at  four.  Orna- 
ment is  already  a  fairly  tried  sire  and  gets  many  good  horses.  Order  also  got  High 
Order,  a  very  successful  turf  horse ;  and  Box,  a  good  winner  at  the  Atlantic  seaboard 
tracks  against  the  very  best  of  company.  Box  is  now  in  the  stud  of  Mr.  W.  Showalter, 
of  Georgetown,  Scott  county,  Kentucky,  and  gives  promise  of  becoming  a  good  sire. 


io8  The  American  Thoroughbred 

The  blood  of  little  Order,  whose  dam  was  also  the  dam  of  the  great  Orme,  has  evi- 
dently "come  to  stay." 

STALWART  AND  TOPGALLANT  were  full  brothers,  imported  about  the  same  time, 
both  being  by  Sterling  out  of  Sea  Mark  by  Adventurer,  the  next  dam  being  Sea  Gull, 
the  dam  of  Beaudesert.  Stalwart  achieved  nothing  worth  talking  about,  but  Top- 
gallant at  once  leaped  into  fame  as  the  sire  of  Lookout,  Typhoon  and  Algol,  the  latter 
being  as  good  as  any  in  his  three-year-old  form  and  about  the  best  of  the  next  year 
when  he  won  the  rich  Wheeler  Handicap  at  Chicago.  Then  came  Sidney  Lucas,  the 
best  muddy-track  horse  that  had  been  seen  for  many  a  day.  He  won  the  Amer- 
ican Derby  at  Chicago,  after  being  the  fifth  horse  to  enter  the  stretch,  beating,  among 
others,  the  much  vaunted  Lieutenant  Gibson,  who  had  won  the  Kentucky  Derby  a  few 
weeks  before.  Topgallant's  benefits  to  the  American  stud  were  many  and  far  reach- 
ing for  several  of  his  sons  are  making  reputations  as  sires ;  and  one  of  his  daughters, 
Manola  Mason,  is  already  the  dam  of  two  such  flyers  as  McChesney  and  First  Mason, 
both  stake  horses  of  rare  individual  merit. 

Trustee,  by  Catton  out  of  Emma  by  Whisker,  ran  third  in  the  Derby  of  1832,  won 
by  St.  Giles  (also  imported),  the  second  horse  being  Perion  by  Whisker.  Trustee 
afterward  beat  Margrave,  the  St.  Leger,  winner  of  that  year,  in  a  race  in  which  St. 
Giles  ran  outside  the  money.  Trustee  was  full  brother  to  Mundig,  who  won  the 
Derby  of  1835  and  a  half-brother  to  Cotherstone,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand  and 
Derby  in  1843.  Mowerina,  sister  to  Cotherstone,  was  the  dam  of  West  Australian, 
the  first  to  win  "the  triple  crown,"  and  fourth  dam  of  Donovan,  who  won  both  the 
Derby  and  St.  Leger  of  1889.  So  it  will  be  seen  that  this  is  a  great  performing  fam- 
ily but  not  much  for  sires,  Trustee  being  quite  as  good  a  one  as  ever  came  from  that 
of  Gibside  Fairy.  He  was  imported  by  Commodore  R.  F.  Stockton,  U.  S.  A.,  and  stood 
in  New  Jersey.  He  was  rather  small  but  full  of  quality,  aside  from  a  rather  plain 
head ;  and  was  essentially  different  from  Mundig,  who  was  coarse  like  his  sire,  Cat- 
ton.  Trustee  can  be  safely  set  down  as  a  first-class  sire,  having  gotten  Fashion, 
the  best  performing  mare  of  her  day;  Levity,  the  greatest  mare  in  American  his- 
tory, considered  as  an  ancestress ;  Revenue,  the  best  stallion  of  his  day,  to  a  cer- 
tainty ;  and  Reube,  the  best  gelding  of  his  day,  for  he  was  third  and  close  up  to 
Lecompte  and  Lexington  in  the  fastest  heat  of  four  miles  ever  run  up  to  that  time. 

IMPORTED  SOVEREIGN  should  have  bred  better  than  he  did.  He  was  by  the  then 
premier  stallion  of  Europe  (Emilius)  out  of  the  best  mare  for  cup  distances  (Fleur  de 
Lis)  that  had  yet  appeared,  with  the  solitary  exception  of  the  nonpariel  Beeswing. 
He  got  some  good  horses,  but  nothing  like  what  should  have  been  expected  from  his 
superb  breeding.  From  Reel  he  got  Ann  Dunn  and  Prioress,  the  latter  of  which 
was  taken  to  England  where  she  won  the  Cesarewitch  of  1857  (after  a  dead  heat  with 
El  Hakim  and  Queen  Bess)  and  the  Great  Yorkshire  Handicap  of  1858.  Sovereign 
also  got  Charleston,  who  was  also  taken  to  England  to  run  for  the  Ascot  and  Good- 
wood cups,  but  he  became  a  "roarer"  soon  after  landing.  Sovereign's  male  line 
became  extinct  with  the  death  of  John  Morgan,  but  some  of  his  daughters  have 
bred  very  well,  more  particularly  Dixie,  who  laid  the  foundation  of  an  ample  for- 
tune for  my  good  old  friend,  Major  B.  G.  Thomas,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky. 

IMPORTED  YORKSHIRE  AND  NICHOLAS  were  full  brothers  brought  to  this  country 
by  R.  D.  Shepherd.  They  were  by  St.  Nicholas,  who  was  by  Emilius  out  of  Sea 
Mew  (full  sister  to  Shoveler,  who  won  the  Oaks  of  1819,  and  to  Sailor,  who  won 
the  Derby  in  1820)  by  Scud,  thus  being  inbred  to  Beningbrough,  Leviathan  being  in- 
bred in  almost  a  similar  manner.  The  dam  of  these  colts  was  Miss  Rose  by  Tramp, 
from  a  mare  by  Sancho  (St.  Leger,  winner  in  1804)  from  the  Coriander  mare  that 
produced  Theodore  (St.  Leger,  1822)  and  the  mighty  Blacklock,  male-line  ancestor 
of  the  incomparable  St.  Simon.  I  may  dismiss  Nicholas  by  saying  that  his  only 
progeny  of  any  distinction  was  the  black  horse  Tar  River,  who,  though  a  trifle  de- 


'The  American  'Thoroughbred  109 

ficient  in  speed,  gave  Sue  Vvashington  and  Nicholas  the  First  the  races  of  their  lives. 
Yorkshire  was  a  different  proposition.  He  won  at  mile  heats  on  Tuesday  and  two 
mile  heats  on  Thursday  and  because  he  could  not  beat  George  Burbridge  at  three 
mile  heats  the  next  Saturday,  his  owner  (Com.  Morgan,  U.  S.  N.,)  presented  him  to 
Hon.  Henry  Clay,  whose  son,  the  late  John  M.  Clay,  bred  scores  of  good  winners 
from  him.  Yorkshire  never  got  a  sire  worthy  of  mention,  nor  did  any  of  his  sons 
run  well  at  five  or  six  years  old.  His  daughters  bred  well  to  everything;  and  one 
of  them,  Bay  Leaf,  was  the  only  American  mare,  up  to  1890,  that  had  dropped. three 
horses  to  win  races  in  England — Preakness,  Rubicon  and  Bay  Final.  The  Yorkshire 
mares  bred  exceptionally  well  to  Lexington  and  another  great  descendant  of  Bay 
Leaf  was  that  splendid  racer  and  capital  sire,  Bramble. 

IMPORTED  SCYTHIAN,  who  won  the  Chester  cup  of  1854,  was  as  bad  a  failure  as 
could  have  been  expected  from  as  well-bred  a  horse  as  he  was.  By  Orlando  (Derby 
of  1844),  out  of  a  mare  by  Hetman  Platoff  (sire  of  a  Derby  winner),  and  her  dam 
the  Oaks  winner,  Princess,  one  would  have  said  "Seek  no  further,"  but  he  only  got 
two  really  good  ones — Sympathy  and  Lizzie  W. — full  sisters  and  great  winners  in 
1864.  I  saw  Scythian  shortly  after  his  arrival  and  he  did  no^  please  me.  He  had 
good  shoulders  and  grand  quarters,  two  galloping  ends  stuck  together  with  a  very 
poor  middle  piece.  He  was  a  very  costly  purchase  for  Mr.  Robert  Alexander. 

Two  sons  of  the  great  Isonomy  have  been  imported  to  America — Hermence  and 
Water  Level,  the  latter  of  whom  is  something  of  a  disappointment.  Hermence,  since 
he  passed  into  the  possession  of  Mr.  O.  H.  Chenault,  of  Lexington,  seems  to  have 
made  a  marked  improvement  in  himself.  He  got  that  deservedly  great  little  horse, 
Hermis,  whose  dam  is  Katy  of  the  West,  going  back  to  Chloe  Anderson,  the  great 
grand  dam  of  the  great  three-miler  Norfolk,  whose  record  made  thirty-nine  years  ago, 
is  still  unbeaten.  Hermis  has  won  many  a  good  race,  his  three  best  performances 
being  the  Brighton  Cup  of  1903  in  the  second  best  time  recorded;  the  Suburban  of  the 
present  year  in  the  second  best  record  for  that  race  and  the  best  when  the  weights 
are  considered ;  and  the  Test  Handicap  at  Brighton  Beach,  in  which  he  covered  a 
mile  in  1 138  with  133  pounds,  beating  that  great  filly  Beldame,  conceding  thirty 
pounds  to  that  good  filly  Dainty,  who  finished  third.  Hermence  is  one  of  the  best 
horses  on  earth  and  was  imported  by  William  Astor  of  New  York.  He  is  out  of 
the  Oaks  winner  Thebais,  by  Hermit  from  Devotion  by  Stockwell,  thus  being  in-bred 
to  that  greatest  of  all  English  sires. 

MARTENHURST  ran  third  in  the  Derby  of  1891,  won  by  Common  with  Gouverneur 
second ;  and  was  imported  into  America  in  the  fall  of  1892,  by  Mr.  Simeon  G.  Reed 
of  Pasadena,  at  a  cost  of  about  $13,000  up  to  the  time  he  landed  in  California.  He 
made  the  season  of  1893  at  the  Rancho  del  Paso  and  died  at  Los  Angeles  of  pneu- 
monia, as  the.  result  of  a  cold  contracted  on  a  train  while  crossing  the  Tehachapi 
mountains.  I  do  not  claim  that  he  was  the  superior  of  St.  Blaise,  Mr.  Pickwick, 
Eothen  or  Deceiver,  among  the  Touchstone  horses  imported  into  this  country,  but  he 
had  certainly  a  chance  to  become  so,  had  he  lived.  Martenhurst,  at  the  Rancho  del 
Paso,  served  fifteen  of  Mr.  Haggin's  mares,  getting  thirteen  foals,  one  of  which  got 
crippled  and  was  therefore  never  trained.  Of  the  remainder,  each  one  became  a 
winner  of  at  least  one  race  in  good  company ;  and  several  of  his  get  exhibited  genu- 
ine stake  form.  His  death  weighed  heavily  upon  his  owner,  an  enterprising  and 
large-hearted  man  in  whose  employ  I  had  the  honor  to  be  during  my  days  as  a  steam- 
boat officer.  Mr.  Reed  imported  an  Irish  horse  called  Duncombe  to  take  Marten- 
hurst's  place,  but,  while  he  was  fairly  good,  he  achieved  no  such  results  as  could 
have  been  reasonably  expected  from  the  great  bay  son  of  Wenlock,  had  he  lived. 
Martenhurst's  dam  was  Hirondelle  (sister  to  Josyan)  by  Adventurer,  out  of  Lady 
Langden  by  Kettledrum,  she  being  the  dam  of  the  Derby  winner,  Sir  Bevys,  and  of 


no  The  American   Thoroughbred 

the  great  little  stallion  Hampton,  the  only  stallion  to  get  three  winners  of  the  Derby 
since  the  death  of  Stockwell,  so  justly  styled  "The  Emperor  of  Stallions." 

Too  much  praise  cannot  be  paid  Mr.  James  B.  Haggin,  of  California,  for  the  spirit 
of  enterprise  which  led  up  to  his  importation,  at  one  time,  of  three  such  stallions  as 
Watercress,  Goldfinch  and  Golden  Garter.  The  first  is  one  of  the  most  massive  and 
masculine  horses  ever  imported,  being  nearly  as  heavy  as  Darebin,  of  whom  I  have 
spoken  elsewhere.  Watercress,  being  a  large  and  growthy  colt,  did  not  start  at  two 
years  old  but,  at  three,  won  the  Prince  of  Wales  Stakes  at  Ascot  and  ran  second  in 
the  St.  Leger,  won  by  that  marvelous  mare  La  Fleche.  In  this  country  he  has  cer- 
tainly distinguished  himself,  being  the  sire  of  Watercure,  Water  Boy  (a  great  handi- 
cap horse,  the  best  of  1903),  Watershed  (a  winner  of  the  Cambridgeshire  in  Eng- 
land) and  Nasturtium,  who  was  deemed  good  enough  to  send  over  to  run  for  the 
English  Derby.  In  addition  to  these  he  got  Headwater  and  a  dozen  other  top-saw- 
yers in  the  selling  plater  class.  Watercress  has  made  a  great  name  for  Rancho  del 
Paso  and  the  effects  of  his  importation  will  be  found  to  be  far-reaching.  He  comes 
from  the  good  old  No.  10  family  from  which  came  Blink  Bonny,  Blair  Athol  and 
Breadalbane,  in  England;  Bonnie  Scotland  in  America,  and  Anteros  and  Light  Artil- 
lery in  Australia. 

Goldfinch,  by  Ormonde,  out  of  Thistle  (dam  of  Common,  who  won  the  "triple 
crown"  of  England  in  1891)  by  Scottish  Chief,  is  a  horse  to  my  eye.  He  is  about 
fifteen  hands,  three  inches  high,  which  is  tall  enough  for  any  horse.  He  is  a  beau- 
tiful bay  and  about  the  smoothest  finished  horse  I  can  remember  to  have  seen 
anywhere.  He  ran  several  good  races  in  England,  including  the  New  Stakes  at 
Ascot,  one  of  the  biggest  two-year-old  events  in  that  country.  After  his  importation 
to  America  (he  having  made  but  one  season  in  England)  his  daughter  Chelandry, 
out  of  the  dam  of  the  Derby  winner  Ladas,  came  out  and  won  the  One  Thousand 
Guineas,  on  the  strength  of  which  an  offer  of  re-purchase  was  made  but  politely  de- 
clined. As  sire  of  Tradition,  by  long  odds  the  best  two-year-old  of  1904,  regardless 
of  sex,  Goldfinch  now  divides  with  Watercress  the  honors  of  Premiership  at  the  big 
farm  on  the  American  river. 

Golden  Garter,  by  Bend  d'Or,  out  of  Sanda  (dam  of  the  Derby  winner  Sanfoin, 
sire  of  that  great  performer  Rock  Sand)  by  Wenlock,  while  he  does  not  class  with 
Watercress  and  Goldfinch,  is  entitled  to  be  called  the  sire  of  something  more  than 
"useful"  horses.  Among  his  winners  are  Golden  Maxim,  Meehahus,  "Art/vis,  Girdle 
and  Golden  Rule,  all  winners  of  $15,000  and  upwards.  I  like  a  horse  that  has  lots 
of  great  mares  in  his  pedigree  and  Golden  Garter  is  well  fortified  in  this  respect, 
for  he  has  Beeswing  and  Pocahontas,  dams  of  winners  of  the  Two  Thousand  and  St. 
Leger ;  and  Miss  Twickenham,  Alice  Hawthorne,  Mineral,  Rouge  Rose,  Marigold, 
Martha  Lynn  and  Vulture,  all  dams  of  Derby  winners.  Beeswing  won  52  races  out 
of  63;  Alice  Hawthorne  50^  out  of  68,  and  Vulture  32  out  of  69,  Beeswing  being  the 
only  animal  to  win  the  Doncaster  Cup  four  times  and  the  Ascot  Cup  twice.  Golden 
.Garter  is  half-brother  to  Black  Sand,  a  great  handicap  horse  who  ran  second  for  the 
Cesarewitch  in  1901  and  won  it,  in  a  field  of  seventeen  starters,  in  the  following  year. 

MEDDLER,  who  will  be  gazetted  as  the  premier  sire  of  1904,  belonged  to  that  rough- 
and-tumble  sportsman,  George  A.  Baird,  who  raced  under  the  name  of  "Mr.  Abing- 
don."  He  died  very  suddenly  and,  as  all  his  horses  were  disqualified  in  the  English 
classic  events  by  his  death,  he  was  sold  to  Mr.  W.  H.  Forbes,  of  Neponset,  Mass.  Mr. 
Forbes  died  about  two  years  later  and  all  his  horses  were  sold,  Mr.  William  C. 
Whitney,  of  New  York,  becoming  the  purchaser  at  $55,000.  Meddler  started  but  three 
times,  winning  all  his  races,  but  as  he  was  of  the  same  age  with  Isinglass,  the  greatest 
money-winner  the  world  has  ever  produced,  it  is  hard  to  believe  he  could  have  beaten 
the  son  of  Isonomy  at  three  years  old.  Meddler  is  by  St.  Gatien  (Derby  winner  of 
1884)  out  of  Busybody  (Oaks  of  1884)  from  Spinaway  (Oaks  1878)  from  Queen. 


The  American  Thoroughbred 


Bertha  (Oaks  1863)  by  Kingston,  being  the  only  stallion  in  the  world  having  the  first 
three  generations,  on  his  dam's  side,  as  winners  of  the  Oaks  consecutively.  Meddler's 
rise,  from  tenth  place  in  1901  to  first  in  1904,  is  the  result  of  Mr.  Whitney's  liberal 
purchases  of  great  mares  between  1897  and  1900 ;  and  to  the  intelligent  manner  in 
which  the  pick  of  these  mares  were  mated  with  him.  Stalwart,  by  Meddler  out  of 
Melba,  by  imp.  Mortemer,  won  the  most  money  of  all  the  three-year-old  colts  in  1904, 
being  second  only  to  the  peerless  Beldame,  of  his  own  age ;  and  Colonial  Girl  a 
daughter  of  Meddler,  won  the  St.  Louis  Fair  Handicap,  which  she  was  lucky  to 
catch  on  a  muddy  track,  as  Hermis,  who  ran  second  to  her,  would  surely  have  beaten 
her  on  a  good  day  and  a  good  track.  If  I  live  ten  years  longer,  I  hope  to  see  an 
inbred  Stockwell  horse,  produced  by  mating  a  son  of  Meddler  with  a  daughter  of 
imported  Esher.  This  will  give  a  double  of  the  blood  of  Blair  Athol — by  long  odds 
the  best  son  of  Stockwell.  Here  will  be  the  tabulation : 


<  ) 

O  1 


Melba 


Esher 


!    St.  Gatien 


Meddler          •{ 


Mortemer 


I  Trill 


Claremont 


Una 
I  Dusk 


(  The  Rover 


St.  Editha 


*•  Busybody        •{ 


(  Petrarch 
I 


I  Spinaway 
(    Compeigne 


Cadence 
(    Blair  Athol 
(   Coimbra 

f  Wild  Dayrell 
\ 


\  Blair   Athol 
\  Edith 


Kingley    Vale 
Miss   Agnes 


Lord    Clifden 
Laura 


Macaroni 
Queen  Bertha 

Fitz  Gladiator 
Maid  of  Hart 
Nuncio 
Eusebia 

Lexington 
Coral 


\    Macaroni 
j    Castagnette 
\   Stockwell 
\   Blink  Bony 
|   Kingston 
\   Calcavella 
\  Ion 
\  Ellen 
'   Middleton 


I  Circassian    Maid      \   Lanercost 
.dam's    ped-igree  not  yet  given. 


This  would  be,  in  my  belief,  the  best  possible  way  of  preserving  the  blood  of  Blair 
Athol  in  America.  A  stallion  so  bred  would  be  very  valuable  for  the  reason  that  there 
would  be  two  crosses  each  of  Blair  Athol,  Marcaroni,  Orlando  and  Newminster ;  and 


112  The  American   Thoroughbred 

there  would  be  five  crosses  of  Touchstone  and  four  of  Birdcatcher,  two  horses  now 
nearly  fifty  years  dead.  There  would  be  three  crosses  of  Gladiator,  the  best  horse  ever 
sent  to  France ;  and  eight  of  Blacklock  whose  male  line  is  now  at  the  head  of  the 
English  turf,  through  Galopin,  St.  Simon  and  two  sons  of  the  latter,  each  of  whom  has 
headed  the  list  of  England's  winning  sires.  There  would  be  a  horse  inbred  to  my 
liking  because,  outside  of  their  descent  from  Blair  Athol,  nothing  could  be  more  unlike 
than  Esher  and  Meddler.  Who  will  be  the  first  one  to  try  this  experiment? 

BEN  STROME,  imported,  headed  the  list  of  Winning  Sires  in  America  for  1903  by 
a  very  narrow  margin  but  has  already  shown  himself  an  exceptional  sire  of  spee<1. 
His  get  are  mostly  partial  to  short  courses  but  he  got  that  great  colt  Highball,  owned 
by  Walter  M.  Scheftel,  of  New  York,  who  won  the  American  Derby  at  Chicago  with 
him.  Highball  broke  his  leg,  a  few  weeks  afterwards,  which  necessitated  his  being 
killed.  This  was  particularly  distressing  as  Highball  was  the  only  really  game  horse 
that  Ben  Strome  ever  got.  Ben  Strome  was  by  the  Derby  winner,  Bend  d'Or,  his  dam 
being  Strathfleet  by  Scottish  Chief,  she  being  a  full  sister  to  Highland  Fling,  dam  of 
that  good  horse  Saraband.  This  is  the  No.  14  family  of  Bruce  Lowe's  system,  being 
also  that  of  Touchstone,  Leamington,  Macaroni  and  Darebin.  Therefore  I  regard  Ben 
Strome  as  the  most  eligible  horse  in  America  for  mares  having  a  double  cross  of  the 
well-beloved  Leamington.  He  is  an  old  horse,  just  twenty,  for  which  reason  the  early 
death  of  his  only  good  staying  son,  Highball,  must  be  regarded  as  a  public  misfortune. 
The  fact  that  Ben  Strome  never  got  a  decent  selling-plater  in  England ;  and  that  he 
rose  to  be  a  premier  sire  in  America,  only  serves  to  emphasize  more  strongly  what  I 
have  already  said  about  American  breeding  being  more  or  less  of  a  lottery. 

KANTAKA,  by  Scottish  Chief  out  of  Seclusion  (Hermit's  dam)  carries  on  his  first 
two  crosses,  the  impress  of  a  good  broodmare  sire  but  nothing  more.  He  got  Meadow- 
thorpe,  Time  Maker  and  a  great  many  more  exceedingly  useful  horses,  but  nothing 
that  can  be  called  great.  As  both  his  sire  and  his  dam's  sire  were  good  broodmare 
sires  and  distinctly  female-line  horses,  I  have  no  hesitation  in  recommending  daughters 
of  Kantaka  for  the  foundation  of  new  breeding  studs  throughout  the  United  States, 
especially  where  a  male  line  descendant  of  Galopin  is  installed  as  premier  sire,  Galopin 
having  gotten  Donovan  (largest  money  winner  up  to  1892)  from  a  daughter  of 
Scottish  Chief.  Several  sons  of  St.  Simon  from  Scottish  Chief  mares,  have  also  per- 
formed well. 

We  have  been  both  fortunate  and  unfortunate  in  our  importations  of  foreign-bred 
horses.  We  got  the  best  son  of  Sultan  in  Glencoe ;  the  best  of  Faugh-a-Ballagh  in 
Leamington ;  the  best  son  of  West  Australian  in  Millington,  afterwards  called  Aus- 
tralian •  and  the  best  son  of  Compeigne  in  Mortemer.  On  the  other  hand,  "the  enter- 
taining fact  remains"  that  we  never  got  a  really  good  son  of  Tramp,  Touchstone,  Stock- 
well,  Rataplan,  Birdcatcher  or  Newminster,  six  truly  great  stallions  whose  fame  as 
sires  covered  a  period  of  over  sixty  years.  Look  over  our  successful  horses  in  America 
— Billet,  Bonnie  Scotland,  Glenelg  and  Buckden — and  then  go  back  to  England  for  the 
female  tail  lines  of  those  horses.  Just  see  how  many  sires  you  will  find.  Take  even 
Sir  Modred — the  greatest  horse  ever  imported  if  you  count  by  the  number  or  races 
won,  instead  of  money  values — and  what  do  you  find  in  that  No.  17  family,  for  sires? 
Only  Pantaloon  in  England,  Yattendon  in  Australia,  and  Verneuil  in  France.  Hence 
the  intelligent  reader  will  coincide  with  me  that  breeding  in  America  is  a  great  lottery 
and  the  selection  of  yearlings  for  stake  entries,  a  still  greater  one.  This  kind  of  read- 
ing may  not  be  pleasing  to  some  of  my  readers,  as  I  am  already  aware,  but  it  is  "the 
frozen  truth"  and  I  would  rather  be  considered  a  candid  man  than  a  great  one.  People 
may  affect  to  dislike  you  because  you  are  plain  and  blunt  in  your  utterances,  but  they 
are  sure  to  have  a  certain  amount  of  secret  respect  for  you  when  your  back  is  turned. 

The  importation  of  Derby  winners  in  the  United  States  has  been,  generally  speak- 
ing, disastrous  to  all  concerned.  The  only  exceptions  to  the  rule  were  Diomed, 


'The  American  Thoroughbred  //j> 

winner  of  the  first  Derby  and  St.  Blaise  who  won  it  in  1883.  Diomed  got  one  great 
race  horse,  Ball's  Florizel,  who  won  seven  straight  races  without  defeat.  He  also  got 
that  incomparable  stallion  Sir  Archy,  who  while  not  as  good  a  turf  horse  as  Florizel, 
was  the  best  native  sire  from  1810  to  1860.  Diomed  also  got  Duroc,  a  big  and  coarse 
horse  whose  sole  fame  was  from  his  being  the  sire  of  the  unbeaten  American  Eclipse. 
There  were  two  crosses  of  Duroc  in  Nantura,  dam  of  the  great  Longfellow.  The 
triumphs  of  Sir  Archy  in  the  stud  were  without  any  previous  parallel,  getting  four 
such  sires  as  Timoleon,  Virginian,  Sir  Charles  and  Henry;  and  Sir  Archy's  daughters 
showed,  if  possible,  greater  merits  than  his  sons  for  they  made  reputations  for  a  great 
many  other  stallions.  Sir  Archy  must  have  been1  a  pretty  good  race-horse  also,  for  his 
owner  challenged  all  America  to  match  him  at  four-mile  heats  in  1810,  a  defiance 
which  met  with  no  response.  Nevertheless,  I  have  always  been  disposed  to  credit 
a  great  portion  of  Sir  Archy's  excellence  to  his  dam  Castianira  by  Rockingham,  out  of 
Tabitha  by  Trentham;  and  both  those  sires — Rockingham  and  Trentham — got  winners 
of  the  Oaks,  while  Diomed,  notwithstanding  his  prestige  as  the  first  Derby  winner, 
never  got  a  single  classic  winner  and  is  only  known  to  the  best  English  breeders  as  a 
broodmare  sire.  He  got  Young  Giantess,  the  dam  of  Sorcerer  and  grand-dam  of 
Phantom  and  Priam,  both  Derby  winners  and  good  sires.  Up  to  1850  Priam  was  the 
only  horse,  save  Waxy,  to  get  three  winners  of  the  Oaks. 

St.  Blaise,  however,  made  a  mark  for  himself  that  is  not  easily  obliterated.  He 
got 'Potomac,  one  of  the  only  two  horses  to  win  the  Futurity  at  two  years  old  and  the 
Realization  at  three ;  La  Tosca,  by  ten  pounds  the  best  filly  of  her  day ;  St.  Florian,  a 
great  two-year-old  and  a  fair  sire ;  St.  Carlo,  who  was  undoubtedly  "pulled"  in  the 
Futurity  and  since  a  capital  sire;  St.  Maxim,  Prince  of  Monaco,  St.  Julien,  Magnet 
(now  in  Australia),  Belisarius  (winner  of  over  100  races)  and  forty  or  fifty  other 
good  ones.  He  was  sold  at  the  death  of  his  importer,  the  elder  Belmont,  after  which 
he  achieved  but  little  in  the  stud  as  his  new  owner,  who  paid  $100,000  for  him  at 
auction,  neglected  to  purchase  the  mares  to  whom  St.  Blaise  owed  so  much  of  his 
success.  His  daughters  are  breeding  well  as  a  rule,  one  of  them  being  the  dam  of  that 
great  performer  Bannockburn.  , 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  Derby  winners  imported  to  the  United  States,  to- 
gether with  the  years  they  were  foaled,  viz : 

Archduke     ...1706        Eagle    1795        Priam    1827        St.    Giles    1820, 

Uiomed    1777       John   Bull    ...1789        Saltram    1780        Sir  Harry   ...I7Q5 

Lapdog   1823        St.    Blaise    . .  .1880 

PRIAM  got  many  winners  but  inflicted  an  almost  irreparable  injury  upon  the  stock 
of  America  as  he  was  very  light  under  the  knee  and  had  bad  legs,  in  addition  to 
which  most  of  his  get  were  knee-tied.  His  best  was  Monarch 
whom  he  got  before  leaving  England.  Monarch  won  ten  races  with- 
out defeat  but  carefully  avoided  meeting  Boston,  who  was  then  Jhe  champion 
of  the  Atlantic  Seaboard;  and  Wagner  who  was  equally  the  best  in  the  Mississippi 
Valley  States.  Monarch  was  a  good  broodmare  sire. 

The  reader  can,  therefore,  see  for  himself  that  the  Australians  in  importing  no 
Derby  winners  and  only  one  winner  of  the  St.  Leger,  "builded  wiser  than  they  knew." 
They  let  us  import  all  the  Derby  winners  we  wanted ;  and  those  chiefly  after  the  English 
breeders  had  them  tried  and  found  wanting.  They  imported  their  stallions  and  mares, 
exclusively  with  a  regard  to  heavy  bone  and  ability  to  carry  weight.  I  believe  that  the 
Australians  breed  as  good  horses  as  ours,  but  not  as  many  of  them ;  and  we  breed  as 
good  horses  as  are  to  be  found  in  England,  but  not  so  many  as  they  do.  Moreover, 
the  English,  and  Australians — and  the  French,  too,  for  that  matter — have  a  heavier 
scale  of  weights  than  ours  which  is  a  great  benefit.  Our  light  weight  system  throws 
many  good  riders  out  of  employment  for,  just  as  soon  as  a  boy  gets  so  that  he  becomes 
a  really  great  rider,  he  becomes  too  heavy  to  do  the  weight.  In  1890  I  was  at  a  meeting 


//</  The  American   Thoroughbred 

at  Melbourne  where  the  crack  jockey,  Tom  Hales,  now  dead  and  gone  to  an  honest 
man's  just  reward,  had  an  average  of  two  mounts  per  day;  and  he  was  then  hugging 
the  lee  shore  of  fifty  pretty  closely  and  could  not  ride  at  less  than  122  pounds.  Given 
such  a  scale  of  weights  here  as  prevail  there,  and  our  crack  jockeys  would  be  retained 
in  the  saddle  for  several  years  longer  than  is  the  case  at  present. 

Lexington  certainly  got  two  great  stake  horses  where  either  Leamington  or  Bonnie  Scot- 
land got  one,  they  being  his  principal  competitors  at  that  period.  Nor  was  it  till  after  Lexing- 
ton was  dead  that  Bonnie  Scotland  was  transferred  to  Belle  Meade  and  given  the  first 
fair  chance  of  his  life;  and  even  then,  poor  old  Bonnie  was  23  years  old.  In  all  other 
years  these  great  sires  were  buried  alive,  one  in  Pennsylvania  and  the  other  first  in 
Ohio  and  then  in  Iowa,  two  states  where  there  are  but  few  thoroughbred  mares ; 
and  the  same  was  true  of  Balrownie,  in  a  less  degree,  who  was  sent  to  Boston  where 
he  did  not  average  a  half-dozen  thoroughbred  mares  each  year.  Granted  that  Leam- 
ington and  bonnie  Scotland  could  have  been  sent  to  Kentucky  on  their  arrival  and  kept 
there  till  death,  I  seriously  doubt  if  Lexington  would  have  headed  the  list  more  than  six 
years.  Yet  he  was  about  the  most  uniform  breeder  that  I  ever  heard  of,  in  America  or 
elsewhere.  And  the  reader  must  remember  that  in  1870  when  Lexington  headed  the 
list  with  $120,360,  the  big  moneyed  events  were  for  three-year-olds  and  not  for  two- 
year-olds,  as  at  present.  And  for  all  that,  with  four  such  colts  as  Longfellow,  En- 
quirer,. Lyttleton  and  Hamburg  to  run  for  him,  Leamington  had  to  take  second  place  to 
the  white-legged  son  of  Boston  and  Alice  Carneal. 

From  1850  to  1859,  when  Hanover  first  gained  the  top  of  the  tree  in  America, 
no  stallion  under  15  years  old  had  ever  headed  the  list,  save  Lexington,  who  w'a's 
eleven  in  1861,  his  first  year  of  premiership.  In  1902  came  a  smashing  of  the  slate 
when'  "Augie"  Belmont's  fine  horse  Hastings,  was  first  at  nine  years  of  age,  as  against 
eleven  for  Stockwell,  eleven  for  Newminster  and  ten  for  Orlando,  in  their  first  years 
of  premiership  in  England.  It  is  a  strange  thing  that  a  horse  of  such  marvelous 
prepotency  as  Lexington  should  never  have  gotten  a  sire  above  the  second  class,  but 
such  is  the  stubborn  and  ineffaceable  fact.  The  elder  Belmont  bred  over  $25,000  worth 
of  imported  mares  to  Lexington  in  the  hope  of  getting  his  equal  as  a  sire ;  and  the 
best  he  got  was  Kingfisher  who,  though  great  as  a  sire  of  broodmares,  was  barely  out 
of  the  third  class  as  a  sire  of  winners.  And  the  same  amount  of  money  expended  now 
would  not  buy  half  as  many  mares.  And  yet  I  repeat  what  I  said  in  another  part  of 
this  work — that,  during  Lexington's  lifetime  there  was  not  a  year  after  1862  that  a  man 
could  not  buy  ten  of  his  yearlings,  with  a  positive  certainty  that  at  least  three  of 
them  would  turn  out  stake-winners,  something  that  has  not  since  been  true  of  any 
other  stallion,  whether  native  or  imported.  How  the  male  line  of  such  a  wonderfully 
prepotent  sire  ever  came  to  be  threatened  with  total  extinction,  as  is  now  the  case, 
passes  my  comprehension. 

I  herewith  append  a  table  of  the  largest  American  winners  at  two  years  old,  be- 
ginning in  1879  with  Sensation  (brother  to  Onondaga)  who  was  the  first  of  that  age  to 
w-in  even  $10,000. 

Sensation    $  20,250  Potomac*    $  78,460 

Spinaway    16,250  His  Highness    109,400 

Onondaga    17,960  Morello   5S,26o 

George    Kinney    I7,37O  Domino   180,085 

Wanda  35,745  Butterflies  54,690 

Gen.  Harding   16,635  Requital*  58,615 

Ban  Fox  22,940  Ogden    Imp 53,255 

Tremont    40,085  L'Alouette    42,290 

Emperor   of    Norfolk 37,O20  Martimas    43,565 

Proctor   Knott    69,780  Mesmerist 49>I52 

Chaos     63,55O  Commandot    40,862 

*  Won   the    Futurity;    t  won   th;  Matron  Stakes. 


T'he  American  ^hor-oughbred 


Of  these  Domino  was  clearly  the  best  as  he  was  never  beaten.  Next  to  him,  \\\ 
my  opinion,  came  Potomac,  Morello  and  Requital,  all  great  performers  at  three.  The 
two  worst  that  ever  won  this  race  were  L'Alouette  and  Chaos,  neither  of  which  were 
of  any  class  afterwards.  His  Highness  was  a  great  two-year-old  but  a  great  dis- 
appointment at  three.  Chacornac  won  the  Futurity  in  Mesmerist's  year ;  Ballyhoo 
Bey  in  Commando's  year,  but  it  was  only  worth  $33,500  in  that  year.  In  the  past  four 
years  the  Futurity  winners  have  been  Yankee  by  Hanover;  Savable  by  Salvator;  Ham- 
burg Belle  and  Artful  by  Hamburg,  both  of  them  comparatively  light  weighted.  Tra- 
dition is  a  head  and  shoulders  the  best  two-year-old  of  either  sex  in  this  year,  as 
was  Irish  Lad  in  1^:02.  It  will  be  seen  that,  in  the  above  given  list  of  champion  two- 
year-olds,  imported  Leamington  was  the  only  sire  to  get  three  and  no  other  horse  save 
the  native-bred  Hamburg  got  two.  I  append  a  table  of  largest  winners  of  any  age 
between  1870  and  1892,  inclusive,  as  several  of  the  horses  therein  named  are  still 
living. 


1870 — Kingfisher,    3 $  25,750 

1871 — Harry  Bassett,  3 34,250 

1872 — Joe  Daniels,  3 25,350 

1873 — Tom   Bowling,   3 27,150 

1874 — Vandalite,  3 23,760 

1875— Aristides,    3 15,750 

1876— Vigil,  4 25,790 

1897 — Bazil,  3 22,150 

1878 — Duke  of  Magenta,  3 35,295 

1879— Spendthrift,   3 23,425 

1880 — Luke    Blackburn,    3 46,975 

1881 — Hindoo,  3 49,160 

*  Winners   of   the    Realization    Stakes. 


1882— Pearl  Jennings,  3 $  28,850 

1883 — Miss  Woodford,  3 5M20 

1884— Wanda,  2 35,745 

1885— Wanda,    3 3»,38o 

1886— The  Bard,  3 42,827 

1887— Hanover,    3 89,825 

1888— Proctor    Knott,    2 69,780 

1889— Salvator,    3* 71,380 

1890 — Tournament,   3* 89,755 

1891 — His   Highness,   2 109,400 

1892 — Tammany,    3* ,  73,3IQ 


Between  this  and  the  present  writing,  "there  is  a  great  gulf  fixed"  for  during  the 
present  year  (and  the  season  not  yet  closed)  nine  horses  have  won  upwards  of  $40,000 
in  purses  and  stakes,  as  follows : 

NAME.  SIRE.  DAM.  AMOUNT   WON. 

Delhi,    3 Ben    Brush    Veva    $77,355-00 

Ort  Wells,  3 King  Eric   Tea's  Over   69,395.00 

Tanya    Meddler*    Handspun    58,635.00 

Stalwart     Meddler*    Melba    57,110.00 

Artful    Hamburg    Martha  II    , 53,975-OO 

Tradition    Goldfinch*    Reclare    43,698.00 

Broomstick    Ben   Brush    Elf*    40,120.00 

Colonial   Girl    Meddler    Springtide    48,635.00 

Beldame     Octagon    Bella  Donna   49,995.00 

*   Bred  in   England. 

This  gives  the  reader  some  accurate  idea  as  to  how  the  "Sport  of  Kings"  has 
progressed  in  America.  Of  course,  there  were  two  stakes  valued  at  over  $40,000 
to  the  winner — the  World's  Fair  Handicap  at  St.  Louis  and  the  Great  Republic  at 
Saratoga — that  are  not  to  be  renewed  next  year.  So  the  figures  at  the  close  of  1905, 
which  I  pray  I  may  be  permitted  to  see,  are  not  likely  to  be  so  large  as  those  of  the 
current  year.  Meddler's  showing  is  something  enormous,  having  three  winners  of 
over  $45,000.00,  a  result  attained  by  no  other  sire  in  the  turf  history  of  Amerioa. 
Outside  of  the  above  we  find  the  following  horses  that  have  won  over  $20,000.00  up 
to  September  20th : 


i it>  The  American   Thoroughbred 

NAME.  SIRE.  AMOUNT   WON. 

Highball   Ben  Strome* $33,990.00 

English  Lad   Requital    . .  .' 27,825,00 

Flyback    Requital    26.335.00 

Song  and  Wine Goldfinch*    24,105.00 

De   Reske    Lamplighter 26,820.00 

Hermis    Hermence*    31,725.00 

Dainty  Golden  Garter* 20,795.00 

Bryn   Mawr    Atheling*   20,020.00. 


*   Bred   in   England. 

With  nine  horses  that  have  won  $40,000  and  upwards  in  a  single  season,  and 
eight  more  that  have  won  over  $20,000,  the  season  of  1904  can  safely  be  set  down  as 
the  best  in  the  history  of  the  American  turf.  To  make  it  so  hereafter,  all  owners, 
rich  and  poor  alike,  must  be  held  accountable  for  the  running  of  their  horses ;  and 
the  discipline  of  each  track  should  be  made  equal  in  its  bearing  by  the  magisterial 
officers  selected  for  the  enforcement  thereof.  The  great  Admiral  Rous  once  declared 
that  "All  men  are  equal  on  the  turf — or  under  it,"  an  axiom  of  which  judges  aind 
stewards  should  never  lose  sight.  Justice  should  be  tempered  with  mercy  wherever 
the  attendant  circumstances  will  permit;  and  the  discipline  of  the  track  should  never 
be  so  rigid  as  to  border  upon  the  tyrannical.  In  fact,  the  motto  of  all  judges,  when 
entering  upon  their  official  duties  should  be,  "the  greatest  good  to  the  greatest  num- 
ber." If  they  will  only  remember  this,  racing  will  prosper  and  continue  to  prosper. 
But  the  rights  of  the  betters  must  be  protected  at  all  hazards.  As  long  ias  book- 
makers have  to  pay  $20  per  race  for  the  privilege  of  booking,  just  so  long  will  they 
have  a  "pull"  on  the  judge's  stand.  Once  cut  it  down  to  the  rates  paid  in  England 
and  Australia,  which  is  five  pounds  per  quarter,  and  the  stewards  will  take  no  notice 
of  them  or  their  claims. 

The  two  latest  importations  of  any  note  are  Marius  II  and  Solitaire,  two  horses 
brought  over  by  Mr.  H.  Eugene  Leigh,  of  Kentucky,  who  sold  them  to  Mr.  Adolph 
B.  Spreckels,  of  San  Francisco,  shortly  after  landing.  These  horses  were  both  good 
performers  and  superb  individuals,  imparting  their  great  quality  to  their  progeny  to 
such  an  extent  that  twenty  head  of  their  get  sold  in  New  York  in  September  for 
$26.000,  an  average  of  $1,300  each.  Two  of  the  get  of  Solitaire  sold  for  $5,000  each, 
which  was  a  tremendous  price,  to  my  idea.  They  were  the  get  of  a  horse  which,  how- 
ever good  he  may  have  been  on  the  turf,  was  wholly  untried  as  a  sire.  The  logical 
inference  is,  therefore,  that  they  sold  on  their  looks  and  on  their  breeding,  which  was  not 
to  be  surpassed  on  either  side.  After  ten  years  wasted  on  a  lot  of  worthless  Australian 
sires  that  had  "left  their  country  for  their  country's  good,'  Mr.  Spreckles  is  now  on 
the  high  road  to  success. 


The  American  Thoroughbred  117 


OUR     NATIVE     SIRES 


Of  all  native  stallions,  since  racing  in  America  was  first  founded,  Lexington  was 
easily  the  best.  He  headed  the  list  of  winning  sires  for  eleven  seasons,  as  against 
nine  for  St.  Simon  in  England  and  seven  each  for  Stockwell  and  Hermit.  No  other 
stallion  on  American  soil  ever  approached  this  record,  Sir  Archy  and  Glencoe  being 
next  to  him  with  five  seasons,  and  Leamington,  Glenelg  and  Hanover  each  four.  And 
in  1870,  when  Lexington  was  twenty  years  old,  he  had  to  the  credit  of  his  progeny 
more  money  than  Hanover  had  in  his  best  season,  with  Hanover  only  eleven  years 
old  and  the  public  money  to  be  won  worth  nearly  three  times  what  it  was  in  1870. 
I  do  not  think  that  Lexington  bred  as  much  class  as  did  Leamington,  for  it  is  very 
doubtful  if  he  ever  got  as  good  a  horse  as  Longfellow,  leaving  Enquirer  (who  dis- 
tanced Longfellow  the  only  time  they  ever  met)  and  Iroquois  (who  won  the  Derby, 
Prince  of  Wales'  Stakes  and  St.  Leger  in  England)  entirely  out  of  the  question. 
Lexington's  best  horse  was  Tom  Bowling  and,  at  two  miles,  I  believe  he  was  the  best 
colt  ever  foaled  in  America,  but  I  should  not  have  cared  to  start  him  against  Long- 
fellow (granting  they  had  been  contemporary,  which  they  were  not)  at  any  longer 
distance.  There  is  no  doubt  that  Longfellow  and  Harry  Bassett  ran  the  first  mile 
of  their  Cup  race  at  Saratoga  in  1:40;  and  some  watches  made  it  as  low  as  I  :^gVz, 
but  being  a  race  of  two  and  a  quarter  miles,  it  did  not  count  as  a  record.  Of  the  get 
of  Lexington  I  place  Tom  Bowling,  Harry  Bassett,  Duke  of  Magenta,  Kingfisher, 
Norfolk,  Wanderer  and  Asteroid  in  the  order  named.  It  is  exceedingly  to  be  re- 
gretted that  Lexington  left  no  son  worthy  to  perpetuate  his  laurels.  Considered  as 
sires,  I  must  place  War  Dance  first,  Kingfisher  second,  Norfolk  third  and  close  behind 
them  Asteroid,  Pat  Malloy,  Jack  Malone  and  Wanderer.  Norfolk's  only  really  great 
performers  were  exclusively  the  offspring  of  one  mare,  Marian,  whose  produce  won 
over  $240,000  in  purses  and  stakes.  As  a  broodmare  sire,  Lexington  overtops  all  other 
horses  of  the  Century,  nearly  all  the  best  winners  by  six  different  imported  stallions — 
all  of  dissimilar  breeding,  such  as  Leamington,  Glenelg,  Bonnie  Scotland,  Billet, 
Buckden  and  Australian,  being  from  Lexington  mares.  I  hold  him  superior  to  Mel- 
bourne. Pantaloon,  Touchstone  and  Stockwell,  in  this  respect.  This  is  easily  explained 
by  the  fact  that  his  daughters  were  all  great  milkers  and  their  foals  were  all,  when 
weaned,  the  making  of  strong  and  upstanding  horses.  His  sons  have  all  done  well 
as  broodmare  sires ;  War  Dance,  Kingfisher  and  Norfolk  having  shown  exceptional 
excellence  in  this  respect.  There  is  this  always  to  be  said  about  Lexington :  while  he 
was  alive,  a  man  could  always  go  to  one  of  Mr.  Robert  Alexander's  sales  and  purchase 
ten  yearlings  with  the  certainty  that  at  least  three  of  them  would  turn  out  stake- 
horses,  barring  unforseen  accidents ;  and  that  is  something  not  true  of  any  other 
stallion,  native  or  imported,  with  the  ipossible  exception  of  St.  Blaise,  during  the  life- 
time of  the  elder  August  Belmont.  ^  After  his  death,  the  battle  began  to  waver  and 
the  English  Derby  winner  of  1883  went  down  to  undeserved  obscurity.  Lexington 
was  sixteen  when  he  got  Kingfisher;  seventeen  when  he  got  Harry  Bassett;  nineteen 
when  he  got  Tom  Bowling,  the  best  of  all  his  progeny ;  and  twenty-six  when  he  headed 
the  list  of  winning  sires  for  the  last  time,  for  he  died  in  that  same  year,  "Full  of  years 
and  full  of  honors." 

Leonatus,  by  Longfellow  out  of   Semper   Felix    (grand   dam   also   of  that   great 


n8  The  American   Thoroughbred 

performer,  Longstreet)  must  rank  about  even  with  The  Bard  among  the  sons  of  Long- 
fellow and  superior  to  all  the  others.  He  was  foaled  in  1880  and  won  the  Kentucky 
Derby  at  three  years  old,  with  Drake  Carter  and  Cardinal  McCloskey  as  the  two 
placed  horses  in  the  race.  He  lost  one  race  at  two  years  old,  but  was  never  beaten 
afterwards.  I  have  heard  people  say  he  never  won  a  really  fast  race,  which  is  true, 
but  he  beat  two  horses  that  were  afterwards  record-breakers,  notably  Drake  Carter, 
whose  three-mile  race,  in  5  -.24,  is  still  unbeaten.  The  truth  is,  he  carried  his  horses 
so  fast  in  the  fore  part  of  his  races,  that  he  left  them  nothing  with  which  to  finish. 
Leonatus  was  never  a  premier  sire,  but  always  a  prominent  one.  He  got  Libertine, 
whose  mile  on  a  circular  track  was  the  record  up  to  the  current  year,  when  Hermis 
lowered  it  to  i  :38  with  133  pounds  up.  He  also  got  Pink  Coat,  winner  of  two  Derbys. 
From  1893  to  1899  he  was  a  very  conspicuous  sire,  getting  an  average  of  $45,000  worth 
of  good  winners  every  year ;  and  it  was  a  fitting  end  for  so  great  a  horse  that,  on  the 
very  day  of  his  death,  his  son  Pink  Coat  won  the  American  Derby  at  Washington 
Park,  while  another  son,  Tillo,  carried  off  the  Suburban  Handicap  at  Coney  Island 
from  a  select  field  consisting  of  Bannockburn,  Warrenton  and  ten  other  good  ones. 
Leonatus  came  from  the  No.  12  family  to  which  trace  Lexington  and  Vandal. 

BRAMBLE,  by  Bonnie  Scotland  out  of  Ivy  Leaf  by  Australian,  from  Bayflower  by 
Lexington,  is  one  of  the  native  stallions  well  to  be  remembered,  because  he  not  only 
got  winners  but  sires  as  well,  his  son  Ben  Brush  being  already  accredited  with  the 
largest  amount  ever  placed  opposite  the  name  of  any  American  horse  of  his  age. 
Bramble  got  Prince  of  Melbourne,  winner  of  the  Brighton  Cup  and  Realization  Stakes ; 
Ben  Brush,  winner  of  the  Kentucky  and  Latonia  Derbys  at  three  and  the  Suburban 
Handicap  at  four ;  Lou  Bramble,  winner  of  the  Latonia  Oaks ;  and  Clifford,  winner 
of  a  score  of  great  races  and  already  prominent  as  a  sire;  and  in  addition  to  these 
had  always  to  his  credit  about  forty  thousand  dollars  at  the  close  of  each  and  every 
season.  Just  why  General  Jackson  ever  sold  him  and  retained  Luke  Blackburn,  is 
one  of  the  mysteries  I  have  never  yet  been  able  to  unravel. 

GRINSTEAD,  bay  horse  foaled  1871  and  gotten  by  Gilroy  out  of  Sister  to  Ruric  by 
imported  Sovereign,  was  one  of  the  best  sires  of  his  day,  and  to  my  way  of  think- 
ing, the  best  sire  that  ever  came  from  the  male  line  of  Lexington.  He  won  several 
good  races  at  three  years  old  and  was  sold  at  four  to  Mr.  Elias  J.  Baldwin,  of 
Santa  Anita,  in  Los  Angeles  County,  California.  He  was  a  marked  success  from  the 
first,  his  best  performers  being  from  daughters  of  Virgil  and  imported  Glenelg, 
selected  for  him  by  the  late  Lewis  R.  Martin.  Grinstead's  get  ran  well  everywhere 
but  seemed  to  have  a  lingering  love  for  the  Washington  Park  Course  near  Chicago. 
The  following  table  shows  the  number  of  stakes  won  by  his  get  in  ten  years,  be- 
ginning with  1885 : 

American  Derby*   2  Sheridan* I 

Drexel   Stakes*    2  Boulevard  Handicap*    2 

Gazelle    Stakest    ]  St.    Louis   Railway   Plate    i 

Hyde    Park*    I  Saratoga    Cup    I 

Hunter    Stakest    i  Louisville    Cup    I 

Kentucky    Stakes    2  Latonia  Grand  Prize I 

Ladies'    Stakes    i  Westchester  Handicap    i 

*  At   Chicago;   t  at   Coney  Island. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  the  progeny  of  Grinstead  ran  second  once  for  the 
American  Derby,  Clipsetta  Stakes  at  Cincinnati,  Drexel  Stakes,  twice  for  the  Hyde 
Park,  and  once  for  the  U.  S.  Hotel  Stakes  at  Saratoga.  His  daughters,  the  most  mag- 
nificent looking  herd  of  mares  I  ever  saw  in  a  single  ownership,  were  never  mated  with 
a  horse  that  was  their  equal.  His  sons,  Gano  and  Volante,  were  both  fairly  good  in 
the  stud,  Gano  being  the  sire  of  Argentina,  Wrheel  of  Fortune  and  Gladiola;  and 
there  are  but  few  stallions  that  get  three  such  good  fillies  as  they  were.  He  also  got 


'•The  American   Thoroughbred 

Galindo,  a  grey  colt  that  won  one  of  the  big  handicaps  at  Jerome  Park  twice.  Ga- 
lindo  was  out  of  Freda  by  Wildidle  from  Frolic  by  Thunder  (brother  to  Lightning  and 
Lancaster)  from  imported  Siskin  by  Muscovite,  thus  uniting  the  blood  of  Lexington 
and  Vandal's  dam  with  two  very  strong  crosses  of  Blacklock,  through  Tranby  and 
Brutandorf.  Volante  won  thirty-six  races  in  all  and  generally  in  good  company ;  and 
got  the  dam  of  that  great  horse,  The  Picket,  who  won  the  American  Derby  of  1903. 

SALVATOR  has  done  fairly  well  only  when  we  consider  how  he  was  favored  at  the 
Rancho  del  Paso,  where  he  stood  until  1902.  He  got  the  cream  of  the  matrons  at  that 
farm,  to  the  neglect  of  all  others  save  Sir  Modred ;  and  still  his  son's  win,  in  the 
Futurity  of  1903,  was  about  the  only  thing  to  call  any  marked  degree  of  attention  to 
him.  1  have  heard  men  say  he  was  not  bred  right  for  a  sire,  but  that  is  the  sheerest 
of  rot.  Salvator  came  from  a  No.  12  mare,  his  female  tail-line  being  that  of  Lexing- 
ton, Vandal,  Luke  Blackburn,  Strathmore,  Grinstead,  Ornament  and  a  dozen  other 
sires  of  over-average  merit.  I  saw  Salvator  at  the  Rancho  del  Paso,  just  after  he 
had  come  out  of  training.  He  was  in  fairly  good  flesh  but  not  so  fat  as  to  obliterate 
his  magnificent  conformation,  and  I  may  have  seen  a  more  perfectly  formed  horse 
but  cannot  remember  where. 

TENNY,  by  imported  Rayon  d'Or,  out  of  Belle  of  Maywood,  won  the  Brooklyn 
Handicap  of  1891  with  the  top-weight.  As  a  sire  he  was  good  but  not  great.  Taking 
him  as  the  trial  horse  between  Salvator  and  Longstreet,  I  am  compelled  to  pronounce 
the  latter  the  better  performer  as  he  beat  Tenny  always  from  two  to  three  lengths, 
whereas  Salvator  had  all  he  could  do  to  beat  Tenny  a  neck.  Moreover,  Longstreet 
won  thirty  races  in  all,  winning  more  of  them  at  five  years  old  than  Salvator  ever 
won  in  his  whole  career.  That  settled  it,  to  my  notion. 

INSPECTOR  B.  I  cannot  compare  with  Falsetto  as  the  representative  son  of  En- 
quirer, but  you  cannot  wholly  ignore  a  horse  that  gets  two  such  performers  as  (jeorgc 
F.  Smith  and  Endurance  by  Right.  I  have  seen  but  few  stallions  I  liked  better  than 
Inspector  B,  who  was,  after  Hanover  and  Hindoo,  as  good  a  horse  as  ever  wore  the 
Dwyer  colors.  He  always  reminded  me  of  that  magnificent  horse,  Tirailleur,  by 
Musket  out  of  imported  Florence  Macarthy  by  Macaroni,  that  was  killed  in  a  bumping 
match  over  the  Melbourne  Cup  of  1892.  I  had  an  option  on  him  at  $15,000  for  a  gen- 
tleman of  San  Francisco,  to  be  delivered  after  that  race ;  and  I  think  now  they  are 
sorry  they  did  not  scratch  him  before  the  race.  A  comparatively  worthless  gelding  ran 
into  him,  knocking  him  to  his  knees;  and  when  he  got  up,  his  foreleg  was  found  to  be 
broken,  so  that  the  intervention  of  the  "friendly  bullet"  became  a  necessity. 

JIM  GORE  is  not  to  be  overlooked,  either,  for,  while  he  does  not  compare  with 
Hanover  as  a  sire,  he  is  the  next  best  son  of  Hindoo  and  was  really  preferable  to  Han- 
over on  the  score  of  getting  a  sounder  and  better  class  of  horses.  Jim  Gore  was  on 
the  Barcaldine  order  of  architecture,  a  big  horse  on  short  legs.  He  belonged  to  my 
good  friend,  Col.  W.  S.  Barnes,  of  the  Melbourne  Stud,  for  whose  recent  misfortunes 
no  sincere  man  could  help  feeling  the  very  deepest  of  sympathy.  I  don't  know  who 
owns  him  now. 

MACDUFF,  by  imported  Macaroon  out  of  Jersey  Lass  by  imported  King  Ernest, 
was  clearly  one  of  the  neglected  sires  of  the  past  fifteen  years.  He  got  a  Kentucky 
Derby  winner  in  Macbeth,  who  won  it  in  1887  and  was  19  years  old  when  he  got  that 
speed  marvel  McChesney,  one  of  the  five  greatest  handicap  horses  of  the  past  decade. 
Suppose  John  McGurk  did  beat  him  in  the  Great  Western  Handicap?  You  could 
handicap  Ormonde  till  a  donkey  could  run  over  him  and  kill  him.  Now  that  our 
horses  are  becoming  nearly  as  badly  inbred  to  Eclipse  as  are  those  of  England,  the 
need  of  as  good  a  Herod  horse  as  Macduff  is  very  apparent  to  me.  He  came  from  the 
line  of  Partisan. 

FALSETTO,  a  great  race-horse  and  quite  as  noted  as  a  sire,  is  one  of  the  best  of  the 
second  generation  of  the  Leamingtons.  He  was  bred  by  the  late  Hunt  Reynolds,  near 


120  'The  American  thoroughbred 

Frankfort ;  and  was  by  Enquirer  out  of  Farfaletta  by  imported  Australian,  from  Elk- 
horna  by  Lexington,  from  Glencona,  the  next  dam  being  by  Imported  Envoy,  a  son 
of  Memnon,  who  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1825.  Falsetto  ran  second  to  Lord  Murphy  in 
the  Kentucky  Derby  and  won  nearly  every  other  event  for  which  he  started,  beating 
the  great  Spendthrift  in  both  the  Travers  and  Kenner  Stakes  at  Saratoga,  as  easily 
as  Spendthrift  beat  everything  else.  On  his  retirement  to  the  stud  Falsetto  showed 
such  evident  power  as  a  sire  that  Robert  Alexander  bought  him  of  Pierre  Lorillard 
for  the  then  famous  Woodburn  stud,  now  gone  out  of  existence.  Falsetto  got  Dew 
Drop,  the  best  filly  of  her  day,  for  whom  the  Dwyers  paid  the  then  enormous  price 
of  $29,000  at  auction.  He  goes  down  to  history  as  the  sire  of  Chant  and  The  Picket, 
winners  of  the  Kentucky  Derby,  getting  the  latter  horse  at  24  years  of  age ;  Patron, 
winner  of  the  Belmont  Stakes  and  the  Brooklyn  Derby;  and  Counter  Tenor  and 
Kenwood,  winners  of  the  Carlton  Stakes  at  Gravesend;  Gallifet,  winner  of  the  Clark 
Stakes  at  Louisville ;  Jennie  T,  winner  of  the  Clipsetta  at  Latonia ;  Miss  Dixie,  winner 
of  the  Kentucky  Oaks ;  Fordham,  winner  of  the  Nursery  at  Jerome  Park  and  sold 
to  Germany  for  $20,000;  Bright  Phoebus,  winner  of  the  Realization  of  1895;  Port- 
chester,  winner  of  the  Tidal  Stakes  at  Coney  Island,  and  Bob  L,  winner  of  the  Tobacco 
Stakes  at  Latonia.  Few  horses  get  as  many  stake-winners  as  did  the  old  white-faced 
brown  horse  that  died  at  Louisville  last  August. 

ONONDAGA,  brother  to  Stratford  and  Sensation,  got  many  good  winners,  having 
to  his  credit  the  winners  of  no  less  than  169  races  in  1892,  his  get  being  also  161  times 
second  and  153  times  third.  Iroquois  was  premier  in  that  year  with  $179,477  to  his 
credit,  but  he  did  not  make  any  such  showing  as  Onondaga  in  the  matter  of  races 
won,  but  Onondaga  had  $107,082  to  his  credit  in  money  in  that  year,  being  fifth  on  the 
list.  His  daughters  have  outbred  those  of  any  other  son  of  Leamington,  barring 
Enquirer  and  Longfellow. 

SENSATION  was  never  the  equal  of  Onondaga  and  never  got  anything  but  selling 
platers  till  Mr.  Lorillard  sent  a  lot  of  his  youngsters  to  England  to  be  trained.  In  the 
season  of  1897,  Sensation  had  in  England  the  winners  of  £7,345 ;  and  in  1889,  chiefly 
through  the  victories  of  Democrat,  and  Doninie,  he  was  second  on  the  list  of  winning 
sires  to  Orme,  having  the  winners  of  £12,096.  In  that  year  Orme  had  to  his  credit 
£32,938,  of  which  £23,175  was  contributed  by  Flying  Fox,  now  owned  in  France. 
Sensation  got  the  dam  of  Jean  Beraud,  the  best  American  three-year-old  of  1898,  while 
others  of  his  daughters  have  bred  well  but  not  equal  to  those  of  Onondaga. 

HIMYAR,  for  one  season,  beat  all  native  American  sires  and  imported  ones  as 
well,  having  to  his  credit,  in  1893,  the  enormous  sum  of  $246,382,  of  which  $171,730 
was  won  by  Domino  and  $10,995  by  Domino's  full  sister,  Correction.  This  was  a  larger 
.sum  than  had  been  won  by  the  get  of  any  other  sire  on  earth,  barring  StockwelL 
Hermit  never  equalled  it,  nor  did  St.  Simon  until  1890  when  Diamond  Jubilee  carried 
off  "the  triple  crown."  But  if  you  will  add  to  what  his  get  won  in  the  United  States, 
what  the  get  of  Sir  Dixon  won  in  England  and  France  in  1901,  you  will  find  Sir  Dixon 
considerably  ahead  of  Himyar.  However  that  may  be,  Himyar  stands  considerably 
in  front  of  St.  Blaise,  Iroquois  and  Longfellow,  they  being  the  only  others  to  get' 
winners  of  over  $180,000  in  America  for  any  given  season.  Himyar  comes  from  the 
No.  2  family,  which  produced  Voltigeur,  Harkaway  and  the  ineffaceable  Blacklock; 
and  his  male  line,  through  Alarm  (American),  Eclipse  and  Orlando,  ranks  second 
only  to  those  of  Sultan  and  Partisan,  being  a  long  way  the  speediest  of  all  the 
Touchstone  blood.  If  you  doubt  it,  read  the  two-year-old  races  won  by  the  progeny 
of  Orlando.  In  1897  Major  B.  G.  Thomas,  who  bred  and  owned  Himyar,  got  into 
trouble  through  endorsements  of  notes  for  some  personal  friends  and  was  obliged  to 
sell  his  horses.  The  late  Mr.  Edward  S.  Gardner,  of  Nashville,  wrote  to  me  to  ask 
what  he  ought  to  bid  on  them;  and  I  replied  "Himyar  $2,500  and  Mazetto  $5,000." 


The  American   Thoroughbred  121 

He  got  his  money  back  long  ago  and  the  grand  old  son  of  Alarm  is  still  alive  though 
nearly  thirty  years  old. 

EOLUS,  by  imported  Leamington,  was  called  "the  bull-dog  of  the  turf"  while  he 
was  racing.  He  was  a  small  horse,  but  then  he  was  out  of  a  very  small  mare,  Fanny 
Washington,  also  dam  of  Scathelock,  by  Eclipse.  Eolus  had  to  his  credit  the  fastest 
third  heat  of  two  miles  ever  run  in  America,  he  being  compelled  to  run  eight  miles 
in  all  to  win  the  race.  He  did  not  get  so  many  winners  nor  so  much  money  won 
as  did  Enquirer,  Longfellow,  Onondaga  or  Iroquois,  but  he  bred  quite  as  much  cla,ss 
as  any  of  them,  for  neither  of  them  ever  got  so  good  a  horse  at  two  or  three  as  was 
Eolus'  son  Morello.  Nor  in  my  belief  did  any  one  of  the  above  quartette  ever  get 
two  such  four-year-olds  as  Eole  and  his  brother,  St.  Saviour.  They  certainly  did  not 
from  any  one  mare.  Eole  was  sent  to  England  to  run  for  the  Ascot  Gold  Cup  and 
horsemen  of  intelligence,  like  "Eph"  Snediker,  do  not  send  horses  three  thousand 
miles  across  the  ocean  without  knowing  what  they  can  do.  Knight  of  Ellerslie,  by 
Eolus-Lizzie  Hazelwood,  is  the  only  one  of  his  sons  that  has  achieved  much  at  the 
stud;  and  his  only  really  notable  winner  was  that  beautiful  little  chestnut,  Henry  of 
Navarre,  who  was  not,  unfortunately,  entered  in  any  stake  races  of  importance  at 
two  years  old,  but  made  his  mark  at  three  and  five,  winning  the  Suburban  cleverly 
at  the  latter  age.  He  has  not  been  much  of  a  success  in  the  stud  as  yet,  but  there 
are  certainly  good  chances  ahead  of  him. 

The  reader  will  think  I  have  overlooked  Ben  Brush  if  I  do  not  mention  him  right; 
here  and  now.  That  a  horse  eleven  years  old  should  have  $150,000  to  his  credit  in 
his  third  year  on  the  Winning  Sires'  list,  is  something  remarkable.  The  only  stallion 
ahead  of  him  in  1904  is  the  imported  horse  Meddler  and  he  only  beats  him  through 
his  daughter  Colonial  Girl,  having  won  the  St.  Louis  Handicap.  Had  the  day  been 
fine  and  tihe  track  fast,  Hermis  would  have  won  beyond  all  shadow  of  a  doubt;  and 
that  would  have  given  Hermence  the  credit  of  first  money  while  Ben  Brush  would 
have  retained  the  lead  among  sires.  Mr.  Keene  told  me  he  bought  Ben  Brush  to  win 
the  Suburban  with  him  and  did  so.  He  certainly  found  him  a  very  valuable  purchase 
after  his  racing  days  were  ended.  Since  the  above  was  written  a  sale  has  been  held 
in  New  York,  at  which  Meddler  was  sold  for  $ 55,000  and  Hamburg  for  $70,000;  and 
at  the  same  sale  Mr.  Keene  paid  $14,000  each  for  two  imported  mares  to  breed 
to  Ben  Brush. 

HAMBURG,  for  which  Mr.  Whitney  paid  $60,000  at  the  dispersal  sale  of  Marcus 
Daly's  horses,  sold  for  an  advance  of  $10,000  on  that  figure,  last  Monday  night  (October 
loth)  in  New  York,  Mr.  James  R.  Keene  having  bid*  $60,000  for  him.  This  is  the 
highest  price  ever  paid  for  any  horse,  mare  or  gelding,  bred  in  America.  Hamburg 
comes  from  a  great  performing  family  but  it  was  no  great  sire  family  until  he  and 
Domino  came  along.  But  since  Domino  got  a  winner  of  the  English  Oaks  and  a 
horse  that  won  $12,500  in  second  and  third  moneys  before  he  won  a  race ;  and  since 
Hamburg  has  gotten  two  winners  of  the  Futurity  Stakes  in  consecutive  years,  in 
addition  to  one  of  them  having  won  the  Brighton  Oaks  at  three,  this  No.  23  family 
can  be  set  down  safely  as  a  sire  family,  so  far  as  America  is  concerned,  at  least.  We 
are  not  likely  to  find  a  much  better  one  for  some  time.  From  this  family  also  came 
Lecompte,  by  Boston  out  of  Reel  (of  which  great  mare  Hamburg  has  two  crosses)  by 
Glencoe.  And  Lecompte  was  the  sire  of  Umpire,  who  won  eighteen  good  races  in 
England,  in  the  colors  of  Mr.  Richard  Ten  Broeck,  now  some  twelve  years  dead. 

KINGSTON,  by  Spendthrift,  out  of  Kapanga  (imported)  by  Victorious,  must  be 
considered  as  one  of  the  first  of  American  horses  whether  as  a  turf  horse  or  a  sire, 
for  he  has  been  one  of  the  first  ten  on  the  list  ever  since  his  get  came  on  the  'turf; 
and  in  1900  he  was  premier  sire  of  America  with  $116,368  written  apposite  his  name. 
In  1887  he  made  his  first  appearance  at  the  New  York  tracks  and  Frank  McCabe,  who 
trained  for  the  Dwyer  Bros.,  persuaded  those  gentlemen  to  buy  him,  for  fear  he  might 


122  The  American   Thoroughbred 

beat  the  great  Hanover,  then  the  best  of  American  three-year-olds.  They  acted  on 
his  advice  and  bought  him,  after  which  he  proved  a  veritable  gold  mine  to  them.  He 
started  in  132  races,  of  which  he  won  87,  being  30  times  second,  10  times  third  and  5 
times  unplaced.  He  campaigned  for  nine  seasons,  his  total  winnings  in  purses  and 
stakes  being  $114,757;  and  in  his  first  seven  seasons  he  was  outside  the  money  just 
once !  He  covered  a  mile  and  a  quarter  in  2  :o6j/2  with  122  Ibs.  and  in  2  '.07^2  with  126 
Ibs;  a  mile  and  three-sixteenths  in  2:00^4  with  102  Ibs.  at  three  years  old;  the  Futurity 
course  (170  feet  short  of  six  furlongs)  with  139  Ibs.  in  1:08;  and  seven  furlongs  in 
i  -.26  with  126  Ibs.  up. 

If  this  does  not  show  him  to  have  been  a  first-class  racehorse,  I  do  not  know  the 
meaning  of  that  term.  His  largest  winnings  were  at  seven  years  old  $20,655,  but  he 
got  as  his  share  over  $15,000  in  four  other  years.  He  stood  his  first  season  at 
McGrathiana,  but  was  subsequently  sold  for  $10,000  to  James  R.  Keene,  Esq.,  at 
whose  Castleton  farm  he  still  remains,  in  charge  of  that  past-master  in  the  art  of 
mating  mares,  Major  Foxhall  Daingerfield.  He  got  Ballyhoo  Bey,  winner  of  the 
Futurity  in  igop ;  King's  Courier,  winner  of  the  Doncaster  Cup  and  several  other 
good  races  in  England ;  and  many  other  horses  of  undeniable  class.  That  he  is  the 
best  American-bred  horse  of  Matchem's  male  line,  goes  without  saying.  In  color  he 
is  a  dark  brown  with  tan  nose  and  flanks,  standing  about  155/2  hands  high,  but  with 
back  and  loins  strong  enough  for  an  elephant.  His  girth,  now  that  he  is  in  the 
high  flesh  usual  among  covering  stallions,  cannot  be  much  less  than  6  feet,  8  inches. 
He  measures  8j4  inches  under  the  knees,  which  accounts  satisfactorily  for  his  great 
durability  as  a  campaign  horse.  His  possibilities  as  a  sire  might  be  increased,  were 
it  not  for  the  fact  that  all  the  stallions  at  Castleton  are  kept  exclusively  for  the 
owner's  use. 

ORNAMENT,  by  imported  Order,  has  strongly  and  surely  worked  his  way  to  the 
front.  He  is  but  eleven  years  old  and  has  already  made  a  mark  for  himself  as  a 
worthy  exponent  of  Stockwell's  male  line.  He  won  three  Derbys  and  a  capital  race 
for  the  Brooklyn  Handicap,  run  in  the  mud  in  2:10,  beating  Ben  Holladay,  5  years,  121 
pounds;  Sly. Fox,  3,  92;  Tillo,  4,  118;  Don  de  Oro,  4,  113;  Senper  Ego,  5,  107;  Ogden, 
4,  109,  and  On  Deck,  4,  119.  Ornament  was  fifth  at  the  half-mile  and  second  to  Sly 
Fox  at  the  head  of  the  stretch,  so  it  will  be  seen  that  he  won  purely  on  his  gameness. 
The  race  was  worth  $7,800.  When  we  consider  that  Ben  Holladay  was  considered  the 
best  long-distance  horse  between  1895  and  1900,  the  fact  that  Ornament  gave  him  a  year 
and  six  pounds  is  something  to  cause  careful  men  to  put  on  their  studying-caps.  And 
yet  the  obstinate  fact  still  remains  that  Ornament  was  by  a  maiden  and  out  of  a  maiden. 
Was  it  because  they  were  raced  too  much  that  Rataplan,  Lanercost,  Charles  XII  and 
Vedette,  never  headed  the  list  of  sires  in  England ;  or  that  neither  Hindoo,  Salvator  nor 
The  Bard  ever  topped  the  ranks  in  America?  I  believe  that  every  stallion  should 
either  be  emasculated  or  withdrawn  from  the  turf  at  the  end  of  five  years. 

KILMARNOCK  is  the  horse  to  whom  the  breeding  public  naturally  looks  as  the 
most  fitting  successor  to  Sir  Dixon.  Being  out  of  Miss  Used  by  The  111  Used,  from 
Madcap  by  Matador,  from  Fen  Follet  (dam  of  St.  Florian  by  Kingfisher)  the  student 
of  breeding  could  ask  for  no  happier  combination  of  speed  with  great  staying  power. 
He  won  the  Alexandra  Plate  (3  miles)  at  Royal  Ascot  in  June,  1901,  and  in  October 
of  that  year  crossed  the  Channel  to  win  the  Prix  de  Conseil  Municipale  at  Longchamps, 
which  he  did  with  140  pounds  on  him  and  had  something  to  spare.  This  horse  is  one 
of  the  No.  19  family,  from  which  we  derive  Vedette,  Isonomy,  Lowlander,  King  Lud 
and  Fernandez  in  England ;  and  Lissak,  Thunderstorm,  Midlothian  and  Woodlands  in 
America.  There  is  no  better  blood  than  this  for  Vedette  got  the  great  Galopin,  sire  of 
St.  Simon ;  and  Isonomy  is  the  only  stallion  in  history  to  get  two  winners  of  England's 
triple  crown.  It  is  hard  to  find  the  speed  and  staying  lines  better  balanced  in  any 
horse  than  they  are  in  Kilmarnock. 


'The  American   Thoroughbred 


123 


I  give  here  a  list  of  some  stallions  who  were  not  premiers  in  the  two  years  given 
below,  yet  were  so  meritorious  as  to  demand  a  formal  recognition  as  sires  for  the 
years  1895  and  1896,  they  being  the  sires  of  $15,000  upwards. 


1895. 

NAME.  AMOUNT. 

Apache    $  15,810 

Bishop    20,170 

Blazes    18,175 

Bramble    46,542 

Brutus    3S,28o 

Buchanan    51,290 

Cheviot    44,070 

Darebin 30,415 

Deceiver    24,575 

Duke  of  Montrose  25,750 

Emp.  of  Norfolk  34,56o 

Falsetto     70,767 

Farandole     15,585 

Faustus    24,490 

Flambeau    17,4*5 

Fonso  44,675 

George  Kinney   18,975 

Harry  O'Fallon 28,900 

Himyar    51,9*5 

Hindoo    47,250 

Hyder  AH    15,688 

Inspectator  B    15,050 

Iroquois     24,805 

Jils  Johnson 18,235 

Joe  Hooker   21,530 

K't  of  Ellerslie  17,500 

Leonatus   40,9*5 

Linden   22,975 

Lisbon    31,447 

Longfellow  22,308 

Luke  Blackburn   17,290 

Macduff    19,315 

Mariner  23,630 

Midlothian    30,040 

Mr.   Pickwick    21,485 

Onondaga   23,795 

Pirate  of  Penzance  17,255 

Rayon  d'Or  25,675 

Rossington    18,222 

Sensation    35>235 

Sir  Dixon  25,435 

Sir  Modred   64,435 

Spendthrift  47,390 

Springbok  16,650 

St.    Blaise    35,4»2 

Strathmore  45,445 

The  Bard   i«-435 

Tremont    I7,7O5 

Wagner 24,030 


1896. 

NAME.  AMOUNT. 

Belvidere    $  25,585 

Bishop     16,346 

Blazes    22,897 

Bramble    66,772 

Brutus     26,752 

Buchanan    5°>458 

Cheviot    22,127 

Darebin     21,140 

Deceiver    25,016 

Duke  of  Montrose    18,512 

Wildidle    20,265 

Woodlands  15,5^ 

Emperor  of  Norfolk    18,832 

Falsetto     44,907 

Farandole     15,342 

Faustus     21,072 

Fonso     64,957 

Fordham     17,810 

Friar's  Balsam   3I»I45 

Gano    21,490 

George    Kinney    • I4,295 

Himyar    33,745 

Hindoo    38,477 

Inspector    B    22,646 

Iroquois    54,463 

King   Eric    31,040 

Leonatus     34,289 

Linden     . .  ,, i8,350 

Longfellow 24,885 

Onondaga     20,729 

Order     35,950 

Pirate   of   Penzance    40,034 

Prince    Royal    17,020 

Rayon    d'Or    55,68o 

Rossington     27,895 

Salvator    38,070 

Sir   Dixon    41,208 

Sir    Modred    52,ooo 

Spendthrift    24,158 

Springbok     *5,432 

St.  Blaise 49,340 

Strathmore     52,353 

The    Bard    21,234 

Top    Gallant     18,015 

Tremont    20,463 

Wagner     33,75O 

Whistle    Jacket    17,672 

Woodlands                    15,840 


124  The  American   Thoroughbred 

In  1895  the  total  amount  of  moneys  won  by  the  get  of  all  stallions  in  America 
was  $3,085,523;  and  in  1896  it  had  risen  to  '$3,488,814-  Now  the  amount  of  public 
money  to  be  won,  cannot  be  far  from  $5,000,000  because  there  have  been  two  $50,000 
races — The  Great  Republic  at  Saratoga  and  the  World's  Fair  Handicap  at  St.  Louis — 
run  in  the  past  season,  whereas  in  1895-96,  the  Futurity  and  Realization  Stakes,  both 
run  at  Coney  Island,  were  the  only  two  races  in  America  with  a  value  exceeding  $25,000. 
Going  back  as  far  as  1893,  we  nnd  thirteen  stallions  in  that  year,  credited  with  over  $50,- 
ooo  each  won  by  their  get,  of  which  five  were  imported  and  eight  native  horses.  The 
showing  for  that  year  was  as  follows : 

Himyar*     (E) $246,382  Mr.  Pickwick   (E)    121,141 

Sir  Modred  (H)    160,197  Spendthrift    (M)     108,960 

Iroquois    (E)    137,875  St.  Blaise   (E)    100,375 

Fonso    (E)    88,480  Eolus   (E)    64,360 

Longfellow    (E)    $88,352  Rayon    d'Or    (E)    70.305 

Onondaga    (E)     86,917  Midlothian    (E)     52,240 

Harry  O'Fallon  (M)    86,580 

*  Indicates    premier    sire    for    that  year. 

As  will  be  seen  above,  that  list  shows  ten  from  the  male  line  of  Eclipse,  two 
from  that  of  Matchem  and  but  one  from  the  line  of  Herod.  Counting  them  under 
their  sires,  there  were  four  by  the  dead  hero  Leamington  and  two  by  imported  Austral- 
ian. Now,  then,  which  are  the  two  best  imported  sires,  after  Glencoe?  Surely  as 
daylight  follows  the  gray  dawn,  just  so  surely  does  Australian  follow  Leamington;  and 
it  was  from  daughters  of  this  self-same  Australian  that  Leamington  got  many  of  his 
best  winners,  notably  Iroquois  and  his  beautiful,  but  vicious,  brother  Harold.  Now 
we  will  go  back  two  years  behind  the  above  table  and  see  what  some  of  these  great 
stallions  achieved.  Where  blanks  occur  it  is  because  the  horse  named  fell  belcvv  the 
$50,000  mark  in  that  year : 

1891  1892 

Longfellow,  by  Leamington? $186,840*          $115.849 

St.  Blaise,  by  Hermitt   164,165  72,QI3 

111  Used,  by  Breadalbane  140,297  98,438 

Rayon  d'Or,  by  Flageolet* 97,275  79,836 

Iroquois,  by  Leamington 92,481  *I79,477 

Hindoo,   by    Virgil 89,099  90,377 

Sir   Modred,   by   Traducer  H 88,590 

Falsetto,  by  Enquirer   82,160 

Tremont  by  Virgil   53,53* 

Mr.   Pickwick,  by  Hermitt 112,699 

Spendthrift,  by   Australian 126,882 

Onondaga,  by  Leamington    107,072 

Eolus,  by  Leamington 93,o8g 

Miser,  by  Australian   57,49° 

Billet,  by  Voltigeur   61,405 

indicates  the  horse  was  premier  in  that  year.  tBred  in  England.  }Bred  in  France.  ^Bred 
in  New  Zealand. 

Sir  Modred  was  first,  both  in  moneys  and  in  the  number  of  races  won — two  hun- 
dred and  eleven — in  1894,  with  $127,400;  Hanover  was  first  in  the  four  seasons  that 
followed  with  $106.605,  $84,705,  $116,140  and  $H9,59O  respectively;  Albert,  imported,  led 
in  1899  with  $95,975;  Kingston  in  1900  with  $116,368;  Sir  Dixon  in  1901  with  $165,682, 
in  addition  to  over  $80,000  won  by  his  get  in  England  and  France;  Hastings  in  1902 
with  $111,855  and  Ben  Strome  in  1903  with  $105,250.  This  year  Meddler  is  already 


The  American  thoroughbred  125 

above  the  $200,000  mark  and  little  Ben  Brush,  who  is  second,  with  nothing  but  two  and 
three-year-olds  to  run  for  him,  has  already  over  $150,000  to  his  credit,  a  showing 
wholly  unprecedented  for  a  horse  of  his  age. 

The  following  figures  show  the  amounts  won  by  the  progeny  of  the  ten  leading 
stallions  in  America  from  igoi  to  1903,  both  years  inclusive : 

WINNING  SIRES  OF  1901. 

Sir    Dixon    $165,682  Albert    $55,938 

Hanover    163,243  Pt.  of  Penzance  53,909 

Meddler   93,795  The  Bard   53,443 

.Watercress    75,5*2  Candlemas    47>O49 

Esher    60,674  Brutus    45,5O5 

The  above  figures  apply  to  winnings  in  America  only.  If  we  add  in  amounts  won 
in  England  and  France,  Sir  Dixon's  amount  would  be  $206,926,  Hanover's  $184,005  and 
Watercress  $102,519. 

WINNING  SIRES  OF  1902. 

Hastings    $111,855  Ben  Strome  $  74,325 

Candlemas    97,250  Hanover    7I»34° 

Sir  Dixon  89,800  Handspring    70.570 

St.  George   81,535  Golden    Garter    68,627 

Lamplighter    78,120  Wadsworth    65,355 

WINNING  SIRES  OF  1903. 

Ben  Strome   $105,250  Mirthful    $  84,135 

Lamplighter   94,453  Hastings    83,022 

Star  Ruby    94,220  Hamburg    80,470 

Watercress    88,970  Pt.  of  Penzance  78,283 

Ben  Brush   84,145  Atheling    62,465 

It  will  be  seen  that  in  1901  Sir  Dixon  and  Hanover  each  had  to  their  credit  much 
larger  sums  than  the  premier  sires  of  the  next  two  years  after  them.  Hanover  had  no 
two-year-olds  to  run  for  him. 

Lexington  headed  the  list  for  eleven  seasons,  his  biggest  showing  being  in  1870 
when  he  had  $120,360  to  his  credit,  being  more  than  Hanover  had  in  his  best  year, 
with  racing  prizes  worth  nearly  three  times  what  they  were  in  Lexington's  time.  But 
the  reader  must  remember  that  Lexington  had  no  such  competition  as  had  Hanover.  He 
was  fortunate  in  the  fact  that  Leamington  stood  but  two  seasons  in  Kentucky  and  Bon- 
nie Scotland  only  one,  being  then  removed  into  Illinois  and  afterwards  into  Iowa.  Had 
they  remained  permanently  in  Kentucky,  the  premiership  of  America  might  have  been 
an  entirely  different  story. 

The  year  1904,  just  now  nearing  its  close,  has  been  a  great  one  for  wealthy  men 
who  have  gone  into  racing,  solely  from  a  love  of  the  sport.  At  the  close  of  October 
there  were  five  owners  whose  stables  had  won  over  $100,000  during  the  season.  These 
were  Messrs.  H.  B.  Duryea,  James  R.  Keene,  E.  R.  Thomas,  Sydney  Paget  and  New- 
ton Benmngton;  and  there  were  five  others  whose  stables  won  over  $80,000.  When  we 
consider  that  in  1903  the  late  Hon.  William  C.  Wrhitney  was  the  only  one  to  win  over 
$100,000  in  purses  and  stakes;  and  that  no  owner  reached  the  $100,000  mark  in  1902,  this 
showing  is  a  truly  great  one,  for  it  will  encourage  other  wealthy  men  to  go  into  the 
game  and  an  increase  in  the  prices  of  well-bred  horses  will  be  the  logical  issue  of  that 
movement.  It  is  clear  to  me  that  with  anything  like  proper  discipline  at  the  tracks, 
the  prices  of  yearlings  sent  to  the  auction  block  must  undergo  a  material  advance,  but 


126  'The  American   thoroughbred 

jobbers  must  be  punished  in  order  that  jobbery  may  be  made  odious.  I  have  no  fear 
but  that  the  magisterial  officers  selected  by  the  managers  of  the  tracks  about  New 
York  will  be  "men  who  their  duties  know  and,  knowing,  dare  maintain." 


OUR     GREAT    NATIVE     MARES 

The  late  Col.  Harry  Innes  Thornton — the  Bayard  sans  peur  et  sans  reproche  of  the 
California  turf,  and  myself  used  to  have  many  a  severe  argument  as  to  which  was  the 
greatest  of  all  American  broodmares.  He  stuck  out  dogmatically  for  Alice  Carneal, 
simply  because  she  produced  the  immortal  Lexington  and  the  great  Umpire,  to  whom 
I  have  -alluded  elsewhere.  With  all  the  esteem  for  him  that  I  bore  while  he  lived ;  and 
all  the  love  I  bear  his  memory  now  that  he  has  "crossed  the  river  to  rest  in  the  shade 
of  the  trees,"  I  must  still  differ  with  him.  My  choice  falls  upon  that  wonderful  ma- 
tron Levity,  for  even  if  the  gallant  little  Master  of  Resaca  were  alive,  it  is  plain  that 
the  founder  of  the  family  is  neither  Levity  nor  Alice  Carneal,  but  Lady  Grey,  by  Robin 
Grey,  foaled  1817  and  bred  by  Colonel  Robert  Sanders,  of  Scott  county,  whom  I  presume 
to  have  been  the  father  of  Colonel  Lewis  Sanders,  who  died  in  Sacramento  in  1859. 
Here  is  a  reversed  pedigree  that  will  make  your  back  teeth  water  and  it  is  quite  prob- 
able that  I  have  omitted  several  good  ones : 


The  American  'Thoroughbred 
LADY  GREY 


I27 


Rowena  1826 


Lucy  1821 


Dick    Chinn     Blacknose  1836     Lucilla  1834. 


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'The  American   'Thoroughbred 

I  think  the  foregoing  chart  makes  the  proposition  quite  plain  that  Alice  Carneal 
was  no  such  mare  as  Levity.  If  she  were,  why  does  her  line  not  produce  some  good, 
if  not  altogether  great,  sire  besides  Lexington?  Take  Levity's  line  and  you  find  such 
sires  as  Strathmore,  Salvator,  Volturno,  Luke  Blackburn  in  the  fourth  generation  and 
The  Bard  (sire  of  Gold  Heels)  in  the  fifth.  Abdel  Kader  is  the  best  sire  from  Alice 
Carneal,  after  Lexington;  and  he  got  just  one  good  horse,  Algerine,  whose  dam  was  the 
dam  also  of  three  such  performers  as  Planet,  Exchequer  and  Ninette.  Any  man  who 
studies  pedigrees  will  agree  with  me  that  the  merits  of  Levity  are  wide-spread  and  far- 
reaching,  while  those  of  Alice  Carneal  are  virtually  limited  to  one  sire  and  to  three 
performers — Lexington,  Umpire  and  Helmbold.  If  a  gentleman  were  to  commission 
me  to  select  mares  for  breeding  purposes  and  I  found  two  mares  of  equal  individuality, 
one  tracing  back  to  Levity  and  the  other  to  Alice  Carneal,  I  should  be  more  willing 
to  pay  $1,000  for  the  former  than  $600  for  the  latter.  Levity  bears  the  same  relation 
to  America  that  Prunella  does  to  England,  in  my  way  of  reasoning,  for  I  can  call  i;o 
mare  truly  great  whose  line  has  run  out  in  four  generations  as  badly  as  Alice  Carneal's 
has  done. 

A  mare  that  you  cannot  well  overlook  in  this  connection  is  the  Expedition  marc 
called  Maid  of  the  Oaks,  foaled  in  1817  and  dam  of  that  great  sire  Medoc,  who  was 
pretty  near  a  racehorse,  having  been  beaten  just  twice  in  nine  races.  Medoc  I  must 
rank  as  the  first  and  foremost  of  all  American  sires  between  Sir  Archy  and  Lexington. 
I  place  him  ahead  of  Boston  because  Boston  got  a  large  number  of  winners  from  the 
daughters  of  Medoc;  and  also  because  Medoc  got  first-class  performers  (for  that  day, 
at  least)  from  mares  that  produced  nothing  of  note  from  other  sires.  Take  the  great 
Wagner  who  beat  Grey  Eagle  in  the  big  four-mile  post  stake  of  1839  at  Louisville;  and 
what  would  Wagner  have  done  as  a  sire  without  the  Medoc  mares.  And  apropos  of 
Wagner  let  me  relate  a  race  which  took  place  in  1840;  and  I  reckon  that  Major  Barak 
G.  Thomas,  of  Lexington,  Ky.,  is  the  only  living  man  who  saw  that  race.  There  were 
four  starters,  Gamma  by  Pacific,  who  had  previously  beaten  Wagner  at  four-mile 
heats;  there  was  Wagner  himself,  carrying  118  pounds  to  the  mare's  115;  and  there 
were  two  Medoc  colts,  both  four  years  old  and  carrying  100  pounds — Red  Bill  and 
Blacknose,  the  latter  of  whom  will  be  found  in  the  reversed  pedigree  just  above  given. 
The  race  was  at  three-mile  heats,  of  which  Gamma  won  the  first,  Red  Bill  the  second, 
and  Blacknose  the  third  and  fourth,  Wagner  being  distanced  in  the  third  heat  and  the 
Tennessee  mare  in  the  second.  Next  txrSir  Archy  and  Lexington,  this  self-same  Me- 
doc clearly  outclasses  all  native  sires  between  1810  and  1860.  To  this  "Young  Maid  of 
the.  Oaks,"  as  she  is  called  in  the  stud  book,  trace  Commando,  Sensation,  Onondag-a, 
Potomac,  Chesapeake,  Glenmore,  Linden,  Eolian,  Tenny,  Ban  Fox,  King  Fox,  King 
Lee  and  Ajax,  thirteen  cracks  in  their  respective  years  and  five  of  them  above  the  aver- 
age as  sires. 

ARGENTILE,  foaled  1839  by  Bertrand,  from  Allegrante  by  Young  Truffle,  from  im- 
ported Phantomia.by  the  Derby  winner,  Phantom,  is  likewise  an  important  ancestress. 
To  her  trace  such  noted  long-distance  horses  as  Hubbard  (whose  record  for  2^4  miles, 
made  in  1874,  is  still  unbeaten),  Katie  Pease  (a  winner  of  over  $20,000  in  California 
alone),  Elkwood,  Jerome  Edger,  Judge  Curtis,  Idler,  Vestibule,  C.  H.  Todd,  Tormentor, 
London,  D'Artagnan,  Terra  Cotta,  Mattie  A.  Ringmaster  and  Lizzie  Dwyer,  all  above 
the  selling  plater  class  and  most  of  them  big  stake-winners  in  the  last  twenty-five  years. 

Miss  OBSTINATE,  foaled  1829  by  Sumpter,  out  of  Jenny  Slamerkin  by  Tiger,  is  an- 
other great  factor  in  American  breeding,  being  the  ancestress  of  such  great  mares  as 
Maiden,  Charlotte  Buford,  Eagless,  Ferida,  Aella,  Kathleen  and  Lizzie  Lucas,  and  such 
great  male  winners  as  Wild  Irishman,  Frankfort,  Parole,  Kingfish,  George  Kinney, 
Rhadamanthus,  Montana  Regent,  Poet  Scout,  Falsetto,  Morello,  Grey  Planet,  Steel 
Eyes,  Bulletin,  Kinsman  and  Report.  Several  of  these  were  first-class  sires,  especially 
Falsetto. 


The  American  'Thoroughbred  129 

MAGNOLIA,  foaled  1841,  was  bred  by  Dr.  W.  T.  Mercer  and  presented  to  Hon. 
Henry  Clay  of  Kentucky.  At  his  death  she  was  bequeathed  to  his  son,  John  ivl.  Clay, 
the  greatest  of  all  amateur  trainers.  From  her  are  descended  in  female  tail-line;  Iro- 
quois,  winner  of  the  English  Derby  and  St.  Leger  of  1881 ;  Jaconet,  SirDixon,  Belve- 
dere, Harold,  The  Pepper,  French  Park,  Incommode,  Day  Star,  Kaloolah,  Sly  Dance, 
Daniel  Boone,  Gilroy,  Kentucky  and  last,  but  not  least,  Sachem  who  ran  second  for  The 
Thousand  Guineas  in  England. 

From  imported  Gallopade  by  Catton  came  the  two  greatest  native  producing  mares 
prior  to  1860,  Reel  and  Fandango.  From  the  first  named  came  three  great  performers 
that  were  taken  to  England  by  Mr.  Richard  Ten  Broeck — Lecompte,  the  only  horse  that 
ever  beat  Lexington ;  Prioress,  winner  of  the  Cesarewitch  of  1857,  and  the  great  York- 
shire Handicap  of  1858 ;  and  Starke,  who  won  the  Goodwood  Stakes  and  Bentinck 
Memorial  of  1860  and  the  Goodwood  ,Cup  of  1861.  Prioress  had  two  full  sisters,  Ann 
Dunn  and  Fanny  Wells.  The  former  was  killed  in  a  race  at  New  Orleans,  but  Fanny 
Wells  was  the  granddam  of  Jils  Johnson  and  Banburg,  the  latter  a  winner  of  the 
Louisville  Cup.  From  Fandango  are  descended  such  fine  performers  as  Domino,  Cor- 
rection, Yankee,  Dr.  McBride,  Audrian,  Pessara,  Kirkman,  Glidelia,  Wellswood  and 
Geneva.  Another  full  sister  to  Reel  and  Fandango  was  Cotillion  by  Leviathan,  from 
whom  are  descended  such  great  performers  as  Gold  Heels,  Lucky  Dog,  Barnes,  Run- 
nymede,  Kildeer,  Goldsmith,  Los  Angeles,  Post  Guard,  Strathspey  and  that  good  sire 
O'Meara,  sire  of  Fanny  McAllister,  one  of  the  best  fillies  ever  bred  in  Tennessee.  She 
was  beaten  a  head  in  each  of  the  fastest  heats  of  two  miles  ever  run  in  Tennessee,  the 
winner  being  Jack  Malone.  After  her  retirement  she  produced  Muggins,  the  first 
four-year-old  to  win  the  Saratoga  Cup  with  108  pounds.  Muggins  got  Orphan  Girl, 
the  second  dam  of  Advance  Guard,  one  of  the  greatest  handicap  horses  that  has  ever 
run  in  America. 

I  give  place  here  to  three  mares  bred  in  England,  who  each  produced  a  sire  that 
left  a  very  definite  mark  on  American  breeding  since  1870. 

CALCUTTA,  b  m,  1853,  by  Flatcatcher,  out  of  Miss  Martin,  produced  as  follows : 

1857  b  c    Bivouac by  Voltigeur 

1858  b  f    Holdersky by  Hospodar 

1859  krc  Watch    Fire...  by  Voltigeur 

1860  b  f    Harriet  Watts... by  Hospodar 

1861  br  f  St.  Eulalie by  Voltigeur 

1862  b  c    Eastminster by  Newminster 

1863  br  c  General  Lee by  Weatherbit 

1864  br  f  Polly  Perkins. ..  .by  Voltigeur 

1865  brc  Billet by  Voltigeur    (Imp.   to  U.    S.   A.) 

UNNAMED  MARE,  foaled  1841  by  Pantaloon-Daphne  by  Laurel,  produced : 

1849  br  c  Prosperous by  Launcelot 

1850  brc  John  Bull by  Falstaff 

1852  ch  f  Myrtle by  Sweetheart 

1853  br  c  Leamington by  Faugh-a-Ballagh  (Imp.  to  U.  S.  A.) 

1854  br  c  Goldwater by  Sweetmeat 

1855  brc  Pretty  Pet by  Flatcatcher 

1856  br  c  Vault by  Vatican 

1858  br  c  Milverton by  Loup  Garou 

ELLERMIRE,  by  Chanticleer-Ellerdale  by  Lanercost,  produced: 

1859  b  f    St.  Agnes by  West  Australian 

1860  b  f    Stella by  West  Australian 

1861  b  c    Ellerby by  West  Australian 


'The  American  Thoroughbred 


1862  b  c  Elland     by  Rataplan 

1864  be  Bandmaster by  Kettledrum 

1865  be  Kettle  Holder by  Kettledrum 

1867  b  f  Ella by  Kettledrum 

1868  Lady  Dunsop....by  Kettledrum 

1870  be  The  111  Used by  Breadalbane    (Imp.   to   U.    S.    A.) 

1872  b  c  Epigram by  Blair  Athol 

I  consider  Epigram  a  great  sire.  He  got  Le  Grand,  the  only  horse  to  defeat  Mar- 
tini Henry  at  three  years  old. 

THE  VERY  LATEST. 

The  following  is  a  correct  statement  (for  which  I  am  indebted  to  the  Thorough- 
bred Record,  of  Lexington,  Ky.)  of  the  amounts  of  money  won  by  the  first  twenty 
stallions  on  the  list  of  winning  sires  in  America  for  this  year,  together  with  the 
amounts  accredited  to  the  largest  winners  in  their  respective  progeny,  up  to  and 
including  November  2,  1904 : 


STALLION'S  NAME.  AMOUNT. 

Meddler,    imp $216,325 

Ben  Brush  154,485 

Ben    Strome,   imp 112,344 

Hamburg    108,725 

Kingston 92,799 

Hastings    90,768 

Goldfinch,    imp 88,926 

Atheling,  imp   86,311 

King   Eric    78,952 

Sir  Dixon  71,811 

Octagon    66,705 

Gold   Garter,   imp 67,011 

Requital    65,100 

Lamplighter    63,743 

Esher,   imp.    (dead) 62,515 

Hermence,    imp 60,630 

Pt.  of  Penzance  59,756 

The  Commoner  5i>948 

Star  Ruby,  imp 50,273 

Ornament   48,334 


LARGEST   W-INNER. 


AMOUNT. 


Tanya    $58,635 

Delhi     77,355 

Highball    (dead)    33,990 

Artful    57,205 

Dolly   Spanker    24,080 

Glorifier    13,745 

Tradition    44,986 

Bryn  Mawr   19,220 

Ort   Wells    69,395 

Agile    12,702 

Beldame    49,995 

Dainty     23,565 

English   Lad   27,825 

De  Reske 29,885 

John  Smulski   8,995 

Hermis    31,725 

Miss    Inez    8,980 

Kurtzman     12,125 

Africander    19,085 

Sheriff  Bell   9,130 


In  1860,  when  Planet,  Congaree,  Daniel  Boone  and  Sigma  were  the  four  biggest 
winners  of  the  year,  Revenue  led  with  about  $29,000  in  round  numbers,  of  which  al- 
most the  entire  amount  was  contributed  by  Planet,  Exchequer  and  Fanny  Washington. 
In  1861  Lexington  was  first  and  the  California  stallion,  Williamson's  Belmont,  second, 
the  latter  solely  through  the  winning  of  one  horse,  the  evergreen  Dashaway,  who 
was  supposed  to  have  won  a  sweepstake  of  $10,000  at  Sacramento,  but  in  settlement 
of  which  his  owner,  Mr.  W.  A.  Grigsby,  was  obliged  to  take  a  lot  of  horses  worth 
less  than  $4,000.  I  never  had  any  use  for  Col.  E.  S.  Lathrop  (owner  of  Langford) 
after  that. 

An  amusing  feature  of  the  foregoing  list  is  the  interesting  fact  that  Ben  Strome, 
who  is  third  this  year  (not  yet  completed)  with  $112,344  to  his  credit,  has  $5,229 
more  than  he  had  at  the  close  of  1903,  when  he  was  premier  of  all  America.  I  don't 
think  that  any  increase  in  the  winnings  of  the  horses  above  named  will  make  any 


The  American  'Thoroughbred 

material  difference  in  the  general  result.  Hastings  passed  Goldfinch  about  a  week  ago, 
but  Goldfinch  has  plenty  of  horses  to  fight  for  him  in  the  next  six  weeks,  while  most 
of  the  Hastings  horses  trained  off  early  in  the  season  and  have  already  gone  into  winter 
quarters,  but  few  being  owned  outside  of  Mr.  Belmont's  stables. 

In  reviewing  the  above  list,  Ben  Brush,  with  nothing  older  than  four  years  to 
run  for  him,  makes  really  the  best  showing.  Of  the  amount  won  by  Meddler's  get 
$49,685  is  by  Columbia  Girl,  whose  victory  over  Hermis  was  merely  a  freak  of  the 
weather.  Take  that  off  Meddler  and  put  it  onto  Hermence,  and  the  great  lead  of  Med- 
dler would  hardly  be  worth  discussion.  For  the  number  he  has  had  to  run  for  him, 
seven  in  all,  Mr.  Belmont's  Octagon  makes  as  good  a  show  as  any  of  the  twenty  and 
he  is  eleventh  on  the  list.  The  next  two  years  will,  in  my  belief,  show  a  singular  re- 
versal of  some  of  these  figures. 


PART    V. 

The  French  Thoroughbred 


"Though  he's  over  three  hundred  yards  astern, 

Our  bets  are  not  yet  secure; 
Nor  ne'er  will  be  till  Regalia  beats 

The  long  stride  of  Gladiateur" 

DlXON. 


R 
ar  THE 

UNIVERSITY 


The  French  Thoroughbred 

From  1823  to  the  French  Jockey  Club 


To  say  just  when  racing  began  in  France  is  beyond  the  compass  of  so  moderate  a 
chronicler  of  sport  as  myself,  but  certain  it  is  that  they  had  races  on  a  small  scale  as 
early  as  1328,  under  the  reign  of  Charles  le  Bel.  All  their  racing,  however,  was  purely 
an  imitation  of  the  English  races  held  during  the  corresponding  period.  It  was  not 
until  1833  that  racing  in  France  assumed  a  definite  shape  through  the  formation  of  the 
association  known  in  its  certificate  of  incorporation  as  "La  Societe  d'Encouragement 
pour  1'Amelioration  des  Races  de  Chevaux  en  France,"  known  now  and  more  famil- 
iarly as  the  "French  Jockey  Club."  This  is,  by  long  odds,  the  most  exclusive  of  all 
clubs  in  France. 

This  seems  almost  paradoxical  when  we  reflect  that  England  had  been,  in  years 
gone  by,  very  largely  indebted  to  France  for  the  importation  of  four  very  valuable  stal- 
lions. These  were  the  St.  Victor  Barb,  the  famous  Curwen  Bay  Barb,  sire  of  Brock- 
elsby  Betty;  the  almost  equally  famous  Tholouse  Barb;  and  last,  but  far  from  least, 
the  Godolphin  Arabian,  whom  a  benevolent  English  Quaker  found  working  in  the 
shafts  of  a  cart  in  Paris  and  rescued  from  a  brutal  master  by  purchasing  him  and  send- 
ing him  over  to  England  to  his  friend,  Mr.  Coke,  who  sold  him  to  Lord  Godolphin, 
whence  he,  "Zenada,"  in  Arabian  acquired  the  name  of  which  he  is  now  known 
through  the  brilliant  pens  of  Mons.  Eugene  Sue,  of  France;  Sir  Edward  Bulwer  Lytton, 
of  England ;  and  Mr.  George  Wilkes,  in  America. 

It  does  seem,  however,  that  an  earlier  attempt  was  made,  during  the  reign  of  Louis 
Quatorze,  by  Colbert,  who  was  that  monarch's  prime  minister,  to  provide  France  with 
a  higher  type  of  horses,  but  that  monarch's  administration  paid  no  attention  to  racing 
but  contented  itself  with  the  importation  of  Oriental  horses,  probably  in  contemplation 
of  improving  the  cavalry  mounts  of  the  royal  armies  of  France.  It  was  merely  to 
place  the  services  of  these  Eastern  stallions  within  reach  of  people  having  but  moderate 
means,  that  such  importations  were"  made.  Nor  was  it  till  long  after  the  decadence  of 
the  First  Empire  and  the  Second  Restoration  that  the  royal  stud  at  Mendon  was  estab- 
lished by  The  Dauphin  (son  of  Charles  X)  with  the  Duke  of  Guiche  as  Master  of  the 
Horse ;  with  an  English  trainer  named  Corringham  as  superintendent  of  the  concern ; 
and  with  Rowlston,  son  of  Camillus  and  he  by  the  St.  Leger  (of  1795)  winner  Hamble- 
tonian,  as  chief  factor  in  the  stud.  This  was  in  1827.  But  there  had  been  more  or 
less  racing  during  the  First  Empire,  say  from  1806  till  1811,  without  anything  that  could 
tend  towards  France  becoming  a  great  horse-producing  nation.  It  was  not  till  1832 
that  Louis  Phillipe  promulgated  an  ordinance  providing  for  the  registration  of  the 
Thoroughbred  Horse,  called  "pur  sang"  in  the  French  language.  And  in  the  follow- 
ing year  the  "French  Jockey  Club,"  above  referred  to,  was  permanently  established. 

"Le  Grand  Monarque"  was  so  fond  of  sport,  however,  that  he  allowed  the  Honor- 
able Bernard  Howard,  a  younger  brother  of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  and  a  member  of 
Charles  the  Second's  "Kitchen  Cabinet,"  the  privilege  of  driving  into  the  sacred  pre- 


'The  American   Thoroughbred 

cincts  of  the  Louvre  Palace  on  the  Rue  Rivoli ;  a  favor  hitherto  granted  only  to  princes 
of  the  blood  royal  and  a  few  court  favorites.  By  the  way,  we  find  in  the  memoirs  of 
the  Marquis  des  Fourches,  a  description  of  a  race  which  took  place  in  1685,  during  the 
reign  of  Louis  XIV,  which  was  worthy  of  the  palmy  days  of  Guttenberg,  N.  J.  In 
1785,  during  the  reign  of  Louis  XVI,  and  only  a  few  days  before  that  monarch  was 
dragged  from  his  bedroom  at  Versailles  and  hurried  off  to  the  guillotine  on  the  Place  de 
la  Concorde,  there  were  races  at  Vincennes  and  Fontainbleau,  the  participants  in  which 
were  the  Comte  1'Artois,  afterward  Charles  X  •  the  Duke  de  Chartres,  afterwards  Duke 
of  Orleans;  the  Marquis  de  Conflans;  the  Duke  de  Lauzan;  and  the  Duke  de  Fitz- 
james;  and  some  of  these  notables  even  ran  horses  in  England.  The  Duke  de  Chartres 
(then  known  as  "Philippe  Egalite")  ran  Cantator  in  the  Derby  of  1784  and  had  Con- 
queror, Lambinos  and  Fortiture  in  his  stable  as  late  as  1790. 

About  that  time  the  Comte  d'Artois  bought  Comus,  by  Otho  and  Barbary  by  Pan- 
gloss;  Glowworm  by  Eclipse  and  King  Pepin  by  Turf  were  sold  to  the  Duke  de 
Chartres,  while  the  Marquis  de  Conflans  bought  Perois  and  leased  Teucer.  At  tha 
same' period,  or  thereabouts,  several  well-bred  mares  were  sent  over  there  for  breeding 
purposes.  Among  these  were  Dulcinea  by  Whistle  Jacket;  Sphynx  by  Marske,  and 
Helen  by  Conductor.  The  Revolution,  however,  sent  all  these  into  obscurity  from 
which  they  never  emerged  and  nothing  is  known  of  their  descendants.  After  the 
Revolution  was  over  and  the  Corsican  lieutenant  had  promoted  the  First  Empire,  a  stud 
farm  was  started  at  Buc,  near  Versailles,  but  subsequently  removed  to  Viroflay.  All 
this  is  merely  given  as  prefactory  to  the  foundation  of  the  ^ociete'  d'  Encouragement. 
It  may  not  be  out  of  place  for  me  to  give  a  list  (found  in  Mr.  Robert  Black's  History 
of  Racing  in  France)  of  stallions  imported  from  England  into  France  between  the  close 
of  the  Revolution  of  1793  and  the  formation  of  the  French  Jockey  Club  in  1833 : 

DATE 
NAME  SIRE  LINK          IMPORTATION 

Abron Whisker*  E  1828 

Ad   Libitum Whiskey  E  1817 

Alford  Pavilion  H  1822 

Alfred  Filho  da  Puta*  H  1828 

Atom   Phantom*  H  1826 

Barelegs   .- Tramp  D  E  1828 

Belmont Thunderbolt  M  1831 

Ben  Nevis  Paynator  M  1814 

Bijou     Orvillet  E  1818 

Borysthenes Smolensko  M  1830 

Brigand    XYZ  H  1826 

Camerton     Hambletoniant  E  1818 

Captain  Candid   Cerberus  E  1825 

Carbon    Waxy*  E  1828 

Charon    Woful  E  1827 

Cinder    Woful  E  1829 

Claude    Haphazard  H  1827 

Clayton  Overton  E  1815 

Coriolanus   Gohanna  E  1818 

Diamond    Highflyer  H  1818 

DIO  Whitworth  H  1818 

Doge  of  Venice   Sir  Oliver  D  H  1825 

Domenichino    Vandyke  Jr.  H  1818 

Eastham Sir  Oliver  D  H  1825 

Easton    Stamford  H  1813 

Egremont Skiddaw  1819 


'The  French   Thoroughbred 


DATE 

NAME  SIRE  LINE  IMPORTATION 

Electrometer     ............................  Thunderbolt  M  1828 

Young  Emilius    ..........................  Out    of    Sal  E  1832 

Young  Emilius    ..........................  Out   of    Cobweb  E  1834 

Enamel    ..................................  Phantom*  H  1831 

Farmer,   The    ............................  Pericles  H  1826 

Felix    ............................  «.  .......  Comus  M  1826 

Fulford    .................................  Orville  E  1820 

Young  Gohanna    ..........  ..  ..............  Gohanna  E  1820 

Hamlet    ..................................  Hambletoniant  E  1818 

Harlequin    ...............................  Cervantes  E  1831 

Holbein  ..................................  Rubens  H  1826 

Homer    ..........  '  ........................  Catton  D  E  1826 

Kt.    Errant    ..............................  Sanchot  E  1817 

Linkboy    .................................  Aladdin*  E  1830 

Libertine    ................................  Filho  da  Puta  t  D          H  1831 

Lockell    ..................................  Selim  H  1830 

Locksley  .................................  Smolensko*  M  1827 

Lutzen     ..................................  Gustavus*  1831 

Y.   Merlin    ...............................  Merlin  H  1827 

Middlethorpe    ............................  Shuttle  E  1818 

Milton     ..................................  Waxy*  E  1819 

Minister     ................................  P.   Minister  E  1825 

Mohican   .................................  Woful  E  1832 

Monkey    .................................  Shuttle  E  1830 

Mustachio    ...............................  Whisker*  E  1828 

Myrmidon    ...............................  Partisan  H  1824 

Parchment     ..............................  Thunderbolt  M  1824 

Paulus    ..................................  St.   Paul  H  1818 

Peter  Liberty   ................  ............  Amadis  E  1825 

Phosphor     ...............................  Meteor  E  1819 

Piccadilly     ...............................  Buzard  H  1814 

Piccadilly     ...............................  Revell  M  1830 

Premium    ................................  Aladdin  H  1825 

Rainbow    ................................  Walton  H  1823 

Rembrandt    ..............................  Vandyke  Jr.  H  1831 

Rowlston    ................................  Camillus  E  1827 

Y*.  Sir  Joshua   ...........................  Rubens  H  1825 

Smolensko     ..............................  Stamford  H  1818 

Snail    ...........  f  ........................  Stamford  H  i8iq 

Spy,  The   ......    .........................  Walton  H  1818 

Y.    Stavely    ..............................  Sir  David  H  1819 

Streatlam  Lad  ...........  .  ................  Remembrancert  M  1818 

Tigris  ....................................  Quiz  H  1818 

Toil    and   Trouble    .......................  Manfred  H  1828 

Tooley    ..................................  Walton  H  1816 

Tozer    ...................................  Fyldener  H  1818 

Trance    ..................................  Phantom  H  1831 

Truffle     ..................................  Sorcerer  M  1817 

Turcoman    ...............................  Selim  H  1828 

Vampyre    ................................  Waxy*  E  1830 

Vanloo    .                                                            ..Rubens  H  1817 


'The  American  Thoroughbred 


DATE 

NAME                                                                               SIRE  LINE  IMPORTATION 

Velvet  ...................................  Sorcerer  M  1818 

Velvet    ...................................  Woodpecker  H  1800 

Vivaldi    ..................................  Filho  da  Putat  D  H  1828 

Workworth     .............................  Sorcerer  M  1812 

Zoroaster   . 


*  Won  the  Derby;  f  won  the  St.  L,eger;  D  won   the   Doncaster   Cup. 

Of  these  importations  and  their  get  but  little  record  has  been  made  and  even  less 
preserved.  Mr.  Black,  in  his  admirable  little  work,  informs  us  that  those  of  Rowlston, 
Holbein  and  Rainbow  are  alone  saved  from  the  wreck  of  time.  Volante,  by  Rowlston 
and  Corysandre,  by  Holbein,  won  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  in  1836  and  1838,  respective- 
ly; and  that  Felix,  Frank  and  Lydia,  all  by  Rainbow,  won  betwen  them  the  Grand  Prix 
de  Paris  in  1834,  1836  and  1837 ;  the  Prix  de  Cadran  in  1838 ;  and  the  Prix  de  Jockey 
Club  (otherwise  known  as  the  French  Derby)  in  1836  and  1837.  Rainbow's  .fame  has 
been  preserved  by  the  continuance  of  the  Prix  Rainbow  at  Beautiful  Longchamps.  And 
Mr.  Black  narrates  of  him  that  he  was  such  a  grand  and  majestic  horse  in  appearance, 
that  when  he  stood  for  mares  at  the  Viroflay  Stud,  the  French  public  would  flock  to  see 
him  and  gladly  pay  a  franc  for  that  privilege. 

The  formation  of  the  French  Jockey  Club,  at  which  period  we  have  now  arrived, 
was  something  of  a  curio  in  itself.  In  1830  a  pigeon-shooting  club  was  organized  by 
Englishmen  residing  in  Paris,  of  which  Lord  Harry  Seymour  was  president  and  a 
Mr.  Thomas  Bryan  secretary.  The  former  gentleman,  who  never  had  set  foot  in  Eng- 
land, by  the  way,  was  the  second  son  of  the  third  Marquis  of  Hertford  and  an  uncle  of 
the  great  British  soldier  on  whom  Queen  Victoria  bestowed  the  title  of  "the  Knight  of 
Kars"  for  his  great  service  in  the  defense  of  that  fortress.  He  conceived  the  idea 
of  a  Jockey  Club  modeled  on  the  lines  of  the  British  institution  and  was  not  long  in 
associating  with  himself  some  of  the  first  gentlemen  of  France.  He  became  president 
of  the  club;  Prince  Michael  Ney  (Duke  of  the  Moscova),  first  vice-president;  Mons. 
A.  de  Russiec,  second  vice-president ;  and  Mr.  Charles  Lafitte,  the  banker,  who  after- 
wards raced  as  "Major  Fridolin,"  treasurer.  The  remaining  nine  members  were  Comte 
Maxio  di  Caccia,  Comte  de  Cambis  (equerry  to  the  Due  d'Orleans),  the  Russian  Prince 
Demidoff,  Mons.  D.  Fasqual,  Mons.  Ernest  Leroy,  Vicomte  Paul  Laru  and  the  King's 
two  sons,  the  Due  de  Nemours  and  the  Due  d'Orleanse,  with  His  Majesty,  King  Louis 
Philippe,  as  a  patron  and  honorary  member.  Their  first  rooms  were  in  the  Rue 
Helder,  thence  removed  to  the  Rue  Grange  Batalliere  and  thence  to  (their  own  prop- 
erty) their  magnificent  quarters  at  the  corner  of  the  Boulevard  and  the  Rue  Scribe, 
across  the  street  from  the  Grand  Opera  House.  The  Due  d'Orleans  was  the  most  ac- 
tive of  all  the  members  and  was  killed  from  jumping  from  his  carriage  in  1848,  while 
his  horses  ran  away.  This  was  only  a  few  days  before  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolution 
which  deposed  Louis  Philippe.  The  Due  d'Orleans  it  was  who  got  hold  of  the  Due 
d'Aumale's  property  at  Chantilly  and  built  the  race  course,  that  being  the  best  course  in 
France  except  the  one  at  Longchamps  which  was  completed  in  1857  and  is  the  equal 
of  any  in  the  world.  The  French  Derby  and  Oaks  (called  the  Prix  du  Jockey  Club 
and  the  Prix  de  Diane,  respectively,  are  run  at  Chantilly;  and  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris 
at  Longchamps,  the  best  approach  to  which  is  a  drive  through  that  park  of  all  parks,  the 
Bois  de  Boulogne.  From  1834  to  1842  the  chief  racing  in  France  might  be  described  as 
a  single-handed  encounter,  from  year  to  year,  between  Lord  Harry  Seymour  and  the 
Due  d'Orleans. 

It  was  in  1839  that  the  latter  ill-fated  prince  had  his  best  innings  with  a  stable  com- 
posed of  Esmeralda,  Romulus,  Nautilus,  Quonium,  and  Giges,  the  latter  a  son  of  the 


'The  French   Thoroughbred 


Derby  winner  Priam ;  and  the  English-bred  Beggarman  who  lugged  off  the  Goodwood 
Cup  of  1840,  having  behind  him  such  cracks  as  Lanercost  (who  won  the  Ascot  and  New" 
castle  Cups  of  the  following  year)  Hetman  Platoff  (winner  of  the  Northumberland 
Plate  and  sire  of  the  Derby  winner  Cossack)  and  last,  but  not  least,  Pocahontas,  des- 
tined to  become  the  dam  of  the  three  immortals,  Stockwell,  King  Tom  and  Rataplan, 
ranking  in  the  order  named.  The  Due  d'Orleans  won  the  Prix  du  Cadran  with  Nau- 
tilus (son  of  Cadland,  Derby  winner  of  1828)  three  times  in  four  seasons;  the  Grand 
Prix  with  Volante  in  1836,  Nautilus  in  1840,  and  with  Giges  in  1841 ;  the  Poule  d'Essai 
(for  two-year-olds)  with  Giges  in  1840;  the  Poule  des  Produits  with  Cachemar  (by 
Royal  Oak)  in  1841 ;  and  the  Prix  du  Jockey  Club,  with  Romulus  (by  Cadland)  in 
1839.  Of  course  he  won  other  races,  but  I  have  only  given  what  might  be  termed 
the  French  Classics,  if  any  French  races  are  to  be  entitled  to  any  such  consideration. 
At  this  period  it  may  not  be  impertinent  to  give  an  enumeration  of  the  stallions  im- 
ported into  France  from  England  between  1833  and  1848  under  the  auspices  of  the 
House  of  Orleans,  given  in  alphabetical  order : 


LINE    OF   ECLIPSE 


DATE 


Aegyptian  by  Centaur  1834 

Altereuter  by  Lottery  1836 

Allington  by  Gustavus   1833 

Arthur  by  Dick  1848 

Beggarman  by  Zinganee  1839 

Bizarre  by  Orville   1840 

Brabant  by  Lapdog   1842 

Brocardo  by  Touchstone   1848 

Cadland  by  Andrew    1834 

Canton  by  Cain  1845 

Chance  by   Lottery    1837 

Clarion  by   Catton    1834 

Crispin  by  Lottery  1835 

Dangerous  by  Tramp    1836 

Darlington  by  Cleveland   1835 

Edmund   by   Orville    1835 

Emilius  Young  by   Cobweb 1836 

Faumus  by  Whalebone  1836 

Felix  by  Accident    1847 

Gen.  Mina  by  Camillus   1837 

Jason   by   Centaur    1834 

Juggler  by  Wamba   1837 

Lottery  D  by  Tramp  1834 

Mahomet  by  Muley  1835 

Mendicant  by  Tramp    1840 

Minister  by  Catton    1835 

Moretto  by  Gustavus    1834 

Novelist  by  Waverly  1835 

Nuncio  by  Plenipotentiary    1847 

Pagan  by  Muley  Molock 1846 

Petworth  by  Little  John   1835 

Physician  by  Brutandorf  1842 

Prime  Warden  by  Cadland    1847 

Prince  Caradoc  by  The  Colonel. ..  .1847 
Romeo  by   Emilius    1833 


LINE  OF   HEROD  DATE 

Anglesey  by  Sultan  1837 

Bon    Ton   by    Phantom    1838 

Cop.    Captain   by   Bobadil 1834 

Comte   d'Orsay   by   Faustus 1836 

Delphi  by  Elis  1842 

Dick  by  Lamplighter  1836 

Fang  by  Langar   1836 

Farmington   by    Cain    1844 

Frogmore   by   Phantom    1838 

Gladiator  by    Partisan    1846 

His  Highness  by  Partisan  1846 

His  Highness  by  F.  da  Puta  1839 

Hoemus  by   Sultan    1834 

Hurricane  by   Cain    \ 1839 

Ibrahim   by    S'ultan    1835 

Ionian    by    Ion    1847 

Little  Rover  by  Cydnus   1837 

Mameluke   by    Partisan    1837 

Mariner  by  Merlin    1835 

Marcellus  by  Selim   1838 

Mr.  Waggs  by  Langar  1838 

Muezzin  by   Sultan    1837 

Napoleon   by  Bob  Booty   1834 

Paradox  by  Merlin    1834 

Pickpocket  by  St.  Patrick   1836 

Polecat  by  B.  Middleton   1846 

Roebuck  by  Venison   1847 

Rowager  by  Venison      1847 

Specter  by  Phantom   1834 

Trancred  by   Selim    1834 

Tandem  by  Rubens   1836 

Tragedian  by  Sir  Isaac  1847 


14°  ^he  American  "Thoroughbred 

LINE   OF  ECLIPSE  DATE  LINE   OF  MATCHEM  DATE 

Royal  George  by  Roy  Oak 1837  Abin  Conley  by  Jerry    1836 

Royal   Oak  by  Catton    1833  Ascot    by    Tomboy    1845 

Sting  by  Slane    1847  Y.  Bedlamite  by  Bedlamite  1834 

Teetotum  by  Lottery    1834  Pegasus  by  Tiresias    1835 

Theodore  by  Woful    1838  Tourist  by  Dr.  Syntax  1836 

Tyrius  by  Laurel   1840 

Windcliffe  by  Waverly  1836 

Worthless  by  Camel    1846 

Thus  it  appears  that,  while  the  French  imported  forty-eight  stallions  of  the  male 
line  of  Eclipse,  as  against  twenty-four  of  the  line  of  Herod,  they  only  imported  five  of 
the  Matchem  line,  something  entirely  disproportionate,  as  the  Matchem  blood  always 
(or  nearly  so)  is  remarkable  for  carrying  with  it  the  best  bone  and  the  greatest  amount 
of  substance.  For  all  that,  the  French  horses  show  as  good  bone  as  any  but  those  bred 
in  Ireland.  Those  which  are  italicized  became  famous  as  sires  in  France,  or  won 
great  races  in  England  before  their  expatriation.  It  is  due  to  the  Royal  family  of 
France  to  say  that  they  imported  Gladiator  (the  best  stallion  ever  sent  to  France,  at  a 
cost  of  62,500  francs,  equal  to  about  $12,000  of  our  money,  but  Royal  Oak  (the  second 
best)  was  the  enterprise  of  a  private  individual — Lord  Harry  Seymour,  the  president 
of  the  French  Jockey  Club. 

Lord  Harry  Seymour  was  not  merely  an  importer  of  horses  but  of  men,  as  well.  He 
brought  over  that  famous  trainer,  Tom  Carter,  who  afterwards  brought  over  the  broth- 
ers, Henry  and  Thomas  Jennings,  the  latter  of  whom  subsequently  became  noted  as 
the  trainer  of  that  mightiest  of  all  three-year-olds,  Gladiateur  (by  Monarque)  the  only 
horse  to  win  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas,  the  Derby,  the  St.  Leger  and  the  Grand  Prix 
de  Paris,  in  none  of  which  events  was  he  ever  fully  extended.  Lord  Harry,  with  the 
assistance  of  these  able  trainers,  won  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  with  Miss  Annette  (by 
Reveller)  in  1835  and  with  Franck  (by  Rainbow)  in  1837*  the  latter  horse  winning  also 
the  Prix  du  Cadran,  and  the  Jockey  Club  Prix  (French  Derby)  ;  and  he  likewise  won 
the  latter  race  with  Lydia  (by  Rainbow),  Vendredi  (by  Cain)  and  Poetess  (after- 
wards famous  as  the  dam  of  Monarque)  by  Royal  Oak.  His  memory  is  still  kept 
green  by  the  Prix  Seymour,  run  annually  at  the  Paris  Summer  meeting.  Mons. 
Rieussec,  the  second  vice-president  of  the  French  Jockey  Club  at  that  period,  had  a 
large  stud  at  Viroflay.  He  won  the  Grand  Prix  of  1834  (which  race  must  not  be 
confounded  with  the  present  race  of  that  name — established  in  1861  by  Louis  Napol- 
eon, as  it  was  run  at  a  different  distance  and  under  different  conditions)  with  his 
home-bred  horse  Felix,  by  Rainbow.  At  each  spring  meeting  his  fame  is  perpetuated 
by  the  Prix  Rieussec  and  at  the  fall  meetings  by  the  Prix  de  Viroflay. 

A  very  different  character  from  these  was  Mons.  Charles  Lafitte,  the  rich  banker, 
who  died  in  1875,  being  treasurer  of  the  Jockey  Club  up  to  the  time  of  his  demise.  He 
married  an  Englishwoman,  Miss  Conyngham,  and  did  not  race  at  all  until  some  years 
after  his  escape  from  celibacy  when  he  took  the  nomme  de  course  of  "Major  Fridolin." 
After  the  Baron  de  Niviere  dissolved  partnership  with  that  consummate  rascal,  the 
Comte  de  Lagrange,  he  and  "Major  Fridolin"  became  partners  under  the  name  of  the 
"La  Morlaye"  stable  and  achieved  great  coups  with  such  horses  as  Gontran,  Bigarreau. 
Sornette  and  Franc-Tireur,  the  latter  being  about  as  good  as  a  timber-topper  as  was  ever 
bred  on  the  continent.  He  bought  Light  (bred  in  France),  by  Prime  Warden  out  of 
Balaclava,  from  whom  he  bred  both  Bigarreau  and  Sornette,  the  former  winning  the 
French  Derby  and  the  latter  the  French  Oaks  and  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris.  Sornette 
also  won  the  Goodwood  Stakes  and  Doncaster  Cup  in  England.  Mons.  Lafitte  also 
imported  Tournament  from  England  and  bred  from  him  Sabre  and  Tyroliesme,  as  well 


VNIVERSI1  V 

The  French  'Thoroughbred  141 

as  that  great  steeplechaser,  Franc-Tireur.  Mons.  Lafitte  lives  in  history  by  having 
named  for  him  the  Prix  de  Chateau-Lafitte  at  the  Chantilly  Autumn  races. 

One  night,  in  December,  1867,  a  poor  sewing  girl  fainted  away  from  hunger  and 
exhaustion  not  far  from  where  the  little  Rue  de  Gomboust  cuts  into  the  magnificent 
Avenue  de  1'Opera.  A  splendid  carriage  was  driving  by  at  the  time  and  the  driver 
halted  his  horses.  An  aged  man  stepped  out  and  he  and  his  coachman  lifted  the  help- 
less girl  into  the  sumptuous  vehicle  and  drove  away. 

"Poor  child,"  said  a  bystander,  "she  has  been  rescued  from  poverty  to  meet  a  worse 
fate." 

"Pauvre  enfant,  pourquoi  ?"  retorted  a  young  rake  who  stood  beside  him.  "C'est 
la  bonne  fortune !  C'est  le  voiture  du  Prince  Anatole  Demidoff." 

It  was  indeed  the  party  referred  to,  one  of  the  original  eight  non-official  members 
of  the  French  Jockey  Club.  The  girl's  name  was  Celine  Montaland,  the  daughter  of  a 
poor  old  couple  in  Burgundy;  and  she  was  exceedingly  beautiful.  The  next  week  she 
appeared  in  the  Bois  du  Boulogne,  the  handsomest  dressed  woman  there  and  in  the 
most  magnificent  equipage.  Finding  that  she  possessed  an  unusually  sweet  voice,  the 
old  Prince,  whose  income  from  his  mines  in  the  Ural  mountains  in  Russia  was  about 
two  million  francs  annually,  gave  her  a  musical  education  and  she  sang  in  opera  bouffe, 
not  only  in  Paris  and  London,  but  in  New  York  also.  She  appeared  there  in  the  win- 
ter of  1871-2  and  it  was  his  infatuation  for  her  and  his  desertion  of  Josephine  Mans- 
field tor  the  fair-lipped  Lais  of  France  that  eventually  cost  James  Fisk,  the  "Prince 
of  Erie/' 'his  life. 

I.  think  I  have  gone  far  enough  in  detailing  the  early  importations  of  horses  into 
France  from  England,  as  well  as  the  personnel  of  the  primary  founders  of  the  Societe 
1'Encouragernent,  but  a  word  as  to  Mr.  Charles  Leroy  may  not  be  wholly  out  of  place, 
for  he  it  was  who  imported,  along  after  1845,  such  great  English  performers  as  Elthiron 
(brother  to  Hobbie  Noble  and  the  Reiver)  who  won  the  City  and  Suburban  at  Epsom; 
Ion,  second  in  both  Derby  and  St.  Leger  of  1838  and  sire  of  the  Derby  winner,  Wild 
Dayrell ;  Womersley  by  Irish  Birdcatcher,  out  of  Cinizelli,  who  produced  one  winner 
each  of  the  Oaks,  St.  Leger  and  Two  Thousand ;  and  last,  but  not  least,  "Lazy  Laner- 
cost,"  who  won  the  Ascot  and  Newcastle  Cups  of  1841  and  third  to  Charles  XII  and 
Euclid  in  the  St.  Leger  of  1839,  the  former  of  the  twain  winning  in  the  run-orf  of  a 
dead  heat. 

From  the  formation  of  the  Societe  d'Encouragement  to  the  proclamation  of  the 
Second  Empire,  by  Louis  Napoleon  Bonaparte,  that  organization  seems  to  have  had  a 
severe  struggle  for  existence.  From  1833  to  1840  the  average  number  of  horses 
trained  enough  to  bring  to  the  post  was  only  59;  from  1849  to  1858,  the  average  had 
grown  to  125  ;  and  after  1858  to  as  high  as  160,  up  to  which  time  no  one  thought  it  possi- 
ble to  carry  off  an  English  Derby  or  even  a  first-class  handicap.  Some  of  the  best 
horses  were  kept  in  training  as  long  as  seven  seasons.  Hervine,  by  Mr.  Waggs,  won 
the  Prix  de  Diane  (French  Oaks)  in  1851  and  was  seen  in  a  race  at  Chantilly  four  years 
later,  running  for  a  plate  of  $600,  and  this,  too3  ten  weeks  after  having  dropped  a  foal. 
By  1845  the  number  of  owners  had  been  increased  by  the  addition  of  such  spirited  turf- 
men as  Messrs.  Alexander  Aumont,  Auguste  Lupin,  Latache  de  Fay,  Prince  Marc  de 
Beaurau,  the  Comte  des  Cars,  Baron  N.  Rothschild,  the  Comte  de  Morny,  Baron  A. 
Schickler,  Mons.  Robin  (breeder  of  the  famous  Souvenir),  Henri  Delamarre,  Alphonse 
de  Belaque,  the  Marquis  de  Roffignac  and  about  twenty  others  of  less  note.  As  for  the 
trainers  and  jockeys,  they  were  English  almost  without  an  exception.  Among  the 
jockeys  we  find  the  names  of  Webb,  Hall,  Boast,  North,  Edwards,  Pavis,  Spreoty  and 
Nat  Flatman,  who  rode  Voltigeur,  and  Orlando  before  him,  in  all  their  great  races ; 
and  Henry  Lamplugh,  who  rode  the  great  P'ranc-Picard  in  all  of  his  many  victories 
"over  the  sticks."  Another  of  these  was  Kitchener,  who  rode  Red  Deer  to  victory  in 


142  The  American   Thoroughbred 

the  Chester  Cup  at  48  pounds,  the  lowest  weight  in  history ;  and  he  also  rode  Ver- 
mout  when  he  defeated  the  great  Tjlair  Athol  (Derby  and  St.  Leger  winner)  in  the 
Grand  Prix  of  1864. 

The  Revolution  of  1848,  which  dethroned  Louis  Philippe,  put  an  end  to  racing 
for  several  vears  and  it  w^s  not  until  Louis  Napoleon  (whom  Victor  Hugo  stigmatized 
as  "the  bastard  son  of  A  Dutch  admiral")  established  the  Second  Empire,  that  racing  in 
France  assumed  any  notable  proportions.  He  it  was  who  founded  the  present  Grand 
Prix  de  Paris,  run  at  Longchamps,  over  a  mile  and  five  furlongs  with  122  pounds,  fillies 
being  allowed  five  pounds  for  sex.  This  was  raised  to  the  present  scale,  126  pounds 
in  1870,  being  the  same  weight  as  carried  in  the  English  "classics."  From  that  date, 
1861,  the  race  being  won  by  The  Ranger,  son  of  Voltigeur  and  the  Gardham  mare 
which  was  second  dam  of  the  great  Cremorne,  begins  the  present  formidable  attitude 
of  the  French-bred  horse  as  a  disputant  of  racing  in  England. 


T"he  French  "Thoroughbred 


SECOND     EPOCH 

From  the  Second  Empire  until  its  Fall 

Louis  Napoleon  may,  or  may  not,  have  been  a  great  soldier.  The  campaign  in  the 
Quadrilateral  of  Italy,  concluding  with  the  French  victories  at  Solferino  and  Magenta, 
would  indicate  that  he  was ;  and  a  further  corroboration  lies  in  the  camp  equipment  of 
the  French  troops  in  the  Crimean  war  when  the  provisioning  and  cookery  of  Marshal 
St.  Arnaud's  army  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  noted  Parisian  chef,  M.  Alexis  Soyer. 
The  Franco-Prussian  war,  in  which  his  armies  were  sent  into  the  field  with  rotten  shoes 
on  their  feet  and  shoddy  uniforms  on  their  bodies,  would  indicate  that  he  knew  noth- 
ing of  the  condition  of  the  troops  sent  forth  to  battle  for  the  duration  of  his  empire. 
But  he  certainly  knew  that  no  nation  could  successfully  maintain  a  cavalry  service  with- 
out thoroughbred  blood  in  its  horses. 

It  is  worthy  of  note  that  all,  or  nearly  all,  the  best  stallions  in  France,  at  that  period; 
were  the  property  of  the  state ;  and  in  1854  the  state  went  so  far  as  to  place  at  the  ser- 
vices of  breeders  no  less  than  345  English  or  French-bred  stallions  at  figures  ranging 
from  200  francs  down  to  a  minimum  fee  of  40  francs.  Among  these  were  Ion,  sire  of 
the  Derby  winner  Wild  Dayrell ;  the  Prime  Warden,  sire  of  Bassishaw,  the  third  dam 
of  Isonomy ;  Elthiron,  a  winner  of  the  Suburban  at  Epsom ;  Caravan,  winner  of  the 
Ascot  Cup  in  1839 ;  The  Baron,  a  winner  of  both  the  St.  Leger  and  Cesarewitch  at  three 
and  sire  of  the  immortal  Stockwell ;  lago,  second  in  the  St.  Leger  and  winner  of  the 
Grand  Duke  Michael  Stakes,  and  dear  to  all  Americans  as  the  sire  of  Bonnie  Scotland ; 
Lanercost,  winner  of  the  Ascot  Cup  and  sire  of  Van  Tromp,  who  won  the  St.  Leger  of 
1847 ;  the  short-lived  Emperor,  who  defeated  Faugh-a-Ballagh  and  Alice  Hawthorne  for 
the  Emperor  of  Russia's  Cup  in  1845 ;  and  last,  but  not  least,  Gladiator  (who  ran  second 
to  Bay  Middleton  in  the  Derby  of  1836,  his  only  race)  probably  the  best  stallion  that 
England  ever  sent  to  the  land  of  the  Parleyvoos.  At  that  date  nobody  could  have  be- 
lieved that  the  day  would  ever  come  when  a  French-bred  horse  (Flageolet,  sire  of 
Rayon  d'Or,  imported  to  America)  would  be  sent  to  England  to  make  the  season 
of  1880,  at  $1,000  per  mare,  the  only  higher  priced  stallion  in  England  being  Hermit, 
who  had  been  reserved  by  his  owner  (Mr.  Henry  Chaplin  of  Blankney)  exclusively  for 
his  own  mares  and  therefore  not  accessible  to  the  rank  and  file  of  England's  most  se- 
lect breeders.  But  such  is  the  incontrovertible  fact,  though  that  condition  of  affairs 
lasted  for  only  two  seasons. 

We  now  come  down  to  what  Mr.  Robert  Black,  in  his  gracefully  worded  little 
book  humorously  styles  "The  Invasion  of  Perfidious  Albion."  This  began  in  1852 
when  a  formidable  stable  was  sent  over  there.  Previous  to  that  French  horses  had 
won  as  follows :  1840,  Beggerman,  by  Zinganee  (sent  to  America)  owned  by  The 
Due  d'Orleans,  won  the  Goodwood  Cup;  1850,  Count  Haber,  born  in  Germany  but  re- 
siding in  France,  won  the  Chesterfield  Cup  with  Turnus  (by  Taurus,  son  of  Morisco) 
who  was  destined  to  be  the  sire  of  the  Epsom  Oaks  winner,  Butterfly. 

These  were  the  only  two  races  of  any  note,  prior  to  1852,  won  on  English  soil  by 
foreign-bred  horses,  which,  let  me  add,  were  given  a  seven-pound  allowance  from  their 
scale  weight,  as  being  bred  out  of  England.  It  was  this  allowance  to'  foreign-bred 
horses  which  induced  Mr.  Richard  Ten  Broeck,  of  Louisiana,  to  undertake  quite  another 
"Invasion  of  Perfidious  Albion"  in  1857,  when  he  won  several  big  races  with  compara- 
tively inferior  animals.  As  late  as  1901  Mr.  John  Huggins,  one  of  the  best  of  the 


The  American   Thoroughbred 

American  trainers,  became  the  utterer  of  the  statement  that  "America  has  first-class 
horses  but  has  never,  so  far,  sent  one  of  them  to  England."  This,  too,  in  the  face  of 
the  stubborn  fact  that  Iroquois  had  been  the  only  horse  in  history  to  win  the  Derby, 
St.  Leger,  Payne  Stakes,  Prince  of  Wales  Stakes  (Ascot),  and  the  St.  James  Palace 
Stakes,  in  one  season;  and  that  Foxhall  ("bred  in  old  Kentucky")  had  won  in  one  sea- 
son the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris,  the  Grand  Duke  Michael  Stakes,  the  Cesarewitch  Handi- 
cap and  the  Cambridgeshire,  carrying  in  the  latter  race  the  highest  weight  (126  pounds) 
ever  carried  to  victory  in  that  race  by  a  three-year-old,  up  to  the  present  writing.  But 
I  am  digressing  and  the  discussion  is  taking  a  very  wide  range.  Let  us,  therefore,  get 
back  to  the  French  invasion  of  1852. 

In  1852  the  French  sent  over  the  crack  filly  Hervine,  by  Mr.  Waggs.  Under  the 
allowances  made  to  her  as  a  foreign-bred  animal,  she  only  ha*d  to  carry  ninety-five 
pounds  in  the  Goodwood  Cup,  while  Kingston,  a  three-year-old  by  Venison  out  of  Queen 
Anne,  won  the  race  with  104  pounds  in  his  saddle.  Hervine  ran  unplaced  and  it  was 
claimed  that  she  was  suffering  from  seasickness  engendered  in  crossing  the  channel. 
However,  there  were  several  English  cracks  which  ran  unplacd  in  that  race,  among  them 
Hernandez  (2,000  guineas  of  1851),  by  Pantaloon;  Newminster  (St.  Leger  of  1851), 
by  Touchstone;  and  Stilton,  who  won  the  Chester  Cup  of  that  very  year,  by  Cother- 
stone  out  of  Gruyere  (dam  of  Parmesan,  sire  of  two  Derby  winners  in  late  years)  by 
Verulam,  son  of  Lottery  and  Wire.  Hence  it  was  not  so  disgraceful  to  run  "in  the 
steerage"  as  might  first  be  imagined.  Next  year  Hervine  "tried  it  on  the  dog"  once 
more  with  99  pounds.  She  ran  second  with  Kingston,  Muscovite  and  Weathergage 
astern  of  her.  But  "every  cloud  has  a  silver  lining"  and  the  winner  turned  up  in  an- 
other French-bred  mare,  Jotivence,  by  Sting  (son  of  Slane),  out  of  Currency.  That 
two  French -bred  mares  should  run  1-2  in  a  race  like  that  was  enough  to  cause  a 
continuous  illumination  of  the  Boulevard  all  the  way  from  the  Rue  Rivoli  to  the  Made- 
leine. 

In  1853  came  on  several  sharp  horses,  one  of  which  was  Fitz  Gladiator,  now  fam- 
ous in  the  annals  of  the  French  stud ;  Echelle,  afterwards  noted  as  the  dam  of  the  crack 
Orphelin :  Lycisca,  by  Sting  and  Valerie  by  the  same  sire.  The  two  last  named 
fillies  ran  hopelessly  behind  the  marvelous  Virago  (who  won  the  City  and  Suburban 
and  Great  Metropolitan  three  hours  apart)  in  both  the  Goodwood  and  Doncaster  Cups. 
Fitz  Gladiator  got  lame  on  the  hard  ground  at  Ascot  (always  a  beastly  place  to  train) 
and  had  to  be  scratched  for  the  Goodwood  Cup.  Hervine  got  lame  and  had  to  be 
withdrawn  from  the  Cambridgeshire  for  which  she  looked  to  have  "a  right  smart 
chance."  Jouvence  was  started  six  times  and  failed  to  bring  home  any  part  of  the 
money.  Trust,  a  five-year-old,  was  the  only  one  to  get  a  place  (twice  second)  in  any 
one  of  thirty  odd  contests  in  which,  the  French  horses  were  participants.  But  a  brighter 
day  was  to  dawn  upon  the  Parleyvoos  with  the  coming  of  Monarque,  a  horse  of  real 
class. 

This  was  a  bay  horse  with  magnificent  forehand  and  about  as  expressive  a  head 
(judging  him  from  his  pictures)  as  ever  was  set  upon  a  horse's  neck.  His  middle 
piece  was  only  fair  and  his  stifles  looked  narrow,  if  the  portrait  extant  is  a  truthful  one. 

But  his  action  was  perfect,  and  up  to  about  117  pounds  he  was  the  d 1's  own  horse 

to  beat.  His  pedigree  was  given  as  being  by  The  Baron,  Sting  or  The  Emperor,  the 
latter  of  which  is  now  the  accepted  one  of  all  the  foreign  turf  doctrinaries  who  know 
more  about  such  things  than  I  do.  But  in  point  of  conformation,  he  was  Sting  all 
over  and  wholly  unlike  The  Emperor,  whose  pictures  resemble  our  great  American 
cup  horse,  Harry  Bassett,  more  than  any  other  that  I  can  name.  Monarque's  dam  was 
that  good  winner,  Poetess,  by  Royal  Oak,  already  referred  to.  He  was  foaled  in 
1852  at  Mons.  Aumont's  farm  (Victot)  near  Caen.  He  was  not  a  horse  of  extreme 
speed,  but  had  a  low  and  frictionless  way  of  going  that  the  English  call  a  "daisy-cutter." 


The  French   'Thoroughbred 

His  dam  had  already  produced  Hervine.  a  great  mare  in  France,  but  a  most  unlucky 
one  in  the  newly  invaded  country ;  and  at  two  years  old  he  was  most  unpromising,  be- 
ing beaten  by  a  most  inferior  animal  named  Alex-y-gainment,  that  being  the  only  time 
that  he  ever  lost  a  race  at  weight  for  age.  In  1855,  being  then  three,  he  beat  every- 
thing in  France  and  even  crossed  over  to  Belgium,  where  he  won  the  Continental  Derby 
at  Ghent.  His  victories  on  his  native  soil  consisted  of  the  following : 

FRANCS. 

Poule  d'  Essai   6,000 

Ponle    des    Produits    3,500 

T       Prix_djJ— Hockey  Club   52,000 

Grand  St.  Leger   (Moulins)    9,900 


Total     71,400 

This  sum  is  equal  to  $14,280  in  American  money,  a  sum  won  by  more  than  fifty 
second-class  horses  in  America  since  1890.  After  his  French  victories  he  crossed 
the  Channel  and  started  in  the  Stewards  Cup  (one  mile)  at  Goodwood,  in  which  he 
was  accorded  the  top-weight  of  the  three-year-olds  in  that  race,  but  finished  nowhere. 
He  was  nowhere  in  the  Goodwood  Cup,  won  by  Baroncino,  also  a  son  of  The  Emperor. 
Strange  to  say,  after  these  impressive  defeats  in  England,  Monarque  returned  to  his 
native  soil  and  actually  won  three  races  in  one  week.  Had  such  a  thing  occurred 
where  I  am  writing  this,  it  would  have  been  ascribed  to  "this  glorious  climate  of 
California." 

At  four  years  old  Ronzi,  winner  of  the  French  Oaks  of  the  previous  year,  de- 
feated him  for  the  Prix  de  1'Empereur  at  Chantilly,  being  in  receipt  of  ten  pounds 
weight  from  him,  however.  Lion,  three  years  old,  who  had  won  the  French  Derby 
of  that  year,  was  third  and  behind  him  came  Vermeille,  by  the  The  Baron,  destined  in 
later  years  to  become  the  dam  of  such  "illustrations"  as  Vermont,  Vertugadin,  Ver- 
dure and  Verite.  Monarque  was  sent  over  to  England  again,  but  the  best  he  could 
do  was  to  get  third  in  both  the  Goodwood  Cup  and  the  Stewards  Cup  at  the  sarrie 
meeting.  Then  came  a  change  in  affairs  and  in  October  of  that  year  it  was  an- 
nounced that  M.  D'Aumont  had  sold  all  his  horses  to  Comte  Frederic  de  Lagrange. 
The  sale  comprised  Monarque  and  Peu  d'Espoir,  four  years'^  Brutus,  by  Sting,  three 
years;  and  Mademoiselle  de  Chantilly,  by  Gladiator-Maid  of  Mona,  two  years.  The 
Comte  also  secured  the  services  of  Tom  Jennings  as  trainer  and  with  Monarque  he 
won  the  Prix  Imperial  at  the  November  Paris  meeting,  beating  the  only  other  starter, 
Valbruant,  by  Nuncio.  The  coming  year,  1857,  was  pregnant  with  miracles  for  the 
great  French  stable,  the  real  backer  of  which  was  the  son  of  Hortense  Beauharnais. 

Monarque  started  off  to  make  every  race  a  winning  one.  He  broke  off  by  win- 
ning, all  inside  of  six  weeks,  the  Prix  de  Pavilion  and  Prix  des  Haras  at  Chantilly ;  the 
Prix  d'Administration  and  Prix  Imperial  at  Boulogne ;  the  Prix  Imperial  at  Moulins ; 
and  the  Prix  Imperial  and  Grand  Prix  Imperial  at  Longchamps.  On  the  same  day 
that  Mademoiselle  de  Chantilly  won  the  French  Oaks,  Monarque  beat  Lion  with  great 
difficulty  by  a  neck.  These  two  horses  met  again  next  week  at  a  difference  of  ten 
pounds  and  the  young  horse  had  Monarque  beaten  about  seventy  yards  from  home 
when  he  suddenly  faltered  and  Monarque  won.  Lion  pulled  up  on  three  legs  and  it 
was  found  he  had  split  a  pastern. 

Potocki,  by  The  Baron,  won  the  French  Derby  of  that  year  and  also  beat  Monarque 
for  the  Prix  de  la  Villa,  but  Monarque  was  giving  the  youngster  forty-eight  pounds,  so 
that  did  not  make  Potocki  anything  great.  When  midsummer  came  there  was  an 
exodus  of  French  horses  to  Goodwood,  consisting  of  Monarque,  Paladin,'  Florin,  Po- 
tocki, Ronzi,  Chenette  and  Mademoiselle  de  Chantilly.  Of  these  none  won  a  single 


The  American   Thoroughbred 

race  in  England  save  Monarque,  who,  at  odds  of  100  to  12,  annexed  the  Goodwood  Cup 
with  121  pounds,  Riseber  second  with  100,  and  Fisherman,  four  years,  127  pounds,  a 
poor  third.  Gunboat,  by  Sir  Hercules,  was  the  favorite,  but  the  field  was  a  big  one 
and  a  collision  occurred  shortly  after  the  start,  in  which  Gunboat,  Florin  and  Gemma 
di  Vergy  were  all  knocked  down,  or  the  result  might  have  been  different  for  both 
Florin  and  Gunboat  were  in  great  form  just  then.  To  show  how  untrue  was  that 
winning  it  may  be  mentioned  that  on  the  30th  of  September,  Fisherman,  Commotion 
(by  Alarm)  and  Saunterer  (by  Birdcatcher)  went  over  to  France  to  run  for  the  Prix 
de  1'Empereur  at  Chantilly  against  Monarque  (122  pounds),  Ronzi  (108),  and  Made- 
moiselle de  Chantilly.  Old  Fisherman  carried  129  pounds  and  so  did  Saunterer,  while 
Commotion  had  up  126 ;  and  the  English  horses  finished  in  that  order,  not  a  single 
French  horse  coming  "inside  the  money." 

The  season  of  1858  was  destined  to  be  the  last  on  the  turf  of  this  equine  hero,  for 
whom. in  the  stud,  awaited  greater  triumphs  than  he  had  ever  known  on  the  turf,  bril- 
liant as  had  been  his  long  career  of  five  seasons.  He  opened  the  ball  by  winning  the 
Newmarket  Handicap  on  April  i6th,  worth  £845 ;  and  on  the  igth  his  stable  companion, 
Mademoiselle  de  Chantilly,  won  the  City  and  Suburban  at  Eosom  worth  £1030  in  a  field 
of  twenty-six.  Two  days  after  that  came  the  sad  story  of  the  Great  Metropolitan,  two 
miles,  in  which  the  game  and  gallant  Monarque  broke  down  while  running  well  to  the 
fore.  While  it  is  hardly  fair  to  call  him  a  first-class  race  horse,  yet  it  is  evident  that 

he  "took  a  d 1  of  a  lot  of  beating."  This  is  made  more  palpable  by  the  fact  that 

Saunterer  (never  quite  first-class)  went  over  again  to  Chantilly  to  dispute  for  the 
Emperor's  prize,  where  he  was  met  by  Miss  Cath,  Ventre  Saint  Gris  (French  Derby 
winner  of  that  year)  Le  Zouave  and  Gouvieux.  To  the  first  named  he  gave  ten  pounds, 
she  being  five,  and  to  each  of  three-year-olds  twenty  pounds,  he  being  four  years  old. 
Yet  he  won  with  consummate  ease. 

Monarque's  career  in  the  stud  was  a  brilliant  one  and  yet  he  died  at  the  age  of 
twenty-two  from  sheer  neglect,  his  hoofs  grown  out  as  long  as  Mexican  oysters  and  his 
feet  badly  diseased.  I  can  only  attribute  this  to  the  fact  that  Comte  de  Lagrange  was 
merely  a  turf  gambler  and  not  a  breeder.  Nevertheless,  Monarque  achieved  what  no 
other  French  stallions  have  ever  done,  before  or  since.  His  chief  winners  were  Gladi- 
ateur,  Henry,  Hospodar,  Le  Marechal,  Infante,  Villafranca,  Gideon,  Beatrix,  Young 
Monarque.  Brigadier  (imported  to  America)  Auguste,  Longchamps,  Boulogne,  Le  Sar- 
razin,  Patricien,  Trocadero,  Consul,  Don  Carlos,  Le  Mandarin  and  last,  but  not  least. 
Reirie,  winner  of  the  One  Thousand  Guineas  and  the  Oaks,  both  in  France  and  Eng- 
land. Trocadero  won  the  Alexandra  Plate  at  Ascot  (three  miles)  with  149  pounds 
in  the  saddle,  and  Henry  carried  off  the  Ascot  Gold  Cup  at  4  years  old  with  126. 

Fille  de  1'Air,  a  brown  filly  by  Faugh-a-Ballagh  (St.  Leger  winner  of  1844  and 
sold  to  France  at  10  years)  was  the  great  three-year-old  of  1864,  winning  both  the 
French  and  English  Oaks  with  ease,  being  afterwards  the  dam  of  Reine,  above  referred 
to.  In  the  spring  of  1865  she  was  reported  to  be  "going  great  guns"  in  her  preparation 
for  the  Chester  Cup,  the  second  of  the  great  early  handicaps.  A  bushel  of  French 
money,  as  well  as  English,  was  thrown  in  on  her  and  burnt  up,  the  winner  turning  up 
in  Sir  Joseph  Hawley's  colt  Asteroid  by  Stockwell  out  of  Teetotum.  It  subsequently 
transpired  that  the  wily  French  Count  had  put  his  money  on  Asteroid,  the  mare  hav- 
ing been  stuffed  with  hay  and  water  on  the  morning  of  the  race.  An '  investigation 
was  had,  but  dismissed  as  "not  proven." 

We  now  come  to  Gladiateur,  the  greatest  horse  ever  foaled  on  the  soil  of  France 
and  the  second  one  of  nine  colts  that  have  won  "the  triple  crown"  of  the  Engilish 
Turf.  He  was  about  as  ragged  looking  a  specimen  as  was  ever  saddled  for  a  race 
but  a  perfect  galloping  machine.  Nothing  could  stand  against  his  long  and  friction- 
less  stride.  He  was  foaled  in  the  Royal  Stud  at  Dangu  in  1862,  his  dam  being  Miss 


'The  French   Thoroughbred 


Gladiator  by  Gladiator  (son  of  Partisan)  from  Taffrail  by  Sheet  Anchor  from  "the 
Warwick  mare"  by  Ardrossan.  He  was  15  hands  three  inches  high  at  two  years, 
when  he  went  over  to  England  and  won  the  Clearwell  stakes  (won  by  Hospodar  two 
years  before)  and  ran  a  dead  heat  for  third  place  in  the  Prendergast  Stakes  with  a 
very  moderate  horse  called  Longdown;  and  in  the  Criterion  Stakes  (won  by  Hospodar 
in  1862)  he  ran  unplaced  to  Chattanooga,  who  was  good  but  nothing  great.  Glad- 
iateur  therefore  retired  for  the  winter  with  the  reputation  of  "a  good  colt  'but  not 
great."  Indeed,  the  best  English  judges  placed  him  below  Hospodar  and  about  equal 
with  Gontran  and  Le  Mandarin,  of  his  own  age,  little  dreaming  of  the  surprise  in 
store  for  them  next  year. 

The  year  1865  will  go  down  to  all  time  as  "The  French  Year."  Gladiateur  did 
not  take  part  in  any  of  the  early  events  in  France,  but  showed  up  at  Newmarket  in 
time  for  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas,  for  which  there  were  only  seven  starters,  every 
one  being  afraid  of  Liddington,  the  best  two-year-old  of  1864,  and  Bedminster,  who 
was  reported  to  have  done  a  great  trial.  The  latter  was  therefore  made  a  favorite 
at  100  to  40,  Liddington  3  to  I,  Breadalbane  (brother  to  Blair  Athol)  5  to  i,  Zambesi 
10  to  i,  and  Kangaroo  25  to  i.  Grimshaw  was  on  the  French  colt  and  came  in  by 
a  narrow  margin,  two  necks  and  two  heads  being  all  that  separated  Gladiateur  from 
Breadalbane,  who  was  fifth.  The  finish  did  not  therefore  indicate  Gladiateur  to  be 
anything  great.  But  in  the  Derby  he  showed  his  true  caliber  for  he  was  "pocketed" 
in  all  the  early  stages  of  the  race  and  had  to  go  around  all  his  horses  before  reaching 
Tattenham  Corner,  winning  with  consummate  ease  from  Christmas  Carol  and  Eltham, 
whose  price  was  33  to  i,  which  made  people  say  it  was  "all  wrong"  and  "an  off  year" 
in  England.  The  French  spectators  kissed  one  another  in  their  delight  and  the  cry 
of  "Revanche  Pour  Waterloo"  was  heard  long  after  the  winning  jockey  had  weighed 
out  and  the  horse  had  been  led  away.  "When  Gladiateur  gallops,  the  other  horses  seem 
to  stand  still,"  said  a  London  paper,  the  next  day;  and  the  Prince  of  Wales  gave  a 
dinner  to  Comte  de  Lagrange,  at  which  Lord  Derby,  a  descendant  of  the  nobleman  for 
whom  the  great  Epsom  race  was  named,  made  the  speech  of  the  evening,  in  which 
he  warmly  congratulated  him  and  his  great  horse  and  assured  him  of  England's  kindly 
feelings  toward  himself  and  La  Belle  France. 

The  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  saw  a  good  field  assembled  to  meet  the  horse  with 
English  laurels  on  his  neck.  There  were  Gontran,  winner  of  the  French  Derby; 
Vertugadin,  brother  to  Vermont,  who  had  won  this  race  last  year,  beating  the  big 
and  bullocky  Blair  Athol  ;  Tourmalet,  winner  of  the  Poule  des  Produits  ;  Mandarin, 
winner  of  the  Prix  de  1'Empereur,  and  Todleben,  by  Muscovite,  the  only  English  horse 
in  the  race.  In  order  to  make  the  race  appear  exciting,  Grimshaw  had  orders  to 
hold  his  horse  back  until  the  straight  was  reached  and  then  set  sail  for  home.  The 
boy  obeyed  the  orders  faithfully  but  deafening  roars  went  up  when  they  saw  Gladiateur 
come  on  with  a  whirlwind  rush  and  mow  down  his  horses  till  he  finally  got  the 
lead  and  won  in  a  canter  by  two  lengths  from  Vertugadin,  Tourmalet  being  third 
and  Gontran  fourth.  The  greatest  horse  France  had  ever  seen  went  back  to  England 
about  a  week  later  but  took  no  part  in  the  Ascot  meeting.  He  came  out  at  Goodwood, 
however,  to  win  the  Drawing  Room  Stakes  by  forty  lengths,  in  all  but  a  walk  from 
his  old  antagonist  Longdown  ;  walked  over  for  the  Bentinck  Memorial  at  three  miles  ; 
went  back  to  France  again,  to  beat  Longdown  one  more,  "by  a  town  block"  for  the 
Newmarket  Derby,  after  that,  carried  off  the  St.  Leger  ;  and  finally  started  in  the 
Cambridgeshire  Handicap,  for  which  he  carried  138  pounds.  It  is  quite  unnecessary 
to  say  that  he  finished  "in  the  steerage." 

In  1866,  he  had  six  victories  without  a  defeat.  At  the  Newmarket  Spring  meeting 
he  w.  o.  for  both  the  Derby  Trial  and  the  Claret  Stakes;  then  went  back  to  Paris 
where  he  beat  Fumee  and  Vertugadin  sixty  yards  in  the  Prix  de  I'lmperatrice  and  La 


148  The  American   Thoroughbred 

Compe  by  ten  lengths  from  Le  Mandarin,  Gontran  and  Ronce ;  came  back  to  England 
to  win  the  Ascot  Cup  by  forty  lengths  from  Regalia  (Oaks  winner  of  the  previous 
year)  and  Breadalbane,  who  was  beaten  away  off.  My  mother  (now  four  years  dead) 
saw  that  race.  Gladiateur  was  very  sore  forward,  so  Jennings  told  Grimshaw  to  get 
him  down  that  hill  as  easily  as  possible.  "It  don't  matter  if  you're  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  behind  them,"  said  Tom,  "if  you  don't  break  him  down,  for  as  soon  as  he  touches 
the  flat,  he'll  devour  'em."  It  turned  out  just  as  the  shrewd  trainer  had  told  him. 
"Grim"  waited  and  waited  until  he  was  nearly  400  yards  to  the  bad  when  he  reached 
the  base  of  the  hill.  Count  Lagrange  and  Lord  Falmouth  sat  in  front  of  where  my 
parents  sat.  Lord  Falmouth  said : 

"He's  a  great  horse,  but  I  fear  that  Grimshaw  has  waited  too  long." 

"Cest  1'  instruction,  monsieur.     II  veut  gagne !"  replied  the  Count. 

"But  look  where  he  is — nearly  a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  the  rear,"  said  Boscawen. 

"N'importe,  mon  ami — II  veut  gagne." 

Just  then  Grimshaw  shifted  his  seat  and  rolled  the  bit  through  Gladiateur's  mouth 
and  he  tore  along  like  a  mad  horse,  on  a  stride  of  not  less  than  twenty-four  feet.  Inch 
by  inch  he  crawled  up  till  it  became  yard  and  yard.  He  overhauled  the  fast-fading 
Breadalbane  and  then  picked  up  the  mare  about  300  yards  from  home,  winning  in  a 
common  canter  by  forty  lengths.  If  the  French  were  glad  of  his  Derby  victory,  they 
were  now  absolutely  frantic.  With  over  40,000  people  on  the  track,  less  than  one-tenth 
that  number  of  Frenchmen  furnished  the  noise  for  the  entire  crowd.  One  week  from 
that  day,  while  riding  along  the  Newmarket  road  with  a  friend  in  a  dog  cart,  Harry 
Grimshaw,  as  honest  a  lad  as  ever  sat  upon  a  horse,  was  thrown  out  and  broke  his 
neck.  George  Pratt  was  then  selected  to  ride  Gladiateur  in  what  was  destined  to 
be  his  last  race.  He  was  taken  back  to  Paris,  where  he  won  the  Grand  Prix  de 
1'Empereur  (now  called  the  Prix  Gladiateur)  which  he  won  in  hollow  style  from  a 
good  field,  Vertugadin  being  second  again.  I  have  heard  he  carried  153  pounds  in 
this  but  cannot  write  understandingly  as  I  have  never  seen  any  printed  details  of  the 
race.  He  then  retired  to  the  stud  and  was  a  flat  failure,  getting  no  really  good  per- 
formers and  only  one  sire — Grandmaster,  sent  to  Australia — of  whom  I  will  speak  at 
length  in  another  department  of  this  work. 

"The  triple  crown"  of  England  has  been  won  nine  times.  My  own  belief  is  that 
Ormonde,  who  died  in  this  State,  last  spring,  was  the  best  of  the  nine,  with  Gladiateur 
and  Isinglass  about  tied  for  second  place ;  and  Rock  Sand,  Lord  Lyon  and  Diamond 
Jubilee  at  the  foot  of  the  class.  Gladiateur  was  certainly  a  better  horse  than  West 
Australian,  the  first  horse  to  achieve  the  triple  feat :  West  Australian,  at  four  years, 
carried  117  pounds,  and  beat  Kingston,  5  years,  126  pounds,  and  Rataplan,  4  years, 
117  pounds,  for  the  Ascot  Cup  of  1854.  Under  the  present  scale  of  weights,  West 
Australian  and  Rataplan  would  have  had  to  carry  126  on  each  and  Kingston  131,  which 
would  have  given  him  the  race  beyond  doubt.  Contrast  this  with  Gladiateur's  defeat 
(at  122  pounds  for  himself  and  Breadalbane  and  119  for  the  mare)  of  his  rivals  at 
Ascot,  in  which  he  outran  them  a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  the  last  ten  furlongs  and  I 
don't  think  "the  West"  makes  any  show  whatever  against  the  galloping  machine  from 
France.  At  the  outbreak  (or  shortly  afterwards)  of  the  Franco-Prussian  war,  Comte 
de  Lagrange  sold  all  his  horses ;  and  Gladiateur  became  the  property  of  Mr.  Blenkiron 
for  5,800  guineas,  to  be  resold,  two  years  later  to  Mr.  Harcourt  for  7,000  guineas,  when 
Blair  Athol  brought  12,500  guineas  and  Breadalbane  about  half  that  sum.  You  want 
to  read  some  articles  contributed  by  Lord  Suffolk  to  the  Badminton  Library  concern- 
ing Gladiateur ;  and  you  will  readily  understand  how  it  was  that  he  "donkeylicked" 
all  the  best  horses  of  his  day  and  generation.  Gladiateur  was  by  long  odds  the  best 
horse  ever  foaled  in  France.  No  matter  what  horse  was  second,  the  son  of  Monarque 
was  indisputably  first.  It  is  worthy  of  remark  that  several  of  his  French  competitors 


'The  French  thoroughbred 

completely  surpassed  him  at  the  stud  and  this  is  especially  true  of  Vertugadin,  while 
Gontran,  Le  Mandarin  and  Tourmalet,  if  no  better  as  sires,  certainly  could  not  have 
been  so  very  much  worse.  Grandmaster  was  the  only  son  of  Gladiateur  for  whom  I 
would  give  $200,  and  he  did  not  resemble  his  sire  in  any  particular. 

It  seems  to  me  that  the  French  are  outbreeding  the  English  in  some  directions, 
more  especially  in  the  way  of  long-distance  races.  You  go  to  Longchamps  and  you  will 
see,  each  day,  at  least  three  races  above  one  mile  out  of  the  six  or  seven  on  the 
card  of  the  day.  In  England  you  hardly  ever  see  two  in  one  day  at  distances  above 
one  mile,  while  in  America  we  are  living  in  the  reign  of  the  sprinter.  Again  in  the 
matter  of  horses  of  the  Herod  male  line  they  are  as  far  ahead  of  us  as  we  are  ahead  of 
England.  I  spent  three  months  in  England  in  1901  and  did  not  hear  of  nor  see  a 
Herod  horse  that  could  command  a  fee  of  five  guineas.  In  France  I  saw  only  Le 
Sancy,  a  gray  horse  sixteen  years  old,  bred  from  the  male  line  of  Pantaloon,  through 
Windhound,  Thormanby,  and  Atlantic  (winner  of  the  2000  guineas)  that  was  a  fine 
horse  in  any  country.  He  had  the  best  legs  and  feet  I  ever  saw  under  a  horse  of  his 
age,  and  his  daughter,  Semendria,  had  won  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  a  few  weeks  be- 
fore I  arrived  there. 

The  fact  that  the  French  have  won  six  Ascot  Gold  Cups  and  three  Alexandra 
Plates  in  the  last  forty  years,  is  not  without  its  significance.  Besides  the  highest  weight 
ever  carried  to  victory  in  an  Alexandra  Plate  (three  miles)  was  by  Trocadero,  he  by 
Monarque  (sire  of  Gladiateur)  out  of  Antonia  by  Epirus,  from  the  Ward  of  Cheap 
by  Glaucus.  Monarque  got  Henry,  who  won  the  Ascot  Cup  of  18725  and  Gladiateur, 
who  won  it  in  such  sensational  style  that  it  was  a  fruitful  source  of  conversation  for 
the  next  ten  years.  The  following  French-bred  horses  have  won  the  four  oldest  es- 
tablished cups  in  England : 

THE  ASCOT  CUP. 

1866     Gladiateur    4  years  122  Ibs 

1871  Mortemer    6  years  131  Ibs 

1872  Henry    4  years  122  Ibs 

1874     Boiard    4  years  122  Ibs 

1878     Verneuil    4  years  122  Ibs 

1898     Elf    2nd    4  years  126  Ibs 

THE  GOODWOOD  CUP. 

1804  Beggarman    5  years  117  Ibs 

1853  Jouvence     3  years  79  Ibs 

1855  Baroncino    3  years  83  Ibs 

1857  Monarque   5  years  121  Ibs 

1864  Dollar   4  years  126  Ibs 

1873  Flageolet   3  years  105  Ibs 

THE  DONCASTER  CUP. 

1870     Sornette    3  years  98  Ibs 

Louis  d'Or  / 7  miles  126  Ibs 

THE  ROYAL  VASE. 

1852    Leopold     3  years  97  Ibs 

1878    Verneuil    4  years  122  Ibs 


150  T'be  American   Thoroughbred 

The  Ascot  and  Goodwood  Cups  are  two  and  one-half  miles  each ;  the  Doncaster 
Cup,  originally  four  miles,  was  reduced  to  .three,  then  to  two  and  a  quarter,  and  is 
now  two  miles ;  and  the  Queen's  Vase  at  Ascot  is  two  and  one-quarter  miles. 

The  French  horses  that  won  the  Cesarewitch  and  Cambridgeshire  were  as  given 
below : 

CESAREWITCH,  2J4  MILES. 

1872     Salvanos     3  years  77  Ibs 

Plaisanterie    3  years  109  Ibs 

Tenebreuse     4  years  108  Ibs 


THE  CAMBRIDGESHIRE,  i%  MILES. 

1861     Palestro    3  years  100  Ibs 

1873  Montargis     4  years  1 1 1  Ibs 

1874  Peut   Etre    3  years  97  Ibs 

1876    Jongleur    '. 4  years  109  Ibs 

1883     Plaisanterie    4  years  123  Ibs 

The  colt  Chamant  (full  brother  to  Apremont,  sent  to  Australia,  and  half-brother 
to  Rayon  d'Or,  St.  Leger  winner  of  1879)  was  the  only  French  colt  to  win  the  Two 
Thousand  aside  from  Gladiateur,  the  latter  being  the  only  one  to  win  the  Derby  and 
the  only  one,  save  Rayon  d'Or,  to  win  the  St.  Leger.  The  Oaks  was  won  in  1864 
by  Fille  de  1'Air,  in  1872,  by  Reine  in  1876  by  Enguerrande  and  in  1897  by  Limasol, 
a  daughter  of  Poulet. 

Since  the  above  was  in  type  the  great  English  filly.  Pretty  Polly,  winner  of  four- 
teen straight  races  at  three  years  old,  has  been  defeated  on  French  soil  by  a  French- 
bred  colt,  a  son  of  Reuil,  who  was  by  Energy,  a  son  of  the  great  Sterling.  This  race 
was  for  the  Prix  de  Conseil  Municipale,  an  event  at  weight  for  age  which  is  run  at  one 
and  one-half  miles;  and  which  was  won  in  1901  by  Kilmarnock,  an  American-bred 
horse  owned  by  Hon.  William  C.  Whitney,  of  ever-blessed  memory.  Whether  the  hith- 
erto unbeaten  daughter  of  Gallinule  was  amiss  on  that  day,  will  never  be  known.  If 
she  was,  her  trainer  was  certainly  not  aware  of  the  fact.  It  is  possible  that  she  had 
not  recovered  fully  from  the  voyage  across  the  channel,  but  the  interesting  fact  is  that 
she  finished  in  front  of  a  dozen  horses  that  had  previously  beaten  the  clever  little 
French  horse  that  beat  her.  The  trainer  said  he  had  no  excuses  to  offer  for  the  mare's 
defeat;  and,  as  he  is  a  man  of  excellent  reputation  in  a  general  way,  the  race  can  only 
be  regarded  as  one  of  those  miracles  that  occur  at  intervals  like  Vermout's  defeat  of 
Blair  Athol  or  Caractacus'  finish  ahead  of  The  Marquis  in  the  Derby  of  1862.  Very 
much  depends,  both  in  Europe  and  America,  on  the  way  in  which  the  race  is  run. 

I  still  believe  that,  when  it  comes  down  to  a  regeneration  of  the  British  thorough- 
bred horse  by  introduction  of  Herod  blood  (for  they  have  not  got  a  Herod  horse  in 
the  whole  United  Kingdom  that  is  worth  one  hundred  dollars)  they  will  prefer  to 
send  to  France  for  it.  Mr.  Allison  has  already  sounded  the  key-note  by  his  importa- 
tion of  Pastisson,  a  descendant  of  the  Flying  Dutchman,  who  was,  in  my  belief,  the 
best  Herod  horse  ever  foaled.  And  yet  I  am  equally  strong  in  the  opinion  that  Ham- 
burg, son  of  Hanover,  is  the  best  sire  from  the  line  of  the  Byerly  Turk  that  stands 
upon  the  green  earth. 


PART    VI. 

The  Austro-Hungarian  Thoroughbred 


Oft  hid  won  the  palm  of  glory, 
Fleeting  far  before  the  rest; 

Oft  bis  heels  bad  told  the  story 

That  brave  Kisber  has  the  best. 


The  ^ustro"  Hungarian 

Thoroughbred 


The  Empire  of  Austria,  with  Hungary  attached  thereto  since  1849,  must  bear 
about  the  same  relation  to  England  as  California  does  to  the  Atlantic  seaboard,  being 
a  much  warmer  and  drier  climate,  thereby  enabling  horses  to  acquire  as  much  growth 
and  substance  at  twenty  months  as  the  English  colt  does  in  twenty-four,  with  better 
lung-power.  The  Hungarians  have  been  using  the  thoroughbred  sire  for  their  cavalry 
horses  for  nearly  a  century,  but  breeding  for  the  turf,  as  a  natural  consequence  of  the 
establishment  of  race-courses  at  Vienna,  Buda-Pesth,  Warsaw  and  Prague,  is  of 
comparatively  recent  origin.  For  while  fifty  years  may  be  a  long  time  in  the  life  of 
the  individual  man,  it  is  a  short  one  in  the  history  of  a  nation.  The  first  intimation 
I  ever  had  that  they  had  racing  in  that  part  of  the  world  was  from  the  late  Mr. 
Richard  Ten  Broeck  in  1862,  when  I  wrote  him  in  behalf  of  William  M.  Williamson, 
of  San  Jose,  to  know  if  Starke,  who  had  won  the  Goodwood  Cup  and  Bentinck  Me- 
morial of  the  year  previous,  was  for  sale  and,  if  so,  at  what  price  ?  In  reply  I  received 
a  letter  accompanied  by  a  lithographic  portrait  of  Starke  with  Fordham  in  the  saddle 
and  Ben  Pryor  holding  him  by  the  bridle ;  and  in  that  letter  he  informed  me  that 
Starke  (by  Wagner-Reel)  had  broken  down  and  he  had  sold  him  for  $8,000  to  the 
Austrian  Government.  Several  years  later,  I  heard  that  a  Derby  race  had  been  inaug- 
urated at  Vienna,  subject  to  the  same  conditions  as  the  English  event  of  the  same 
name ;  and  that  it  had  been  won  by  a  horse  called  Wissenrahd  and  that  the  American 
stallion,  Starke,  was  his  sire. 

Since  then  the  Hungarians  and  Austrians  have  been  big  buyers  of  English  horses 
at  the  Tattersall  sales,  every  year,  and  have  occasionally  secured  big  bargains  by  taking 
what  the  English  doctrinaires  have  rejected,  a  good  deal  in  the  same  way  as  the 
Australians  secured  Panic  and  Fisherman,  and  the  Americans  got  hold  of  grand  old 
Leamington.  In  this  way  they  managed  to  pick  up  two  great  sires : 

BUCCANEER,  foaled  in  1857,  by  Wild  Dayrell  (Derby  1855)  out  of  Cruiser's  dam 
by  Little  Red  Rover  (2nd  in  Derby  1830)  from  Eclat  by  Edmond,  son  of  Orville. 

CAMBUSCAN,  b.  h.  1861,  by  Newminster,  out  of  The  Arrow  by  Slane  (son  of  Royal 
Oak)  from  South  Down  (dam  of  Alarm,  winner  of  Cambridgeshire  and  Ascot  Cup)  by 
Defence,  son  of  the  great  Whalebone. 

I  don't  know  what  other  prominent  horses  they  bought  from  time  to  time  from 
the  English  and  the  French,  but  I  do  know  that  they  got  two  good  ones  in  the  stallions 
just  above  mentioned.  Buccaneer,  who  was  a  rank  "quitter"  but  with  the  speed  of  a 


The  American   Thoroughbred 

hurricane,  got  two  winners  of  the  Oaks,  in  Formosa  and  Brigantine,  before  his  ex- 
patriation, but  there  were  greater  honors  hr  store  for  him.  The  owner  of  Mineral, 
by  Rataplan,  had  sold  her  to  Hungary  just  after  she  weaned  her  colt  by  Lord  Clifden, 
called  Wenlock,  who  afterwards  defeated  the  great  Prince  Charlie  in  the  St.  Leger. 
Mineral  was  mated  with  Buccaneer  and  the  result  was  Kisber,  who  won  the  Epsom 
Derby  and  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  in  1876;  and  he  was  rated  to  be  from  7  to  10 
pounds  better  than  Petrarch  (by  Lord  Clifden — Laura  by  Orlando)  who  not  only  won 
the  Two  Thousand  Guineas  and  St.  Leger  of  that  year  but  annexed  the  Ascot  Gold 
Cup  in  the  year  following.  Kisber  got  a  great  many  good  horses  during  the  one 
season  he  made  in  England,  among  them  the  mare  Fairy  Rose  which  was  imported  to 
California  by  the  late  Hon.  Leland  Stanford ;  and  which  produced  Racine,  winner  of 
the  Oakwood  Handicap  at  Chicago  in  1891  (about  the  best  race  of  that  whole  year) 
and  Fairy,  winner  of  twenty  odd  races,  including  the  Palisade  Stakes  at  Morris  Park. 
Fairy  produced  Indian  Fairy  by  Iroquois,  she  being  a  winner  of  the  Matron  Stakes  at 
Morris  Park.  As  a  proof  of  the  excellence  of  Fairy  Rose.  I  would  state  that  both 
Racine  and  Fairy  were  by  very  inferior  stallions,  barely  out  of  the  third  class.  Kisber 
was  best  on  his  native  heath  for  he  headed  the  list  of  sires  in  Austro-Hungary  in 
1889,  1890,  1891  and  1893,  one  of  his  sons  being  second  to  him  in  1891  and  third  to  him 
in  1893 ;  and  that  two  other  sons  were  ninth  and  twelfth  in  1892.  This,  I  think,  shows 
Kisber  to  have  been  a  stallion  of  exceptional  merit  and  far  better  than  his  half-brother, 
Wenlock,  although  the  latter  horse  and  Hampton  are  the  only  two  stallions  since  1880 
to  get  the  dams  of  two  Derby  winners.  Kisber  got  Crafton,  who  ran  second  to  Paradox 
in  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas  and  beat  him  afterwards  at  longer  distances.  Buccaneer, 
the  sire  of  Kisber,  also  got  lolanta,  who  is  found  in  California  pedigrees  as  the  grand 
dam  of  the  excellent  little  racehorse  Indio  (by  imported  Maxim)  who  has  gotten  several 
good  ones,  including  Hurstbourne,  one  of  the  best  second-class  horses  in  America. 

CAMBUSCAN  was  a  speed  marvel  at  two  years  old  and  won  the  July  Stakes  of 
1863  at  Newmarket  in  such  impressive  style  as  to  make  him  divide  public  sentiment 
with  General  Peel  and  Scottish  Chief  for  the  mid-winter  betting  on  the  Derby  of  1864, 
which  was  won  by  the  big  and  bullocky  Blair  Athol,  with  the  two  above  horses  placed 
and  the  wonderful  Cambuscan  nowhere.  Cambuscan  got  some  good  broodmares  and 
he  also  got  Onslow,  a  horse  good  enough  at  two  years  to  beat  Cremorne,  who  was  then 
at  his  best  and  who  won  the  Derby,  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  and  Ascot  Cup  in  the  next 
two  years. 

CAMBUSCAN  was  sold  to  Hungary  about  his  twelfth  year  and  there  he  got  a  mare 
whose  performances  are,  in  one  sense,  without  a  parallel.  Her  name  was  Kincsem, 
named  after  the  place  where  she  was  foaled ;  and  she  was  by  Cambuscan  out  of  Water 
Nymph  by  Cotswold  (son  of  Sir  Hercules)  from  Mermaid  by  Melbourne.  Kincsem 
was  raced  three  seasons,  starting  54  times  and  winning  every  race  she  went  for!  Her 
best  performance  was  winning  the  Goodwood  Cup  of  1878,  from  Pageant  and  Lady 
Golightly,  the  latter  of  whom  was  conceding  Kincsem  seven  pounds ;  and  eleven  others 
were  unplaced  which  does  not  argue  a  great  deal,  for  Pageant,  a  five-year-old,  was 
carrying  121  pounds  to  Kincsem's  109.  Of  course,  it  sounds  very  loud  to  say  that  a 
filly  won  54  straight  races,  but  Kincsem  never  met  any  such  class  as  did  old  Rataplan, 
who  won  42  races  out  of  71;  or  Alice  Hawthorn,  who  won  50^2  out  of  68;  or  the  in- 
comparable Beeswing,  who  won  52  out  of  63.  In  but  few  of  her  races  did  Kincsem 
ever  carry  over  115  pounds,  while  Beeswing  and  Alice  each  carried  from  126  to  129 
on  a  dozen  occasions.  It  was  impossible  to  imagine  a  mare  less  fashionably  bred  than 
Kincsem,  yet  she  was  a  marvelous  galloper  like  Robert  the  Devil,  who  was  also  of 
decidedly  plebeian  lineage.  Cambuscan  was  of  a  fairly  good  family,  but  not  great. 
He  got  the  famous  matron,  Idalia,  before  leaving  England  for  the  land  of  the  Magyars ; 
and  she  produced  five  great  sons  in  Sir  Modred,  Cheviot,  Betrayer,  Idalium  and  July. 
Idalium,  who  died  in  California,  was  a  good-looking  horse  but  the  poorest  of  the  lot,. 


The  Austro- Hungarian  'Thoroughbred  755 

whether  considered  as  a  performer  or  a  sire.  July  occasionally  got  a  good  one.  Be- 
trayer got  Grip,  who  won  the  Canterbury  Cup,  and  the  same  race  was  won  by  Sir 
Modred  and  by  Cheviot  also. 

DONCASTER,  by  Stockwell,  won  the  Derby  at  three  and  ran  second  to  his  stable  mate, 
Marie  Stuart,  in  the  St.  Leger.  He  made  three  seasons  in  England  and  was  then  sold 
for  £13,000  to  go  to  Austria,  where  he  was  placed  under  the  charge  of  Count  Lehn- 
dorff,  justly  considered  the  greatest  breeding  authority  in  continental  Europe.  He  got 
some  good  horses  in  his  new  home,  but  nothing  to  compare  with  Bend  d'Or,  Muncaster 
or  even  Town  Moor..  Two  of  his  sons,  Derwentwater  and  Rossington — the  latter  a 
full  brother  to  that  good  filly,  Farewell,  who  also  won  the  One  Thousand  Guineas, 
were  imported  to  America.  I  consider  Derwentwater  much  the  best  sire  of  the  two, 
though  his  opportunities  have  been  very  limited,  because  he  gets  good  fillies  which  is 
not  true  of  every  sire,  however  good.  Doncaster  was  a  horse  of  great  size  and  substance, 
resembling  Stockwell  more  in  that  respect  than  other  of  his  sons  excepting,  possibly, 
Thunderbolt. 

That  they  breed  good  horses  in  Austro-Hungary  may  be  inferred  from  the  fact 
that  Matchbox,  who  ran  second  to  Ladas  in  the  Derby  of  1894,  was  sold  for  12,000 
guinea's  with  a  further  contingency  of  one  thousand  guineas,  if  he  should  win  the 
Grand  Prix  de  Paris  for  which  Ladas  had  not  been  nominated.  He  made  the  passage 
across  the  channel  without  the  usual  sea  sickness  which  so  often  attacks  horses  on 
that  voyage ;  and  was  reported  to  be  in  first-class  condition  on  the  day  of  the  race. 
His  price  at  starting  in  a  field  of  eleven  was  5  to  6,  and  the  reader  may  judge  of  the 
consternation  which  pervaded  his  backers  when  they  saw  the  Hungarian-bred  colt 
Dolma  Baghtske,  who  started  at  30  to  i,  with  but  few  takers,  coming  with  a  whirlwind 
rush  in  the  homestretch  and  winning  by  a  neck  from  the  heavily-played  favorite. 
Dolma  Baghtske  was  by  Krakatoa,  son  of  Thunderbolt,  who  was  the  fastest  horse  that 
the  great  Stockwell  ever  got. 

The  brothers  De  Reske,  famous  as  opera  singers,  are  extensive  breeders  in  Hungary 
and  have  a  very  beautifully  kept  farm  of  their  own.  They  won  the  Austrian  Derby  at 
Vienna  three  times  in  five  seasons  and  with  horses  of  their  own  breeding  at  that.  The 
famous  old  Prince  Batthyany  was  a  Hungarian  nobleman  whose  estates  were  con- 
fiscated by  the  Austrian  crown  at  the  close  of  the  Magyar  rebellion  of  1848.  He  went 
to  England  to  reside  and  was  a  most  devoted  patron  of  the  turf.  He  won  the  Derby 
of  1875  with  Galopin,  whose  fame  as  a  sire  is  as  wide  as  the  world  itself;  and  fell 
dead  from  excitement  on  the  course  at  Newmarket,  on  seeing  the  Two  Thousand 
Guineas  of  1883  won  by  Galliard,  son  of  Galopin,  running  in  the  colors  of  that  mar- 
velously  successful  breeder,  Lord  Falmouth. 

Among  stallions  imported  from  England  after  the  confiscation  of  Prince  Batthy- 
any's  estates,  were  Chief  Justice,  Tupgill,  Revolver,  Grapeshot  and  Wilsford.  In  1860 
these  were  augmented  by  another  importation  of  five  stallions,  Clincher,  Oakball, 
Valois,  Amati  and,  last  but  not  least,  Fernhill  (winner  of  the  Great  Metropolitan) 
by  Ascot-Arethusa,  dam  of  Traducer.  In  1864  came  the  Derby  winner  Teddington, 
Ostreger  (by  Stockwell)  and  that  good  French  horse,  Bois-Roussel.  In  1867  came 
the  universal  amnesty  and  the  Government  paid  $850,000  to  the  heirs  of  Casimir  Batt- 
hyany for  his  vast  estate  called  Kisber,  together  with  the  horses1  thereon.  In  1879  the 
Government  purchased  Verneuil,  the  only  horse  to  win  the  Alexandra  Plate,  Queen's 
Vase  and  Ascot  Cup  in  the  same  week.  Sweetbread,  Doncaster,  Goodfellow  (by  Bar- 
caldine)  and  Ruperra  were  added  in  a  year  or  two  later.  Then  came  Sturminster  by 
Exning,  Mount  Gifford  by  Lord  Hastings,  Persistive  by  Fitz  James,  Balvaran  by 
Uncas-Lady  Grace,  Matchbox  by  St.  Simon  out  of  Match  Girl.  Several  valuable  im- 
portations have  recently  been  made  and  in  1900  the  fifteen  highest  priced  stallions  were 
as  follows : 


156  The  American   Thoroughbred 

Bona  Vista,  by  Ben  d'Or — Vista  by  Macaroni. 

Dunure,  by  St.  Simon — Sunrise. 

Gunnersbury,  by  Hermit — Hippia  by  King  Tom. 

Primas  II.,  by  Doncaster — Budagyonge    (native). 

Fenek,  by  Buccaneer — Helen  Triomphante. 

Bro.  to  Kisber,  by  Buccaneer — Mineral  by  Rataplan. 

Galaor,  by  Insomnia — Fidelene   (native). 

Filou,  by  Gunnersbury — Fidget   (native). 

Moutbar,  by  Buccaneer — Duhart    (native). 

Kozma,  by  Balvany — Kesboske  (native). 

Culloden,  by  Doncaster — Caledonia. 

Guerier,  by  Galopin — St.  Kilda. 

Gamache,  by  Galopin — Red  Hot. 

Deutscher  Michel  II.,  by  Deutscher  Michel  I. — Furiosa. 

Newsmonger,  by  Saraband — Scandal.  * 

Gaga,  by  Galopin — Red  Hot. 

Gaga  is  ow,ged  by  Count  Elemer  Batthyany,  nephew  of  Count  Casimir.  He  won 
the  Derby  at  A£0iaMe  and  in  1900  his  son  Arulo  won  the  same  race.  The  brother  to 
Gaga,  Gamache,  does  not  appear  to  have  done  so  well. 

Prince  Louis  Esterhazy  is  the  Austrian  military  attache  to  the  Embassy  in  London 
and  Mr.  Allison  gives  a  list  of  the  mares  selected  by  him  for  the  Royal  Austrian  Stud 
in  the  past  fifteen  years. 

DATE  NAME  SIRE 

1889    Red  Hot    Isonomy 

Bel  Esperanza   Beauclere 

"       Thorgunna    Ben  d'Or 

Response    Queen's   Messeng'r 

"        Saxon  Queen   Sir  Bevys 

1894     Shall    We    Remember Isonomy 

St.  Kilda   Macheath 

Our  Mary   Charibert 

"       Gladia    Robert    the    Devil 

Summit Isonomy 

1896  Alicia Beau  Brummel 

1897  Isabelle  Peter 

Adornment    Satiety 

Petrel    Peter 

"        Short  Under Saraband 

Creeping  Jenny   Mask 

"       Camiola    Sterling 

"       Glengowan  Wisdom 

"       Elspeth    Rosebery 

1898  Blissful   Barcaldine 

Mint  o'  Money    Barcaldine 

"       Dereen    Tibthorpe 

"       Diva    Autocrat 

"       Crownthorpe  Wisdom 

The  foregoing  facts  are  gleaned  from  "Breeding  on  the  Continent,''  a  paper  con- 
tributed by  Count  Lehndorff  to  Mr.  Allison's  book;  and  my  only  regret  is  that  I  could 


The  Austro-Hungarian  thoroughbred  757 

not  have  had  the  space  to  permit  its  publication  entire.  The  breeders  of  Austria  and 
Hungary  are  given  a  degree  of  assistance  by  the  Government  which  is  wholly  lack- 
ing in  America  and  England.  Some  day  the  American  people  will  awaken  to  the 
necessity  of  national  breeding  farms  for  cavalry  remounts. 

I  have  pondered  so  much  on  this  matter  of  breeding  cavalry  horses  by  the  Federal 
Government,  and  upon  its  general  importance  to  the  nation  at  large,  that  I  actually 
sent  an  advance  proof  sheet  of  the  chapter  relating  to  that  subject  to  the  President  of 
the  United  States  about  a  month  ago.  Mr.  Roosevelt  has  been  a  cavalry  officer  in 
the  national  armies  himself,  and  although  I  never  saw  him  but  once  and  have  no  per- 
sonal acquaintance  with  him  whatever,  I  am  confident  he  will  give  the  subject  the  bene- 
fit of  a  thorough  reading  and  a  mature  consideration,  whenever  he  can  get  around  to 
it.  Just  at  present,  he  is  like  his  sylphlike  predecessor,  Mr.  Cleveland,  and  "has  a 
Congress  on  his  hands,"  after  which  he  may  find  time  to  look  it  up  at  his  leisure.  That 
he  will  take  some  definite  step  in  that  direction,  on  however  a  small  scale,  I  am  con- 
fident for  he  is  a  fine  rider  and  naturally  has  a  deeply-rooted  love  for  a  good  horse. 
He  can  thank  his  life  in  the  saddle,  in  the  wilds  of  Montana,  for  the  glow  of  ruddy 
health  which  pervades  his  expressive  countenance ;  and  I  have  no  fear  but  that 
the  subject  will  receive  a  fair  consideration  at  the  proper  time. 


PART  VII. 

The  Australian  Thoroughbred 


'•''And  some  would  fight  for  their  country  and  queen. 

If  but  half  a  chance  they  had', 
'  T  would  be  but  a  sorry  world,  I  ween. 

If  we  all  went  galloping-mad" 

— KENDALL. 


The  Australian  Thoroughbred 


Here  now  is  something  of  similar  origin  to  the  thoroughbred  horse  of  America 
and  England,  yet  totally  different  in  appearance  and  character.  My  kind  old  employer, 
Harvey  W.  Scott,  of  the  Portland  Oregonian — a  long  way  the  best  edited  newspaper 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  by  the  way — said  to  me  one  day,  "Tom,  we're  living  in  a  world 
where  the  next  thing  is  something  else."  He  said  it  in  a  half  jocular  way,  but  there 
was  in  it  an  awful  lot  of  food  for  reflection. 

The  Australian  thoroughbred  differs  from  his  British  congener  more  in  substance 
than  in  size.  Mr.  R.  E.  de  B.  Lopez  and  I  were  at  Mr.  Hobart's  San  Mateo  farm 
one  day  about  fourteen  years  ago,  looking  over  his  stallion  Stamboul,  who  had  more 
quality  than  any  trotting-bred  sire  I  can  remember  to  have  seen. 

"And  you  tell  me  that  horse  has  iio  thoroughbred  blood  in  him?"  queried  Mr.  L. 

"None  that  I  have  been  able  to  fijld,'    was  my  answer. 

"Well,  said  Mr.  Lopez,  "you  couicroirn  that  horse  into  a  field  of  fifty  thoroughbred 
stallions  that  you  and  I  both  have  seen ;  and  you  could  take  the  average  Australian 
into  that  field  and  tell  him  there  was  one  stud  horse  there  that  was  not  thoroughbred 
and  it  is  dollars  to  doughnuts,  as  you  Americans  would  say,  that  he  would  pick  out 
forty  others  before  alighting  on  this  chap." 

The  Sage  of  Pleasanton  spoke  truly.  The  Australian  thoroughbred  is,  in  most 
cases,  a  heavier  and  coarser  animal  than  the  British  thoroughbred  or  his  American 
congener.  I  know  of  but  two  American  horses  being  taken  to  that  country  for  stud 
purposes — Washington,  by  Timoleon,  in  1824,  and  Gilead,  by  St.  Saviour  (son  of 
Eolus)  in  1897  or  '98.  Less  than  a  dozen  French  horses  have  been  taken  to  those 
colonies — Royallieu  (4th  in  Thormanby's  Derby),  Reugny  and  Apremont,  the  last 
two  to  New  Zealand.  These  are  about  all  I  can  remember  off-hand.  Abercorn,  the 
handsomest  big  horse  I  ever  saw,  by  the  by ;  Trenton,  now  at  Cobham  in  Surrey ;  and 
Merman,  Mrs.  Langtry's  marvellous  handicap  horse,  are  the  exceptions  most  definitely 
mirrored  "in  my  mind's  eye,  Horatio."  But  for  all  these  effects  there  must  be  an 
origin  and  a  well-explained  cause. 

The  blackest  spot  in  all  England's  escutcheon  is  the  early  history  of  her  Australian 
colonies.  The  cruelties  which  are  told  in  Marcus  Clarke's  famous  book,  "For  His 
Natural  Life"  (the  strongest  novel  since  Victor  Hugo's  "Les  Miserables,"  by  the  way) 
are  told  with  less  exaggeration  than  most  readers  might  imagine.  If  they  were  not  true, 
why  did  the  Government,  in  1887,  send  out  a  secret  agent  to  Australia  and  Tasmania 
to  destroy  all  records  concerning  the  transportation  of  criminals  to  that  country  and 
everything  having  a  bearing  on  their  histories  as  penal  colonies?  It  was  the  estab- 
lishment of  penal  colonies  at  Hobart  and  Sydney  (and  worst  of  all,  at  Norfolk  Island) 
that  demanded  a  thoroughbred  horse  of  different  texture  and  pattern  from  what  we 
now  see  upon  our  modern  courses. 

The  penal  settlement  at  Hobart  was  established  about  1792,  that  at  Sydney  two 
years  later  and  the  "hell  upon  earth"  at  Norfolk  Island  about  1800.  The  convicts  at 


162  T'be  American   Thoroughbred 

Sydney  hewed  down  red  gum  trees  (eucalyptus)  and  cut  them  into  heavy  plank  for 
transportation  to  England.  The  ship  that  brought  out  a  load  of  convicts  took  back 
a  load  of  timber  and  these  ships  arrived  about  every  four  months.  Boys  who  had 
committed  the  most  trifling  offenses,  such  as  would  now  send  them  to  a  House  of 
Correction  for  about  ten  days,  were  put  aboard  these  convict  ships  and  sent  out  to 
Australia  in  the  company  of  murderers,  thieves  and  firebugs ;  in  fact,  the  worst 
criminals  that  could  be  found  in  Shoreditch,  Wapping  or  Whitechapel.  Some  few  with- 
stood the  temptation  but  most  of  the  lads  soon  rivaled  the  older  villains  in  their  ras- 
cality. The  few  that  behaved  well  were  let  out  on  ticket-of-leave  and  tried  to  make 
good  citizens  of  themselves.  But  the  majority  were  devils  and  "shapes'  hot  from 
Tartarus." 

The  few  decent  and  honest  men  who  had  gone  to  farming  on  the  Parametta  and 
other  streams  (for  Hume  and  Hoddle  had  not  yet  discovered  the  Murray)  soon  found 
there  was  danger  in  being  sober  and  honest.  They  could  not  travel  through  the  dense 
woods  of  New  South  Wales  or  Van  Diemen's  Land  (as  Tasmania  was  then  called) 
without  being  attacked  either  by  treacherous  savages  with  boomerangs  and  spears,  or 
by  white  bushrangers  who  had  escaped  from  the  penal  stockades  and  would  hesitate 
at  nothing  in  the  way  of  brutality.  To  show  the  desperate  straits  to  which  they  had 
been  driven  (owing  to  the  way  that  their  officers  had  sold  provisions  intended  for  feed- 
ing the  prisoners  and  pocketed  the  proceeds),  I  will  mention  that  six  convicts  stole 
a  bulldog  belonging  to  one  of  the  keepers  and  decoyed  him  out  to  about  where  the 
Haymarket  now  stands.  There  they  killed  him  and  ate  him.  The  keepers  came  upon 
them  while  they  were  picking  the  bones  and,  six  days  later,  every  one  of  these  poor 
devils  ended  his  days  on  the  gallows.  Is  it  any,  wonder  then  that,  under  the  charge 
of  such  a  monster  as  Major  Merton  Fouveaux  (who  figures  in  Marcus  Clarke's  book 
as  Capt.  Maurice  Frere,")  these  convicts  became  as  savage  as  bears  and  hesitated  at 
no  crime  known  to  mortal  man.  All  this  is  explanatory  but  to  my  idea  necessary. 

Those  colonists  who  had  money  enough  to  send  to  England  for  horses,  did  so? 
but  many  of  the  poorer  ones  contented  themselves  with  the  purchase  of  Arabians 
which  began  to  be  shipped  in  from  Ceylon  and  sold  for  £12  to  £25.  But  while  the 
Americans  were  importing  such  worthless  Derby  winners  as  Archduke,  Lapdog  and 
horses  of  that  stripe,  the  Australians  imported  a  totally  different  type  of  horses,  se- 
lected in  England  wholly  with  a  view  to  endurance  and  carrying  weight,  with  speed 
as  a  third-rate  consideration.  One  of  their  earliest  importations  was  Toss,  by  Bourbon 
(son  of  Sorcerer  and  sire  of  that  great  mare,  Fleur  de  Lis)  out  of  Tramp's  dam  by 
Gohanna.  They  imported  five  sons  of  Melbourne,  the  heaviest-boned  horse  in  Eng- 
land or  anywhere  else.  Collingwood,  by  Sheet  Anchor  out  of  Kalmia  by  Magistrate, 
won  the  Royal  Hunt  Cup  at  Ascot  in  1845 ;  and  as  he  was  a  very  heavy-boned  horse 
himself  and  transmitted  his  heavy  timber  to  most  of  his  progeny,  there  were  no  fewer 
than  seven  sons  of  Collingwood  imported  into  the  colonies.  Another  good-boned  horse 
imported  just  before  these  Collingwood  horses  was  Aether,  by  St.  Patrick  out  of  Pas- 
tille (Oaks  and  2000  guineas  of  1822)  by  Rubens.  Aether  ran  a  dead  heat  for  the  Grand 
Duke  Michael  Stakes  of  1839  with  Euclid,  who  did  the  same  thing  with  Charles  XII 
in  the  St.  Leger  of  that  same  year.  Two  sons  of  Aether  were  imported  to  California 
in  1852,  one  by  J.  Cooper  Turner  and  the  other  by  Capt.  1.  G.  B.  Isham,  of  San  Diego. 
Mr.  Turner's  horse  was  called  Chloroform  and  was  sold  to  Capt.  C.  M.  Weber,  of 
Stockton.  He  is  to  be  found  in  the  pedigrees  of  several  2  :y>  trotters.  The  great  long- 
distance runner,  Black  Swan,  was  also  by  Aether  and  came  over  in  the  same  ship 
with  Chloroform  and  Young  Muley,  he  being  by  Muleyson,  a  son  of  English  Muley. 
Black  Swan  became  the  property  of  Don  Ygnacio  Sepulveda,  of  Los  Angeles,  whose 
daughter  married  Thos.  D.  Mott,  now  less  than  one  year  dead.  Col.  Mott  matched 
Black  Swan  to  run  six  miles  against  the  Mexican  horse,  Sarco,  who  was  a  brown 
gelding  about  fourteen  hands  high  but  very  heavily  built.  The  wager  was  six  thousand 


'The  Australian   Thoroughbred  i6j 

head  of  Mexican  cattle  (there  were  not  two  thousand  head  of  American  cattle  in  the 
whole  state  at  that  time)  a  side,  to  be  turned  over  to  the  stake-holders  two  days  before 
the  race,  which  took  place  near  El  Monte  about  two  miles  from  the  present  site  of 
Savanna.  They  ran  to  a  stake  three  miles  after  turning  which  they  headed  for  home. 
Black  Swan  was  trained  by  a  Tennessee  man  named  James  Willett  and  ridden  by  an 
Australian  jockey  named  Alexander  Marshall.  Willett  stationed  his  head  lad,  Dave 
Tidwell,  at  the  three-mile  stake  with  a  bucket  of  water  and  told  him  to  sponge  her 
mouth  out  and  wash  her  face.  The  Swan  was  about  twenty  lengths  to  the  good  on 
reaching  the  post  and  by  the  time  Tidwell  got  her  face  washed  the  Mexican  horse  was 
over  sixty  lengths  ahead  of  her,  but  Aleck  soon  made  that  up  and  won  by  over  two 
hundred  yards.  I  very  much  regret  that  I  have  never  been  able  to  get  authentic  pedi- 
grees of  any  of  these  early  Australian  importations  into  California. 

But  that  was  the  type  of  horses  they  needed  in  Australia,  prior  to  the  discovery 
of  gold — horses  that  could  carry  weight  and  go  a  distance  for  the  woods  were  full  of 
vile  bushrangers  to  whom  murder  was  amusement ;  and  treacherous  negroes,  who  were 
the  nearest  thing  to  wild  beasts  that  a  man  ever  saw  and  who,  in  spite  of  their  spindle 
legs,  could  run  faster  than  nine  white  men  out  of  every  ten.  Hence  it  is  plainly  to  be 
seen  that  the  early  Australian  colonists  bred  solely  for  stoutness  and  ignored  extreme 
speed.  Up  to  the  present  writing  none  of  the  Australian  colonies  has  ever  imported  a 
Derby  winner.  South  Australia  imported  Gang  Forward  (by  Stockwell — Lady  Mary 
by  Orlando)  who  won  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas  in  1873;  and  New  South  Wales 
imported  Hawthornden,  by  Lord  Clifden  out  of  Bonny  Blink  by  the  Flying  Dutchman, 
who  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1870.  He  was  about  as  long-backed  and  badly  put  together 
a  brute  as  I  ever  laid  my  eyes  on  .and  how  he  ever  won  anything  above  an  over-night 
selling  race  passes  my  comprehension. 

Such,  then,  were  the  earlier  importations  of  stallions  into  the  Australian  colonies. 
After  the  discovery  of  gold  by  Hargraves,  in  1852,  the  people  began  to  breed  more 
for  speed  and  paid  less  attention  to  the  stoutness  and  weight-carrying  ability  that 
had  been  the  chief  objects  of  the  pioneer  days.  Here  we  call  a  horse  well-boned  that 
measures  eight  inches  around  the  forward  cannon-bones.  There  it  is  no  harder  to  find 
a  horse  that  will  measure  nine  inches  under  the  knee  than  it  is  here  to  find  one  that 
measures  eight.  And  I  can  remember  the  venerable  William  Gosper,  of  Windsor  on 
the  Hawkesbury,  then  over  93  years  old,  saying  to  me,  "Yes,  Muster  Murry  (he  always 
called  me  that)  Abercorn  is  a  very  'ansome  'orse,  but  lie's  a  trifle  light  under  the 
knees  and  'ocks." 

"I  don't  call  him  so,"  I  replied,  "he  measured  8^  inches  under  the  knee  and  8^4 
under  the  hock,  when  I  was  over  at  Tom  Payten's  stable  the  other  day." 

"Ah,  that  would  be  a  very  good  measure  for  a  little  'orse  like  Commotion  or 
Frying  Pan,  but  you  must  remember  that  Abercorn  is  barely  five  years  hold  and  stands 
above  sixteen  and  an  'arf  'ands  already.  So  that  he  is  really  a  light-boned  'orse  for 
his  height." 

The  great  distinguishing  horse  of  pioneer  days  was  Emigrant,  imported  by  Captain 
Rons  of  the  Royal  Navy.  He  had  designed  to  set  up  two  of  his  younger  relatives  in 
sheep-breeding  business  in  New  South  Wales  and  had  therefore  brought  them  out  this 
stallion  and  two  mares,  while  his  brother,  Lord  Stradbroke,  contributed  two  more  fillies 
to  help  the  lads  along.  "I  never  saw,"  said  old  Mr.  Gosper,  "an  'orse  that  I  liked  better 
than  Rous's  Emigrant.  His  'oofs  looked  like  they  wor  made  of  granite  and,  at  eighteen 
years  old,  there  was  not  a  blemish  of  any  sort  on  his  legs.  They're  not  a-breedin' 
that  clahss  of  'orses  nowadays.  Heverything  for  speed  now,  you  know,  Muster  Murry. 
I  see  where  somebody,  down  to  Hadelaide,  got  out  an  'orse  from  't'ould  country,  lahst 
week.  He's  called  Nautilus,  by  'Ermit,  a  full  brother  to  Marden  and  The  Habbot,  none 
of  them  any  real  good.  They're  what  you  Americans  call  quitters,  not  a  game  'orse 
in  the  lot  that  could  stand  a  bit  of  floggin' !  Why,  I  read  where  Marden  ran  a  dead 


164 


American   Thoroughbred 


'eat  with  two  others,  somewhere  in  t'ould  country.  Think  of  three  beggars  like  that, 
not  fast  enough  to  beat  one  another." 

Rous'  Emigrant  paved  the  way  for  a  magnificent  lot  of  horses  and  transmitted  his 
superb  legs  and  feet  to  nearly  all  of  them.  If  he  had  done  nothing  but  get  Zohrab 
and  Alice  Gray  (the  grand  dam  of  Yattendon,  whom  I  deem  one  of  the  ten  great 
stallions  of  the  universe)  that  alone  should  have  immortalized  him. 

This  horse's  services  to  the  colonial  breeders  were  of  such  an  exalted  nature  that 
he  occurs  in  the  pedigrees  of  many  of  their  highest-bred  native  horses.  I  don't  re- 
member of  any  other  imported  ones,  but  I  do  know  that  both  Artillery,  owned  at 
Rancho  del  Paso,  and  Foul  Shot,  the  property  of  Mr.  Bernard  Schreiber,  of  Bridgeton, 
Missouri,  have  each  a  cross  of  Emigrant  and  it  is  a  very  good  thing  to  have  in  a  horse. 
He  is  described  to  me  as  a  horse  with  legs  like  whalebone  and  hoofs  that  could  not 
have  been  harder  had  they  been  made  of  vulcanized  rubber.  But  such  was  the  char- 
acter of  the  pioneer  importations.  They  wanted  sound  and  strong  horses  and  speed 
was  a  secondary  consideration. 

YATTENDON  is  by  long  odds  the  representative  horse  of  Australia,  among  the 
native  product,  at  least.  He  was  foaled  in  1861  and  died  long  before  I  got  there.  Mr. 
Bruce  Lowe  described  him  to  me  as  a  dark  brown,  about  fifteen  hands,  three  inches 
high  at  five  years  old.  "He  was  decidedly  narrow  as  a  three-year-old,  but  had  a  splendid 
back  and  loin  and  the  broadest  gaskins  I  ever  saw  under  a  horse,"  said  Mr.  Lowe. 
"He  continued  to  widen  behind  as  he  grew  older  and  at  six  he  was  a  model.  Your 
imported  Leamington  must  have  been  a  good  deal  such  a  looking  horse  behind  the 
saddle." 

,1        .-£  j    The  Colonel,  ch.  .,.  ,8,5.        |    Kgfc  Vf'Vefe^  WaX"- 

IP  |  Sister  to  Cactus,  b.  <  ,82p  j    ^'ss'of  Y^by^at™'  ' 

f'0 

c-  ,        ,       ,        Q  (•      I   Whalebone,  br.  h.,  iSo"7,  by  Waxy. 

Sir  Hercules,  br.  h,   1826.     }    peH  by  w^nderer; 


W 

•7: 

3 


I  Paradigm,  ch.  m.,  1819. 
f  Priam,  b.  h.,  1827. 


»    .    I   Ally,  b.  m.,  1818. 

* 


cr  •{   Hc£ 
H        *    w 

^ 


{   Partisan  by  Walton. 
(   Bizarre  by  Peruvian. 

Emilius,  b.  h.,  1820,  by  Orville. 
Cressida  by  Whisky. 

Partisan  by  Walton. 
Jest  by  Waxy. 


Pioneer  by  Whiskv-Prunella. 


•O 

= 


u 


gj   f     Rome's  Emigrant,  br.  h,      j    P™"  %™££ 

Young  Gohanna  by 
Ultima  by  Hollyhock. 


.-H        (-1 

<*S 


|   ±^   ,  o  (   Young  Gohanna  by  Gohanna. 

[  *Gulnare,  gr.  m.,  1822.  j 


*Bred    in    England. 

I  have  no  detailed  account  of  his  performances,  save  that  he  won  the  Sydney  Cup, 
two  miles,  at  four  years  old,  with  122  pounds ;  and  that  in  the  Great  Metropolitan 
Handicap,  at  five  years  old,  with  124,  he  was  beaten  a  length  by  Bylong  with  98,  cov- 
ering the  two  miles  in  3  137,  then  the  fastest  race  yet  run  South  of  the  Equator.  In 
the  Melbourne  Cup,  run  five  weeks  later,  he  carried  128  pounds,  but  ran  unplaced, 
the  race  being  won  by  the  Colonial-bred  Tim  Whiffler  (son  of  New  Warrior),  Sea 
Gull  being  second.  She  was  by  imported  Fisherman  (twice  a  winner  of  the  Ascot  Cup) 


The  Australian  'Thoroughbred  165 

out  of  imported  Omen  by  Melbourne.     Fisherman  died  beiore  Yattendon  went  to  the 
stud,  so  he  never  served  any  of  Yattendon's  daughters. 

Yattendon  got  many  good  winners,  his  two  best  being  Grand  Flaneur  and  brave 
little  Chester.  The  latter  was  a  brown  horse,  rather  on  the  small  order,  but  of  as  per- 
fect conformation  as  one  could  desire.  That  he  was  a  marvelous  racehorse  may  be 
inferred  from  the  fact  that  he  started  but  twice  in  races  under  one  mile,  all  his  other 
efforts  being  from  one  mile  to  three.  He  was  beaten  at  the  latter  distance  by  First 
King,  a  large  and  well-grown  three-year-old,  carrying  102  pounds,  while  Chester,  a 
much  smaller  horse,  had  up  129  pounds,  being  then  five  years  old.  They  covered  the 
distance  in  5  126,  then  the  world's  record.  If  you  wanted  a  consistent  performer,  then 
Chester  should  have  suited  you,  for  he  started  41  times,  won  19  races  and  was  only 
four  times  unplaced.  Chester's  dam  was  imported  Lady  Chester  by  Stockwell,  out  of 
Austrey  by  Harkaway,  from  Zeila  by  Emilius,  from  Appolonia  by  Whisker,  the  latter 
mare  being  a  full  sister  to  Delphine  (dam  of  Monarch  and  Herald),  imported  into 
South  Carolina  by  Col.  Wade  Hampton.  Chester  headed  the  list  of  Winning  Sires  in 
1887,  mainly  through  the  victories  of  his  peerless  son  Abercorn,  who  won  the  Sydney 
Derby  at  three  and  the  Great  Metropolitan  at  five,  carrying  134  pounds  in  a  field  of 
22  starters  and  winning  in  a  common  canter  in  3 134^  for  the  two  miles.  In  18891 
Chester  was  again  first,  through  Dreadnaught  and  Spice,  the  latter  a  sister  to  Aber- 
corn. She  won  the  Oaks  both  at  Sydney  and  Melbourne,  while  Dreadnaught  carried 
off  the  Victoria  Derby,  both  the  St.  Legers  and  wound  up  the  season  by  winning  the 
Australian  Cup,  2J4  miles,  in  3:59//2,  with  118  pounds.  When  you  consider  that  the 
dead  heat  for  the  Saratoga  Cup  of  1875  (Springbok  and  Preakness)  was  made  by  two 
aged  horses  with  115  pounds  on  each,  this  performance  of  Dreadnaught's  does  not 
suffer  by  comparison.  Another  son  of  Chester's — Carlyon,  out  of  imported  Moonstone 
by  Blair  Athol — also  won  the  Australian  Cup  at  the  same  age  and  the  same  weight, 
but  not  in  so  fast  time,  but  Carlyon  "put  it  all  over"  Enfilade  and  Cyclops  in  the  Loch 
Plate  (two  miles)  in  the  same  week,  covering  the  distance  in  3  :35  on  a  track  that  was 
slippery  from  a  recent  rain.  Abercorn  was  such  a  good  horse  at  weight  for  age  that 
his  owner  declined  to  let  him  run  in  any  more  handicaps  after  he  won  the  Metropolitan; 
and,  at  that  same  meeting,  Abercorn  carried  off  the  Randwick  Plate,  three  miles,  in 
5  :25  with  134  pounds  up,  winning  by  a  dozen  lengths.  He  is  now  owned  in  Ireland, 
but  I  saw  him  at  Cobham  in  Surrey  in  September,  1901. 

And  now  for  one  of  the  three  great  three-year-olds  of  the  century,  Ormonde, 
and  Henry  of  Navarre  being  the  other  two.  Grand  Flaneur  was  bred  by  Andrew 
Town  at  his  Tournaville  Stud  near  Richmond,  N.  S.  W.  His  dam  was  an  imported 
mare  called  First  Lady  by  St.  Alban's  (St.  Leger  and  Chester  Cup  of  1860)  out  of 
Lady  Patroness  by  Orlando,  from  Lady  Palmerston  by  Melbourne,  from  a  full  sister 
to  Jocose  (dam  of  Macaroni,  Derby  of  1863)  by  Pantaloon.  The  rest  of  the  pedigree 
is  that  of  the  immortal  Touchstone  and  his  brother,  Launcelot,  both  St.  Leger  winners. 
Grand  Flaneur  was  a  very  large  bay  horse,  quite  sixteen  hands  high  at  three  years 
old  and,  being  very  growthy,  was  not  trained  at  two.  Before  arriving  at  three  he  was 
sold  to  Mr.  William  A.  Long,  who  owned  the  Chipping  Norton  Farm,  not  far  from  the 
Warwick  Farm  race-course,  about  thirty  miles  out  of  Sydney.  He  won  nine  straight 
races  without  defeat,  including  the  Victoria  Derby,  Melbourne  Cup  and  Royal  Park 
Plate  (2l/2  miles)  all  in  the  short  space  of  eight  days.  In  the  fall  of  that  year  he 
won  both  St.  Legers  and  wound  up  his  glorious  career  by  winning  the  Champion  Race, 
three  miles,  in  a  canter.  But  the  question  had  been  asked  of  this  peerless  colt  just 
once  too  often,  for  he  broke  down  in  the  first  strong  move  he  got  after  winning  the 
Champion.  In  appearance  he  was  very  much  after  the  style  of  Mr.  Baldwin's  Emperor 
of  Norfolk,  save  that  he  had  a  better  set  of  legs  and  not  so  much  daylight  under  him. 
He  got  two  good  performers  in  Bravo  and  Patron,  both  winners  of  the  Melbourne 
Cup,  and  the  latter  is  the  only  four-year-old  in  history  to  win  that  event  with  126 


166  T'he  American  Thoroughbred 

pounds.  But  his  grandest  horse,  to  my  eye,  is  Merman,  now  in  England  and  owned  by 
Mrs.  Langtry.  Planet,  by  Revenue  out  of  Nina  by  Boston,  from  an  imported  mare  by 
Lottery,  was  "the  traveling,  conquering  terror"  of  all  the  Eastern  tracks  in  America 
up  to  the  time  of  "the  late  unpleasantness,"  to  borrow  a  Nasbyism ;  and  Merman 
resembles  him  more  than  any  other  horse  I  ever  saw,  save  that  he  is  of  more  substance 
than  Planet,  and,  in  covering  condition,  would  outweigh  him  over  one  hundred  pounds. 
Merman  won  so  many  races  in  the  Colonies  that  they  saw  there  was  no  more  chance 
for  him  there,  so  the  International  Horse  Exchange  bought  him  for  the  "Jersey  Lily," 
in  whose  colors  he  won  the  Lewes  Handicap  and  Cesarewitch  at  five  years ;  and  the 
Ascot  and  Goodwood  Cups  at  six,  walking  over  for  the  latter  event  (with  129  pounds) 
for  the  third  time  in  just  seventy-five  years.  The  previous  walk-overs  for  the  Goodwood 
Cup  were  Stumps  (by  Whalebone)  in  1826  and  The  Bard  (by  Petrarch)  in  1886,  so 
the  reader  can  judge  for  himself  whether  the  English  race-goers  regarded  Merman 
as  a  racehorse  of  high-class  or  not.  I  saw  him  last  on  a  rainy  day,  but  the  dear  old 
red  brick  house  at  Cobham  held  nothing  but  sunshine  with  Mr.  Allison's  family  all 
there  and  with  their  kindly  greeting  to  the  strangers  from  the  shores  of  the  sunset 
sea.  The  total  absence  of  all  formality  made  the  day  one  never  to  be  forgotten  by  the 
wayfarers.  It  takes  hearts  to  make  homes,  after  all. 

One  word  more  about  Yattendon.  It  is  not  every  horse  whose  sons  go  out  of 
three  seasons  with  over  £40,000  to  their  credit,  but  Yattendon's  name  is  not  perpetu- 
ated by  Grand  Flaneur,  Chester,  Patriarch  and  Emerald  alone.  He  was  equally  as 
famous  as  a  broodmare  sire  and  no  stallion  ever  owed  more  to  a  predecessor  in  the 
stud  than  Musket  and  Grandmaster  owed  to  Yattendon.  At  the  Melbourne  Cup  .meet- 
ing of  1889  when  Bravo  carried  off  the  coveted  prize,  there  were  thirty  races  in  all, 
three  of  which  were  won  by  male-line  descendants  of  Yattendon ;  thirteen  by  sons  of 
Yattendon's  daughters ;  and  three  by  horses  whose  dams  were  by  Goldsbrough,  out  of 
Yattendon  mares.  Of  course,  the  great  Lexington  made  a  better  showing  than  that  for 
years,  so  far  as  his  daughters  were  concerned,  but  Lexington's  best  son  (as  a  sire) 
was  War  Dance,  who  was  barely  second-class  as  a  sire  of  performers ;  and  as  no 
son  of  Lexington  was  ever  within  ten  miles  of  either  Chester  or  Grand  Flaneur,  as  a 
sire.  No  portrait  of  Yattendon  is  to  be  found,  but  Mr.  Lopez  tells  me  that  in  confor- 
mation he  greatly  resembled  our  American  phenomenon,  Boston. 

FISHERMAN  was  an  older  horse  than  Yattendon,  having  been  foaled  in  1853. 
He  was  raced  originally  by  a  Mr.  Starkey  and  afterwards  by  old  Tom  Parr  (at  one 
time  owner  of  Rataplan  and  Fandango),  who  won  over  £80,000  on  the  turf  and  yet 
died  a  pauper  in  a  workhouse.  Fisherman  started  131  times  and  won  70  races,  the 
Queen's  Vase  once  and  the  Ascot  Cup  twice.  The  last  race  he  ever  won  was  at  seven 
furlongs,  with  153  pounds  in  the  saddle,  which  would  be  considered  a  pretty  good  bur- 
den in  a  steeplechase.  He  lost  in  his  last  six  starts  and  believing  him  about  used  up, 
he  was  retired  and  made  the  season  of  1860  but  got  only  a  few  mares,  as  his  breeding 
was  deemed  unfashionable.  They  did  not  stop  to  look  over  his  female  tail-line  or 
they  would  have  seen  that  his  great  grand-dam  was  full  sister  to  Memnon,  who  won 
the  St.  Leger ;  that  his  next  dam  won  the  Oaks  and  produced  Belshazzar,  while  her 
full  sister  carried  off  a  St.  Leger  in  the  next  year;  and  that  from  the  next  dam, 
Mandane,  came  Lottery  and  Brutandorf,  to  say  nothing  of  Liverpool,  the  sire  of  that 
marvelous  campaigner,  Lanercost.  So  Fisherman  only  got  five  foals  out  of  six  mares. 
Before  the  next  season  rolled  around,  a  ship  came  in  from  Australia  having  on  board 
two  lucky  gold-diggers  named  Charles  and  Hurtle  Fisher.  They  had  come  to  England 
to  buy  horses  with  a  view  to  breeding  racers  according  to  colonial  time,  where  a  horse 
is  a  year  old  on  the  first  day  of  August  following  his  birth.  The  "boosters'"  were  .at 
once  set  to  work  to  induce  them  to  buy  Fisherman  and  the  champagne  flowed  like  water 
with  that  end  in  view ;  and  the  trick  won  out,  for  the  old  brown  son  of  Heron  and 


The  Australian  Thoroughbred  id1/ 

Mainbrace  was  bought  by  them,  together  with  the  following  Belgravian  matrons  for 
export : 

S  \VERTH  A,  by  The  Flying  Dutchman,  out  of  Patience  by  Lanercost,  from  Billet 
Doux  by  Gladiator.  In  foal  to  Rataplan. 

MARCHIONESS,  Oaks  winner  of  1855,  by  Melbourne,  out  of  Cinizelli  (afterwards 
dam  of  The  Marquis,  who  won  the  St.  Leger  of  1862)  by  Touchstone.  In  foal  to  Stock- 
well. 

JULIET,  by  Touchstone,  out  of  Lancashire  Witch  (Champagne  Stakes  1844)  by 
Tomboy  from  Lady  Moore  Carew  (dam  of  Mendicant)  by  Tramp.  In  foal  to  Stock- 
well — produced  Chrysolite  as  result. 

OMEN,  by  Melbourne,  whose  dam  I  have  forgotten. 

ROSE  DE  FLORENCE,  br.  m.,  by  The  Flying  Dutchman,  out  of  Boarding  School  Miss 
by  Plenipotentiary,  from  Marpessa  (2nd  dam  of  Stockwell)  by  Muley. 

There  were  two  other  mares  that  I  have  forgotten,  but  they  all  turned  out  well. 
Fisherman,  judging  from  the  portrait  in  the  office  of  the  Australian  Jockey  Club  at 
Sydney,  was  a  horse  for  which  I  would  not  have  given  $100  as  a  stallion,  unless  I 
had  been  looking  on  the  Scotch  when  it  was  a  highball."  He  was  about  sixteen  hands 
high  and  very  leggy,  being  quite  short  in  the  back  and  considerably  "tucked"  in  the- 
thighs.  A  more  ragged-looking  brute  was  never  seen  unless  it  wras  that  marvelous 
French  horse,  Gladiateur.  Not  only  that,  but  he  was  the  shortest-bodied  horse  for  his 
height — the  great  Ormonde  not  excepted — that  anybody  ever  saw.  For  all  that  he 
bred  as  much  class  as  any  horse  ever  taken  to  that  country  for  he  only  made  two  full 
seasons  and  died  of  apoplexy.  He  is  buried  on  Maribyrnong  hill,  about  half  a  mile 
from  the  Flemington  track  which  I  deem  the  handsomest  race-course  in  the  world. 
Lindsay  Gordon,  in  his  inimitable  ballad  of  the  Malbourne  Cup,  says : 

"Though  feathery  ferns  and  grasses  wave 

On  the  sward  where  Lantern  sleeps ; 
Though  the  sod  is  green  on   Fisherman's  grave, 
The  stable  its  prestige  keeps." 

Fisherman  got  Angler,  who  won  both  Derbys  and  the  Victoria  St.  Leger;  and 
his  full  brother,  Fish  Hook,  who  won  the  Champion  Race  at  three  miles.,  both  being 
out  of  imported  Marchioness.  He  also  feot  Sylvia,  a  great"  performer  in  her  day  and 
subsequently  dam  of  Martini  Henry,  by  Musket;  and  of  Goldsbrough  (by  Fireworks), 
one  of  the  greatest  racehorses  that  ever  lived.  He  won  the  Great  Metropolitan  two . 
miles  in  3  132^4  with  129  pounds,  at  5  years  old,  whereas,  it  took  Sir  Modred  3  134^2 
to  cover  the  same  ground  with  122  pounds.  If  Sir  Modred  was  first-class,  what  was 
Goldsbrough?  Fisherman  got  two  entire  horses  from  Rose  de  Florence — Ferryman 
and  Maribyrnong,  the  former  of  whom  was  good  without  being  great.  But  Mari- 
byrnong. though  it  was  claimed  that  he  never  got  a  really  first-class  horse,  got  four 
Derby  winners  and  six  of  the  two  St.  Legers — four  at  Sydney  and  two  at  Melbourne. 
His  daughters  bred  well  to  everything  and  especially  to  the  sons  of  Yattendon  and 
Musket.  Fisherman  also  got  Sea  Gull,  who  ran  second  to  the  Colonial  Tim  Whiffler 
in  the  Melbourne  Cup  of  1866,  and  who  would  have  won  it  had  she  not  gone  out  so 
early  and  set  a  hot  pace ;  and  then,  if  Gordon's  poetry  is  correct,  she  was  beaten  by 
the  shortest  of  necks. 

Chrysolite,  by  Stockwell,  out  of  Juliet  by  Touchstone,  above  referred  to,  was  bred 
to  Ajigler,  son  of  Fisherman  and  Marchioness  and  produced  Robinson  Crusoe  and 
Onyx,  the  latter  being  afterwards  famous  as  the  dam  of  Nordenfelt  (by  Musket),  who 
won  both  Derbys  while  his  stable  companion,  Matchlock,  lugged  off  both  St.  Legers 
in  that  year.  Robinson  Crusoe  took  his  name  from  being  saved  from  the  wreck  of  the. 
City  of  Melbourne,  a  steamer  that  foundered  just  abreast  of  the  Coogee  Aquarium.  She 


1 68  'The  American  Thoroughbred 

had  some  sixty  race  horses  on  board  and  the  son  of  Angler  and  Chrysolite  was  the  only 
one  saved.  Robinson  Crusoe  won  the  Sydney  Derby  and  the  Champion  Race  at  3 
miles ;  and  was  the  sire  of  two  good  brothers — Trident  and  Navigator — each  of  which 
won  a  Derby  and  a  St.  Leger,  and  Trident  won  the  Champion  in  all  but  record  time. 
Nordenfelt  headed  the  list  of  Winning  Sires  in  1892  and  was  the  biggest  thorough- 
bred horse  I  ever  saw.  He  was  17  hands  high,  no  taller  than  our  Longfellow,  but 
a  heavier  horse  in  equal  flesh  by  at  least  150  pounds.  His  back  looked  like  an  island. 
Two  sisters  to  Martini  Henry  and  one  to  Nordenfelt  were  shipped  to  England  to  be 
mated  with  first-class  sires,  but  none  of  them  produced  anything  above  the  selling 
plater  class.  Robinson  Crusoe  was  strictly  first-class,  as  a  sire  and  one  of  his  sons— 
Sunrise — has  gotten  more  winners  of  races  in  each  year  since  1888  than  any  other 
stallion  on  the  great  South  Continent,  but  he  never  figures  better  than  twelfth  on  the 
list  because  his  get  win  their  races  away  out  on  the  back  blocks,  running  for  small 
purses. 

MUSKET  is  the  next  great  horse  in  Australian  history.  He  was  bred  in  England 
and  foaled  in  1867.  In  1870  he  won  three  Queen's.  Plates  and  the  Ascot  Stake?  at 
two  miles,  declaring  himself  as  a  noted  "sticker"  even  at  that  early  age.  At  four 
years  of  age  he  was  the  contending  horse  in  what  was  probably  the  most  desperate 
finish  ever  run  on  Ascot  Heath.  It  was  for  the  Alexandra  Plate,  a  few  feet  over  2^ 
miles,  in  which  he  carried  126  pounds  to  Rosicrucian's  132,  and  was  beaten  a  head,  the 
third  horse  Dutch  Skater  (who  won  the  Great  Metropolitan  and  Doncaster  Cup  of 
that  year)  being  beaten  over  sixty  lengths.  No  such  ding-dong  finish  as  that  had  been 
seen  since  Camarine,  by  Juniper,  defeated  Rowton  (St.  Leger  of  1829  and  imported  into 
America)  for  the  Ascot  Cup  of  1832.  Next  year  Musket  shouldered  his  five-year-old 
impost  of  132  pounds  and  won  the  Alexandra  Plate  easier  than  Rosicrucian  had  done  in 
the  previous  year,  after  which  he  retired  to  the  stud  where  he  got  Petronel,  winner 
of  the  Two  Thousand  and  Doncaster  Cup  in  Bend  d'Or's  year ;  Dan  Godfrey,  never 
trained  but  a  fairly  good  sire;  and  Gisela,  dam  of  Hambledon  (by  Standard)  who 
won  six  Queen's  Plates  and  the,  Doncaster  Cup  of  1885.  Musket  had  just  concluded 
his  first  season  when  his  owner,  the  eccentric  Lord  Glasgow,  died  of  a  brief  illness.  By 
the  terms  of  his  will,  all  of  his  horses  were  to  be  retained  by  his  heirs  unless  they  saw 
fit  to  kill  them.  They  could  shoot  just  as  many  as  they  liked  but  must  not  sell  one. 
Just  then  Major  J.  S.  Walmsley,  of  Auckland,  New  Zealand,  arrived  in  London  with 
orders  for  Thomas  Morrin,  of  Sylvia  Park,  to  purchase  some  mares  and  stallions. 
Morrin  was  an  iron-monger,  a  native  of  Canada  and  about  as  genial  a  man  as  could 
be  found  at  the  antipodes;  and  he  had  given  Walmsley  carte  blanche  to  purchase  the 
best  stallion  and  twelve  mares  that  he  could  find.  Walmsley  knew  that  a  horse  that 
could  not  stay  two  miles  could  not  win  any  of  the  big  handicaps  in  Australia  and,  as 
Musket  had  been  a  noted  "sticker"  he  wanted  him  for  premier  of  Sylvia  Park,  but 
the  terms  of  the  will  were  in  the  way.  They  finally  got  around  it  by  Mr.  Walmsley's 
paying£i,750  for  a  ninety-nine  years'  lease  to  Thomas  Morrin.  Some  of  the  mates 
that  accompanied  him  were  superbly  bred  and  among  them  were : 

MERSEY,  by  Knowsley,  out  of  Clemency  by  Newminster,  afterwards  dam  of  Car- 
bine, who  won  the  Melbourne  Cup  of  1890  with  145  pounds  up. 

MACKSICKAR  AND  L'ORIENT,  by  Knight,  out  of  Garter,  who  ran  second  to  Vauban 
in  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas. 

ROSETTE,  by  Lord  Lyon  (Derby  of  1866),  out  of  Rouge  Rose  (dam  of  Bend  d'Or, 
(Derby  of  1880)  by  Thormanby. 

RAMBLING  KATIE,  by  Melbourne,  out  of  Phryne  (sister  to  Flatcatcher)  by  Touch- 
stone. 

DUNDEE'S  KATIE,  by  Dundee,  out  of  Rambling  Katie. 

FLEUR  ANGE,  bred  in  France,  by  Consul,  son  of  Monarque. 


The  Australian  Thoroughbred  169 

PETROLEUSE,  by  Oxford  (son  of  Birdcatcher)  out  of  Hartshorn  by  Mountain  Deer. 
TITANIA,  by  Orest,  out  of  Lady  Queen  Mab  by  Lambton. 

I  cannot  remember  all  the  rest  of  the  consignment,  but  there  were  native  mares 
at  home  just  as  good  as  they  were.  Of  course  Carbine,  out  of  Mersey,  was  the  great- 
est performer  Musket  ever  got,  but  he  was  no  such  sire  as  Nordenfelt,  out  of  Onyx,  or 
Hotchkiss  out  of  Petroleuse.  He  got  Wallace  out  of  a  sister  to  Melos  but,  outside  of 
him,  most  of  Carbine's  get  were  delicate  and  did  not  train  on.  Nordenfelt  headed 
the  list  of  sires  in  1892,  but  died  in  the  following  year.  Trenton,  owned  by  Dan 
O'Brien  when  he  ran  in  the  Melbourne  Cup  (and  he  and  Commotion  were  the  only 
two  horses  ever  to  be  twice  placed  for  that  event)  was  sold  to  Andrew  Town  af  six 
years  old  and  at  his  death  became  the  property  of  William  R.  Wilson  of  Geelong. 
Through  the  victories  of  Aurania,  Aurum  and  others  of  note,  Trenton  became  premier 
sire  of  Australia  in  1895  and  held  it  for  five  seasons,  even  after  he  had  been  exported 
to  England,  being  the  only  stallion  to  hold  supremacy  for  that  period,  as  against  four 
seasons  each  for  Yattendon  and  M  aribynong ;  and  three  each  for  Chester  and  Musket.  I 
sa\y  old  Trenton  in  England  three  years  ago  and  my  wife  said  he  was  a  long  way  the 
most  majestic-looking  old  horse  she  had  ever  seen.  I  think  it  a  great  pity  he  was 
ever  sent  over  to  England  for  he  has  not  done  any  too  well  there ;  and  in  Australia  he 
got  race  horses  from  mares  that  had  never  produced  decent  selling  platers  to  any  other 
stallion,  being  the  only  horse  in  Australian  history  to  get  winners  of  over  £18,000 
in  a  single  season.  This  looks  like  small  money,  as  compared  with  the  returns  from 
some  of  our  American  sires,  but  is  explained  by  the  fact  that  they  have  no  winter 
racing  in  that  country,  which  is  all  the  more  to  their  credit.  The  old  saying  that  "A 
merciful  man  is  merciful  to  his  beast"  is  just  as  true  today  as  it  was  on  the  day  it 
was  first  uttered. 

Musket  was  strictly  a  male-line  horse  as  much  so  as  Goldsbrough  was  a  female-line 
stallion.  Musket's  daughters  are  very  inferior  broodmares,  Industry  (sister  to  the 
Oaks  winner  Pearl  Shell)  being  about  the  best  of  the  lot.  On  the  other  hand,  Tren- 
ton, Nordenfelt,  Carbine  and  Hotchkiss,  have  all  had  one  or  more  seasons  where  they 
have  had  above  $40,000  to  their  credit.  Add  to  these  the  moneys  won  by  the  get  of 
such  fairly  good  sires  as  Escutcheon,  Musk  Rose,  Medallion,  Cuirassier,  Brigadier, 
Jacinth,  Tranter  and  horses  of  that  class ;  and  you  will  see  that  Musket  is  still  ia 
potent  factor  in  the  Australian  stud.  Just  which  of  his  descendants  is  now  the  bet- 
ter sire  I  am  unable  to  say,  but  am  of  a  belief  that  Wallace,  by  Carbine  out  of  Me- 
lodious by  Goldsbrough,  is  as  good  as  any  of  them  if  not  the  very  best.  He  certainly 
was  one  of  the  best  weight-for-age  horses  ever  seen  anywhere.  It  is  singular  that 
Musket's  daughters  have  not  produced  any  better  than  they  have  for  they  were  nearly 
all  large  and  roomy.  I  brought  three  of  them  from  Australia  to  America  and  I 
ought  to  know  whereof  I  speak.  I  wish  they  had  been  by  Goldsbrough.  Now  there 
is  a  fam'ily  of  thoroughbreds  that  Americans  do  not  know  much  about,  being  an  off- 
shoot of  the  famous  Tramp  who  won  the  Doncaster  Cup  of  1814  when  it  was  run  at 
four  miles.  As  Goldsbrough  headed  the  list  of  sire's  in  1886,  through  his  son,  Arsenal, 
winning  the  Melbourne  Cup,  I  append  his  breeding. 


IfO 


be 


The  American   Thoroughbred 

(  Weatherbit 


•"?   fc'-i 

S     C    5 


f  Kelpie,  imp. 


Gas  Light,  imp 


j  Sheet  Anchor  by  Lottery 
(  Miss  Letty  by  Priam 

Child  of  the  Mist    |  St-  F.ran(Js  b,y  St  Patrick 
(  1 aunna  by    1 aurus 


J3  +-> 

bo  rt 
3  S0 
o 


o 


f  Fisherman 


Juliet 


3 


Sir  Hercules 


Factory  Girl 


Heron 


Mainbrace 


f  Touchstone 


I.  Lancashire  Witch 


(  Whalebone  by  Waxy 
(  Peri  by  Wanderer 

j  Lamplighter  by  Merlin 
(  Spinning  Jenny 


(  Bustard  by  Castrel 
j  Daughter  of  Orville 

I  Sheet  Anchor   (above) 

}  Bay  Middleton  m — Nitocris 

j  Camel  by  Whalebone 
(  Banter  by  Master  Henry 

j  Tomboy  by  Jerry 

(  Lady  Moore  Carew  by  Tramp 


From  the  above  it  will  be  seen  that  Goldsbrough  had  five  crosses  of  Waxy  and 
six  of  Orville,  the  two  greatest  sires  between  1800  and  1815;  and  three  of  Whalebone 
and  one  of  his  brother  Whisker  (also  a  Derby  winner)  with  three  of  Tramp,  Whale- 
bone and  Tramp  being  the  two  best  sires  between  1820  and  1835,  together  with  two 
additional  crosses  of  Dick  Andrews,  sire  of  Tramp.  Could  any  pedigree  surpass  that 
for  stoutness?  And  yet  that  horse  with  at  least  ten  crosses  of  Sir  Peter,  by  long  odds 
the  best  sire  between  1795  and  1810,  never  got  a  horse  good  enough  to  be  called  a 
second-class  sire.  I  offered  $7,000  for  his  son,  Cardigan,  who  won  the  Hawkesburj 
Handicap  of  1887  and  the  Great  Metropolitan  also,  as  well  as  the  Summer  Cup  of  1888. 
His  dam  was  imported  Signora  by  Newcastle  out  of  Actress  by  Stockwell ;  and  he 
resembled  our  Harry  Bassett  more  than  any  horse  I  ever  saw.  save  that  he  was  a. 
heavier  horse.  He  had  broken  down  in  training  about  six  weeks  previously  and  was 
still  low  in  flesh;  and  for  all  that  he  weighed  1142  pounds  on  a  hay  scale  which  I 
suppose  to  have  been  correct.  And,  let  me  add,  that  I  am  now  very  glad  that  I  did 
not  get  him. 

Several  sons  of  Musket  have  been  imported  into  the  United  States,  but  Maxim, 
out  of  imported  Realization  by  Vespasian  (brother  to  Sabinus)  was  worth  all  the  rest 
of  the  lot.  He  got  winners  of  $8,820  in  his  first  American  season  and  of  $14,259  in 
the  second  at  the  conclusion  of  which  he  died.  Maxim  left  several  sons  that'  are  doing 
fairly  well  in  the  stud,  the  best  being  Altamax,  out  of  Altitude  by  Alarm,  running 
back  on  the  female  tail-line  to  little  Queen  Mary  of  blessed  memory.  Altamax  made 
a  big  show  in  his  first  season  but  nothing  from  him  showed  for  much  in  the  next.  Come 
to  find  out  about  it,  he  had  been  given  a  year's  vacation  and  the  mares  bred  to  him 
were  mated  with  Eddie  Jones,  by  Morello;  and  to  Colonel  Wheeler,  by  Midlothian, 
leaving  Altamax  without  any  enjoyment  that  year.  They  say  they  (Burns  and  Wa- 
terhouse)  have  some  good  ones  from  Altamax  coming  on  next  year;  and  I  sincerely 
hope  it  is  true,  for  they  are  most  amiable  and  hospitable  gentlemen,  as  well  as  the 
gamest  kind  of  betters,  when  they  have  a  really  good  horse  to  start  in  a  race.  Maxnic, 
out  of  Pic  Nic  by  Mr.  Pickwick  (son  of  Hermit)  is  said  to  be  getting  some  fine 
youngsters  but  none  of  his  get  have  so  far  appeared  on  the  turf.  Whenever  he  out- 
breeds  Altamax,  I  shall  transfer  my  allegiance  to  him,  but  so  long  as  Altamax  holds 
the  lead  over  him  I  shall  pin  my  faith  upon  the  son  of  Altitude  as  the  best — and  a  good 


'The  Australian  'Thoroughbred  //./ 

deal  the  best — son  of  Maxim,  who,  to  borrow  the  language  of  Henry  the  Eighth, 
"should  have  died  hereafter.''  I  once  asked  Tom  Payten,  by  far  the  best  trainer  I 
met  in  Australia,  what  was  the  hardest  race  the  great  Abercorn  ever  won.  He  an- 
swered without  a  moment's  hesitation,  "The  race  where  he  beat  Maxim  when  they 
were  two  years  old."  Such  an  opinion  and  from  such  a  source  was  worthy  of  recol- 
lection. 

Kelpie,  the  sire  of  Fireworks,  who  was  a  great  performer  and  the  only  horse  in 
all  Australian  history  to  win  three  Derbys,  was  imported  from  England  and  was  a  full 
brother  to  Diomedia,  the  second  dam  of  Trappist,  sire  of  1'Abbesse  de  Jouarre.  He  is 
described  to  me  as  an  enormous  red  chestnut,  standing  sixteen  hands,  three  inches 
high  and  dividing  with  Talk  o'  the  Hill,  the  honor  of  being  the  largest  and  best  boned 
stallion  imported  since  the  discovery  of  gold.  He  stood  over  a  great  deal  of  ground 
and  measured  over  nine  inches  around  his  cannon  bones.  He  was  kept  near  Albury, 
on  the  Murray  rLver,  for  some  time,  where  his  fee  was  only  £7.10,  but  after  Fisherman 
died  (to  whom  Gas  Light  had  produced  a  winner  of  the  Champion  race,  3  miles)  the 
mare  was  sent  to  Kelpie  and  the  result  was  Fireworks,  who  was,  Bruce  Lowe  told  me, 
the  handsomest  horse  he  ever  saw.  Nothing  could  surpass  the  sculptured  beauty  of  his 
head  and  neck,  nor  the  lofty  carriage  with  which  he  paraded  himself  both  in  training 
and  in  the  stud.  He  died  very  young  which  was  a  great  misfortune  for,  as  an  ex- 
ponent of  the  line  of  Tramp,  he  must  have  been  nearly  as  good  as  Lanercost  or  Rosi- 
crucian,  and  better  than  anything  else  descended  from  the  loins  of  the  great  Bishop 
Burton  horse  that  was  the  first  three-year-old  to  win  the  once  dearly-prized  Doncaster 
Cup. 

NECKERSGAT  fills  such  an  important  place  in  Australian  pedigrees  that  I  feel  he 
deserves  some  mention  here,  particularly  as  he  was  one  of  the  first  ten  stallions  on  the 
list  for  no  less  than  twelve  years.  He  was  nearly  as  large  a  horse  as  Kelpie  and  a  great 
deal  coarser  and,  in  my  belief  the  best  stallion  that  ever  descended  from  the  male  line 
of  that  hardluck  horse,  Ion,  by  Cain,  who  ran  second  in  the  Derby  to  the  worthless 
Amato  and  second  in  the  St.  Leger  to  Don  John,  of  whom  I  speak  in  another  part  of, 
this  book,  devoted  to  American  horses.  A  Mr.  Gerrard,  of  South  Australia,  sent  to 
England  for  a  big  horse — he  wanted  to  breed  hunters  for  that  beautiful  country  around 
Adelaide.  The  horse  that  came  out  for  him  was  Talk  o'  the  Hill,  a  total  failure  as  a 
race  horse  but  a  magnificent  individual,  said  to  be  the  biggest  horse  that  ever  crossed 
the  equator  for  he  stood  seventeen  hands  barefooted  and  girthed  seven  feet  two  and 
one-half  inches.  His  bone  was  in  proportion  to  his  size.  Now,  then,  "take  hoff 
yer  'at."  He  was  by  Wild  Dayrell  (Derby  of  1855)  out  of  Ayacanora  by  Birdcatcher, 
from  Pocahontas  (dam  of  Stockwell,  Rataplan  and  King  Tom)  by  Glencoe.  Noth- 
ing could  be  more  finely  bred  for  while  Wild  Dayrell — the  most  beautiful  horse  of 
his  day — was  no  great  success  as  a  sire,  he  got  Buccaneer,  the  best  Herod  line  stallion 
of  the  past  seventy  years,  barring  Lexington  in  America.  There  was  no  horse  of 
Buccaneer's  day  that  got  any  such  horse  as  Kisber  or  such  a  filly  as  Formosa. 

About  the  same  time  Talk  o'  the  Hill  came  out,  a  mare  was  brought  to  Adelaide 
called  Miss  Giraffe.  She  was  by  King  Tom,  out  of  Giraffe  by  Melbourne,  from  Molly 
by  Pantaloon,  from  Industry  (Oaks  winner  of  1838  and  dam  of  Lady  Evelyn,  Oaks  of 
1849)  by  Priam.  This  mare's  first  produce  to  Talk  o'  the  Hill  was  Neckersgat,  as 
coarse  a  horse  as  ever  was  seen.  He  met  with  an  accident  as  a  yearling  and  was 
never  trained.  He  was  an  awkward  looking  chestnut  and  his  dam  had  evidently  bred 
back  to  Harkaway.  Next  year  she  produced  a  colt  with  quality  (enough  for 
Wild  Dayrell  or  Flying  Dutchman),  being  a  beautiful  and  bloodlike  bay  with 
white  heels  behind  and  just  enough  white  in  his  face  to  light  up  as  intelligent  a  head 
as  ever  was  put  upon  a  horse.  Near  where  he  was  foaled  is  a  small  harbor  full  of 
tide-rips  called  Rapid  Bay  and  that  was  the  name  bestowed  upon  him  by  his  owner, 
Sir  Thomas  Elder  of  Morphettville,  the  handsomest  stud  farm  in  all  that  country 


172  The  American   Thoroughbred 

though  not  the  largest.  Although  I  cannot  recall  his  performances,  I  know  he  was 
a  race  horse  of  high  class  and  retired  to  the  stud  with  quite  a  reputation,  his  sire 
being  already  dead.  He  made  but  two  seasons  when  he  succumbed  to  an  attack  of 
heart  failure  which  had  carried  off  both  his  sire  and  grandsire  before  him.  Neckers- 
gat,  in  the  meantime,  had  been  shipped  off  to  a  sheep  station  in  Queensland  to  get 
saddle  horses  for  the  "boundary  riders"  and  a  messenger  was  dispatched  to  bring 
him  back.  The  old  red  horse  made  his  return  trip  of  1,200  miles  all  safely,  and  was  en- 
sconced in  Rapid  Bay's  box  at  once.  From  that  time  out  he  was  a  prominent  factor, 
the  best  of  his  get  being  Dunlop,  who  won  the  Melbourne  Cup  of  1887  with  115  pounds, 
two  miles  in  3 128  *4i,  then  the  world's  record  for  that  distance.  It  has  since  been 
beaten,  by  Newton  in  America  and  by  Carbine  on  that  same  track,  the  latter  being 
by  far  the  most  meritorious  of  all  three  performances.  But  Neckersgat's  career  recalls 
the  Godolphin  Arabian  in  England  and  the  well-beloved  Bonnie  Scotland  in  America, 
"Truth  crushed  to  earth." 

Another  good  horse  taken  to  Australia  about  that  same  period  was  Lord  of  the 
Hills  by  Touchstone  out  of  Fair  Helen  by  Pantaloon  from  Rebecca  (dam  of  Alice 
Hawthorn,  Annandale  and  The  Provost)  by  Lottery.  This  horse  was  therefore  a  full 
brother  to  Lord  of  the  Isles,  winner  of  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas  of  1855  and  sire 
of  Scottish  Chief ;  and  he  was  also  a  full  brother  to  Lady  Macdonald,  dam  of  that 
famous  three-year-old  filly  Brigantine,  by  Buccaneer,  who  won  the  Oaks  and  Ascot 
Cup,  less  than  four  weeks  apart,  beating  Blue  Gown  and  Formosa  in  the  latter  race. 
As  Blue  Gown  had  won  the  Derby  and  Ascot  Cup,  and  Formosa  had  won  about  every- 
thing else  in  the  previous  year,  it  took  a  great  three-year-old  to  beat  two  such  horses 
at  weight  for  age.  Lord  of  the  Hills  stood  in  New  South  Wales  for  £7,  then  £15 
and  then  at  £20,  the  largest  fee  ever  paid  in  Australia  up  to  that  time.  He  made  a 
name  for  himself,  and  some  of  his  get  won  big  races,  notably  Glencoe,  who  won  the 
Melbourne  Cup  and  other  big  events.  I  am  afraid  that  the  line  of  Lord  of  the  Hills 
is  wholly  extinct  as  I  have  heard  of  no  good  performances  from  any  of  his  male-line 
descendants  in  the  last  eighteen  years. 

GRANDMASTER,  by  Gladiateur,  out  of  Celerrima  by  Stockwell,  was  a  horse  very 
much  to  my  liking  and  was,  beyond  all  doubt  the  best  sire  that  the  triple-crowned  hero 
of  1865  ever  got.  He  was  imported  from  England  by  W.  J.  Dangar  (who  also  im- 
ported that  long-backed  brute,  Hawthornden)  but  was  subsequently  sold  to  Mr.  John 
Eales,  of  the  Duckenfields  near  Morpeth.  He  certainly  was  as  handsomely  turned  a 
horse  as  one  could  wish  to  look  at  and,  while  there  was  a  look  of  Stockwell  about  him, 
there  was  a  still  stronger  resemblance  to  the  beautiful  Pantaloon  who  was  the  sire 
of  his  second  dam,  Slander,  full  sister  to  The  Libel,  paternal  grandsire  of  Sir  Modred. 
He  was  about  fifteen  hands  three  inches  high  and  was  of  good  length  and  great  depth 
of  barrel.  His  driving  power  was  as  good  as  one  could  ask  and  his  disposition  simply 
perfect.  He  got  some  great  winners,  among  whom  was  Paris  II,  the  only  horse  that 
ever  won  the  Caulrield  Cup  twice;  and  that  is  beyond  all  cavil,  the  second  biggest  race 
run  in  Australia.  I  never  saw  a  much  smoother-turned  horse  than  Grandmaster,  but 
nothing  that  resembled  himself  could  race  a  little  bit.  But  whenever  he  got  a  ragged- 
looking  horse  like  Gladiateur,  then  look  out  for  squalls  ahead.  I  never  saw  his 
son,  Gibraltar,  who  won  the  A.  J.  C.  Derby  of  1892,  but  he  was  described  to  me  as  one 
of  the  non-resemblers  and  the  raggedest  one  of  the  lot;  and  the  Lord  help  him  if  he 
was  any  more  so  than  Ensign,  Paris  II,  Insignia  and  those  that  I  saw  win  races  there. 
On  the  other  hand  he  got  a  horse  called  Locksley  out  of  Vesper  by  Yattendon,  that 
was  as  handsome  a  horse  as  one  could  wish  to  look  at.  Jim  Mayo  had  him  in  the 
same  stable  with  Cardigan  and  we  were  always  being  told  that  the  Mayo-Chambers- 
contingent  were  going  to  bring  off  a  big  coup  with  Locksley  but,  when  it  came  down 
to  the  day  of  the  race,  it  was  the  big  chestnut  son  of  Goldsbrough  that  did  the  trick 
and  Locksley  stayed  in  the  stable.  But  it  was  just  as  I  said,  nothing  from  Grand 


'The  Australian   Thoroughbred 

master  raced  well  unless  he  partook  of  the  ragged  conformation  of  Gladiateur.  One 
of  Grandmaster's  daughters,  called  Grand  Lady,  was  brought  to  this  country  some 
years  ago  but  has  never  produced  anything  of  note.  She  is  out  of  Fine  Lady  by  Dare- 
bin,  the  next  dam  being  First  Lady  (imported)  the  dam  of  the  unbeaten  Grand  Flaneur. 
It  does  seem  as  if  so  highly  bred  a  mare  should  produce  well  to  any  stallion,  if  mated 
with  any  reasonable  degree  of  judgment. 

ST.  ALBAN'S,  by  Blair  Athol,  out  of  Pandora  by  Cotherstone,  from  Polydora  by 
Priam  (see  the  pedigree  of  Imp.  Warminster  for  extension)  is  not  to  be  confounded 
with  the  horse  of  same  name  who  won  the  St.  Leger,  Chester  Cup  and  Great  Metro- 
politan of  1860.  He  was  imported  as  a  yearling  into  Tasmania  by  Mr.  J.  Fields,  living 
near  Hobart,  who  bred  from  him  in  three  seasons,  two  winners  of  the  Melbourne  Cup 
— Malua  and  Sheet  Anchor — and  one  of  the  Caulfield  Cup,  in  Blink  Bonny.  After  these 
three  had  made  their  debut,  for  Sheet  Anchor's  two  miles  in  3  129^4  was  the  world's 
record  when  it  was  made,  Mr.  Fields  sold  the  horse  to  Mr.  John  Crozier  of  St.  Albans, 
where  the  grand  old  horse  died  some  years  later.  He  bred  very  little  quality,  most 
of  his  horses  being  of  the  bullocky  type  like  Blair  Athol,  but  I  don't  know  that  I  ever 
saw  a  horse  that  I  liked  better  than  Malua,  who  not  only  won  the  Adelaide  and  Aus- 
tralian Cups  with  129  pounds,  but  also  the  Melbourne  Cup  with  135,  being  the  only 
horse  to  annex  all  three  and  he  did  it  all  in  one  season ;  and  two  seasons  later  annexed 
the  Grand  National  Hurdle  race  at  Melbourne  with  his  owner,  Mr.  John  O.  Inglis,  in 
the  saddle.  Sheet  Anchor  was  a  totally  different-looking  horse  from  Malua  and, 
while  quite  as  tall,  did  not  weigh  within  150  pounds  of  him.  Malua  was  a  grand 
success  at  the  stud,  getting  Malvolio,  who  won  the  Melbourne  Cup  and  two  winners 
of  good  races  in  England,  but  Sheet  Anchor  was  a  dismal  failure,  and  even  if  ever 
Blink  Bonny,  who  greatly  enriched  the  Ballarat  and  Dowling  Forest  outfit,  produced 
anything  equal  to  herself,  I  never  heard  of  it. 

WILBERFORCE,  by  Oxford  (son  of  Birdcatcher  and  sire  of  Sterling,  St  mdard  and 
Playfair),  was  taken  out  to  that  country  by  somebody  living  on  the  Hawkesbury  and 
bred  some  excellent  horses,  full  of  bone  and  substance,  notably  Hastings  who  won  the 
Hawkesbury  Handicap  and  started  as  first  favorite  in  the  Melbourne  Cup  of  1884,  as 
already  detailed  in  my  reference  to  Malua.  I  never,  saw  a  finer  lot  of  upstanding 
horses  than  Wilberforce  got  in  that  country.  Oxford  also  got  Chandos,  who  was  im- 
ported by  E.  K.  Cox  to  take  the  place  of  Yattendon  when  he  died,  but  Chandos,  while 
he  bred  a  type  of  horses  well  above  the  average,  never  gotranything  so  good  as  Hast- 
ings. I  bred  two  mares  to  Hastings  in  1890  and  both  dropped  foals  after  their  ar- 
rival in  California.  One  of  these  was  a  bay  colt  that  died  at  six  days  old  and  the 
other,  a  chestnut  filly,  which  lived  less  than  three  months.  I  have  always  fancied  the 
Oxford  line  'of.  Birdcatcher  because  it  carries  so  much  bone  and  substance,  coupled 
with  excellent  temper;  and  hence  the  success  of  Gallinule  in  the  stud  (through  the  mar- 
velous Pretty  Polly)  is  particularly  gratifying  to  me. 

Australia  imported  several  sons  of  Stockwell  and  three  of  them  were  really  good, 
the  best  being  Ace  of  Clubs.  Ace  of  Clubs  got"  King  of  the  Ring  from  Rose  de  Flor- 
ence and  King  of  the  Ring  got  First  King,  who  defeated  Chester  at  three  miles  in  the 
Champion  Stakes,  establishing  a  new  world's  record  for  that  distance.  Another  fairly 
good  son  of  Stockwell  imported  was  Gang  Forward,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand 
Guineas  of  1873,  but  he  is  better  known  as  a  sire  of  broodmares  than  of  performers. 
Stockowner,  out  of  Ennui  (dam  of  Saunterer  and  fourth  dam  of  Pero  Gomez),  by 
Bay  Middleton,  was  "not  much  of  a  shower"  and  left  no  lasting  impression  upon  the 
stock  of  that  country.  Ace  of  Clubs  was  well  worth  all  of  the  rest  of  the  Stock- 
well  horses  taken  thither. 

Several  sons  of  Prince  Charlie  were  taken  out  there.  One  of  these  was  Clan 
Stuart,  who  got  a  mare  called  Georgic  that  was  sent  to  England,  where  she  won  the 
Cambridgeshire.  But  a  better  one  was  Lochiel,  who  was  imported  in  his  dam,  Nelly 


American  "Thoroughbred 

Moore  by  Voltigeur.  He  was  a  good-looking  brown  horse,  but  stood  a  trifle  short 
on  his  hinder  pasterns.  I  had  him  bought  for  £1,000,  but  my  bankers  refused  to  con- 
firm the  sale,  saying  that  their  letter  of  instructions  from  my  principal  (the  late  Hon. 
Leonard  J.  Rose)  did  not  contemplate  the  purchase  of  stallions.  In  the  six  years 
that  followed,  Lochiel  headed  the  list  of  winning  sires  no  less  than  four  times,  though 
not  for  any  such  moneys  as  Chester  and  Musket  before  him,  and  Trenton  after  him. 
His  get  were  chiefly  successful  in  short  races.  Lochiel  was  a  great  turf  horse  for  he 
won  the  Australian  Cup  of  1889  with  124  pounds  up,  two  miles  and  a  quarter;  and 
also  the  Newmarket  Handicap  at  six  furlongs,  with  126  pounds  in  the  saddle.  It  is 
given  to  but  few  horses  to  acquit  themselves  so  well  at  entirely  antagonistic  distances.  I 
could  have  taken  Lochiel  to  the  Blue  Grass  region  of  Kentucky  and  cleared  him  hand- 
somely, without  over-taxing  his  virility,  in  two  seasons.  But  "it  was  not  so  to  be." 

Outside  of  Neckersgat  and  Panic,  the  best  Herod  horse  they  had  in  that  country 
in  the  last  forty  years  was  another  in  utero  importation  named  Gozo  and  pronounced 
Got-so.  He  was  by  Wild  Oats  (son  of  Wild  Dayrell)  out  of  imported  Maltese  Cross 
by  Oxford  and  was  described  to  me  as  a  little  chap,  on  the  style  of  our  imported  Albion 
who  was  small  enough  for  a  polo  pony.  If  he  ever  raced  it  was  not  during5  my 
visits  to  the  land  of  the  Kangaroo,  but  he  got  two  brothers  named  Gaulus  and  The 
Grafter  out  of  Industry  by  Musket.  The  first  of  these  two  won  the  Melbourne  Cup 
and  his  brother  ran  second  to  him.  In  the  next  year  The  Grafter  won  with  125  pounds 
up  and,  on  the  strength  of  these  two  performances,  was  sent  to  England,  where  he 
won  one  or  two  good-sized  stakes.  A  sense  of  candor  compels  me  to  say  that  I  saw 
The  Grafter  in  England  and  he  was  about  the  ugliest  brute  I  ever  saw  on  a  race  track. 

PANIC  was  one  of  the  greatest  of  all  Herod's  descendants.  He  was  by  Alarm 
(son  of  Venison  and  winner  of  the  Cambridgeshire  at  three  years  and  the  Emperor 
of  Russia's  Cup  at  four),  out  of  Queen  of  Beauty  by  Melbourne,  from  Birthday  by  Pan- 
taloon, from  Maid  of  Honor  by  Champion,  the  rest  of  the  pedigree  being  that  of  im- 
ported Leamington  and  Darebin.  Panic  was  imported  from  England  as  a  yearling, 
but  got  lame  and  did  not  start  until  he  had  made  three  seasons  in  the  stud.  His 
owner  then  started  him  in  the  Champion  Race  at  three  miles,  with  134  pounds  up  and 
he  won  cleverly.  His  best  race  horse  was  little  Commotion,  of  course,  but  Welling- 
ton (who  also  won  the  Champion  and  the  V.  R.  C.  Derby)  was  a  good  deal  the  best 
as  a  sire,  especially  in  the  way  of  jumping  races,  for  he  got  Busaco,  one  of  the  great- 
est timber-toppers  the  world  has  ever  seen.  Think  of  a  horse  winning  one  race  three 
years  consecutively,  with  165,  172  and  178  pounds  respectively,  and  that  was  just  what 
old  Busaco  did.  Panic  would  have  been  a  great  horse  had  he  never  gotten  anything 
but  Commotion.  Wellington  lived  to  a  good  old  age  and  got  many  useful  horses.  I 
brought  one  of  his  daughters  (Catherine  Wheel)  to  California  in  1891,  but  she  died  the 
property  of  Mr.  J.  N.  Camden  of  Versailles,  Kentucky,  without  oroducing  a  foal  in 
America.  Her  daughter,  Atossa,  by  Dunlop,  is  now  owned  at  the  Napa  Stock  Farm 
by  Mr.  Adolph  B.  Spreckels. 

WHICH  was  the  greatest  of  all  Australian  sires,  did  you  say?  Trenton,  as  a  sire 
of  performers,  or  course.  He  headed  the  list  of  sires  in  Australia,  six  years  (or  was 
it  seven?)  after  he  had  been  shipped  to  England,  where  he  is  now  voted  only  fairly 
good.  Had  he  remained  in  the  Colonies  he  might  have  had  as  many  years  of  pre- 
miership to  his  credit  as  had  St.  Simon  in  England,  for  no  other  horse  within  my 
knowledge  has  ever  had  so  many  eight  and  nine-year-old  horses  to  win  for  him — on 
the  flat  of  course — as  Trenton  did.  The  beautiful  old  horse  with  his  graceful  poise 
of  the  neck  and  his  exquisitely  sculptured  head,  will  long  be  one  of  the  many  sweet 
memories  of  my  only  visit  to  Cobham.  Not  by  any  means  so  large  a  horse  as  Norden- 
felt  or  Hotchkiss,  by  the  same  sire,  nor  so  fashionably-bred  (from  an  English  point  of 
view)  he  is  a  better  balanced  horse  than  either  and  has  easily  outbred  them  and  all 
other  sons  of  Musket,  the  mighty  Carbine  included. 


Australian   Thoroughbred 


YATTENDON  looms  out  above  all  the  rest  as  a  double-line  horse,  equally  prominent 
as  a  sire  of  great  broodmares  and  of  sires  as  well.  He  is  as  conspicuous  in  his  native 
land  as  was  Sir  Archy  in  America  a  hundred  years  ago.  He  came  up  from  obscur- 
ity, through  sheer  merit,  as  signally  as  did  Washington  among  American  generals  or 
William  Bede  Dalley  among  the  statesmen  of  Australia.  There  was  but  one  Stockwell 
in  England  and  but  one  Yattendon  in  Australia.  Before  him  and  behind  him,  alike,  all 
is  space  and  silence.  He  was  a  horse  "without  a  model  and  without  a  shadow." 

I  cannot  close  this  chapter,  which  I  trust  contains  some  new  information  to  readers 
in  my  native  land,  without  paying  a  brief  tribute  to  the  management  .of  the  Australian 
race  courses  which  are  fifty  years  ahead  of  those  of  England  and,  in  many  things,  ad- 
vanced beyond  ours.  The  Flemington  Course,  near  Melbourne,  is  as  far  ahead  of 
Morris  Park  as  that  track  is  ahead  of  any  other  in  America,  and  no  candid-minded 
American  who  sees  it  will  contradict  me.  They  have  a  clock  on  top  of  the  judge's 
stand  which  is  started  by  electricity  at  the  starting  post  and  stopped  by  an  attendant 
seated  over  the  judge's  head.  There  is  not  a  trotting  association  in  all  America  that 
has  the  moral  courage  to  put  a  clock  like  that,  where  the  exact  time  can  be  given 
without  a  consultation  as  to  whether  John  Jones'  horse  will  be  thrown  out  of  the  2:30 
class  next  year  or  not. 

The  spectators'  stands  are  three  in  number  and  the  prices  are  graduated  to  suit  the 
popular  taste  as  well  as  the  individual  purse.  Here  is  a  rough  diagram : 


D 


B 


o  E 

A — Gateway  into  the  course.     B — the  grand  stand.      C — the    Maribynong    stand. 

D.    — the  Hill  stand,  85  feet  above  the  track.     E — the  judge's  box.     F — stairs  to  Hill 
stand. 


The  grand  stand  prices  are  $5  on  Derby  and  Cup  days,  which  also  includes  an  ad- 
mission to  the  saddling  paddock,  and  on  ordinary  days  $2.50,  called  in  their  vernacular 
"ten  bob."  To  the  Maribynong  stand,  which  lies  up  the  stretch  from  the  judge's  box, 
the  admission  fee  is  $3  on  Cup  days  and  half  that  sum  on  other  days ;  and  to  the  Hill 
stand,  where  you  look  down  upon  the  horses'  backs  as  they  fly  past  you,  it  is  $2  on 
Cup  days  and  one-half  that  amount  on  other  days.  Under  each  of  these  stands  is  a 
nicely  finished  basement,  fitted  up  as  a  restaurant.  Under  the  grand  stand  it  is  six 
shillings  for  dinner  with  native  wine  included ;  under  the  Maribynong  stand  the  price  is 
four  shillings  but  the  vin  ordinaire  is  not  so  good ;  and  under  the  Hill  stand  it  is  two 
shillings  and  sixpence,  a  dry  meal  but  well  cooked  and  served. 

One  thing  impressed  me  very  curiously  about  their  racing.  They  only  weigh  out 
four  horses  at  the  conclusion  of  a  race,  the  fourth's  horse's  weight  being  checked  out 
to  insure  him  third  money  in  the  event  of  a  disqualification  of  any  of  the  three  that 


/7<5  'The  American  Thoroughbred 

finished  in  front  of  him.  Now  if  a  man  wants  to  "throw  off"  a  horse,  so  as  to  get  a 
lighter  weight  upon  him,  it  would  be  very  easy  to  weigh  in  with  the  proper 
weight  and  then  slip  in  eight  or  ten  pounds  extra  when  saddling  up.  He 
would  make  no  attempt  to  win  but  would  finish  "in  the  steerage ;"  and  the  fraud  would 
not  be  detected  till  odds  of  20  to  i  were  bet  against  him  in  some  future  race,  and 
then  he  would  "come  home  on  the  bit."  It  may  be,  however,  that  this  custom  pertains 
only  to  the  more  important  events;  and  that,  in  all  the  smaller  events,  every  horse  is 
weighed  out,  as  in  America.  I  have  only  seen  racing  for  stake  events  and  what  I 
have  said  above  may  be  a  gross  error  as  to  smaller  meetings  and  less  important  races. 

For  one  thing  the  Australian  people  deserve  credit  and  that  is  the  drastic  and 
wholesome  way  in  which  the  English  love  of  fair  play  is  enforced  on  their  tracks,  and 
to  my  notion  with  an  intensified  degree  of  severity.  Want  of  space  compels  me  to 
restrict  myself  to  one  example.  At  the  Great  Metropolitan  meeting  of  1888  at  Sydney 
there  was  a  mare  entered  named  The  Nun,  by  First  King  out  of  Pilgrimage.  She 
was  in  with  a  fairly  lightweight  and  could  have  won  the  race  which  was  won  by  an 
ugly  brute  named  Lamond.  It  was  very  evident  that  she  had  "got  the  rope"  in  the 
hope  of  "making  a  big  killing"  with  her  in  the  Caulfield  Cup,  about  four  weeks  off. 
The  fraud  was  easily  detected  and  the  stewards  of  the  A.  J.  C.  ruled  off  her  owner, 
Mr.  McKenzie,  for  life ;  her  trainer,  I  think  his  name  was  Dowd,  for  fifteen  years ;  and 
her  rider,  Chris  Moore,  for  five  years.  Moore  claimed  he  had  "ridden  to  orders" 
and,  as  he  was  a  boy  of  previous  good  character,  the  ban  was  lifted  at  the  end  of  four 
years,  after  which  I  met  him  in  San  Francisco.  The  trainer  got  back  at  the  end  of 
nine  years,  but  the  owner  is  still  outside  the  rails  and  the  ticket  officers  have  his  pho- 
tograph on  all  the  principal  courses  to  warn  the  clubs  against  selling  him  a  card  of 
admission.  That  is  the  correct  way,  too.  Let  'the  heaviest  punishment  fall  upon 
him  who  furnishes  the  money  for  jobbery  and  there  will  not  be  so  many  jobs  at- 
tempted. 

The  population  of  Australia  is  a  rugged  and  healthy  one,  through  plenty  of  out- 
door life  and  a  manly  love  for  honest  labor.  The  regiment  which  was  fitted  out  at 
Sydney  by  William  Bede  Dalley,  to  go  to  the  relief  of  "Chinese  Gordon"  at  Khartoum, 
was  the  most  magnificent  body  of  cavalry  that  ever  leaped  into  saddles,  to  answer  a 
bugle-call,  since  the  hand  of  man  was  first  raised  against  his  fellow  man  in  warfare. 
They  are  a  kind-hearted  people,  too,  as  witness  the  generous  sum  of  money  they  heaped 
up  for  the  widow  and  children  of  little  Tommy  Corrigan,  the  steeple-chase  jockey 
who  was  killeu  at  Flemington  about  eight  years  ago.  Moreover,  they  are  a  hospitable 
people,  as  were  the  Californians  of  pioneer  days,  before  the  transcontinental  railways 
were  built.  That  hospitality  is  the  outgrowth  of  isolation  and  as  Australia  is  7,500 
miles  from  San  Francisco  and  more  than  twice  that  distance  from  London,  I  think 
the  day  will  never  come  when  the  Australians  will  be  other  than  a  generous  and  open- 
handed  people.  It  is  the  same  with  all  classes.  The  wool  king  offers  you  his  cham- 
pagne and  roast  pheasant  with  the  same  cordiality  that  the  woodchopper,  a  thousand 
miles  from  no  place,  invites  you  to  his  frugal  repast  of  mutton  and  "damper."  It  is 
the  custom  of  the  country  and  they  have  no  desire  to  change  it. 

I  never  again  expect  to  hear  the  Victorians  say :  "Well,  how  do  you  find  Melbourne 
— isn't  its  growth  something  marvelous?"  Nor  to  hear  the  Sydney  man's  stereo- 
typed query,  "What  do  you  think  of  our  beautiful  harbor?"  (I  have  always  pitied 
Captain  Cook  because  there  was  nobody  to  ask  him  that  question  when  he  landed  at 
the  present  site  of  the  Circular  Quay.)  But  my  heart  goes  back  to  many  brilliantly- 
lighted  evenings  in  Melbourne  and  many  sunny  days  in  New  South  Wales;  and  for 
the  sake  of  those  days  that  can  never  return  I  pray  that  there  may  be  always  a  rose 
looking  into  every  onen  window  in  that  fair  land  of  perennial  liberty  and  light. 


THE    BRUCE    LOWE    SYSTEM    OF    BREED- 
ING   B  T    FIGURES 

Some  time  along  in  May,  1890,  I  was  the  guest  of  the  late  Frank  Reynolds,  of 
Tocal,  on  the  Paterson  river  in  New  South  Wales.  In  the  course  of  an  after-dinner 
conversation,  Mr.  Reynolds  said  to  me : 

"You  have  met  Bruce  Lowe,  I  presume." 

I  replied  in  the  affirmative.  Mr.  Reynolds  then  went  on  to  say.  "He  and  I 
were  boys  together  and  the  friendship  that  began  then  has  stood  the  test  for  forty 
odd  years.  He  called  on  me  the  last  time  I  was  in  Sydney  and  told  me  he  was  gath- 
ering the  material  for  a  book  on  breeding.  And  you  know  Lowe  is  an  ingenious 
chap  in  his  -own  way.  You  Americans  give  a  number  to  each  of  your  trotting  stal- 
lions and  Lowe  has  conceived  the  idea  of  reversing  that  proposition  and  numbering  the 
mares." 

"What.    All  the  mares  in  the  British  Stud  Book?     Surely  not." 

"By  no  means,"  replied  Mr.  Reynolds.  "You  know  that  all  the  classical  win- 
ners of  England  trace  to  some  one  of  forty-three  mares,  such  as  the  Tregonwell  Barb 
mare,  ancestress  of  Whalebone  and  Whisker;  the  Layton  Barb  mare  from  which  we 
get  Thormanby,  Apology  and  your  Derby  winner  Iroquois,  and  the  Old  Vintner  mare 
to  which  trace  St.  Giles  and  Bloomsbury.  Now  he  classifies  each  of  these  mares 
by  a  number,  making  the  Tregonwell  Barb  mare  No.  i  in  his  system  because  more 
classic  winners  trace  to  her  than  to  any  other.  Next  comes  the  Burton  Barb  mare 
to  which  trace  Harkaway,  Blacklock,  Voltigeur,  Sir  Hercules  and  other  good  ones. 
Stockwell,  Rataplan,  King  Tom,  Lanercost  and  The  Flying  Dutchman  trace  to  the 
dam  of  the  True  Blues,  which  makes  his  No.  3  family  and  so  on." 

"Well,  that  is  all  right,  so  far  as  performances  go,  but  that  No.  3  family  is  far- 
and-away  the  best  family,  so  far  as  sires  go,"  I  replied. 

'That  is  just  what  I  told  him,"  said  Mr.  Reynolds,  "but  he  gets  around  that  by 
marking  the  sire  families  in  blue  pencil  and  the  performing  families  in  red,  by  way 
of  distinction." 

Three  years  after  that  I  met  Mr.  Lowe  at  Pasadena,  where  he  was  the  guest 
of  the  late  Simeon  G.  Reed  in  whose  employ  as  a  steamboat  officer  I  had  been,  a 
quarter  of  a  century  previously.  Mr.  Lowe  was  always  very  gentlemanly,  but  very 
dogmatical,  showing  that  the  doctrine  of  infallibility  was  not  confined  to  the  Vatican. 
One  of  his  pet  ideas  was  that  Lexington  was  a  horse  of  no  real  merit  in  himself,  but 
was  entirely  indebted  for  his  success  to  the  daughters  of  Glencoe  with  which  he  had 
been  mated  through  a  monopoly  of  that  blood  acquired  by  Mr.  Robert  Alexander.  I 
took  occasion  to  carry  all  my  American  books  over  to  him  the  next  day  and  showed 
him  conclusively  that  the  four  best  horses  of  Lexington's  get  had  not  a  drop  of  Glen- 
coe blood  in  them,  these  being  Tom  Bowling,  Harry  Bassett,  Duke  of  Magenta  and 
Kingfisher.  This  staggered  him,  as  he  had  been  told  that  Norfolk,  Asteroid  and 
Wanderer  were  the  best.  He  left  for  England  about  two  months  later  and  died 
shortly  after  his  arrival  in  London,  appointing  Mr.  William  Allison,  of  the  Interna- 
tional Horse  Exchange,  45  Pall  Mall,  as  his  literary  executor. 

Like  most  other  inventors,  Mr.  Lowe  was  sadly  deficient  in  the  bump  of  order, 
speaking  from  a  clerical  standpoint.  His  notes  were  written  on  old  envelopes  and 


178  'The  American  Thoroughbred 

even  cast-off  wrappers  from  his  colonial  newspapers,  in  some  instances ;  and  the 
reader  can  judge  whether  Mr.  Allison  had  any  difficulty  in  unravelling  those  tangled 
skeins.  Finally  Mr.  Allison  got  the  book  out  and  sent  the  proceeds  to  Mr.  Lowe's 
sister  at  Morpeth,  in  New  South  Wales,  and  then  sat  down  quietly  for  four  yeaf s 
to  study  out  the  many  glaring  errors  in  Mr.  Lowe's  book,  of  which  he  found  nearly 
three  hundred.  In  1891  after  the  entire  edition  of  Mr.  Lowe's  work  had  been  sold 
out,  so  it  afforded  no  more  revenue  for  his  sole  surviving  relative  (or  for  Mr.  H.  C. 
White,  of  New  South  Wales,  who  had  furnished  "the  sinews  of  war"  for  Mr.  Lowe's 
undertaking)  Mr.  Allison  got  out  a  book  of  his  own  as  a  sequel  to  Mr.  Lowe's  book, 
showing  a  most  commendable  degree  of  delicacy  and  self-abnegation  in  the  premises. 
I  commend  a  perusal  of  Mr.  Allison's  work  in  preference  to  Mr.  Lowe's,  because  It  is 
compiled  in  a  more  orderly  and  systematic  manner.  I  am  as  much  indebted  to  Mr. 
Allison's  book  as  to  any  other  authority  used  in  the  compilation  of  this  work ;  and 
never  lose  a  chance  to  thank  him  for  many  valuable  suggestions. 

What  I  disliked  about  Mr.  Lowe's  book  was,  the  summary  and  apparently  thought- 
less way  he  dismissed  the  great  Waxy  (of  the  No.  18  family)  when  it  is  known  that 
the  male  line  of  Waxy  has  won  two  Derbys  and  nearly  three  St.  Legers  to  any  other 
lines  one;  and  that  his  daughters  were  as  prolific  as  his  sons  were  potent,  in  the 
production  of  great  winners.  He  devoted  whole  pages  to  Stockwell,  Rataplan  and 
Touchstone  in  England,  as  well  as  to  Yattendon  in  Australia,  without  seeming  to 
realize  that  none  of  those  truly  great  sires  could  have  existed  without  the  presence 
of  Waxy  as  their  male  line  ancestor.  Another  thing  I  did  not  fancy  about  his  book 
was  his  undisguised  purpose  to  belittle  Sterling  just  because  he  happened  to  be  .a 
"sprinter,"  and  a  general  disposition  to  "damn  with  faint  praise"  the  Oxford  branch 
of  Birdcatcher,  when  everybody  knows  that  it  carries  more  bone  than  any  other  line 
save  that  of  Melbourne,  a  good  muscular  development,  generally  speaking,  and  almost 
uniformly  a  good  temper.  Sterling  is  the  only  horse  since  Camel  foaled  in  1322  to 
get  three  winners  of  the  Ascot  Gold  Cup,  Isonomy  winning  it  twice  and  winning  the 
Whitsuntide  Plate  at  Manchester  with  136  pounds  in  the  saddle,  conceding  29  pounds 
to  the  second  horse.  Isonomy  classes  up  fairly  with  Charles  XII,  Lanercost,  Rata- 
plan, Fandango  and  Fisherman;  and  probably  a  better  horse  than  any  other  of  the 
last  forty  years,  whether  as  performer  or  sire,  for  he  is  the  only  stallion  in  history 
to  get  two  winners  of  "the  triple  crown."  And  I  wonder  what  Mr.  Lowe  would  say 
if  he  were  alive  today  to  see  Pretty  Polly,  a  great-granddaughter  of  the  pooh-poohed 
Sterling,  now  credited  with  fourteen  consecutive  victories,  including  the  Oaks  and 
St.  Leger,  without  a  single  defeat. 

For  all  this  don't  understand  me  that  Mr.  Lowe's  book  is  not  a  valuable  one 
to  the  breeder,  for  it  is  in  England  and  France,  and  may  be  equally  so  in  Australia, 
though  they  have  many  good  mares  in  that  country — notably  the  dams  of  Bravo 
and  Stromboli — that  trace  to  daughters  of  an  Arab  stallion  at  the  third  or  fourth 
generation.  But  in  America  it  is  of  no  earthly  use,  except  both  the  stallion  and  the 
mare  to  be  mated  with  him  are  imported !  The  figures  come  out  all  right  in  Eng- 
land with  but  a  few  exceptions,  although  Pretty  Polly,  the  best  filly  in  English  his- 
tory, and  just  so  much  better  than  Scepter  and  La  Fleche  as  they  are  better  than 
Crucifix,  did  not  figure,  at  the  opening  of  the  current  season,  better  than  fourth 
among  the  three-year-olds,  yet  what  she  achieved  is  already  a  goodly  bit  of  history. 

But  the  Bruce  Lowe  system  is  generally  faulty  in  American  breeding  for  the 
reason  that  we  have  so  many  great  producing  mares  that  do  not  trace  back  to  any 
of  the  mares  embodied  in  that  system.  Take  two  of  the  five  best  sons  of  the  im- 
mortal Lexington — Tom  Bowling,  the  best  horse  he  ever  got,  and  Duke  of  Magenta, 
who  won  twelve  out  of  thirteen  races — and  their  pedigrees  "run  into  the  ground"  at 
the  fifth  generation.  Then  take  those  five  great  brothers — Spendthrift,  Miser,  Fellow- 
craft,  Rutherford  and  Wildidle,  and  what  do  they  trace  to?  Answer:  a  mare  "said 


The   Australian  Thoroughbred 

to  be  thoroughbred  and  brought  to  Kentucky  from  Virginia  bv  Mr.  T.  D.  Owings." 
Then  there  was  Picayune,  dam  of  Doubloon,  Louis  d'Or  and  Florin,  and  I  have 
been  astonished  that  sh  ewas  ever  admitted  into  the  Stud  Book.  Take  Princess 
Ann,  by  imported  Leviathan,  you  will  find  she  has  no  fifth  dam,  but  she  produced 
seven  fillies  from  which  some  good  performers  have  come  on  in  later  generations. 
Then  there  is  that  mare  of  unknown  pedigree  "from  the  stud  of  Harrison,  of  Brandon, 
Va.,  to  which  trace  such  flyers  as  Molly  McCarthy  and  her  wonderful  daughter, 
Fallen  Leaf ;  Flood  and  Shannon,  over  the  average  as  sires ;  Kinglike,  sire  of  a 
Futurity  winner;  Joe  Hooker,  sire  of  the  great  Yo  Tambien,  and  Hidalgo,  winner  of 
the  Emporium  Stakes  at  Coney  Island.  Then  you  come  to  Madame  Tonson,  dam 
of  Monsieur  Tonson  and  Sir  Richard.  Her  pedigree  ran  out  at  the  third  dam, 
yet  it  is  well  known  that  she  produced  to  the  cover  of  Pacolet  (a  Matchem  horse 
by  imported  Citizen)  three  of  the  best  winners  of  their  day,  from  one  mile  to  four; 
and  that  Monsieur  Tonson  was  about  the  best  sire  in  Tennessee,  while  in  his  prime. 

In  this  way  I  could  go  on  indefinitely  and  cite  cases  where  the  Bruce  Lowe 
system  could  have  no  possible  bearing  on  breeding  in  America.  It  would  be  different 
if  these  faulty  lines  had  all  run  out,  but  they  have  not.  Spendthrift,  never  a  premier 
sire  himself,  but  always  clamoring  loudly  for  a  well-deserved  recognition,  got  two 
premier  sires — Kingston  and  Hastings — and,  in  addition  to  them,  has  Lamplighter  and 
Boanerges  coming  right  along  as  sires  of  something  more  than  merely  useful  horses. 
Yet  he  traces  to  nothing  in  the  Bruce  Lowe  system,  nor  did  Enquirer,  one  of  the 
best  three  sons  of  old  Leamington,  counting  by  the  moneys  won;  and  the  very  best, 
if  you  figure  according  to  the  number  of  races  won.  I  must  therefore  adhere  to  my 
beh'ef,  expressed  above,  that  the  Bruce  Lowe  system  is  of  no  value  to  American 
breeders,  except  where  the  sire  and  dam  are  both  imported,  or  where  both  the  stallion 
and  the  mare,  if  native  bred,  trace  to  some  mare  embodied  in  that  system. 

I  cannot  close  this  without  a  tribute  of  respect  to  Mr.  Bruce  Lowe  as  a  man. 
He  came  of  an  old  family  of  Scotch  colonists  and  united  the  courage  of  the  typical 
pioneer  to  the  modesty  of  a  country  school  girl.  When  he  died,  I  wrote  of  him  as 
follows :  "Certainly  no  other  American  knew  Mr.  Lowe  so  well  as  I  did.  A  total 
stranger  on  a  foreign  shore,  I  found  in  him  a  companion  whose  nature  was  all 
sincerity  and  his  friendship  a  Heaven-born  truth.  His  life  was  pure  and  gentle,  his 
bearing  always  manly.  He  was  a  confirmed  invalid  for  years  prior  to  his  decease.  He 
beheld  the  springtide  burst  forth  in  its  emerald  sheen ;  the  summer,  in  its  glow  of  sun- 
shine and  its  plethora  of  ripening  fruit;  the  autumn,  with  its  vista  of  purple  and 
gold  upon  'the  embattled  forests,'  heralding  the  Frost  King's  approach;  and  yet, 
in  all  those  long  and  wearisome  years,  not  one  querulous  whisper  escaped  his  lips. 
At  length  came  the  end  for  God  had  recalled  one  of  his  noblemen  from  a  foreign 
mission.  The  Infinite  had  approved  a  worthy  life  and  rewarded  it  with  a  comparatively 
painless  death.  Courageous  in  everything,  he  carried  his  sterling  manhood  unsullied 
to  the  grave;  and  we  can  truthfully  say  of  him,  as  Tennyson  wrote  of  'Chinese' 
Gordon,  that  'Earth  hath  ne'er  held  a  purer,  manlier  man.' " 


Converse  In- Breeding 

Say  what  you  will  about  in-breeding,  it  is  the  only  way  of  perpetuating  the  blood  of 
heroes.  But  as  there  is  a  right  way  and  a  wrong  way  to  do  everything,  the  remark  ap- 
plies unto  breeding  horses  as  well  as  to  anything  else.  It  is  one  of  those  matters  wherein 
"Very  much  depends  upon  the  style  in  which  it's  done."  The  English  began  it  by 
mating  together  the  sons  and  daughters  of  their  great  stallions,  but  out  of  different 
dams,  which  was  incestuous  enough  in  all  conscience,  but  the  Virginians  of  a  century 
ago,  actually  mated  Sir  Archy  with  his  own  daughters,  the  stallion  Ringgold,  by  Boston 
(a  male-line  grandson  of  Sir  Arch)',  by  the  way)  out  of  Flirtilla  Jr.  by  Sir  Archy  out 
of  old  Flirtilla — who  beat  Ariel  a  $5000  match  on  Long  Island — by  Sir  Archy,  being 
the  most  convenient  example  at  hand.  Of  such  action  only  one  result  could  be  naturally 
expected — a  lot  of  horses  of  greafr  size  and  beauty  but  of  no  durability  as  campaigners. 

But  there  is  a  species  of  in-breeding  that  does  no  harm.  For  instance,  you  find  a 
great  many  well-bred  horses  in  England  that  have  Stockwell  or  his  brother,  Rataplan, 
on  one  side  and  their  half-brother,  King  Tom,  on  the  other,  these  being  in  free  genera- 
tions, of  course,  and  all  the  intermediate  crosses  entirely  dissimilar.  Ayrshire,  now 
probably  the  best  male-line  descendant  of  Touchstone  on  earth,  has  one  cross  each  of 
Rataplan  and  Stockwell  and  four  of  Touchstone,  who  was  his  fourth  sire  on  the  top 
line  and  the  sire  of  his  fourth  dam  on  the  bottom  line.  Here  are  some  examples  of  this  to 
which  I  have,  for  the  want  of  a  better  name,  given  that  of  "converse  in-breeding."  Here 
are  three  samples  of  this  method : 


Newminster.  . 


K 


<->    1 


The  Slave 


o    (  Kettledrum.  .  . 


Haricot. 


j  Camel,  by  Whalebone 
\  Banter,  by  Master  Henry 
rj  \  Dr.  Syntax,  by  Paynator 

eswing 1   Tomboy's  dam,  by  Ardrossan 

(  it  it,  j  Humphrey  Clinker,  by  Comus 

.    i  Melbourne \  Daughter  of  Cervantes 

f-17  ti  -I  Voltaire,  by  Blacklock 

1   VoUey (  Martha  Lynn,  by  Mulatto 

(  The  Baron,  by  Birdcatcher 

RataPlan {  Pocahontas,  by  Glencoe 

The  Provost,  by  The  Saddler 


Touchstone.  . 


Hybla. 


! 


Otisina,  by  Liverpool 
(  Liverpool,  by  Tramp 

Lanercost ]  Otis,  by  Bustard 

]  Gladiator,  by  Partisan 

"|   Daughter   of  Plenipotentiary 


Queen  Mary. . 


,         .  .  j  Voltaire,  by  Blacklock 

f  Vedette t  Voltigeur ^  Martha  Lynn,  by  Muh 

1  ,_.        _.,  j  Birdcatcher,  by  Sir  H 

(  Mrs.  Ridgway 1   xTo«  no^^.n    1,,,  T«V,<,, 


Mulatto 


in   •       -r>     u         (  Flying  Dutchman 
I  Flying  Duchess   J       J 


0 


Thormanby. 


Woodbine 


Nan  Darrell,  by  Inheritor 
Bay  Middleton,  by  S'atton 

s  v  Barbelle,  by  Sandbeck 

/   ,,  j   Voltaire,  by  Blacklock 

1  Mer°Pe 1  Velocipede's  dam 

,,,.    j,  (   Pantaloon,  byjCasirsJ .h/ 

Wmdhound •  \   Ph^nT^y-^clT^onT^ 

Muley  Moloch,  by  Muley 
Rebecca,  by  Lottery 
The  Baron,  by  Birdcatcher 
Pocahontas,  by  Glencoe 

Camel 
Dr.  Syntax 


S  W  L~tai.  TC 


Alice  Hawthorn, 


{(Honeysuckle. ... 
ox     i  ~    rT\  i  Touchstone,  by 

Stockwell \    Beeswing,  by  E 


r-cTl. 


182 


The  American   Thoroughbred 


The  great  Chester,  alluded  to  in  the  chapter  devoted  to  the  thoroughbred  horses 
of  the  Australian  States,  is  bred  in  a  similar  manner,  to-wit : 


f  Sir  Hercules 
(Colonial) 


,   r  r>-  *  i  The  Colonel,  by  Whisker 

\   Lap    a    J    e   }  Sist.  to  Cactus,' by  Sultan 

1  -p  ...  i  Sir  Hercules*  by  Whalebone 

araguay   •)  Paradigm>  by  Partisan 


(   Tros* 
I  Cassandra J 


j   Priam,  by  Emilias 
'  '    (  Ally,  by  Partisan 


(  Stockwell. 
I 


Ar       r  j  Rous  Emigrant*  by  Pioneer 

Alice  Gray }  Gulnare,  by  Y.  Gohanna 

(  Birdcatcher,   by    Sir   Hercules 

The  Baron •?  T7^i-,;^^,n    v,,r  'RVr.nr.mict 


5th 


Echidna,  by  Economist 
i   Glencoe,  by  Sultan 
Pocahontas -j   Marpessai   by   Muley 

I  Economist,  by  Whisker 

I  Austrey j  Harkaway -j  Fanny  Dawsoll!  by  Nabocklish 

)   „  ..  \  Emilius,  by  Orville 

(  Zella ]  Appolonia,   by  Whisker 

dam,  My  Lady  by  Comus ;  6th,  the  Colonel's  by  Deloini. 


*  Bred  in  England;  t  won  the  Sydney  Gold  Cup; 

Here  is  an  almost  parallel  case  to  that  of  Ayrshire,  save  that  the  Delpini  mare 
which  produced  The  Colonel  (St.  Leger  of  '28  and  dead  heat  for  the  Derby)  was  six 
removes  from  Chester  on  his  dam's  side  and  only  five  on  his  sire's.  I  am  always  in 
favor  of  this  kind  of  in-breeding,  provided  the  intermediate  crosses  are  entirely  dissimi- 
lar, as  in  the  cases  of  Ayrshire  and  Chester. 

Now  then,  for  a  noble  old  patriarch,  just  about  six  months  dead  and  about  as  good 
as  he  was  beautiful,  the  best  Herod  stallion  imported  into  America  since  the  day  that 
the  old  sway-backed  and  white-eyed  Glencoe  landed  in  New  York,  nearly  seventy 
years  ago : 


*  / 


„•  (  Pantaloon  ..... 

"-'  i 

.a 

/•Jj  i   Pasquinade, 

Sis   to 

,§  1  T'chst'ne. 

H 


H 


(  Elis 

«    j 

£    i  Languid. 


c/i 


S    (  Newminster.  . 

S 

m 

s    ! 


- 

ClJ 


Q  (^  The  Arrow.  . 
js  ,-  Voltigeur. .  .. 
Q  i  Priestess 


(  Castrel 

( Idalia | 

Camel j 

Banter j 

^  Langar j 

(  Olympia j 

i  Cain i 

(Lydia j 

(  Touchstone J 

(  Beeswing i 

Slane '-j 

Southdown 4 

Voltaire j 

Martha  Lynn 4 

f  The  Doctor j 

"j  The  Biddy j 


*Buzzard,  by  Woodpecker. 

Dau.  of  Alexander,  by  Eclipse. 

Peruvian,  by  Sir  Peter. 

Musidora,  by  Meteor. 

Whalebone,  by  Waxy. 

Dau.  of  Selim,  by  *Buzzard. 

Master  Henry,  by  Orville. 

Boadicea,  by  Alexander 

Selim,  by  *Buzzard. 

Dau.  of  Walton,  by  Sir  Peter. 

Sir  Oliver,  by  Sir  Peter. 

Scotilla,  by  Anvil. 

Paulowitz,  by  Sir  Paul. 

Dau.  of  Paynator,  by  Trumpator. 

Poulton,  by  Sir  Peter. 

Variety,   by    Hyacinthus. 

Camel,  by  Whalebone. 

Banter,  by  Master  Henry. 

Dr.  Syntax,  by  Paynator. 

Dau.  of  Ardrossan,  by  John  Bull. 

Royal  Oak,  by  Catton. 

Dau,  of  Orville,  by  Beningbrough. 

Defence,  by  Whalebone. 

Feltona,  by  X.  Y.  Z. 

Blacklock.  by  Whitelock. 

Dau.   of   Phantom,  by   Walton. 

Mulatto,  by  Catton. 

Desdemona,  by  Orville. 

Dr.   Syntax,   by   Paynator. 

Dau.  of  Lottery,  by  Tramp. 

Bran,  by  Humphrey  Clinker. 

Idalia  by  Peruvian. 


Bred  in  England. 


Converse   In-Breeding  i8j 

We  have  seldom  had  a  better  (if  as  good)  stallion  in  America  than  the  honest  old 
bay  horse  that  was  mercifully  destroyed  at  the  Rancho  del  Paso  in  May  last.  I  say  "if 
as  good,"  for  the  simple  reason  that  he  is  the  only  stallion  in  history  to  get  the  winners 
of  over  two  hundred  races  in  one  season  ;  and  the  only  horse,  within  my  knowledge, 
to  surpass  all  others  in  a  given  year,  not  only  in  the  amount  of  moneys  won  but  in  the 
number  of  races  won  likewise.  Sir  Modred's  sons  do  not  show  up  for  much  as  sires, 
but  his  daughters  are  among  the  best  in  the  land,  one  of  them  having  produced  Water 
Boy,  the  best  handicap  horse  in  America  in  1903,  by  several  pounds.  Now  look  over 
the  pedigree  of  Sir  Modred  and  you  will  see  that  Idalia  (by  Peruvian  out  of  Musi- 
dora  by  Meteor)  is  the  fifth  dam  of  Sir  Modred  and  the  dam  of  his  third  sire  Panta- 
loon, whom  Admiral  Rons  styled  "The  Fifst  Gentleman  of  Europe."  Pantaloon  was  a 
chestnut  in  color  and  Sir  Modred  of  that  rare  tint  known  as  "Claret  Bay,"  but  he  was 
a  perfect  Pantaloon  horse  in  conformation  and  a  thorough  "gentleman,"  if  ever  I  saw 
one.  Whether  he  ever  got  a  first-class  horse  is  open  to  dispute,  Tournament  being  the 
only  one  to  approach  that  standard.  But  in  the  matter  of  horses  capable  of  winning 
from  $8000  to  $12,000  in  a  single  season,  I  never  saw  nor  heard  01  his  equal  unless  it 
was  the  marvelous  Lexington,  who  was,  like  Sir  Modred,  a  Herod  horse,  but  from  the 
No.  12  family,  while  the  great  Maori  horse  was  from  No.  17.  Peace  to  his  ashes  and 
honor  to  the  man  whose  sagacity  led  up  to  his  importation. 

There  are  families  which  in-breed  well  and  other  which  do  not.  Here  is  an  example 
for  you :  Glencoe  was  by  Sultan,  out  ofTrampoline  by  Tramp,  from  Web  by  Waxy.  Bay 
Middleton,  also  by  Sultan,  out  of  Cobweb  (the  Oaks  winner  of  1824)  by  Phantom 
(Derby  of  1811)  from  Filagree  by  Soothsayer  (St.  Leger  of  1811)  from  Web  by  Waxy. 
Hence  Glencoe  was  an  alleged  uncle  to  the  Derby  winner  of  1836.  There  is  no  blood  in 
the  world,  of  the  same  date  as  Glencoe,  unless  it  be  Touchstone,  that  in-breeds  as  well 
as  his  has  done.  Yet  Bay  Middleton's  blood  never  in-bred  well  as  a  rule  and,  as  late  as 
1885  the  great  Australian  stallion,  Maribyrnong,  was  the  only  successful  stallion  in  the 
world  that  had  two  crosses  of  Bay  Middleton.  One  of  these  he  got  through  the  grand- 
dam  of  his  sire,  Fisherman ;  and  the  other  through  Flying  Dutchman,  the  sire  of  hig 
dam,  Rose  de  Florence.  When  Oatcake  (afterwards  re-christened  Mariner)  was  im- 
ported to  California  in  1885,  I  asked  an  Australian  why  they  let  so  fine  an  individual 
leave  their  country.  "He  had  two  crosses  of  Bay  Middleton,  and  that  is  one  too  many," 
was  his  answer.  Of  late  years,  however,  I  have  noticed  the  pedigrees  of  several  good 
sires  with  two  crosses  of  Bay  Middleton.  Imported  Goldfinch,  a  great  sire,  if  we  have 
one  in  America  at  all,  has  two;  and  I  would  like  to  buy  a  horse  capable  of  getting  me 
a  filly  as  good  as  Tradition.  Gold  Spinner  by  Goldfinch,  has  four  crosses  of  Bay 
Middleton.  He  was  a  good  performer,  yet  nothing  has  come  from  him  of  any  note, 
but  he  is  still  a  young  horse.  Indio,  sire  of  Hurstbourne,  who  is  probably  the  best 
second-class  horse  in  America,  has  two;  and  Golden  Garter,  Star  Ruby  and  St.  Gatien, 
three  of  Mr.  Haggin's  best  stallions,  have  none  at  all.  Watercress,  the  sire  of  Water 
Boy,  a  long  way  the  best  horse  of  1903,  has  two,  and  if  there  is  a  better  sire  in  all 
America,  I  have  yet  to  hear  of  him. 

MARGRAVE,  St.  Leger  winner  of  1832,  was  imported  into  Virginia  in  1836  and  got  a 
great  many  stout  horses.  He  came  from  Bruce  Lowe's  No.  2  family,  which  also  pro- 
duced Sir  Hercules,  Harkaway  and  Voltigeur.  His  daughters  furnished  to  the  Ameri- 
can turf  some  of  the  best  horses  that  ran  prior  to  1870,  yet  the  only  great  racehorse  that 
I  know  of  having  two  crosses  of  Margrave,  was  Foxhall,  who  won  the  Grand  Prix  de 
Paris,  Cesarewitch  and  Cambridgeshire  of  1881  and  the  Ascot  Cup  of  1882;  and  if 
ever  there  was  a  worse  failure  at  the  stud  than  Foxhall,  I  would  like  to  know  where? 
And  where  was  there  a  horse  that  got  any  stouter  ones  than  Margrave?  He  got  six 
good  four-milers  and  one  three-miler  (Brown  Dick)  the  very  best  of  his  day;  and  be- 
fore leaving  England  he  got  the  dam  of  Sir  Tatton  Sykes,  who  won  the  Two  Thousand 


184  The  American   Thoroughbred 

Guineas  and  St.  Leger  of  1846,  beating  the  Derby  winner  of  that  year  in  the  latter 
race.  Mr.  J.  B.  Haggin  owns  about  sixty  entire  horses  and,  of  those  I  can  find,  Fresno, 
good  but  not  great,  is  the  only  one  containing  a  cross  of  Margrave.  The  Master  o£ 
Elmendorf,  who  is  a  very  close  student  of  blood  lines,  evidently  knows  what  to  let  alone. 
Yet  the  breeding  doctrinaires  will  tell  you  that  you  cannot  get  too  much  of  Sir  Her- 
cules, Voltigeur  or  Lord  Clifden,  all  No.  2  horses  like  Margrave. 

The  most  prominent  horses  of  the  No.  3  family  can  all  be  in-bred  with  perfect 
safety.  By  these  I  mean  Stockwell,  Rataplan,  King  Tom,  Lanercost,  Flying  Dutchman 
and  Pyrrhus  the  First.  The  latter  would  be  hard  to  in-breed,  partly  because  he  died 
young  and  partly  because  most  of  his  best  sons  were  sold  to  Australian  buyers ;  and 
Flying  Dutchman  and  Lanercost,  because  they  were  exiled  into  France,  like  Ion  and 
The  Baron,  and  doomed  to  die  in  undeserved  obscurity.  Galopin,  also  a  No.  3  horse,  has 
in-bred  well  in  the  only  case  within  my  knowledge,  that  of  Flying  Fox,  who  won  more 
at  three  years  old  than  any  other  horse  yet  foaled,  and  who,  though  but  eight  years 
old,  is  already  the  sire  of  a  winner  of  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris. 

The  No.  4  family  is  a  difficult  one  to  size  up  correctly.  Most  people  would  say  that 
the  Thormanby  branch  is  the  best  because  it  survives  so  strongly  in  France  through 
Atlantic  and  Le  Sancy,  both  of  which  got  winners  of  the  Grand  Prix.  Yet  that  branch 
of  it  which  comes  down  to  us  through  Manganese  cannot  be  dismissed  hastily  for 
Thormanby,  The  Provost  nor  Annandale,  neither  of  whom  ever  got  as  good  a  colt  as 
Kisber  nor  as  good  a  filly  as  Apology,  but  the  strength  of  the  Manganese  branch  seems 
to  lie  in  mares  rather  than  stallions,  Kisber  being  the  best  of  the  lot  with  Wenlock  sec- 
ond and  The  Miner  "beaten  off,"  as  you  might  say. 

The  Nos.  10  and  14  families  both  in-bred  well.  Darebin,  a  No.  14  horse,  has  bred 
well  in  America,  so  far  as  performers  go,  with  very  limited  opportunities ;  and  in  ad- 
dition to  that  has  imparted  a  degree  of  substance  and  bone  of  which  we  were  sadly  in 
need.  He  has  a  double  cross  of  Touchstone  and  three  crosses  of  Touchstone's  dam ; 
and  yet  the  best  horses  he  has  gotten  had  two  or  more  crosses  of  Touchstone  through 
their  dams.  Leamington,  also  a  No.  14  horse  and  the  best  sire  ever  imported  to  Amer- 
ica, got  a  great  horse  wherever  he  crossed  a  mare  that  had  a  cross  of  Touchstone.  And, 
hoping  that  what  I  have  said  on  this  question  may  be  of  use  to  the  breeders  of  Amer- 
ica, I  pass  on  to  another,  and,  as  I  believe,  more  difficult  branch  of  my  work. 


Inbreeding,  Past  and  Present 


You  cannot  expect  to  avoid  in-breeding  at  this  late  day,  when  all  the  galloping 
horses  in  the  world  are  descended  in  male  tail-line,  from  one  of  three  horses — Matchem, 
Herod  and  Eclipse — all  foaled  between  1748  and  1764.  What  you  have  got  to  do  is 
to  breed  intelligently  and  avoid  mating  that  is  in  anywise  incestuous.  The  English 
mated  mares  with  stallions  by  different  sires  but  from  the  same  dam ;  or  sometimes 
mated  sons  and  daughters  of  the  same  stallion  as  in  the  case  of  Lollypop,  the  dam 
of  Sweetmeat.  The  early  Virginia  breeders  did  worse  than  that  and  backed  his  own 
daughters  up  to  old  Sir  Archy.  In  either  case  the  action  was  most  reprehensible.  The 
truth  is  you  have  got  to  inbreed  to  a  greater  or  less  extent,  but  will  you  do  so  in- 
telligently or  not?  I  stand  here  prepared  to  prove  that  the  most  successful  stallions 
of  the  past  century,  generally  speaking,  were  the  inbred  horses  and  not  the  outV 
crossed.  Leamington  is  America's  best  and  most  important  of  all  her  foreign-bred 
sires.  He  goes  back  to  Pot-8-os,  son  of  Eclipse,  at  the  sixth  generation  on  his  sire's 
side,  having  two  Herod  horses,  one  Matchem  mare  and  two  Eclipse  mares  between 
himself  and  Pot-8-os;  and  on  his  dam's  side  there  were  a  Pantaloon  mare  and  one  by 
Champion  (son  of  Selim),  two  Herod  mares,  against  Daphne  by  Laurel,  Etiquette 
by  Orville  and  Boadicea  by  Alexander,  the  last  three  being  Eclipse  horses. 

I  believe  much  trouble  would  be  avoided  if  men  would  quit  breeding  a  mare  to 
the  same  stallion  in  consecutive  years.  I  should  never  go  into  the  business  except  at 
some  place  like  Lexington,  Ky.,  where  I  could  have  access  to  all  sorts  of  stallions. 
If  my  mare  was  a  Herod-line  mare,  I  should  only  mate  her  with  Eclipse  >and  Matchem 
stallions,  but  would  not  hesitate  to  mate  her  daughters  with  a  good  Herod  horse.  If 
an  Eclipse  mare,  breed  her  twice  to  another  Eclipse  horse,  twice  to  a  Matchem  horse 
and  once  to  a  Herod  horse.  If  a  Matchem  mare,  say  by  Odd  Fellow  (for  whose 
daughters  I  have  a  great  fancy)  or  Carlton  Grange,  breed  at  least  once  in  five  years 
to  an  American-bred  Matchem  horse  like  Kingston  or  Lamplighter,  giving  the  other 
four  years  to  Eclipse  and  Herod  horses,,  equally  divided. 

I  fancy  converse  in-breeding,  as  in  the  cases  of  Ayrshire  in  England,  a  highly  suc- 
cessful sire,  by  the  way;  Sir  Modred  and  his  brother,  Cheviot,  in  New  Zealand;  and 
Chester  in  Australia,  the  last  two  being  dealt  with  in  more  detail  in  the  Australian 
portion  of  this  work.  I  am  fully  aware  that  this  is  not  always  practicable  but  rec- 
ommend it  whenever  it  is  possible.  Certainly  such  horses  as  the  three  just  above 
named  are  not  to  be  regarded  lightly,  either  as  performers  or  sires.  Chester  was  only 
"outside  the  money"  four  times  in  forty-one  races,  most  of  them  at  long  distances ; 
and  as  a  sire,  he  would  have  been  deemed  great  if  he  had  gotten  nothing  but  the 
magnificent  Abercorn.  Sir  Modred  started  seventeen  times  and  won  nine  races,  all 
of  which  were  high-class  events;  and  as  a  sire  he  was  the  best  one  ever  imported  if 
you  count  up  the  number  of  races  won  by  his  get  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  starts. 
And  as  for  Ayrshire,  he  is  already  the  sire  of  an  Oaks  winner  and  no  end  of  "firsts" 
in  races  of  less  note.  Sir  Dixon's  dam  was  a  full  sister  to  Iroquois,  the  only  Amer- 


186  T'he  American  'Thoroughbred 

ican-bred  horse  to  win  the  English  Derby ;  and  if  I  owned  a  daughter  of  Iroquois,  I 
would  rather  breed  her  to  a  son  of  Sir  Dixon,  say  Kilmarnock,  for  instance,  than  to 
any  other  stallion  within  my  reach.  Boanerges,  by  Spendthrift  out  of  an  imported 
mare,  should  get  good  horses  from  a  daughter  of  Springbok  from  a  native-bred  mare, 
say  by  Vandal  or  Bonnie  Scotland ;  or  from  a  daughter  of  Kingston,  and  some  equally- 
well  bred  native  mare.  And  while  on  this  subject  of  Kingston,  let  me  say  that  he  is 
the  best  horse  alive  for  daughters  of  imported  Odd  Fellow,  who  is  as  good  as  a 
Matchem  horse,  so  far  as  his  breeding  is  concerned,  as  ever  crossed  the  broad  At- 
lantic. Carlton  Grange,  bred  directly  away  from  Spendthrift  on  his  dam's  side  and 
six  removes  from  him  on  his  sire's  side,  should  make  an  admirable  mate  for  the 
daughters  of  either  Spendthrift  or  Kingston;  and  let  me  here  remind  you  that  a 
horse  bred  in  this  manner  would  not  be  nearly  as  closely  inbred  as  was  Falsetto,  a 
great  performer  and  one  of  the  most  successful  sires  of  the  past  thirty  years. 

In  like  manner  I  should  advocate  the  mating  of  daughters  of  imported  Darebin. 
generally  rangy  and  roomy  mares,  with  a  son  of  Kingston,  if  a  compact  son  of  that 
horse  can  be  found.  And  if  a  daughter  of  Luke  Blackburn  can  be  found  that  has  not 
produced  well  to  other  sires,  mate  her  with  that  honest  campaigner  and  beautifully 
bred  horse,  Caughnawaga,  whose  dam  was  the  best  three-year-old  filly  in  America 
between  1885  and  1900.  Again,  while  on  this  subject,  breed  the  daughter  of  any  horse 
in  America  from  the  male-line  of  Stockwell — say  Esher,  Salvator,  Wagner  or  Pirate 
of  Penzance — to  Octagon  or  Don  De  Oro,  sons  of  old  Rayon  d'Or,  whose  grand-dam 
was  the  dam  of  Stockwell  and  his  big  brother  Rataplan.  And  if  I  had  a  well-bred 
daughter  of  either  St.  Mungo  or  Dalnacardoch — two  well-bred  horses  which  never 
had  half  a  chance  in  this  country — I  would  rather  pay  $200  for  a  season  to  Octagon 
than  to  take  one  gratis  to  any  other  stallion  within  ten  miles  of  him. 

What  you  want  to  do  is  to  run  out  both  the  stallion  and  the  mare  to  the  seventh 
generation;  and  then,  if  the  intermediate  crosses  are  good  (don't  forget  that  part  of 
it)  and  entirely  dissimilar,  don't  be  afraid  to  mate  your  mare  with  that  horse.  Take 
the  two  greatest  four-mile  horses  of  sixty-five  years  ago,  WTagner  and  Boston.  The 
former  was  by  Sir  Charles,  he  by  Sir  Archy,  out  of  a  daughter  of  imported  Citizen ; 
and  his  clam,  Maria  West,  was  by  Marion,  who  was  by  Sir  Archy  out  of  a  daughter 
of  the  self-same  imported  Citizen.  Yet  we  all  know  that  Wagner  won  a  great  many 
big  races,  including  the  $20,000  iPost  Stake  at  Louisville  in  1839,  in  which  he  de- 
feated Grey  Eagle  and  threw  about  one-half  the  State  of  Kentucky  into  a  condition 
of  bankruptcy. 

BOSTON,  foaled  one  year  earlier  than  Wagner,  was  closely  inbred  but  not  quite 
so  badly  as  Wagner.  He  was  by  Timoleon,  a  son  of  Sir  Archy,  whose  dam  was  by 
Saltram  (Derby  winner  in  1783)  and  he  by  Eclipse,  Sir  Archy  being  by  imported 
Diomed.  Boston's  dam  was  a  full  sister  to  Tuckahoe  by  Ball's  Florizel,  son  of  Diomed. 
the  next  dam  being  by  imported  Alderman,  a  male-line  grandson  of  Eclipse.  At  that 
time  two  crosses  of  Diomed  meant  as  much  as  eight  crosses  would  now,  in  the  matter 
of  close  in-breeding,  as  Boston  was  foaled  in  1833  and  the  average  generation  of 
horses  is  from  six  to  seven  years,  which  would  give  about  ten  generations  if  all 
horses  were  by  young  stallions  and  out  of  young  mares.  And  that  is  seldom  the  case. 
But  we  all  know  that  Boston  was  by  long  odds  the  most  consistent  of  performers 
for  he  won  forty  races  out  of  forty-five,  of  which  thirty  were  at  heats  of  four  miles. 
He  won  five  times  where  the  heats  were  broken  so  that  he  had  to  run  four  heats  to 
win,  therefore  he  ran  eighty  miles  to  win  five  races.  What  do  your  modern  trainers 
think  of  that?  In  addition  to  that  he  was  wintered  every  year  at  Atlanta,  Ga.,  p'er- 
forming  the  entire  distance  between  there  and  the  old  Union  course  on  Long  Island, 
on  foot !  He  had  the  greatest  antipathy  to  steam  and  never  rode  a  miie  on  a  railway- 
train  in  his  life.  When  he  got  on  board  a  ferry  boat  there  was  always  a  scene  in 
which  he  was  the  chief  actor;  and  the  only  journey  he  ever  made  on  a  steamboat, 


In-Breeding — Past  and  Present 


187 


longer  than  twenty  minutes,  was  when  he  was  taken  from  Pittsburg  to  Louisville. 
He  never  slept  two  hours  in  all  that  four  days'  journey  and  wanted  to  fight  at  every 
foot  of  the  way.  And  now,  having  given  you  some  of  the  most  remarkable  cases 
of  in-breeding  in  the  earlier  periods  of  American  racing,  let  me  now  show  you  a 
comparative  table  of  what  the  in-bred  and  out-crossed  stallions  achieved  in  getting 
winners  of  the  nineteen  most  important,  because  the  oldest  established  races  in  Eng- 
land since  1810.  By  out-crossed  horses  is  meant  those  whose  sires  are  bred  away  from 
their  dams : 

IN-BRED  STALLIONS  SINCE  1800 


NAMES 

2  YRS. 

3-YKAR-OLD 

CUPS 

HANDICAPS 

Totals  

<—  i 

^ 

52 

re 

Champagi 

O 
n 

1-1 

,— 

O 

7T 

72 

rt- 

r 

1 

2000Guineas 

lOOOGuineas 

P 

rt- 

0 

(O 

p' 

CB 

o 

Ascot  

Goodwood. 

Doncaster... 

Chester  

0 

R 

— 

0 
p 

n 

n 

rt 

Cesare  witch 

Cambridge  . 

Great  Ebor. 

re 

Priam  

1 

4 

1 
1 
1 

3 
1 

2 

2 
1 

1 
2 

2 

2 
2 

3 
3 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 
1 

I 

2 
1 

1 
2 

1 
1 

2 
1 

1 
1 

2 
1 

1 
1 

8 
10 
20 
2 
4 
6 
19 

10 
9 
3 
37 
5 
4 
3 

Bay  Middleton 
Melbourne  

2 
1 

2 

2 

1 
1 

1 

1 

1 

Cotherstone  
Pyrrhus  I  

The  Baron  

Cowl  

H  rH  rH  fO  rH  i-H 

2 
1 

1 
1 

1 

6 

1 
4 

1 

3 
1 

1 
1 
1 

1 

i 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 
2 

1 

1 
1 

1 

2 

1 

Sweetmeat  
FlyingDutchmn 
Chanticleer  

Stockwell  

Rataplan  

Weatherbit  
Ithuriel  

139 

OUT-CROSSED  STALLIONS  SINCE  1800 


NAMES 

2  YRS. 

3-YEAR-OLD 

CUPS 

HANDICAPS 

Totals  

<—  i 

52 
re 

P 

T! 

a1 

0 

B) 

rt- 

7Q 

to 

1 

lOOOGu 

0 

P 

rt- 

p 

pH 

i 

Ascot.. 

Goodwood  . 

Doncaster... 

Chester  

O 

rt 

RP 

a 

cr 

0 

p 

rt- 

re 
re 
rh 

Cesarewitch 

Cambridge  . 

P 
rt- 

cr 

o 

P 

8 

p 

n 
P 
a> 

O 
2_ 

re 

Partisan  

1 

1 
1 

1 

1 

1 
1 

2 

2 

1 

2 

2 
1 
4 
1 
1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

1 
2 
3 
1 

1 
1 

1 
2 
1 

1 
1 

1 

1 

i 

i 

i 
i 
i 
i 

i 

3 

1 

3 

3 
1 
2 
1 
1 

1 

1 

1 

1 
1 

4 

1 
1 

1 

1 

i 

3 
1 
2 

1 
1 

2 

3 
I 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 
2 
1 
1 
2 

2 

1 
1 

2 

1 
1 

1 

1 
2 

1 

1 

1 

3 
1 

1 
1 

1 

1 
1 

1 
1 

1 

1 
2 

1 
1 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

2 
2 

1  M  M  tO  M  M 

1 

:>> 

i 

i 

3 

7 
13 
25 
19 
10 
7 
12 
6 
9 
9 
14 
5 
12 
15 
4 

Emilius  

Touchstone  
Birdcatcher  
Sir  Hercules  
Voltaire  

Pantaloon  

Lanercost  

Venison  

Velocipede  
Newmister  

Kingston  

Voltigeur  

King  Tom  

Ion  

167 

i88  'The  American   'Thoroughbred 

If  this  subject  were  pursued  further,  it  would  show  a  gain  of  37  among  the  out- 
crossed  horses  for  St.  Simon,  but  it  would  also  show  a  gain  of  17  for  Isonomy  (who 
had  four  crosses  of  Sir  Hercules),  13  for  Sterling,  21  for  Hermit  and  seven  for 
Macaroni,  which  would  bring  the  figures  up  to  197  for  the  in-bred  stallions  and  to  204 
for  the  out-cross  horses.  The  proposition  is  almost  as  broad  as  it  is  long.  By  adding 
Blair  Athol  to  it  you  would  bring  the  inbred  stallions'  get  up  to  204  exactly  for  he  got 
two  winners  of  the  St.  Leger  and  one  each  of  the  July  Stakes,  Derby,  Two  Thou- 
sand, One  Thousand  and  Doncaster  Cup.  What  an  all-round  stallion  Blair  Athol  must 
have  been  to  head  the  list  four  times  and  be  twice  second  with  only  five  classified, 
winners  to  his  credit  altogether.  And  there  would  be  about  twelve  for  Galopin  to 
go  among  the  inbred  horses  which  would  put  them  well  into  the  lead  again. 

Looking  over  the  case  calmly  and  dispassionately,  I  can  see  no  other  way  of  pre- 
serving and  perpetuating  the  blood  of  heroes  save  by  judicious  in-breeding.  Take 
the  Marquis,  who  won  the  St.  Leger  and  Two  'Thousand  Guineas  of  1862.  He  was 
by  Stockwell  a  gr.  gr.  gr.  grandson  of  Whalebone ;  and  his  dam  was  by  Touchstone, 
a  male-line  grandson  of  Whalebone;  and  .StockwelFs  dam  was  by  Glencoe,  whose 
grand-dam,  Web,  was  a  full  sister  to  Whalebone.  Take  Lord  Lyon,  also  by  Stock- 
well.  His  dam  was  by  Paragone,  son  of  Touchstone,  aforesaid  and  his  fourth 
dam  was  Pawn  Jr.  by  Waxy,  she  being  a  sister-in-blood  to  Whalebone.  St.  Albans  was 
outcrossed  very  much  on  his  dam's  side,  though  his  maternal  grandsire  was  by  Panta- 
loon out  of  a  sister  to  Touchstone.  Doncaster,  also  by  Stockwell,  had  a  daughter  of 
Teddington  for  his  dam  and  Teddington  was  a  male-line  grandson  of  Touchstone. 
Take  the  fifteen  outcrossed  stallions  in  the  foregoing  list  and  you  will  find  the  male 
lines  of  no  less  than  six  of  them  are  just  about  extinct  and  four  of  them  entirely  so 
These  four  are  Emilius,  Lanercost,  Venison  and  Velocipede,  while  Kingston's  line 
and  Ion's  exist  only  in  Australia  and  are  very  weak  at  that.  There  was  a  horse  of 
Ion's  line — imported  Mariner — in  California,  some  years  ago,  but  I  presume  he  is 
dead  by  this  time  as  I  have  heard  nothing  of  him.  He  was  an  unusually  heavy- 
boned  horse  and,  for  that  reason,  should  have  been  sent  to  Kentucky,  where  their 
mares  are  decidedly  "shy"  on  that  great  prerequisite  in  a  matron. 

I  submit  this  question  to  the  good  sense  of  the  American  breeders  with  my  opinion 
that  there  is  as  much  to  be  said  on  one  side  of  it  as  on  the  other. 


Heart  to  Heart  Talk 
with  Breeders 


I  sit  down  to  have  a  quiet  chat  with  you,  for  those  of  you  who  are  familiar 
with  my  writing  know  that  my  style — granting  that  I  have  such  a  thing — is  purely 
conversational.  I  aim  to  write  as  I  talk  and  hence  the  caption  of  this  article. 

You  represent  an  interest  that  has  grown  steadily  for  the  past  forty  years  and 
yet  there  is  no  unity  of  action  among  you,  except  in  the  organization  of  a  society  to 
get  rid  of  worthless  broodmares  by  selling  them,  without  pedigrees,  for  beasts  of 
burden  on  the  plantations  of  the  far  South.  That  is  a  good  institution  and,  if  I 
lived  in  Kentucky,  I  would  be  an  active  member  of  it.  But  there  you  "stop  short," 
like  the  grandfather's  clock  in  the  song. 

You  make  no  effort  to  get?  rid  of  worthless  stallions.  To  begin  with,  the  most 
of  you  overtax  the  powers  of  your  entire  horses  by  taking  too  many  mares  to  them. 
I  knew  the  case  here,  in  California,  of  a  man  who  took  102  mares  to  his  stallion, 
Owen  Dale,  bred  very  much  like  Medoc.  There  were  very  few  thoroughbred  mares 
in  this  State  at  that  time  and  he  served  five  in  that  season,  all  the  property  of  hi's 
owner  save  one.  These  were  bred  to  him  early  in  the  season  and  he  served  four 
of  them  but  once.  These  four  bred  three  good  winners  and  Owen  Dale,  big  and 
handsome  as  he  was,  never  got  a  winner  afterwards.  He  served  from  85  to  100 
mares  for  each  of  the  four  seasons  that  followed  and  at  twelve  years  old  he  died 
from  exhaustion.  Now,  I  don't  suppose  there  is  any  man  among  you  that  would 
use  up  a  horse  like  that,  but  I  don't  believe  there  is  one  horse  in  fifty  that  is  virile 
enough  to  serve  fifty  mares  in  one  season  and  be  of  any  mortal  account  afterwards. 
Of  course  you  have  heard  how  Muley,  in  England,  got  the  Derby  winner,  Little 
Wonder,  at  26  years  of  age ;  how  American  Eclipse  got  that  brilliant  horse  Zenith 
at  24;  how  Falsetto  got  The  Picket,  winner  of  the  Kentucky  Derby  and  Brooklyn 
Handicap,  when  he  was  24;  and  a  few  other  cases  like  that,  all  of  them  quite  ex- 
ceptional, and  we  all  know  that  exceptions  serve  to  prove  the  force  of  any  rule. 
The  truth  is  that,  with  the  usage  most  stallions  get  nowadays,  most  of  them  are 
comparatively  useless  before  reaching  eighteen. 

Then  most  of  you  will  buy  anything  that  is  entire  and  imported.  You  look  at  a 
horse  and  examine  his  breeding.  He  is  by  a  fashionable  sire  and  out  of  a  mare  by  a 
sire  that  was  fashionable  twenty  years  ago;  and  you  never  stop  to  consider  whether 
he  comes  from  a  line  of  sire-producing  mares  or  not.  Where  did  you  ever  find  a  stallion 
that  was  successful  and  not  bred  from  sire-producing  mares  ?  You  will  say  Hanover  and 


The  American   Thoroughbred 


Whistle  Jacket,  of  course.  All  right.  Put  Longfellow  in  with  them  also,  and  there  you 
are  at  the  end  of  your  rope.  On  the  other  hand,  take  the  great  sire-producing  mares  of 
England.  Take  Amazon,  by  Driver,  for  instance.  She  was  foaled  just  105  years  ago 
and  was  by  Driver,  son  of  Trentham,  who  got  Tabitha,  the  grand  dam  of  Sir  Archy; 
and  I  have  always  been  disposed  to  credit  Sir  Archy's  excellence  to  Castianira  and 
Tabitha,  rather  than  to  Diomed,  who,  with  all  the  prestige  attaching  to  the  first  Derby 
winner,  surely  ought  to  have  gotten  something  of  merit  besides  Young  Giantess. 

Well,  from  Amazon  are  descended,  in  female  tail-line,  Isinglass,  the  greatest  money 
winner  the  world  has  ever  seen  ;  Stockwell,  the  greatest  sire  ever  foaled  ;  Rataplan, 
his  brother,  a  better  racehorse  than  Stockwell  and  quite  his  equal  as  a  broodmare  sire; 
King  Tom,  whose  fillies  were  better  than  either  Stockwell's  or  Rataplan's  ;  Talk  o'  the 
Hill,  detailed  at  greater  length  in  the  Australian  chapter  of  this  book  ;  Quicklime,  not 
the  best  of  sires,  but  fairly  good  ;  Rayon  d'Or,  as  great  a  sire  as  he  was  a  performer, 
which  says  a  great  deal;  Conveth,  a  good  horse  buried  alive  in  Southern  California; 
Nuneham,  whose  fee  was  $250  in  1882;  Blandford,  sire  of  that  good  horse,  Mate; 
and  a  dozen  others  of  less  note.  The  No.  3  family  of  Bruce  Lowe's  system  is  the 
greatest  of  all  sire  families  and  the  Amazon  branch  is  the  best  branch  of  it,  although 
Flving  Dutchman,  Lanercost,  Galopin,  Pyrrhus  the  First  and  other  great  sires  trace 
also  to  the  Byerly  Turk  mare,  which  produced  the  two  True  Blues,  but  not  through 
Amazon. 

Then  there  is  Boadicea  by  Alexander  and  she  had  a  sister  called  Berenice.  Boadicea 
is  the  main  stay  of  the  No.  14  family  and  I  cannot  recall  another  single  stallion  of 
note  that  traces  back  to  Berenice,  who  is  the  ancestress,  at  the  fifth  generation  of  that 
capital  sire,  Buccaneer,  who  got  Brigantine,  Kisber  and  Formosa.  On  the  other  hand, 
her  sister,  Boadicea,  is  the  one  great  mare  in  the  No.  14  family  and  to  her  trace  directly 
all  its  best  exponents,  as  follows  : 


>> 

vO    cj 

M      <L> 

°S    ffi 


*& 


f  Touchstone,  1831. 
Launcelot,  1837. 
Jocose — Macaroni,  1860. 

Pantaloon  Mare — Lady  Palmerston — 
Lady  Patroness — First  Lady — Grand 
Flaneur. 


Pasquinade 

Sarcasm — Satirist,  1838. 


(  The  Libel. 
!   Springy  Jack. 


Caricature — Defamation — Stolen 
I      — Reform 


Kisses 


I 


Evening  Star.  . 


Waterwitch-Mermaid 


Le  Loup. 


ffi  Jo 


>• 

PQ 


Starlight—  Zone... 


Daughter  of  the  Star. 


Lurline. 

Midnight — Torchlight — Lamplighter. 
Cape  Race. 
Arizona — Aranza. 

Hippia — Tarantula — Taranto. 
Hippolyta — Fairy  Rose. 


Darebin. 
Plenty 


Fairy. 


ETIOUETTF    i  (  Auckland. 

f-R^r  r>r,Mii^'  }  Maid  of  Honor -I  Daphne — Pantaloon     mare — Leamington. 


p r>     ill  A 
(By   Orville) 


(  Honoria — Queen  of  Beauty — Panic. 


A  Heart  to  Heart  Talk  with  Breeders 

Now  then,  if  you  are  a  really  intelligent  breeder  you  would  rather  pay  out  $100 
for  a  season's  service  to  a  horse  tracing  back  to  Boadicea,  than  to  breed  her  free  of 
charge  to  a  stallion  tracing  to  her  full  sister,  Berenice.  People  may  say  "the  blood  is 
just  the  same,"  but  that  does  not  necessarily  insure  success.  In  the  descendants  of  this 
same  mare,  Boadicea,  we  find  strong  enough  proof  of  that  for  her  grandson,  Touch- 
stone, was  one  of  the  most  successful  sires  of  the  century,  while  his  full  brother*, 
Launcelot — also  a  St.  Leger  winner  and  as  much  handsomer  horse  than  Touchstone 
as  one  horse  could  possibly  be  handsomer  than  another — never  got  a  horse  above  the 
grade  of  a  selling  plater.  I  am  one  of  these  fellows  who  is  easily  scared  by  the  "full 
brother"  dodge.  A  man,  some  twelve  years  ago,  brought  over  a  black  New  Zealand 
horse  called  Idalium,  full  brother  to  Sir  Modred  and  Cheviot,  who  had  already  gotten 
some  good  horses  in  America.  The  horse  was  offered  to  a  friend  of  mine  who  con- 
sulted me  about  him.  I  told  him  to  let  him  alone  because  in  the  long  space  of  an 
entire  century,  there  were  just  two  mares  that  produced  three  first-class  sires.  These 
were  the  Alexander  mare  (dam  of  Selim,  Rubens  and  Castrel),  foaled  in  1793;  and 
the  great  Pocahontas  (dam  of  Stockwell,  King  Tom  and  Rataplan,  ranking  as  sires 
in  the  order  named),  foaled  in  1837.  I  told  him  that  Idalia  had  already  produced 
two  good  sires  in  Sir  Modred  and  Cheviot ;  and  that,  with  the  experience  of  the  past 
century,  one  could  not  well  look  for  anything  else  to  equal  them  from  that  mare.  The 
horse  finally  became  the  property  of  A.  B.  Spreckles  who,  in  eight  years,  wasted  a 
lot  of  good  mares  on  him  without  getting  as  much  as  a  decent  selling  plater.  I  there- 
fore am  not  easily  caught  by  the  "full  brother"  or  "full  sister"  business. 

The  No.  4  family  is  considerably  spread  out — that's  where  it  differs  from  the 
No.  14,  which  owes  all  its  prestige  to  Boadicea.  There  are  several  branches  of  the 
No.  4  family  which,  to  my  notion,  is  stronger  in  America  than  in  England,  for  I  do 
not  know  of  any  three  English  sires  from  it  that  equal  Iroquois,  Sir  Dixon  and  Bel- 
videre.  Thormanby  was  good  and  Kisber  was  better,  but  I  know  of  no  other  sire  of 
note  in  this  English  branch  except  it  be  Pizzaro,  imported  by  Mr.  Pierre  Lorillard ; 
and  he  died  too  young  for  anybody  to  form  a  really  correct  idea  of  his  powers  as  a 
sire.  My  impression  is  that  he  was  on  the  high  road  to  fame  when  he  died.  His 
half-brother,  Pontiac,  by  Pero  Gomez,  gets  a  good  horse  occasionally,  Ramapo  being 
the  best  of  his  progeny,  and  he  must  be  at  least  fourteen  years  old.  Pontiac  was  the 
second  horse  to  win  the  Suburban  Handicap  at  Sheepshead  Bay. 

My  advice  to  breeders  is  -to  begin  as  systematically  as  they  would  go  into  any  other 
kind  of  business.  Lay  down  certain  rules  for  yourselves  and  live  up  to  them  in  a 
methodical  way.  The  rules  I  would  prescribe  for  your  guidance  would  be  the  fol- 
lowing: 

I.  Don't  breed  your  mare  to   a  horse  lacking   in   individuality,   no   matter  how 
well-bred  he  may  be. 

II.  Don't  breed  your  mare  to  a  bad-tempered  horse,  no  matter  how  good  a  per- 
former he  may  have  been.     There  are  "Sulkers"  enough  in  the  world  already  without 
adding  to  their  number. 

III.  In  the  selection  of  a  stallion  always  endeavor  to  breed  your  mares  to  one 
whose  female  tail-line  shows  more  than  one  sire  produced  by  those  mares.     See  pedi- 
grees of  Touchstone,  Leamington,  Reform,  and  Darebin  in  America ;  and  Panic  and 
Grand  Flaneur  in  the  Australian  Colonies.     They  all  traced  to  Boadicea. 

IV.  Endeavor  to  breed  conversely — like  the  pedigrees  of  Ayrshire,   Sir   Modred 
and    Chester,    given   elsewhere    in    this    book — provided    the    intermediate    crosses    are 
quite  dissimilar. 

V.  If  a  mare  is  twelve  years  old  and  has  had  five  foals  or  more,  mate  her  with 
a  stallion  from  six  to  eight  years  old  or  even  five.     If  she  is  five  or  six  years  old  or 
at  any  age  under  twelve,  breed  her  to  some  old  and  well-tried  horse,  from  fourteen 
to  twenty  years  of  age. 


192  The  American   Thoroughbred 

VI.  Never   overtax   a   stallion's   powers.     A   young   horse    under   ten    can    stand 
fifty  mares  annually  if  he  is  a  horse  of  any  stamina  at  all,  more  especially  if  he  does 
not  go  to  the  stud  till  he  is  six  or  seven.     Perhaps  it  would  be  well  to  give  a  four- 
year-old  ten  mares;  a  five-year-old,  twenty;  from  six  to  twelve,  inclusive,  forty;  and 
then  take  five  less  each  year  till' you  get  down  to  fifteen.     If  your  horse  has  any  merit 
whatever,  he  will  earn  you  as  much  then  as  he  did  when  he  was  serving  thirty. 

VII.  Do  not  breed  a  mare  immediately  after  she  comes  out  of  training.     A  mare 
that  is  to  be  bred  next  year,  should  have  been  taken  out  of  training  not  later  than  May 
and  given  a  thorough  respite  before  asking  her  to  assume  the  burden  of  maternity. 
It  is  in  this  way  that  I  account  for  so  many  great  racing  mares  turning  out   such 
indifferent  producers.     They  have  had  six  or  seven  campaigns,  many  of  them  begin- 
ning to  race  at  two  years  old ;  and  for  all  that  they  belong  to  men  who  deny  them 
from  six  to  eight  months'  rest  before  entering  upon  the  cares  of  the  harem. 

VIII.  Stem  corn-blades,  cut  when  in  the  milk  and  feed  them  to  your  mares  during 
the  period  of  gestation.     Sixty  pounds  of  corn-blades  will  contain  as  much  nutriment 
as  two  hundred  pounds  of  alfalfa.     Boston  was  about  the   toughest  piece   of  horse 
flesh  in  America  and  he  was  fed  more  or  less  on  corn-blades  all  of  his  life. 

IX.  All  mares  nursing  foals  should  have  their  grain  boiled  first  and  allowed  to 
cool,  letting  them  also  drink  the  water  in  which  it  was  boiled. 

X.  All  stallions  should  be  given  four  miles  of  walking  exercise  at  least  twice  a 
day,  morning  and  evening.     They  should  be  well  fed  but  not  pampered.     No  horse 
that  is  "hog  fat"  ever  gets  good  and  active  foals.     If  your  groom  is   afraid  to  ride 
him,  turn  the  horse  into  a  small  but  well-fenced  paddock  and  let  him  exercise  himself. 

XL  Always  endeavor  to  mate  a  mare  with  a  horse  capable  of  returning  to  her 
the  best  blood  in  his  dam.  For  instance,  there  is  the  great  Australian  horse,  Abercorn. 
now  in  England.  The  best  blood  in  his  dam  is  that  of  Hybla,  dam  of  the  Derby  win- 
ner, Kettledrum,  and  the  Oaks  winner,  Mincemeat.  Mincemeat  was  a  full  sister  to 
Clove,  Abercorn's  fourth  dam.  Now,  why  do  they  select  Sir  Bevys'  daughters  for 
Abercorn?  Because  Clove  was  by  Sweetmeat  and  Sir  Bevys  is  a  great  grandson  of 
Sweetmeat  in  male  tail-line ;  and  because  Sir  Bevys'  dam,  Lady  Langden,  was  by 
Kettledrum,  whose  dam  was  Hybla. 

XII.  See  that  your  yearlings  are  in  good  shape  before  sending  them  to  the 
auction  block.  A.  B.  Spreckels,  of  Napa  county,  California,  sold  twenty  head  for 
$26,000  in  New  York  during  August,  an  average  of  $1,300  per  head,  the  largest  of 
the  current  year.  Now,  what  made  those  prices?  Nothing  but  good  business  man- 
agement. His  stallions,  Marius  and  Solitaire,  are  good  individuals  and  as  well  bred 
as  any  in  America,  but  neither  of  them  was  shown  at  the  sale,  so  it  could  not  be  on 
their  account  for  both  are  so  far  wholly  untried  sires ;  and  as  for  Mr.  Spreckels' 
mares,  while  they  are  all  good,  none  of  them  have  as  yet  produced  what  you  might 
call  a  great  stake-horse.  The  cause  of  those  prices  was  good  care  of  the  youngsters 
at  home  and  good  luck  in  getting  them  across  the  continent  without  blemish.  They 
had  been  thoroughly  broken  but  not  trained,  in  the  general  sense  of  the  term.  They 
had  been  saddled,  trotted  and  cantered  slowly  but  not  "brushed"  for  speed  or  given 
a  "work-out,"  yet  they  were  thoroughly  bridlewise  and  trackwise ;  and  in  every  way 
fit  to  go  into  a  trainer's  hands  at  the  opening  of  the  next  racing  season.  They. sold  on 
their  good  looks  and  their  general  display  of  good  sense.  You  cannot  expect  to 
realize  the  Spreckels'  prices  unless  you  give  your  yearlings  the  Spreckels'  care  and 
attention  at  home. 

"Now,  with  all  the  advice  I  have  given, 

You  surely  should  be  wide  awake ; 
And    if    you    believe    that    I'll    talk    any    more, 
Why,  that's  where  you  make  a  mistake." 


A  Heart  to  Heart  Talk  with  Breeders 

I  cannot  close  this  chapter  without  bearing  down  heavily  upon  the  burning  ques- 
tion of  individuality.  A  stallion  owner  in  England,  having  a  horse  that  has  been  a 
failure  there  and  having  heard  that  many  stallions  have  succeeded  in  the  United 
States  after  having  failed  in  England,  sends  the  horse  over  here  to  be  sold  or  to  be 
stood  on  a  percentage  with  some  well-known  breeder  in  the  "dark  and  bloody  ground." 
Nobody  takes  the  trouble  to  look  further  than  the  number  by  which  the  Weatherbys 
have  registered  him  in  the  English  Stud  Book,  but  takes  it  for  granted  that  he  must 
be  good  because  he's  "English,  you  know."  In  this  way  a  great  many  horses  have 
"left  their  country  for  their  country's  good"  and  been  foisted  upon  the  breeding  public, 
being  of  the  class  which  an  Illinois  breeder  once  described  as  being  "all  pedigree  and 
no  horse."  My  own  belief  is  that  both  Lexington  and  Hanover  owed  their  wonderful 
fertility  to  individuality  and  not  to  their  breeding.  It  is  an  open  question  in  my  own 
mind  whether  either  of  them  was  strictly  thoroughbred,  for  Lexington  was  a  male- 
line  grandson  of  Timoleon,  whose  pedigree  was  a  forgery  as  stupid  as  it  was  deliberate ; 
and  Hanover's  fourth  dam  was  Ophelia  by  Wild  Medley,  whose  breeding  was  as  bad 
as  that  of  the  Australian-bred  Tim  Whiffler,  of  whom  Adam  Lindsay  Gordon  de- 
clared : 

"The  breed  of  his  dam  is  a  myth  unknown 
And  we've  doubts  respecting  his  sire." 

Old  and  wise  heads  like  Dr.  Elisha  Warfield,  Dr.  B.  W.  Dudley  and  others  of  the 
type  that  has  made  Kentucky  famous  as  the  great  breeding-ground  of  America,  shook 
their  heads  knowingly  when  Wild  Medley  was  mentioned.  And  when  Grey  Eagle 
was  mentioned,  old  Robert  Wooding  would  say  to  me,  "A  very  handsome  horse,  sir. 
It's  a  pity  he  had  not  a  better  authenticated  pedigree."  But  in  spite  of  all  this,  the 
obstinate  fact  confronts  you  that  Lexington  headed  the  list  of  winning  sires  for 
eleven  seasons  and  Hanover  for  four,  under  a  competition  so  severe  that,  had  Lexing- 
ton been  subjected  to  the  same,  he  would  hardly  have  been  premier  for  five  seasons. 
Lexington  came  on  just  after  Glencoe  was  dead  and  while  Sovereign  and  Yorkshire 
were  fading  as  fast  as  twenty-year-old  horses  can  fade.  The  only  horses  likely  to 
be  dangerous  were  Leamington  and  Bonnie  Scotland  and  they  made  their  invasions 
of  Kentucky  "few  and  far  between."  Lexington,  on  the  other  hand,  was  domiciled  at 
the  Big  Spring  and  his  owner's  great  wealth  had  enabled  him  to  buy  up  all  the  Glen- 
coe mares  and  nearly  all  the  best  daughters  of  Albion.  Hanover,  in  the  later  years, 
was  surrounded  by  the  very  best  and  most  fashionable  blood  of  two  continents — 
Rayon  d'Or,  Eothen  and  Deceiver,  among  Touchstone  horses ;  and  Wagner,  Esher, 
Order,  and  a  dozen  other  good  Stockwell  horses,  so  you  see  that  while  Lexington,  in 
1876  had  more  money  to  his  credit  than  did  Hanover  in  his  very  best  year,  the  sixth 
horse  in  Hanover's  year  had  more  money  won  than  did  the  second  horse  in  1870. 

My  own  belief,  reiteratd  a  dozen  times  in  racing  newspapers  before  this  book  was 
begun,  or  even  contemplated,  is  that  one-half  the  earlier  Virginian  pedigrees  are  the 
most  stupid  kin'd  of  forgeries.  The  element  that  followed  Daniel  Boone  into  the 
land  of  blue  grass  was  of  a  sterner  and  stronger  type  of  manhood,  believing  that  a 
stain  upon  a  man's  honor  is  worse  than  a  wound  in  his  heart.  They  had  lots  of  good 
"hard  horse-sense"  likewise  and  knew  that  dishonesty  is  sure  of  detection,  because 
the  greed  of  crooked  people  is  insatiate  and  "the  pitcher  always  goes  to  the  well  once 
too  often."  So  it  is  that  where  a  Kentucky  pedigree  is  obscure  I  always  feel  inclined 
to  give  it  the  benefit  of  the  doubt.  But  not  so  with  the  clouded  pedigrees  that  have 
emanated  from  the  "Old  Dominion."  That  of  Sir  Charles  had  a  very  bad  look  and  as 
for  that  of  Timoleon,  any  money  paid  for  the  service  of  that  horse  was  obtained  under 
false  pretenses. 


Selling  Races 


It  is  generally  conceded  that  selling  races  have  become  the  bane  of  the  American 
turf,  and  that  the  time  has  come  for  a  partial,  if  not  total,  abrogation  of  the  evil.  Of 
course,  such  a  thing  is  impossible  at  the  mi'd-winter  tracks,  as  selling  races  form  four- 
fifths  of  their  daily  programs.  But  at  New  York  there  is  a  talk  of  reformation  in  this 
quarter;  and  President  Belmont  has  called  in  E.  R.  Thomas  and  Walter  Scheftel  for 
a  consultation  as  to  the  modification  of  the  crying  evil. 

Some  ten  years  ago  the  Australian  racing  authorities  had  a  good  deal  of  trouble 
with  this  matter.  A  diminutive  creature,  who  began  life  as  a  fish  peddler  from  house 
to  house,  had  become  an  owner  of  a  few  cheap  selling  platers ;  and,  with  his  gains  from 
their  earnings,  had  begun  to  buy  horses  of  better  class  which  he  persisted  in  running 
in  selling  events.  Of  course,  when  such  horses  won,  they  were  liable  to  be  run  up 
and  whenever  this  occurred  the  services  of  a  notorious  bruiser  were  called  into  requisi- 
tion and  the  purchaser  got  a  hard  beating  for  spoiling  the  owner's  little  game.  This 
procedure  took  place  so  often  that  the  racing  authorities  felt  in  duty  bound  to  take  cog- 
nizance of  the  evil,  and  the  consequence  was  that  the  four  leading  clubs,  controlling  the 
tracks  at  Randwick,  Rose  Hill,  Flemington  and  Caulfield,  held  a  convention  at  which 
it  was  resolved  to  abolish  selling  races  altogether,  leaving  such  events  to  be  run  at 
the  smaller  and  less  important  tracks,  of  which  there  are  about  thirty.  That  was  nine 
years  ago,  since  which  time  there  has  not  been  a  selling  race  run  at  any  one  of  the 
four  courses  above  named. 

In  the  writer's  belief  the  time  has  arrived  for  similar  action  on  the  part  of  the 
Jockey  Club  which  controls  all  the  races  run  over  the  great  metropolitan  race  courses 
situated  in  the  vicinity  of  New  York.  If  two  cities  like  Sydney  and  Melbourne, 
neither  of  which  has  over  450,000  population,  can  afford  to  inaugurate  a  movement  of 
this  sort,  surely  New  York,  with  nearly  five  millions,  can  afford  to  follow  suit  and  get 
rid  of  a  class  of  races  that  are  quite  as  objectionable  as  the  men  who  participate  in 
them.  The  metropolitan  tracks  already  are  giving  two  stake  races  each  day  and  can 
easily  fill  in  their  programs  with  races  at  weights  above  and  below  the  scale,  as  well  as 
with  races  to  be  run  with  penalties  and  allowances,  thus  eliminating  the  selling  races 
from  their  programs  altogether. 

But  where  will  the  poor  owners  go  to  race  ?  The  answer  is  that  there  are  several 
tracks  in  Canada,  as  well  as  at  Baltimore,  Washington,  Buffalo,  Detroit,  Cincinnati, 
and  other  places  where  selling  races  are  necessary  to  fill  up  the  bills  of  the  day ;  and 
where  but  few,  if  any,  valuable  sweepstake  races  are  run  during  the  entire  year.  At 


196  'The  American   Thoroughbred 

those  tracks  the  selling  platers  would  have  things  pretty  much  their  own  way  and  no- 
body would  be  the  worse  for  it. 

There  is  no  lack  of  high-class  horses  about  the  New  York  tracks,  for  there  you 
find  the  very  pick  of  the  country.  If  any  man  doubts  this,  let  him  look  over  Good- 
win's Guide  and  see  how  often  a  western  horse  wins  races  at  the  metropolitan  courses. 
The  receipts  from  the  gates  are  so  large  at  Coney  Island,  Morris  Park,  Gravesend  and 
Saratoga  that  those  tracks  are  in  no  sense  dependent  upon  the  support  of  the  book- 
makers, who  are  the  chief  advocates  of  selling  races.  Let  us  see  if  the  Jockey  Club, 
of  which  August  Belmont  is  chairman,  will  have  the  moral  courage  to  abolish  selling 
races  altogether,  leaving  them  to  be  run  at  the  cheaper  and  more  remote  tracks.  The 
time  is  ripe  for  a  sweeping  reform  in  this  matter. 


Spurious  Pedigrees 


I  do  not  believe  in  encouraging  crookedness  of  any  sort,  nor  can  I  see  why  any 
man  who  palms  off  a  horse  with  a  forged  pedigree  upon  an  unsuspecting  buyer,  should 
be  allowed  to  reside  outside  the  walls  of  a  penitentiary.  Certain  it  is  that  some  American 
stallions  of  great  fame  have,  in  the  past,  stood  for  public  service  under  pedigrees  that 
were,  to  say  the  least,  badly  clouded.  Take,  for  instance,  the  case  of  that  great  race- 
horse, Timoleon,  foaled  in  1813.  He  won  the  colt  stake  at  Broad  Rock  (as  slow  a  track 
as  could  be  found  in  all  America)  in  1816;  time  1:48 — 1:47.  The  time  of  those  two 
heats  was  never  equalled  until  1858,  when  Planet,  by  Revenue  out  of  Nina  by  Boston 
won  the  same  race  in  i  147 — i  148,  beating  Bill  Cheatham,  Hempland  and  two  others ; 
and  even  then  it  was  not  deemed  so  good  becaujse  Timoleon's  second  heat  was  the 
faster.  On  retiring  to  the  stud  this  great  performer  actually  stood  under  three  different 
pedigrees  in  the  short  space  of  eight  years,  as  follows : 

FOALED.  PEDIGREE   OF    TIMOLEON,    BY    SIR    ARCHY.  FOALED.  .  DIED. 

ist  dam.  . .  .1815  by  imp.  Saltram   1780 

2d     "    .  . .  .  1812  by  Symmes  Wildair   1770 

3d     "    .  . .  .  1809  by  imp.    Driver    1806 

4th    "    .  . .  .  by  imp.    Follower    1761 

5th    "    . . .  .          by  imp.   Vampire    1757 

SECOND   PEDIGREE. 

ist  '    ...  .1818  by  imp.    Saltram     1780 

2d  "    ....  1815  by  Symmes   Wildaii-    1770 

3d  '    ....  1812  by  imp.    Fearnaught    1755     1776 

4th  "    ....  1809  by  imp.  Driver    1806 

5th  "    .  . .  .           by  imp.    Follower    1761 

6th  "    .  . .  .           by  imp.   Vampire    1757 

THIRD    PEDIGREE. 

ist  "    ...  .1815  by  imp.    Saltram    1780 

2d  ''    ....  1812  by  Symmes  Wildair    1770 

3d  "    ....  1809  by  imp.   Driver    1806 

4th  "    ...  .1777  by  imp.    Fearnaught     1755     J776 

5th  "    .  . .  .          by  imp.    Follower     1761 

6th  "    .  . . .          by  imp.  Vampire    *757 

These  are  the  three  pedigrees  of  the  obscurely-bred  but  great  racehorse  Timoleon, 
sire  of  the  mighty  Boston,  who  won  40  races  out  of  45  and  headed  the  list  of  sires 
for  three  seasons.  According  to  the  first  one,  Timoleon  was  a  two-year-old  when  his 
dam  was  foaled ;  and  his  second  dam  was  foaled  when  her  sire  was  forty-two  years  old. 


The  American  Thoroughbred 

It  is  also  given  that  his  third  dam  was  foaled  in  1800.  She  could  not  have  been  foaled 
earlier  because  the  English  stud  book  gives  imported  Driver  as  having  been  foaled  in 
1806,  so  that  he  must  have  served  the  Follower  mare  as  a  yearling. 

Now  comes  the  second  pedigree  under  which  Timoleon  stood  for  mares  in  North 
Carolina.  According  to  that,  his  dam  was  five  years  younger  than  himself  and  his 
grand-dam  one  year  younger.  This  would  make  Symmes'  Wildair  forty-four  years 
old  when  he  got  the  second  dam  of  Timoleon ;  and  she  would  be,  by  this  showing,  one 
year  younger  than  her  grandson.  Still  further,  it  makes  Timoleon's  third  dam  just 
two  years  older  than  himself  and  seeks  to  establish  the  proposition  that  she  was  the 
daughter  of  a  horse  that  had  been  dead  for  thirty-five  years  when  she  was  begotten. 

In  the  third  pedigree,  under  which  he  stood  in  Alabama,  before  being  taken  back 
to  Virginia,  he  is  said  to  have  been  begotten  by  Sir  Archy,  which  is  correct  enough ; 
his  dam  (also  the  dam  of  Jenny  Cockracy)  being  gotten  by  Saltram  when  he  was 
thirty-four  years  old !  There  is  no  mistake  about  Saltram's  dates,  for  he  won  the 
Epsom  Derby  of  1783  and  was  imported  at  ten  years  old.  The  Stud  Book  is  silent 
as  lo  when  he  died.  Then  Symmes  Wildair,  according  'o  this  third  pedigree,  way 
forty-one  when  he  got  the  grand-dam  of  Timoleon ;  and  that  the  great  grand-dam  was 
foaled  in  1809  or  else  she  could  not  have  been  by  imported  Driver,  whose  dates  were 
as  well  authenticated  as  those  of  Sir  Archy  or  Diomed. 

Why  did  not  Col.  Bruce  expose  this  fraud?  Perhaps  he  was  not  aware  of  it, 
but  that  seems  hardly  credible,  for  John  S.  Skinner  had  exposed  it  about  1853  in  an 
agricultural  journal  called  the  "Plow,  Loom  and  Anvil."  At  the  time  Col.  Bruce  com- 
pleted his  first  two  volumes  of  the  Stud  Book,  both  Ringgold  and  Lexington — sons  of 
Boston — were  alive;  and  about  twenty  sons  of  Lexington  were  doing  stud  service  in 
Kentucky  and  Tennessee.  To  have  published  the  above  three  pedigrees  (probably  all 
of  them  most  deliberate  forgeries)  would  have  been  to  set  the  stamp  of  bastardy  on 
every  one  of  those  stallions.  The  truth  is  that  Timoleon,  great  performer  as  he  was 
beyond  doubt,  was  only  a  half-bred  horse.  To  have  said  this,  in  so  many  words, 
however,  would  have  given  his  American  Stud  Book  a  black  eye  in  his  native  State 
and  subjected  him  to  a  heavy  pecuniary  loss;  and  we  all  know  that  Kentuckians  are 
nothing  if  not  clannish.  The  advertising  portion  of  this  book  should  be  sufficient 
proof  of  that. 

In  1859  John  P.  Welch  came  to  this  country  by  way  of  Panama,  bringing  with  him 
the  stallion  Rifleman  and  the  mare  Mary  Chilton,  both  by  imported  Glencoe.  The  former 
was  traced  back  to  just  where  it  now  stands,  being  almost  identical  with  that  of  Novice, 
dam  of  Norfolk.  The  great  Hermis  traced  to  the  same  tap-root.  But  the  mare's 
darn  was  given  as  by  American  Eclipse  out  of  Queen  Mary  by  Bertrand.  In  Volume 
I  of  the  American  Stud  Book,  Colonel  Bruce,  who  knew  the  American  families  better 
than  any  three  men  now  alive,  traces  Queen  Mary  back  to  a  mare  foaled  prior  to  the 
Revolution,  claimed  to  be  by  imported  Whittington.  Now,  if  that  be  correct,  why  is 
not  the  Whittington  mare  to  be  found  in  the  Stud  Book?  Mr.  Bruce  gives  Queen 
Mary's  dam  as  by  Brimmer,  while  the  tabulated  pedigree  of  Longfellow,  given  in 
Bruce's  book  of  1892,  gives  her  as  "by  Blue  Beard,  a  son  of.  imported  Sterling."  Quiz, 
the  dam  of  Nantura  and  second  dam  of  Longfellow,  was  a  full  sister  to  Queen  Mary. 
In  1861  William  M.  Williamson  was  offered  Mary  Chilton  for  $400,  but  declined  on 
the  ground  that  her  breeding  was  deficient  and  did  not  prove  her  to  be  thoroughbred. 
She  was  then  sold  to  Alexander  Gamble  and  produced  Thad  Stevens  while  his  prop- 
erty. Now  they  carry  the  pedigree  away  back  to  a  mare  foaled  in  England ;  and  give 
Longfellow,  Thad  Stevens  and  Ten  Broeck  the  number  26  in  Bruce  Lowe's  system. 

Just  so  with  Eolus,  Fanny  Washington,  Slasher,  Scathelock  and  Lizzie  Mc- 
Donald. I  had  seen  Slasher,  by  Child*  Harold  out  of  Sarah  Washington,  at  the  Long 
Island  races  in  1857;  and  when  I  heard  he  was  broken  down,  wrote  to  Tom  Battelle  to 
see  what  the  horse  could  be  gotten  for.  The  price  was  $1500  and  the  pedigree  given 


Spurious  Pedigrees 

as  follows:  First  clam,  Sarah  Washington  by  Garrison's  Zinganee ;  second  dam,  Stella 
by  Contention  ;  third  dam  a  mare  by  imp.  Speculator.  "The  balance  of  the  pedigree 
forgotten,  having  been  destroyed  by  fire."  Nothing  was  given  beyond  the  Speculalor 
mare.  Now  they  have  Eolus,  a  grandson  of  Sarah  Washington,  traced  back  to  the 
founder  of  the  No.  6  family,  to  which  trace  Priam,  Muley,  Phantom  and  Langar,  as 
well  as  Diomed,  the  first  winner  of  the  Derby.  The  reason  I  did  not  buy  Slasher, 
who  pleased  me  exceedingly  as  an  individual,  was  because  I  deemed  him  short-bred. 
Adolph  Maillard,  who  died  in  California  but  then  residing  at  Bordentown,  N.  J.,  got 
the  horse  for  $1000  a  year  later.  Query,  did  a  short  pedigree  have  anything  to  do 
with  the  short  price?  If  the  Doswells,  who  owned  Slasher  as  late  as  1859,  could  trace 
Slasher  back  to  the  founder  of  the  6  family,  why  could  they  not  do  so  when  I  stood 
ready  to  pay  $500  more  for  the  big  horse  than  they  got  from  Mr.  Maillard? 

Of  course,  all  these  things  have  a  queer  look  "to  a  man  up  a  tree,"  but  the  Timoleon 
case  is  by  long  odds  the  worst.  I  have  always  claimed  that  neither  Lexington  nor 
Hanover  could  have  been  registered  as  thoroughbred  with  the  Weatherbys  in  London. 
Neither  could  Lecompte  nor  Starke,  in  consequence  of  which  both  Starke  and  Umpire 
were  sold  to  go  to  Russia,  the  latter  being  a  son  of  Lecompte.  But  the  Weatherbys 
had  no  hesitation  in  registering  Annette,  who  was  by  imported  Scythian  out  of  Alice 
Carneal  (Lexington's  dam)  by  Sarpedon.  lou  go  to  Australia  and  you  will  find 
Mostyn,  a  grandson  of  Annette,  a  decided  favorite  with  the  breeding  public,  and  why? 
Because  Alice  Carneal  was  thoroughbred  and  Boston  was  not,  although  they  have  now 
gotten  a  number  40  for  him.  I  certainly  would  have  bought  Slasher  in  1859  and  Mary 
Chilton  in  1861  had  their  owners  been  able  to  show  seven  authenticated  crosses  for 
either  of  them.  Now  they  go  back  to  the  i72o's  and  both  have  numbers. 

It  certainly  seems  strange  that  Mr.  Bruce  should  have  been  satisfied  to  admit  Timo- 
leon to  the  American  Stud  Book;  and  yet  we  know  that  he  admitted  Picayune,  Mt- 
nerva  Anderson  and  Brown  Kitty,  none  of  which  were  strictly  thoroughbred.  Jenny 
Cockracy  was  just  as  well  bred  as  either  of  them  and  nobody  ever  claimed  her  to  be 
thoroughbred.  I  do  not  object  to  people  claiming  these  horses  as  thoroughbreds,  but 
when  thev  commence  to  give  them  Bruce  Lowe  numbers,  then  I  begin  to  feel  like  a 
worthy  Teuton  I  once  knew  in  Oregon.  He  kept  a  beer  saloon  and  one  night  a  drunken 
cowboy  began  a  disturbance  in  the  house. 

"'Whoopee,"  he  cried,  "I'm  a  wolf  and  it's  my  night  to  howl !" 

Old  Ben  Kor-ten  came  out  from  behind  the  bar,  exclaiming : 

"I'm  a  government  mule  and  it's  my  night  to  kick.'  And  he  did,  landing  the  noisy 
cowboy  about  twenty  feet  out  in  the  street.  And  when  I  see  Bruce  Lowe  numbers  for 
horses  that  are  of  as  obscure  families  as  the.  above  were  in  1850,  I  feel  like  doing  a 
little  "kicking"  myself.  I  don't  see  why  a  horse  that  is  as  good  a  performer  as  was 
Eolus  or  Longfellow  is  not  good  enough  on  his  actual  breeding,  without  attempting  to 
run  him  back  to  one  of  the  43  mares  in  the  Bruce  Lowe  system.  No  number  has  been 
gotten  for  Spendthrift  or  Wildidle — they  were  good  enough  without  any. 

The  pedigrees  of  Sir  Charles  in  Virginia  and  Grey  Eagle  in  Kentucky  were  always 
deemed  spurious.  Nobody  ever  could  have  recollected  seeing  any  such  horse  as  Wild 
Medley;  and  the  pedigree  of  Grey  Eagle  was  always  deemed  spurious  for  that  reason. 
As  Hanover  comes  from  the  same  source  we  must  subject  him  to  the  same  ruling  as 
Grey  Eagle ;  and  yet  we  know  he  was  not  only  the  best  race  horse  of  his  day,  but  the 
only  sire  since  Glenelg  to  head  the  list  four  times.  His  daughters  are  making  repu- 
tations for  young  sires  and  as  for  his  sons,  they  surely  are  among  our  best  native  stal- 
lions. For  all  that,  I 'reiterate  my  belief  that  neither  Boston,  Lexington  nor  Hanover 
could  have  been  registered  in  the  English  Stud  Book,  for  reasons  given  above.  Wild 
Medley  was,  beyond  doubt,  a  myth  unknown. 

Some  time  in  1860,  while  living  in  Sacramento,  I  received  a  note  from  a  well- 
known  liquor  merchant  of  that  city,  asking  me  to  come  to  his  place  of  business  and  in- 
spect his  imported  mare.  This  was  just  after  Langford,  by  Belmont,  had  won  his 


2oo  T'/ie  American  Thoroughbred 

great  $10,000  match  against  Ashland  at  four-mile  heats;  and  both  Col.  E.  S.  Lathrop 
and  myself  were  desirous  of  getting  a  few.  good  mares  to  mate  with  him.  I  went 
down  and  looked  the  mare  all  over  and  was  perfectly  satisfied  with  her  appearance,  she 
being  a  rich  brown,  big  and  roomy,  with  no  end  of  quality.  The  price  was  $3000. 
which  I  was  perfectly  willing  to  pay,  but  Col.  Lathrop  said  I  ought  to  have  demanded  a 
breeders'  certificate.  Her  pedigree  as  he  gave  it  to  me,  was  as  follows : 

FAIRY  QUEEN,  br  m.,  by  Launcelot  (St.  Leger  of  1840  and  brother  to  Touchstone), 
out  of  Amima  (sister  to  Augustus,  winner  of  the  2000  guineas),  by  Sultan  from  Au- 
gusta by  Woful,  brother  to  Whalebone  and  Whisker. 

Nothing  could  surpass  that  for  gilt-edged  breeding,  but  when  I  came  to  ask  for  a 
breeder's  certificate,  the  gentleman  was  completely  non-plussed.  He  had  never  had 
one,  so  he  said,  but  had  bought  the  mare  from  his  friend,  Duncan  Fraser,  of  Montreal. 
A  letter  sent  to  that  address  with  a  five  days'  return  mark  on  it,  came  back  to  me  with- 
out answer,  showing  that  the  party  was  mythical  entirely.  Subsequently,  I  wrote  to 
the  late  Charles  J.  Foster,  racing  editor  of  the  Spirit  of  the  Times,  asking  him  to  con- 
sult his  English  Stud  Book  and  send  me  a  correct  list  of  the  produce  of  Amima  by  Sul- 
tan. It  took  twenty-five  days  then  for  a  letter  to  reach  New  York,  but  the  answer 
came  in  due  time,  showing  that  Amima  had  not  only  never  produced  a  foal  to  Launcelot, 
but  had  actually  never  been  stinted  to  him !  When  Col.  Bruce  started  to  publish  his 
American  Stud  Book  he  engaged  me  to  compile  that  portion  of  it  relating  to  California 
thoroughbreds.  It  is  needless  to  say  that  imported  Fairy  Queen,  by  Launcelot  out  of 
Amima  by  Sultan,  did  not  find  a  place  in  that  volume  or  any  other.  There  was  never  a 
more  deliberate  attempt  at  wholesale  robbery  than  that,  but,  as  the  offender  is  now 
dead,  I  drop  the  mantle  of  charity  over  his  remains  and  decline  to  give  his  name. 

The  man  who  takes  another  man's  money  for  the  services  of  a  stallion  with  a 
bogus  pedigree,  is  no  better  than  a  highway  robber.  I  know  of  cases  wherein  a  mare 
was  sent  to  be  bred  to  one  horse  and  was  mated  with  another.  The  man  who  gets  a 
spurious  pedigreed  horse  under  circumstances  like  that,  certainly  cannot  be  blamed 
for  it.  But  I  have  known  pedigrees  to  be  cut  out  of  whole  cloth  in  (this  state;  and  I 
have  also  known  of  a  man  who  stood  a  "ridgeling"  for  three  years  before  it  was  dis- 
covered. In  either  case  it  was  obtaining  money  by  false  nretenses  and  the  offenders 
should  have  been  sent  to  the  penitentiary.  There  is  no  good  nor  valid  reason  why  the 
breeding  of  horses  should  not  be  conducted  as  fairly  and  honestly  as  any  other  busi- 
ness. And  those  who  desire  to  be  honest  should  lend  every  possible  effort  to  punish 
those  who  seek  to  live  by  devious  methods. 


Military  Proposition 


In  the  breeding  of  the  thoroughbred  horse  there  is  something  more  involved  than 
merely  gambling  upon  the  turf.  It  is  a  matter  of  military  import,  not  to  be  wholly 
overlooked  nor  hastily  dismissed  as  being  impracticable  or  unimportant.  Men  who  are 
familiar  with  the  history  of  the  Civil  War  in  America  know  that  for  the  first  three 
years  of  that  war  the  Federal  troops  never  won  a  single  cavalry  engagement.  And 
why?  Because  they  were  mounted  upon  horses  wholly  unfit  for  cavalry  service,  bred 
in  the  Northern  states,  where  people  rode  behind  their  horses  instead  of  bestriding 
them. 

In  the  last  year  of  the  war  the  government  managed  to  get  hold  of  a  few  hundred 
thoroughbred  geldings  and  the  scale  of  battle  turned.  But  the  victories  of  the  South- 
ern cavalry  were  wholly  due  to  the  fact  that,  up  to  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  they  had 
used  nothing  but  thoroughbred  sires  for  all  purposes ;  and  that  the  light-harness  horse 
was  unknown  in  the  South,  save  in  the  state  of  Kentucky,  and  there  only  in  about 
four  counties.  The  blood  of  all  sorts  of  turf  celebrities  flowed  in  the  veins  of  nine 
out  of  every  ten  horses  that  carried  men  in  uniforms  of  gray.  It  was  no  wonder, 
therefore,  that  the  message  of  McClellan  to  the  effect  that  "Pleasanton,  with  his  cav- 
alry, is  in  full  pursuit  of  the  enemy,"  became  a  "source  of  infinite  merriment"  to  those 
who  knew  anything  about  horses.  They  knew  that,  after  the  first  hour's  pursuit  was 
over,  the  Southern  horses  could  gallop  ten  miles  in  less  time  than  the  Federal  cavalry 
could  cover  seven ;  and  that  as  long  as  the  Federal  cavalry  were  mounted  on  Northern 
bred  horses,  they  might  chase  the  Southerners  for  years  and  never  catch  them. 

No  army  can  get  along  without  good  horses — both  for  cavalry  and  artillery  use ; 
and  that  is  why  I  urge  the  establishment  of  breeding  farms  by  the  government,  similar 
to  those  of  Russia  and  Austro-Hungary.  In  the  Boer  war  in  South  Africa,  England 
purchased  about  12,000  cavalry  horses  in  the  Argentine  Republic  and  shipped  them 
across  to  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope ;  and  also  purchased  about  7500  head  in  Austro-Hun- 
gary, which,  while  they  were  not  so  good  as  might  have  been  desired,  were  infinitely  bet- 
ter than  those  bought  in  South  America.  Now,  supposing  that  England  had  been  en- 
gaged in  a  war  with  some  power  on  the  continent,  how  would  she  have  gotten  out  her 
Hungarian-bred  horses? 

I  favor  government  breeding  for  the  reason  that  our  government  still  has  plenty  of 
land  for  such  purposes  and  can  breed  her  own  cavalry  remounts  as  cheaply  as  she  can 
buy  them,  and  of  a  good  deal  better  quality.  In  this  I  am  sustained  by  the  opinion  of 
Major  William  B.  Kennedy,  U.  S.  A.,  retired,  and  a  resident  of  this  city;  and  by  con- 


2O2  The  American   Thoroughbred 

current  opinions  of  several  other  military  gentlemen  with  whom  I  have  conversed  upon 
this  subject  but  who  had  not  given  it  so  much  study  as  Major  Kennedy  has  done.  He 
believes  that  the  desert  (reclaimed  by  irrigation,  of  course)  is  the  proper  place  for  gov- 
ernment breeding  farms,  because  the  horses  grown  there  have  harder  legs  and  feet, 
as  well  as  greater  lung  power,  superinduced  by  the  dry  climate  of  the  plains.  There  is 
everything  to  be  said  in  favor  of  the  proposition  and  nothing  to  be  said  against  it. 
Moreover,  many  soldiers  who  have  been  mustered  out  of  the  service  by  the  age  limit, 
might  afterwards  find  good  and  worthy  employment  at  these  government  farms  as 
grooms  and  hostlers.  And  now  having  stated  the  proposition  on  its  merits,  let  us 
take  a  glance  across  the  Atlantic  and  see  what  they  are  doing  in  the  land  of  the  Czar 
as  well  as  in  the  empire  of  Hapsburg.  For  what  follows  here  I  am  indebted  to  two 
contributions  to  Mr.  Allison's  work  on  the  "British  Thoroughbred."  One  of  these  is 
from  the  pen  of  Count  Lehndorff,  acknowledged  to  be  the  greatest  authority  on  horse- 
breeding  in  all  Continental  Europe ;  and  the  other  was  written  by  Prince  Dimitri  Kon- 
stantinovitch,  who  is  now  chairman  of  a  Russian  Board  created  for  the  express  pur- 
pose of  breeding  horses. 

Let  us  first  look  at  Austro-Hungary.  They  had  no  great  amount  of  racing  in  that 
country  until  1860,  but  they  have  been  using  thoroughbred  stallions  for  breeding  their 
cavalry  horses  since  1785;  and  have  reinforced  their  farms  with  English-bred  sires 
from  time  to  time  until  every  cavalry  horse  in  the  Austrian  army  contains  from  50  to  70 
per  cent  of  thoroughbred  blood.  The  Austrian  government  has  thirty-seven  stud  farms 
and  over  1400  sire  depots  or  "stations"  as  they  are  sometimes  called.  In  these  stud 
farms  they  had,  in  1899,  2199  stallions,  of  which  ninety-six  were  thoroughbreds  duly 
registered  and  bred  mostly  in  England  and  France.  Carnage  by  Nordenfelt  out  of 
Mersey  (Carbine's  dam)  by  Knowsley,  was  bred  in  Australia;  and  Fordham,  by  Fal- 
setto out  of  Semper  Vive,  was  foaled  in  America,  these  being  the  only  two  bred  out- 
side of  Europe.  In  the  past  four  years  some  thirty  odd  thoroughbred  stallions  have 
been  imported  from  France,  while  some  of  the  older  ones  have  died. 

The  Hungarian  government  gives  about  $50,000  annually  to  the  encouragement  of 
breeding,  in  the  shape  of  racing  prizes,  about  two-thirds  of  which  amount  is  run  for  at 
Budapest,  while  the  rest  is  distributed  at  provincial  meetings.  Some  of  these  meetings 
are  run  near  Lippiza,  in  the  mountains  of  Karst;  and  the  Lippizan  horse  is  of  a  type 
that  is  small,  but  hardy,  and  not  to  be  surpassed  for  endurance. 

In  1900,  according  to  Count  Lehndorff,  the  Hungarian  government  had  2948  stal- 
lions, of  which  317  were  registered  thoroughbreds.  These  stallions  covered  128,676 
mares,  for  which  the  government  had  an  income  of  507,175  florins,  equal  to  about 
$250,000  of  American  money.  The  number  of  stations  where  stallions  can  be  leased 
by  breeders  on  the  stipulation  that  they  shall  not  serve  more  than  fifty  mares  in  any  one 
season,  had  increased  from  58  in  1863  to  177  in  1900. 

Breeding  in  Russia  was  done  in  a  very  half-hearted  way  till  about  1857,  when  Count 
Dashkoff  was  made  president  of  the  Imperial  Horse-Breeding  Board.  His  memory  is 
revered  in  his  native  land  as  that  of  the  man  who  placed  horse-breeding  on  a  firm  and 
sound  foundation.  After  his  death  the  Grand  Duke  Dimitri  Konstantinovitch  was 
appointed  to  succeed  him,  he  being  an  uncle  to  the  Czar.  He  realized  that  a  first-class 
thoroughbred  stallion  must  be  had  at  once,  regardless  of  price;  and  with  that  end  in 
view  he  authorized  Mr.  Allison  of  the  International  Horse  Exchange  to  purchase 
Galtee  More,  the  big  Irish  colt  that  won  the  "Triple  Crown"  of  1897,  for  20,000  guineas, 
equal  to  $100,000  of  American  money.  Since  then  the  Russian  government  has  pur- 
chased the  French  Derby  winner,  Clover ;  and  the  English  horses,  Carlton,  Magus.  En- 
duronce,  Marshal  Saxe,  Bendigo  and  Shaddock,  the  latter  being  about  the  best-bred 
one  of  the  lot. 


A  Military  Proposition  203 

FROM     ENGLAND.  FROM   FRANCE. 

War   Craft    1878  Bracconier     1873 

Cade     , 1887  Viennois     1883 

Hengist     1867  Salvator     1872 

His    Majesty    1870  Zutzen    1874 

Kaiser 1870  Energique  1889 

Lara    1881  Consul    1866 

Christmas   Carol    1862  Boiand    1870 

Marshal  Scott    1876  Le   Sarrazin    1865 

Melbourne  1885  Le  Nord 1887 

Merry   Sunshine    1870  Montanvert 1890 

Owen    1873  Peut  Etre   1871 

Roehampton '. 1873  Radieux     1881 

Paganini 1870  Roitelet    1884 

Pennistone    1889 

Typheus     1865 

Faugh-a-Ballagh   1879 

Idle  Boy    1891 

There  are  an  average  of  800  male  foals  emasculated  every  year  in  America  by  the 
breeders  of  thoroughbreds,  many  of  which  could  be  sold  to  the  government  for  breed- 
ing purposes  if  government  studs,  similar  to  those  of  Russia  and  Hungary,  were  estab- 
lished m  this  country.  The  government  of  Russia  believes  firmly  in  the  racing  tests, 
and  there  are  thirty-two  race  courses  on  which  are  given  220  days  of  racing  in  each 
year.  The  returns  for  1890  gave  a  total  of  1200  flat  races  and  265  steeplechases  run 
during  the  year.  The  total  amount  of  purses  and  stakes  distributed  during  the  year 
was  1,515,000  roubles,  equivalent  in  American  money  to  about  $800,000. 

Now,  if  such  achievements  can  be  made  in  a  half-barbarous  country  like  Russia, 
why  not  in  an  enlightened  nation  like  our  own?  The  Federal  government  has  an 
abundance  of  land  that  is  available  for  no  purposes  other  than  pasturage;  and  it  could 
easily  purchase  suitable  stallions  and  mares  for  stocking  those  lands.  In  many  cases 
a  revenue  could  be  derived  by  leasing  the  services  of  some  of  the  sires  to  private  par- 
ties for  a  limited  number  of  mares,  which  would  materially  aid  in  rendering  the  system 
self-supporting.  Of  course,  the  main  requisite  in  the  selection  of  sires  and  mares  is 
soundness  and  nothing  but  soundness;  and  the  chief  object  in  selecting  the  thorough- 
bred sires  is  to  imbue  the  limbs,  the  lungs,  the  nerves  and  the  general  constitution  with 
that  great  prerequisite,  thus  permanently  enhancing  its  capabilities.  It  is  to  be  hoped 
that  our  army  will  never  again  be  found  in  a  predicament  similar  to  that  which  con- 
fronted it  in  1861.  With  this  end  in  view  I  should  recommend  the  establishment  of 
government  stud  farms  as  follows : 

Texas — Two  farms,  one  for  breeding  heavy  dragoon  horses  and  the  other  for  breed- 
ing mules  for  transportation  purposes. 

Missouri — Two  farms  similar  to  those  proposed  for  Texas. 

Idaho — Two  farms,  each  for  breeding  light  cavalry  horses,  with  an  experimental 
mating  of  Indian  pony  mares  with  small  and  comoactly  built  thoroughbred  sires,  not 
exceeding  fifteen  hands  high. 

Washington — (East  of  the  Cascade  mountains.)  Two  farms,  one  for  light  cavalry 
horses  and  one  for  artillery  horses. 

Oregon — Two  farms,  one  east  of  the  Cascade  range  and  one  south  of  the  Cali- 
pooya  mountains,  both  for  artillery  horses,  to  be  bred  from  the  union  of  heavy-work 
mares  with  large  and  well-made  thoroughbred  sires. 


2O/I-  The  American   Thoroughbred 

California — Two  farms,  one  south  of  the  Tehachapi  and  one  north  of  Red  Bluff, 
both  for  heavy  cavalry  horses. 

Arizona — Two  farms,  one  for  heavy  cavalry  horses  and  one  for  light  cavalry  nags. 
New  Mexico — Two  farms,  one  for  light  cavalrv  horses  and  one  for  mules. 

With  the  experiences  of  Slavic  Europe  for  a  guide  in  this  matter,  there  should  not 
be  much  hesitation  on  the  part  of  our  government  about  going  into  the  thing  experi- 
mentally. The  "wild  and  woolly  West"  still  contains  thousands  of  acres  of  lands  cov- 
ered with  succulent  bunch-grass  on  which  thousands  of  cattle  have  been  pastured  in 
the  last  forty  years  and  from  which  the  government  has  derived  no  revenue  whatever. 
It  is  pretty  nearly  time  that  "Uncle  Sam"  was  coming  into  his  own. 


Two-T^ear-Old  Racing 


This  I  can  honestly  call  the  curse  of  the  American  turf.  If  there  be  no  legisla- 
tion to  stop  it,  the  character  and  quality  of  the  American  thoroughbred  is  bound  to  de- 
teriorate before  long.  Men  say,  "Oh,  you're  a  pessimist.  Our  horses  make  better 
time  than  ever  they  did.  You  have  seen  Lexington's  time  equalled  by  a  third-class 
horse  and  beaten  four  seconds  by  horses  that  were  never  first-class  foir  an  hour  of  their 
lives.  The  mile  record,  on  a  circular  track,  is  now  6*/2  seconds  faster  than  it  was  in 
1857  and  the  two-mile  record  seven  seconds  faster.  And  yet  you  talk  of  deterioration." 

My  answer  to  this  is,  first,  that  the  time  test  was  never  an  infallible  one.  It  is 
merely  good  as  a  side  issue,  like  the  Bruce  Lowe  system  in  breeding.  Second,  the 
tracks  are  now  much  faster,  especially  on  the  Pacific  Coast  than  they  we're  forty 
years  ago.  Third,  training  is  progressive  and  the  ablest  trainers  we  have,  with  one 
or  two  exceptions,  are  men  less  than  forty  years  old.  The  least  success  achieved 
since  1900  has  been  by  men  of.  the  longest  experience.  All  these  things  have  con>- 
tributed  to  bring  about  the  lowering  of  records. 

Now  go  back  to  1840  and  thereabouts.  We  had  scarcely  any  two-year-old  racing 
at  that  period ;  and  Clara  Fisher,  by  Kosciusko,  was  the  only  horse  up  to  that  time  to 
start  in  eight  races,  six  of  which  she  won.  Boston  was  not  trained  till  the  fall  of  his 
three-year-old  form  and  what  did  he  do?  He  won  forty  races  in  forty-five  starts, 
of  which  thirty  were  at  four-mile  heats.  Not  only  that,  but  his  thirty  races  at  four 
miles  will  bear  a  still  stronger  analysis.  In  four  of  his  races  he  had  to  run  four  heats, 
sixteen  miles  in  all,  making  sixty-four  miles  in  all ;  and  in  five  others  he  had  to 
run  three  heats,  making  a  total  of  sixty  miles,  so  that  he  had  to  go  one  hundred  and 
twenty-four  miles,  to  win  nine  races.  Nor  was  Boston  alone  in  this  great  quality  of 
endurance.  Long  before  the  great  Boston  was  foa.Ied,  Black  Maria  had  won  a  four- 
mile  heat  race  in  which  she  and  Lady  Relief  ran  twenty  miles  (five  heats)  before  the 
race  could  be  decided.  And  after  Boston's  retirement,  Charmer  (by  Glencoe)  gal- 
loped over  for  a  fifth  heat,  nothing  starting  against  her.  So  if  any  one  tells  you  that 
there  has  been  'but  one  twenty-mile  race  run,  bet  them  all  you  can  lift.  For  while 
Charmer  won  the  fourth  heat,  making  sixteen  miles,  that  did  not  decide  the  race  and 
she  was  obliged  to  strip  for  another  heat.  The  mere  fact  that  no  other  horse  started 
against  her  in  the  fifth  heat,  would  not  invalidate  the  bet. 

There  are  no  Bostons  nor  Charmers  nowadays.  We  have,  in  their  stead,  a 
growth  of  big  and  heavy  horses  bred  solely  for  speed  and  not  expected  to  go  a  dis- 
tance. If  men  would  only  start  their  undersized  two-year-olds  and  keep  the  big  fel- 
lows over  till  the  next  year,  the  racing  of  these  youngsters  would  be  less  reprehensible. 
I  don't  care  how  many  six-furlong  races  they  run  at  Oakland,  Ingleside  or  /^.scot  Park, 
with  old  and  worn-out  geldings  that  ought  to  be  hauling  laundry  wagons!  and  bread 
carts;  nor  do  I  care  how  many  job  races  are  pulled  off  by  these  old  skates,  in  the  in- 
terest of  a  class  of  men  who,  when  they  lie  down  in  an  Oakland  or  Ascot  stall,  find 
themselves  in  the  cleanest  rooms  they  ever  occupied  in  their  whole  lives.  But  I  do 


206  The  American  thoroughbred 

utter  my  feeble  protest  against  taking  up  big  two-year-olds  and  racing  them  in  January 
and  February,  as  is  being  done  here  in  California.  I  can  now  see  no  real  good  in  it 
and  I  hope  I  never  shall. 

Go  over  to  Australia  and  you  find  that  Grand  Flaneur  was  never  beaten  but  you 
are  also  informed  that  he  was  not  trained  at  two  years  old.  Then  take  Chester,  by  the 
same  sire.  He  started  41  times,  won  19  and  was  only  four  times  outside  the  money. 
He  started  three  times  at  two  years  old,  winning  twice.  Then  take  Melos,  who  won 
the  Sydney  Derby  and  the  Champion  race  of  1900.  He  was  not  trained  at  two.  In 
a  race  of  one  mile,  either  Carbine  or  Abercorn  could  beat  him  six  lengths,  but  at  three 
miles  he  could  bring  either  of  them  to  the  whip.  Melos  was  not  trained  at  two, 
Carbine  started  four  times  and  Abercorn  five  times,  at  that  age.  The  day  that  Bravo 
(by  Grand  Flaneur)  won  the  Melbourne  Cup  I  was  coming  down  the  stairs  after  the 
race  and  two  old  gentlemen  were  talking  about  it,  behind  me.  One  of  them  said : 
"Bravo's  a  good  'orse,  especially  when  you  consider  'ow  'ard  he  was  raced  at  two 
years." 

"Pardon  the  interruption,"  I  asked,  "but  how  often  did  they  start  him?" 

"Eight  times,  sir." 

"They  wouldn't  think  much  of  that  in  America,"  I  said.  "Why  I  know  of  lots  of 
horses  that  have  started  twenty  times  and  I  know  of  one  named  Woodcutter  that  raced 
forty-two  times,  last  year." 

"Well,  I  don't  like  to  be  rude  to  Americans,"  said  the  elderly  gentleman,  "but  I 
must  say  you  don't  deserve  to  have  a  good  horse  in  the  whole  of  your  blasted  coun- 
try." 

So  far  from  getting  angry  at  him  I  shook  his  hand  warmly  and  told  him  he  was 
a  man  ;after  my  own  heart.  They  have  but  one  big  two-year-old  event  in  all  the  brdad 
expanse  of  that  country — the  Maribyrnong  Plate.  It  has  been  run  since  1868  and 
Newminster  (by  the  Marquis)  is  the  only  winner  of  it  that  ever  achieved  any  subse- 
quent greatness. 

What  I  want  to  see  is  an  act  of  the  legislature  to  prevent  any  and  all  racing  of  two- 
year-olds  in  any  one  year,  before  the  first  day  of  June.  After  that  make  it  with  dis- 
tances as  follows : 

June  4^2  furlongs  October    7   furlongs 

July   5  furlongs  November  7^2  furlongs 

August   6  furlongs  December     i    mile 

September    6^2  furlongs 

Provided  that  each  track  must  give  at  least  one  race  in  each  week  at  the  distance 
above  named  and  but  one  at  the  June  or  July  distance  in  each  month.  In  this  way 
the  crowding  of  big  colts  during  the  early  spring  may  be  easily  avoided.  In  this  mat- 
ter I  am  disputed  by  Mr.  James  W.  Brooks,  manager  of  the  Ascot  Park  track,  who 
says : 

"You  talk  about  two-year-olds  being  injured  by  early  racing  on  public  tracks  for 
money.  I  tell  you  it  is  the  least  of  two  evils.  Have  them  barred  from  racing  during 
the  fore  part  of  the  season  and  their  owners  will  be  racing  them  at  home  on  bad  tracks, 
with  riders  who  cannot  ride  a  little  bit  and  with  from  ten  to  fifteen  pounds  more  weight 
than  they  would  carry  on  'i  regular  race  track.  Every  man  that  breeds  horses  likes 
to  see  them  run ;  and  if  he  cannot  race  them  at  the  public  tracks  for  money,  he  will  race 
them  at  home  and  for  fun." 

There  is  a  great  deal  of  truth  in  what  Mr.  Brooks  says,  and  I  admit  that  it  is  a 
question  to  which  there  are  plainly  two  sides.  At  the  same  time  I  could  wish  that 
some  man  bad  ingenuity  enough  to  devise  some  way  in  which  this  cruel  using-up  of 
good  colts  and  fillies  could  be  averted.  Australia  has  the  right  way  of  handling  this 


'Two-Tear-Old  Racing  207 

vexatious  proposition.  She  gives  rich  handicaps  for  horses  of  mature  age  and  almost 
nothing  for  two-year-olds,  in  consequence  many  of  their  best  youngsters  are  barely 
broken  to  ride  at  that  age  and  frequently  not  trained  until  the  fall  they  are  three.  Panic 
was  imported  from  England  as  a  yearling  and  never  was  trained  till  he  was  six,  when 
he  went  out  and  won  the  Champion  Race,  three  miles,  with  134  pounds  on  him.  How 
many  Americans  would  wait  that  long  to  get  their  money  back  out  of  a  horse?  In  the 
big  two-year-old  events  of  America,  such  as  the  Futurity  and  Matron  Stakes,  there  is  a 
pandering  to  the  rich  man's  greed,  always  greed  and  nothing  else  but  greed. 


Thus  I  close  the  editorial  portion  of  this  book.  It  has  been,  including  the  pre- 
paratory labor  essential  to  its  issuance,  the  work  of  four  long  years ;  and  it  is  reserved 
for  the  breeders  of  America,  as  well  as  those  who  race  for  sentiment  and  for  the  repu- 
tation of  their  stock,  to  say  whether  I  have  made  a  signal  success  of  it  or  an  ignominious 
failure.  I  therefore  lay  down  my  pen,  fully  content  to  leave  the  work  to  the  verdict 
of  the  people.  My  experience  of  seventy  years  in  this  breathing  world  has  taught  me 
that  the  people  are  always  honest,  generally  right  and  never  unpopular. 

THOS.  B.  MERRY. 

Los  Angeles,  November  15th,  1904.  • 


The  Breeders'  Handbook 


Some  Representative  American 

Stallions 


Explanation  of  Reference  Marks  used  in  Pedigrees: 

*Won  the  Derby;  fwon  the  St.  Leger;  Jwon  the  2000;  A,  won  the 
Ascot  Cup;  C,  won  the  Chester  Cup;  D,  won  the  Doncaster  Cup;  G,  won 
the  Goodwood  Cup;  Ces.,  won  the  Cesarewitch  Handicap;  Q,  won  'the 
Queen's  Vase. 


212  'The  American  'Thoroughbred 


IMPORTED     SAIN 

Better  than   Third  in  Eight  Races  at  Ttc-o    Years  Old,  and  a   thoroughly   tried  sire. 
Property  of  B.  Schnciber,  Bridgcton,  Mo. 

Sain  i$  a  great  racehorse,  better  than  his  public  record  would  at  first  indicate.  He 
started  at^two  years  old,  on  the  Montana  tracks,  in  eight  races,  winning  twice,  and  sec- 
ond in  the  other  six,  being  twice  beaten  by  May  W.,  the  fastest  sprinter  of  her  day  He 
ran  second  to  her  at  four  furlongs  in  .4914,  Sally  Sensible  third  and  John  Tyler  fourth 
Second  again  to  May  W.  at  five  furlongs  in  I  :02,  Notice  third  and  Senator  Dubois 
fourth.  Won  at  a  half-mile  in  48^  seconds,  beating  Paul  Jones,  Shot  Silk,  Pat  Mor- 
rissey,  Memento  and  Cyrus  King.  Ran  second  to  Gold  Bug  (aged),  Tampa  third  at 
six  furlongs  in  i  :i$y4  with  Pic  Nic  and  Linville  unplaced.  Ran  second  to  Jim  Black- 
burn at  5  furlongs  in  i  :O2,  with  Paul  Jones  third  and  Blue  Sign  fourth.  Ran  second 
to  Baby  Ruth,  six  furlongs,  in  I  :i4^,  beating  Model,  March  and  Sunrise.  Ran  second 
to  Montana  (aged),  105  pounds,  beating  Billy  McCloskey,  Encino,  Flashlight  and 
Model,  one  mile  in  I  :44^.  Won  at  six  furlongs  in  I  :i5^4,  beating  Bill  Howard,  Gold 
Bug,  Jim  Bozeman  and  Encino. 

At  three  years  old  he  raced  at  the  Ingleside  track,  San  Francisco,  against  the  very 
best  horses  in  California.  In  all  of  his  eleven  races  run  in  1897  he  never  but  once 
started  on  a  good  track.  That  was  in  his  first  attempt,  that  year,  in  which  he  started 
in  a  field  of  ten,  of  which  there  were  four  of  his  own  age  and  he  gave  from  five  to  ten 
pounds  to  each  of  them,  finishing  outside  the  money,  the  race  .being  won  by  Sport  Mc- 
Allister. Ran  third  to  Osric  and  Orrezo,  with  six  others  unplaced,  seven  furlongs  in 
i  :28^4-  Ran  unplaced  in  a  field  of  fourteen,  at  six  furlongs,  conceding  eleven  pounds 
to  first  and  third  and  fourteen  to  second  horse.  Time  1 115.  Ran  last  at  one  mile 
to  Buckwa,  Wheel  of  Fortune  and  Greyhurst  (conceding  3  pounds  to  the  latter),  one 
mile  in  i  :42  on  a  fairly  good  track.  Ran  eighth  in  a  field  of  eleven,  Last  Chance 
first,  Japanese  second,  Examiner  third,  conceding  18  pounds  to  the  winner  and  12 
pounds  to  second.  One  mile  in  i  -.44^,  track  slow.  Ran  second  to  Suisun,  giving  her 
ten  pounds,  with  six  others  behind  him,  seven  furlongs  in  i  :34^2-  Won  at  one  mile  in 
i  :45^2  on  a  slow  track  with  96^  pounds,  giving  weight  to  eight  others.  Won  at  a 
mile  and  a  quarter  in  2:13,  on  a  heavy  track,  beating  Greyhurst,  Lincoln  and  two 
others  at  15  to  i.  Ran  second  to  Geyser  (the  fastest  horse  in  California  the  next  year) 
at  a  mile  in  i  :45^4,  giving  weight  to  all  but  Geyser.  Was  three  lengths  ahead  of 
the  third  horse,  conceding  five  pounds.  Ran  third  to  Ostler  Joe  and  The  Bachelor, 
beating  Morte  Fonso  and  conceding  weight  to  everything  in  the  race.  Time,  2:13,  track 
fetlock  deep.  Ran  second  to  Arrezo,  115  on  each,  beating  Sweet  William,  Morena  and 
Lady  Hurst,  seven  furlongs  in  i  :33.  This  was  Sam's  last  race  and  he  was  shortly 
afterwards  sold  to  Mr.  Schreiber,  who  placed  him  at  the  head  of  his  Woodland  Stud, 
near  Bridgeton,  Mo.,  where  he  has  acquitted  himself  most  creditably  and  proved  him- 
self the  best  horse  in  America  from  the  male-line  of  Blacklock,  which  is  now  at  the 
head  of  the  English  turf  through  Galopin  and  St.  Simon.  Imported  Sain  is  already, 
though  quite  a  young  horse,  the  sire  of  such  well  known  winners  as  Otis  (St.  Louis 
Derby,)  Satchel,  Prinkerton,  Hersain,  Schwalbe,  Schwarzwald,  Tom  Shelly,  Angleta, 
Buchanan,  Deutschland,  Dorice,  Geheimniss,  Mildred  B,  Mindora,  Otto  Stifel,  Picquart, 
all  performers  of  well  recognized  merit. 

Really,  the  best  descendant  of  the  great  St.  Simon,  now  to  be  found  in  America, 
is  imported  Sain,  whose  pedigree  is  to  be  found  in  the  after  part  of  this  book.  Sain 
is  by  St.  Serf,  who  was  a  good  horse,  both  on  the  turf  and  in  the  stud,  but  has  never 
yet  reached  the  figures  attained  by  Persimmon  and  St.  Frusquin,  several  years  his 
junior.  Sain  is  a  No.  3  horse  and  goes  back  to  the  dam  of  the  two  True  Blues  through 
Quiver,  dam  of  those  two  marvelous  filles,  La  Fleche  and  Memoir,  both  of  which  won 
the  Oaks  and  St.  Leger,  being  the  only  two  full  sisters  to  win  both  those  events. 
Then  they  run  back  to  Brown  Bess,  second  dam  of  the  great  Musket ;  and  still  further 
back  to  the  Gohanna  mare  which  produced  Tramp,  the  only  stallion  that  could  be 
properly  called  a  rival  to  Whalebone.  Couple  this  with  the  fact  that  Satchel,  who 
is  Sain's  second  dam,  is  by  Galopin,  a  No.  3  horse  also,  and  it  becomes  almost  im- 
possible for  any  fair-minded  student  of  breeding  to  imagine  how  any  horse  could  be 
better  bred  than  Sain. 

•  Sain,  like  Maxnic,  comes  from  the  great  No.  3  family  from  which  came  Sir  Peter, 


OMIIN,  imr.,  ta.  n.,  io»t.  vo; 

BRED  IN  ENGLAND  AND  FOALED.  THE  PROPERTY  OF  MARCUS  DALY,  OF  MONTANA,  U.  S.  A.  \ 

X 

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Woodbine,  Thormanbv.  *A  (4)  St.  Angela,  Galopin  (3) 
br.  m.,  1860  ch.  h.,  1857  b.  m.,  1865  b.  h.,  1872* 

(19) 
Vedette, 
br.  h., 

\  uni&uur      f    ui.    n.    u&47,    uy    \oitaire    u    i»2t>  —  Martha   Lynn    1837,    b.    m. 
by    Mulatto    D  —  Leda    by    Filho    da    Puta    i8i2tD  —  Treasure    by    Camillus 
Hyacinthus   mare  —  Flora   by    King   Fergus. 
Mrs.    Ridgeway    by    Birdcatclier     (1833,    son    of    Sir    Hercules    1826)  —  Nan 
Darrell   by   Inheritor    (son   of   Lottery   D    1820)  —  Nell  by   Blacklock    1814  — 
Madam    Vestris    by    Comus. 

Flying 
Duchess, 
b.    m.,     1853 

Flying   Dutchmant*   br.   h.    1846,   by   Bay   Middleton*    1833    (son   of   Sultan) 
Barbelle     1836    by     Sandbeck     (son    of     Catton     D,     1809)  —  Darioletta    by 
Amadis    (Don    Quixote). 
Merope,    b.    m.    1841,    by    Voltaire    (above)  —  Velocipedes    dam    by    Juniper  — 
Daughter    of    Sorcerer  —  Virgin    by    Sir    Peter     1748  —  Daughter     1794    of 
Pot-8-os    1773. 

(3) 

King  Tom, 
b.    h.,    1851 

Harkaway,   ch.    h.    1834    by    Economist    1825—  Fanny    Dawson    1823   by    Nal> 
ocklish    1811  —  Miss   Tooley    1808   by   Teddy  the   Grinder    1798  —  Lady   Jane 
1796   by    Sir   Peter    (above). 
Pocahontas,  b.   m.    1837   by   Glencoe   A   1831  —  Marpessa    1830  by  Muley   1810 
—  Clare    by    Marmion    1806  —  Harpalice    1814    by    Gohanna    1790  —  Amazon 
1799  by   Driver   1783. 

Adeline, 
b.    m.,    1851 

ion,    br.    h.     1835    by    Cain    1822  —  Margaret    by    Edmund    son    of    Orville— 
Medora    (Oaks   1814  by   Selim  —  Daughter  of  Sir  Harry*.  ,  Ion   ran  second 
in  both   Derby  and   St.   Leger. 
Little    Fairy    (b.    m.    1842   by    Hornsea,    Goodwood   cup    1836  —  Lacerta   b.    m. 
1816  and  dam  of   Little  Wonder,*   and  of  The  Little   Known)    by  Zodiac, 
son   of    St.    George. 

(3) 

Windhound, 
br.    h.,    1847 

Pantaloon,   ch.    h.    1824,    sire   of   one   winner    each    of    St.    Leger    and   Oaks, 
by    Castrel    1801  —  Idalia    by    Peruvian     (Sir    Peter)  —  Musidora,    sister    to 
Meteora,   Oaks   1805)   by  Meteor,   son  of  Eclipse. 

Phryne   b.    m.    1840,   by   Touchstonet   A.    D.    1831    (Camel    1822)  —  Decoy   by 
Filho   da   Puta   |D  —  Finesse   by    Peruvian. 

Alice 
Hawthorn, 
b.    m.,     1838 

Muley    Moloch,    br.    h.     1830    by    Muley     1810  —  Nancy     (dam    of    Brittania, 
imported  to  the  U.   S.   A.)   by   Dick  Andrews  —  Spitfire  by   Beningbrought, 
son  of  King  Fergus. 
Rebecca   by    Lottery    D    1820  —  Daughter    of    Cervantes    (Don    Quixote  —  Eve- 
lina) —  Anticipation  by  Beningbrough    1791  —  Expectation  by  Herod   1738  — 
Rebecca   also    produced    Annandale   and   The    Provost. 

(3) 

Stockwell 
ch.    h.,    1849 

ihe  Baron,  ch.  h.    1842,  winner  of  the   St.  Leger  and  Cesarewitch  by   Bird- 
catcher    1833  —  Echidna    by    Economist    1825  —  Miss    Pratt    by    Blacklock  —  • 
Gadabout  by   Orville    1799. 
Pocahontas    (dam    of    Rataplan   and    King    Tom    and    second    darn^  of    Rayon 
d'Or,    St.    Leger    1879,   by   Glencoe    (2000   gs.   and    Goodwood   Cup    1834  — 
Marpessa   (dam  of  Idas)   by  Muley. 

Honeysuckle 
br.   m.,    1851 

i'ouchstone,  br.   h.    1831    (sire  of   2   winners  each   Derby  and   St.    Leger  and 
4   of    the    2000    guineas)    by    Camel    (br.    h.    1822  —  sire   of    Launcelot,    St. 
Leger  1840)  son  of  Whalebone*  —  Banter. 
Beeswing,  b.   m.    1833   (winner  of  52  races  out  of  63,  including  4  Doncaster 
Cups  and   9   Queen's   Plates,   2%   miles  to   3  miles)    by   Dr.   Syntax  —  Tom- 
boys I)   dam  by  Ardrossan. 

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(7) 

W.    Austr'n, 
b.   h.    i8so*t 

Melbourne  br.  h.   1814   (winner  of  Palatine  Plate  at  Chester   1839)   by  Hum- 
phrey  Clinker,  b.   h.    1822  —  Morpeth's  dam  by   Cervantes   (got  Neva.,   Oaks 
1817)    Golumpus    mare. 
VIowerina  b.   m.    1843    (sister  to   Cotherstone*)   by  Touchstone  —  Emma    (dam 
of    Mundig*)     by    Whisker*     1812  —  Gibside     Fairy     by     Hermes,     son     of 
Mercury. 

Darling's 
Dam, 
b.    m.,    1850 

Birdcatcher  ch.   h.    1833    (brother  to   Faugh-a-Ballaght   Ces)   by   Sir  Hercules 
1826  —  Guiccioli    1823    by    Bob    Booty    1804  —  Flight    by    Escape,    brother    to 
Rugantino. 
Daughter  of  b.  m.  1845.    Hetman  Platoff  1836   (sire  of  Cossack,  Derby   1847) 
he    by    Brutandorf    C    1821  —  Whim    (dam    of    Chanticleer    D.    C.    1843)  — 
Irish   Drone    (Mast   Robert.) 

(22) 

Belladrum, 
b.     h.,     1860 

Stockwellt,   ch.    h.    1849,    (only   horse   to   get   6   St.    Leger   winners)    by    The 
Baron*     1842  —  Pocahontas    1837,    by    Glencoe    G.    A.  —  Marpessa    1830,    by 
Muley    1810  —  Clare   by   Marmion  —  Harpalice. 
Catherine  Haves,  Oaks   1853,  by  Lanercost  A.    1836  —  Constance  by   Partisan 
1811  —  Quadrille  by   Selim   1802  —  Canary  Bird,   sth   dam  of   St.   Blaise*,  by 
Sorcerer. 

Bon  Accord, 
b.    m.,    1867 

Adventurer,    b.    h.    1859,    by    Newminster    (sire    of    3    Premier    Stallions)  — 
Palma    by    Emilius*     1820  —  Francesca    (Champagne    Stakes)    by    Partisan, 
son    of   Walton,    1790. 
Darling's   dam    (above)    by   Birdcatcher    (sire   of   one    Derby,    one   Oaks   and 
three    St.    Leger    winners)  —  Daughter    of    Hetman    Platoff  —  (4th    dam    of 
Imp.    St.   George  —  Whim  by  Drone  —  Kiss  by  Waxy   Pope. 

d9) 
Vedette, 
br.    h.. 

Voltigeur*t   br.    h.    1847    (only   horse   to   get   4   winners   of   the   Great   York- 
shire Stakes  and  3  of  the  Doncaster  Cup)   by  Voltaire  D  —  Martha  Lynn 
(2d   dam   of   Imperieuset)    by   Mulatto  —  Leda. 
Mrs.    Ridgeway    ro.    m.    1840,    by    Birdcatcher    ch.    h.    1833    (sire    of    Daniel 
O'Rourke*)  —  Nan   Darrell  by   Inheritor,   son   of   Lottery   D    1820  —  Nell  'iy 
Blacklock    1814. 

Flying 
Duchess, 
b.    m.,    1853 

Flying   Dutchman*t   br.    h.    1849    (4   times   second   on   list   of   winning   sires) 
by    Bay   Middleton*t    (sire   of   2    Derby   winners)  —  Barbelle    (dam   of   Van 
Trompt  G)    by   Sandbeck. 
Merope,    b.    m.    1841    (3rd   dam   of   Eothen,   sire   of    Requital    and    Ethelbert, 
winners   of  the   Realization)    by   Voltaire  —  Velocipede's   dam   by   Juniper  — 
Sorcerer    mare. 

Toxophilite, 
b.     h.,     1855 

Longbow,   b.   h.    1849,    (sire  of  the   Oaks   winner   Feu    de  Joie)    by    Ithuriel 
(son    of    Touchstonet   A.    D.)  —  Miss    Bowe,    dam    of    Iris,    Oaks    1851,    by 
Catton  —  Tranby's    dam    by    Orville. 
Legerdemain,    b.    m.     1846,    winner    of    Cesarewitch    and    Manchester    Cup) 
by    Pantaloon    1824  —  Decoy    (dam    of    Flatcatcher    and    Phryne)    by    Filho 
da    Putat    D  —  Finesse    by    Peruvian,    1806. 

Daughter  of 
b.    m.,    1861 

Young    Melbourne,    br.    h.    1855     (sire    of    General    Peel    D    and    The    Earl, 
Grand    Prix    de    Paris)    by    Melbourne  —  Clarissa    by    Pantaloon     1824  — 
Daughter   of   Glencoe    1831  —  Frolicsome   by    Frolic. 
Brown    Bess,   br.    m.    1844    (2d    dam   of   the   great    stallion   Musket,    in    Aus- 
tralia)   by    Camel  —  Daughter    of    Brutandorf  —  Mrs.    Cruikshank    by    Wel- 
.     beck  —  Tramp's    dam. 

American   Thoroughbred 


IMPORTED  SAIN— Continued 

Stockwell,  Rataplan,  King  Tom  and  Galopin..    Some  idea  of  what  the   No.  3  horses 
achieved  in  the  stud  may  be  gathered  from  this  table : 


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No.  3  STALLIONS. 

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Stockwell    1849    

•3 

I 

6 

A 

2 

2 

i 

2 

2 

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Rataplan    1850    

I 

2 

I 

i 

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King  Tom  1851    

I 

•3 

i 

2 

I 

I 

i 

2 

12 

Tramp    1810    

2 

i 

2 

I 

I 

x 

Flying  Dutchman   1846    

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

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Lanercost    1836    

T 

i 

I 

I 

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Musket    1868    

I 

i 

2 

Galopin,    1872    

I 

i 

2 

2 

I 

I 

I 

i 

I 

II 

Sir   Peter    1784    

4 

2 

4 

i 

II 

Velocipede    1825    

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

I 

6 

Justice    1774    . 

?, 

T 

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94 


GOLDEN     MAXIM 


A  Stake  Winner  and  Second  in  the  Great  Realisation  at  Coney  Island.       The  property 
H.  T.  Oxnard,  Esq.,  California. 

This  horse  is  probably  the  best  of  the  get  of  that  excellent  stallion,  Golden  Garter, 
a  half-brother  to  Sanfoin,  the  Derby  winner  of  1890,  who  is  now  also  famous  as  the 
sire  of  Rock  Sand.  The  latter  won  the  "Triple  Crown"  of  1903,  and  contrary  to  the 
expectations  of  many  of  the  best  judges  in  England,  proved  himself  a  good  deal  the 
best  horse  in  the  all-aged  division  of  1904,  as  he  placed  Sanfoin  second  on  the  list  of 
winning  sires  for  the  year  just  closed. 

GOLDEN  MAXIM'S  dam.  as  might  be  inferred  from  his  name,  is  by  the  Australian- 
bred  horse  Maxim,  son  of  the  great  Musket,  who  headed  the  list  of  winning  sires  in 
that  country  for  four  seasons.  Carbine  was  Musket's  best  turf  horse  and  Trenton  his 
best  son  as  a  sire.  Maxim  was  destined  to  split  the  pair,  being  a  better  racehorse  than 
Trenton  and  getting  a  much  sounder  type  of  horses  than  did  Carbine.  His  racing 
career  began  at  two  years  old,  when  he  hooked  up  with  no  less  a  horse  than  the  re- 
doubtable Abercorn,  who  is  believed  to  be  the  best  horse  ever  foaled  on  the  great  South 
Continent.  He  was  beaten  a  nose,  with  five  of  the  "cracks"  behind  him.  His  other 
races  were  of  no  great  note  till  he  met  Nelson,  a  winner  of  17  cups  in  New  Zealand. 
The  latter  was  a  hot  favorite,  but  Maxim  stood  him  on  his  head  before  they  had  gone 
a  mile ;  and  in  the  remaining  ten  furlongs  he  simply  cantered  through  and  won  txy 
forty  lengths,  pulling  up.  He  made  two  seasons  in  New  Zealand  and  was  then  im- 
ported by  Mr.  J.  B.  Haggin  at  a  cost  exceeding  $20,000. 

Golden  Maxim  is  a  representative  of  the  No.  11  family,  which  now  ranks  second 
on  the  list  of  sire-producing  families.  In  England  it  shows  St.  Simon,  the  greatest 
sire  of  the  last  thirty-five  years ;  Birdcatcher,  who  divided  popular  favor  with  Touch- 
stone from  1840  to  1860;  Faugh-a-Ballagh,  sire  of  the  wonderful  Leamington;  Orme, 
sire  of  the  great  Flying  Fox,  winner  of  the  "Triple  Crown"  and  premier  sire  of  France 
for  1904 ;  Venison,  whose  get  were  unsurpassed  for  gameness ;  and  Golumpus  and  his 
brother  Hedley,  both  sires  of  classic  winners.  In  America  we  find,  as  members  of 
this  family,  imported  Belshazzar ;  Australian,  who  got  seven  high-rate  sires ;  Ben  Ali, 
sire  of  the  great  Geyser;  and  among  newer  importations  such  fine  young  stallions  as 
Arkle,  Order,  Shapfell,  Torso  and  others. 


GOLDEN  MAXIM,  B.  H.,  19CO.  i 

BRED  BY  AIR.  J.  B.  HAGCIN,  RANCHO  DHL  PASO.  CALIFORNIA. 

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Stockwell, 
ch.    h.,    1849 

1110    JSaron,    en.    h.     1842,    by    Birdcatcher  —  Echidna    (dam    of    Marchioness 
d'Eu)     by    Economist     (sire    of    Harkaway)  —  Miss    Pratt    by    Blacklock  — 
Gadabout     by    Orville. 
Pocahontas    by    Glencoe  —  Marpessa    by    Muley  —  Clare    by    Marmion  —  Harp- 
alice    by    Gohanna     (sire    ot    2     Derby    winners)  —  Amazon     (7th    dam    of 
Isinglass)    by    Driver  —  (Trentham). 

Marigold, 
b.    m.,     1860 

leddington,    ch.    h.    1848    by    Orlando    (Derby    1841)    Miss    Twickenham    by 
Rockingham    (St.    Leger    1833)  —  Electress    (4th    dam    of    Gang    Forward) 
by   Election    (Derby  of    1806). 
Sister  to   Singapore  by  Ratan,  best  2-year-old   1843  —  Daughter   1844  of   Mel- 
bourne— Lisbeth   by  Phantom,   Derby    1811  —  Elizabeth  by   Rainbow    1808  —  • 
Belvoirina    by    Stamford. 

(4) 

Thormanby, 
ch.    h.,    1857 

\v  mdhound,    br.    h.     1847    by    Pantaloon  —  Phryne    br.    m.     1840    by    Touch- 
stone —  Decoy   b.    m.    1830    by    Filho    da    Puta    (St.    Leger    1815)  —  Finesse 
by    Peruvian  —  Violante   by   John    Bull    (Derby). 
Alice  Hawthorn  b.  m.  1838  by  Muley  Moloch  1830  —  Rebecca  (dam  of  Annan- 
dale    and    the     Provost)     by     Lottery  —  Cervantes     mare  —  Anticipation    by 
Beningbrough    1791. 

Ellen  Home 
b.    m.,     1844 

.vLdsliank    by    bandbeck,    son    of    Catton     (Doncaster    Cup     1815)  —  Johanna 
by    Selim     (sire    of    i     Derby    and    2    Oaks    winners)  —  Daughter    of    Sky- 
scraper —  Dragon    mare  —  Fidget's    dam. 
Delhi   bl.    m.   by  Plenipotentiary    (Derby    1824)    Pawn  Jr.    by   Waxy    (Derby 
'793)  —  Pawn     (sister    to     Penelope)     by    Trumpator  —  Prunella    by    High- 
flyer —  Promise   by    Snap. 

(2) 
Lord 
Clifden, 
b.     h.,     1860 

Aewmmster    b.    h.    1848    (sire   of    2    Derby    winners)    by    Touchstone  —  Bees- 
wing   (winner   of    52    races    out   of   63)    by    Dr.    Syntax-Tomboy's   dam    oy 
Ardrossan  —  Lady    Eliza    by    Whitworth. 
'ihe   Slave,  b.   m.    1852  by  Melbourne  —  Volley    (sister  to   Voltigeur)   by  Vol- 
taire —  Martha    Lynn    by    Mulatto  —  Leda    by    Filho    da    Puta  —  Treasure   by 
Camillus  —  Hyacinthus   mare. 

Mineral, 
ch.   m.,    1863 

Rataplan   ch.    h.    1850    (winner   of   42    races   out   of    71)    by   The   Baron    (St. 
Leger    1845)  —  Pocahontas   by   Glencoe  —  Marpessa    (dam   of   Idas,   2000   gs. 
1845)   by  Muley  —  Clare  by  Marmion. 
Manganese,   ch.    m.    1853,    by    Birdcatcher    1833  —  Moonbeam    (dam    of   Loup 
Garou)     by     Tomboy     1829  —  Lunatic     1818     by     Prime     Minister     1810— 
Maniac  by   Shuttle  —  Anticipation. 

(3) 

Stockwell. 
ch.    h.,    1849 

ihe  Baron    (sire  of  the  great   French  mare  La  Toucques)   by   Birdcatcher  — 
Echidna   1838  by  Economist   1825  —  Miss  Pratt  by  Blacklock  —  Gadabout  by 
Orville. 
Pocahontas     (dam    of    Rataplan,    above)     by    Glencoe  —  Marpessa    by    Muley 
1810  —  Clare   by   Marmion,   son   of   Whiskey  —  Harpalice   by    Gohanna,   only 
horse  to   beat   Waxy. 

Lady 
Evelyn, 
b.    m.,     1846 

Don  John  b.   h.   1835    (winner  of  St.  Leger  and  Doncaster  Cup)   by  Waverly 
—  Hetman  Platoff's  dam  by  Comus  —  Marciana  by  Stamford  —  Marcia   1797 
by  Coriander   (Pot-8-os). 
Industry   by   Priam    (Derby    1830    and   2    Goodwood    Cups)  —  Arachne    (sistei 
to   Leda,   above)    by   Filho   da   Puta,    St.    Leger    1815  —  Treasure   by   Camil- 
lus —  Hyacinthus   mare. 

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(3) 

Tdxophilite, 
b.     h.,     1855 

..ongbow    b.    h.    1849,    by    Ithuriel  —  Miss    Bowe   by    Catton    (Doncaster    Cup 
1815)    Tranby's    dam    by    Orville  —  Miss    Grimston    by    Weazel  —  Ancaster 
mare, 
^egerdermain    (Cesarewith    and    Chester    Cup    1849)     by     Pantaloon  —  Decoy 
by    Filho    da    Puta  —  Finesse    by    Peruvian  —  Violante    1802    by    John    Bull 
1789    (Fortitude). 

Daughter   of 
b.    m.,     1857 

West   Australian    (Derby,    St.    Leger   and   2000   guineas    1853)    by   Melbourne 
1834  —  Mowerina   (sister  to   Cotherstone  by  Touchstone  —  Emma   (dam  of  2 
Derby    winners)    by    Whisker,    Derby    1815. 
!!rown  Bess,  br.  m.   1844   (4th  dam  of  Memoir  and  La  Fleche)   by   Camel  — 
daughter    of    1829    Brutandorf  —  Mrs.    Cruikshanks    by    Welbeck  —  Tramp's 
dam   by   Gohanna. 

(19) 

Vespasian, 
b.     h.,     1863 

Newminster    (above)    by    Touchstone  —  Beeswing    (dam    of    Nunnykirk,    2000 
gs,    1849)    by    Doctor    Syntax    1811  —  Tomboy's    (Doncaster    Cup)    by    Ar- 
drossan —  Lady    Eliza   by   Whitworth. 
Vesta,    ch.    m.    1857    (dam    of    Sabinus    who    won    the    City    and    Suburban, 
Great  Metropolitan  and  Ascot  Cup  at  3  yrs.   old)  by  Stockwell  —  Garland 
by    Langar  —  Cast    Steel    by'  Whisker. 

Hopeful 
Duchess, 
br.  m.,   1859 

1-  lying  Dutchman  br.  h.    1846    (winner  of  Derby,   St.   Leger  and  Ascot  Cup) 
by    Bay    Middleton,     Derby     1836  —  Barbelle     (dam    of    Van     Tromp,     St. 
Leger   1847  —  by   Sandbeck  —  Darioletta    1822  by  Amadis   1807. 
Tispoir    (dam  of   Ethelbert,    Suburban   of    1852)    by   Liverpool  —  Esperance   by 
Lapdog    (Derby    1829)  —  Grisette    by    Merlin  —  Coquette   by    Dick    Andrews 
1797,  sire  of  Tramp. 

(12) 

Vandal, 
b.     h.,     1850 

jlencoe    ch.     h.     1831     by     hultan     1816  —  Trampoline    by    Tramp  —  Web     by 
Waxy  —  Penelope     by     Trumpator  —  Prunella     by     Highflyer  —  Promise. 

Alaric's    dam    (also   2nd   dam   of   the   great   broodmare   Levity)    by   imported 
Tranby  —  Lucilla    by    Trumpator  —  Lucy    (dam    of    Blacknose)    by    Orphan 
—  Lady  Grey. 

Hymenia, 

b.    m.,     1851 

Yorkshire,    imp.    b.    h.    1834   by    St.    Nicholas    (son    of    Emilius)  —  Miss    Rose 
by     Tramp  —  Sancho     mare     1810  —  Blacklock's     dam     1799,     also     dam     of 
Theodore,    St.    Leger    1822. 
Little   Peggy,   ch.    m.    1847   by   Cripple    (son   of   Medoc)  —  Peggy    Stewart   by 
Cook's     Whip  —  Mary     Bedford     1816    by     Duke     of     Bedford  —  Speculator 
mare    1813  —  Dare    Devil   mare    1806. 

(12) 

Lexington, 
b.     h.,     1850 

Boston  ch.   h.    1833    (won   40   races   out  of  45)    by  Timoleon   1813  —  Sister  to 
Tuckahoe  by    Ball's    Florizel  —  Daughter    of    Imp.    Alderman  —  Daughter   of 
Imp.    Clockfast    1774- 
Mice    Carneal,    br.    m.    1836    by   imp.    Sarpedon    (winner   of   the    Fitzwilham 
stakes  and   2nd  to   Priam  in  the  Goodwood   Cup)  —  Rowena  by   Sumpter  — 
Lady  Grey  by   Robin   Grey. 

Emilia*, 
b.    m.,    1840 

V'oung   Emilius  c.   h.    1833   by   Emilius    (Derby   of   1823  —  Shoveler    (Oaks   of 
1819)     by    Scud     (sire    of    two    Derby    winners)     Goosander    by    Hamble- 
tonian    (St.    Leger)    Rally   1790. 
Persian,  b.   m.    1829  by  Whisker    (Derby    1815)  —  Variety  by  Soothsayer    (St. 
Leger    1811)    Sprite  by   Bobtail  —  Catherine    1795   by   Woodpecker  —  Camilla 
1778   by  Trentham. 

216  The  American   Thoroughbred 

o 


PATROCLUS 

Bay  horse,  foaled  1895.      Bred  by  the  Estate  of  David  D.  Withers.       The  property  of 
Dr.  Bryan  Obear,  St.  Louis  Mo. 

PATROCLUS  is  a  rich  mahogany  bay,  with  black  points,  a  small  white  star  in  his 
forehead,  a  little  white  on  the  coronet  of  his  left  fore-foot,  a  black  spot  in  front  of  his 
left  hip  bone.  Height  64^2°  inches,  weight  1165  pounds,  girth  74^  inches,  measures 
8^4  inches  below  the  knee,  flat  bone,  stands  true  on  his  legs,  best  of  feet,  which  are  a 
little  underneath  him,  and  he  is  perfect  in  action.  His  temper  is  superb.  His  eyes  are 
large  and  expressive.  Head  and  ear  neat,  with  neck  set  into  oblique  stout  shoulders, 
back  short  and  arched  over  loins,  beautiful  quarters,  large  without  lumber  and  high 
on  the  crupper.  He  favors  in  general  appearance  his  great  grand  sire,  Boston,  to 
whom  many  assert  he  bears  a  striking  likeness,  except  color. 

Owing  to  sickness  and  many  accidents,  Patroclus  won  only  two  races,  one  as  a 
two-year-old,  at  Kinloch  Park,  $l/2  furlongs,  Oct.  12,  1900,  beating  a  field  of  ten 
horses,  103  Ibs.  up,  in  i  :o8y2.  Handicap,  i  1-16  m.,  Oct.  29,  1901,  98  Ibs.  up,  in  i  '.tfl/4, 
beating  a  field  of  seven  horses.  He  was  caught  in  a  railroad  wreck  on  the  Illinois 
Central  Railroad  at  Makanda,  Ills.,  May  3,  1902,  in  which  he  had  his  shoulder  dis- 
located and  bruised,  two  ribs  broken  and  was  badly  scarred  up.  At.  Kinlock  Park, 
Oct.  25,  1903,  in  a  private  trial  he  worked  i  m.  in  i  :38  with  125  Ibs  up.  At  New 
Orleans,  Nov.  3,  1903,  he  picked  up  a  nail  and  had  to  be  thrown  out  of  training. 

In  a  letter  dated  April  2,  1901,  Mr.  Joseph  Osborne  (Beacon),  the  British  turf 
authority,  says : 

"I  think  the  breeding  of  Patroclus  so  choice  and  so  palpably  so,  that  you  ought 
by  all  means  to  preserve  him  for  the  stud,  selecting  mares  only  that  are  suitable  for 
him,  for  from  the  grand  blood  there  is  in  him  on  both  sides  of  the  house,  he  is  bound  to 
make  a  valuable  sire. 

In  closely  examining  the  blood  of  Patroclus,  you  can  see  he  is  inbred  to  Glencoe, 
that  great  sire  appearing  twice  in  Uncas  through  his  dam,  Coral,  who  was  gotten  by 
a  son  of  Glencoe,  whose  grand-dam,  Glencairn,  was  Glencoe's  full  sister,  while  Cadence, 
the  dam  of  Patroclus  is  directly  descended  from  Pocahontas,  the  greatest  brood  mare 
of  all  time  by  Glencoe.  And  then  you  cannot  help  noticing  that  both  Uncas  and 
Cadence  have  each  similar  blood  in  them  besides,  viz. :  Touchstone,  and  further  back. 
Camel,  Catton,  Blacklock,  Whisker,  Whalebone,  Waxy,  Orville,  Pot-8-os,  all  great  per- 
formers on  the  turf,  and  sires  of  world  wide  fame. 

Patroclus  is  thus  inbred  in  the  right  way,  i.  e.,  through  both  sire  and  dam,  com- 
ing down  through  the  most  famous  horses  known  to  the  world,  while  he  has  mixed 
in  him  the  blood  of  many  other  great  horses,  such  as  Diomed,  and  his  great  grandson 
Lexington,  inbred  to  Diomed  through  his  celebrated  son,  Sir  Archy,  Slane,  Gladiator. 
Pantaloon,  Sir  Hercules,  Voltaire,  Birdcatcher,  Bob  Booty,  Margrave  and  Drone,  etc.. 
etc.  Surely,  being  so  bred,  if  Patroclus  fails  to  get  first-class  race  horses,  it  will  be 
strange  and  unaccountable. 

It  is  only  a  question  of  time  until  the  thoroughbred  breeders  of  Great  Britain  and 
the  world  will  be  compelled  to  go  to  Matchem  or  Herod  line  horses  for  sires,  and  in 
my  humble  opinion  Herod  is  the  preferable  line  with  which  to  cross  inbred  Eclipse 
mares.  France  has  a  number  of  Herod  line  horses  through  Glaucus,  and  America 
through  Glencoe  and  Lexington.  The  latter  is  much  tabooed  at  the  present  time  in 
tail-male,  but  I  believe  his  son's  failure  due  only  to  lack  of  access  to  the  proper 
blood." 

Uncas  was  one  of  the  last  and  among  the  best  sons  of  Lexington,  a  grand  race 
horse,  and  at  the  stud  produced  Laggard,  a  first-class  race  horse ;  Dunboyne,  a  high 
class  horse ;  the  stake  winners,  Cascade,  McCarthy,  St.  Michael,  Copyright,  Helen 
Block,  Oneko,  Cassette  and  Pactolus,  full  brother  to  Patroclus,  Frank  Harris,  En- 
chantor,  Umbrella,  Post  Haste,  The  Knicknack  filly  and  a  large  number  of  others. 

Cadence,  his  dam,  produced  Trill,  Cascade,  Orator,  Jack  McDonald  and  Pactolus. 
Cascade  was  a  stake  winner,  and  produced  Lizzie  T.  (stake  winner)  and  Cataract. 
Trill  produced  Melba  (dam  of  Stalwart,  winner  $58,000  in  1904),  Trillion  (stake  win- 
ner), Trillette,  Quaver,  Royal  Salute,  Musette  and  Triolet. 

Second   dam,    Castagnette,   produced    Casino    (a    sire),    Maroon,    Druidess,    Roby, 


PATROCLUS,  (3),  B.  H.,  1898  I 
BRED  IN  BROOKDALB  STUD,  RED  BANK,  N.  J.  1 

UNCAS.  (l)  1 

B 

c 

B 

X 

0 

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I*Cairngorme  Vandal  Alice  Carneal  Boston 
(O  (12)  (12)  (40)  1 

Timoleon* 

sir   Archy,   b.    h.    1805,   by   imp.    Diomed,    (first   winner   of   the    Derby)  —  im- 
ported   Castianira   by    Rockingham,    (son   of   Highflyer)    Tabitha   by   Trent- 
ham. 
Daughter   of  imp.    Saltram,    (Derby   winner   in    1783)    he   by    Eclipse    out   of 
Virago  by   Snap  —  daughter  of   Symmes'   Wildair. 

Sister   to 
Tuckahoe 

Ball's   Florizel  ch.   h.    1802,    (never  beaten)    son  of  imported   Diomed,   Derby 
of    1780,   out   of   a    mare    by   imported    Shark. 

Daughter  of  imported  Alderman,   (son  of  Pot-8-os,  sire  of  Waxy)  —  daughter 
of     imported    Clockfast,    son    of     Gimcrack  —  sire     of    Medley. 

*Sar- 
pedon 

Emilius,   b.   h.    1820,    (winner  of  the   Derby  in   1823,)   by  Orville,    (St.   Leger 
1802)  —  Emily    by    Stamford,    son    of    Sir    Peter  —  daughter    of    Whisky. 
Icaria    by    The    Flyer,     (sire    of    Wings,    Oaks    of    1825)  —  Parma    by    Dick 
Andrews  —  May   by   Beningbrough,    St.    Leger   winner   of    1794   and   sire   of 
Orville. 

Rowena 

bumpier  b.   h.    1818,   by   Sir  Archy,   out  of  the  dam  of   Flirtilla  and   Thorn- 
ton's   Rattler    by    imported    Robin    Red    Breast.      Flirtilla    beat   Ariel    at    a 
$10,000.00   match   on   Long   Island. 
Lady    Grey,     (fourth    dam    of    Vandal)    by    Robin    Grey,    son    of    imported 
Royalist,    he    by     Saltram  —  out    of    Maria    by    Melzar,    son    of    imported 
Medley. 

*Glencoe 
(O 

Sultan    b.    h.     1816,    by    Selim,    out    of    Bacchante    by    Williamson's    Ditto, 
(Derby  winner   of    1803)    from   Sister   to   Calomel   by   Mercury,   winner   of 
26    races. 
Trampoline,    (half-sister  to  Middleton,   Derby  winner  of   1825)  —  by  Tramp  — 
Web    (sister   to    Vv  halebone   and   Whisker)    by   Waxy,    Derby    1793  —  Pene- 
lope   by    Trumpator. 

Alaric's 
dam 

Tranby,  br.  h.    1826,  by   Blacklock   (second  in  St.  Leger   1817)  —  Miss   Bowes' 
dam   by   Orville  —  Miss   Grimstone    1796   by   Weazle  —  daughter   of   Ancaster 
1768. 
Lucilla,    by    Davenport's    Trumpator  —  Lucy    1821    by    Orphan    1810,    (son    of 
Ball's   Florizel,   above)  —  Lady   Grey,    (third   dam   of   Lexington)    by   Robin 
Grey  —  Maria  by   Melzar. 

Cother- 
stone 
(7) 

Touchstone  br.   h.    1831,   by   Camel,   sire  of   Launcelot,    St.    Leger   of    1840  —  • 
Banter   1823  by  Master  Henry,   son  of  Orville  —  Boadicea  by  Alexander  — 
Brunette    by    Amaranthus. 
Emma,    (dam   of   two    Derby   winners,    1835    and    1843)    by   Whisker    (Derby 
1815)  —  Gibside  Fairy  by  Hermes,  son  of  Mercury  —  Vicissitude  by  Pipator 
—  Beatrice  by   Sir   Peter. 

Glenluce 

Slane,    b.    h.     1833,    by    Royal    Oak     (second    best    sire    sent    to    France)  — 
daughter   of   Orville    1799  —  Epsom    Lass    (sister   to    Comus's    dam)    by    Sir 
Peter  —  Alexina   by   King   Fergus. 
Glencairne    (own  sister  to  Glencoe),  by   Sultan  —  Trampoline   1825  by  Tramp 
—Web,    dam    of   Middleton,    Derby    1825)    by    Waxy  —  Penelope    by    Trum- 
pator. 

CADENCE.  (3)  , 

c 
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Sweet- 
meat 
(21) 

oiadiator,  en.   h.    1833,    (ran  second  in   the   Derby,   his   only  race),   by   Parti- 
san,   1811  —  Pauline  by  Moses   (Derby   1822)  —  Quadrille  by   Selim  —  Canary 
Bird   1806  by   Sorcerer. 
Lollyop,    1836,    by    Voltaire    (Doncaster    Cup     and     second    in     St.    Leger)  — 
Belinda   1825  by  Blacklock   1814  —  Wagtail   1818  by  Prime  Minister,   he  by 
Sancho,    St.    Leger    1804. 

Jocose 

Pantaloon,    ch.    h.    1824,    by   Castrel,    1801  —  Idalia(    fourth    dam    of    Sir   Mo- 
dred)    by    Peruvian  —  Musidora,     (sister    to    Meteora,    Oaks    of    1805)  —  by 
Meteor—  Maid   of  All   Work. 
Banter,    dam    of    Touchstone    and    Launcelot,    both    St.    Leger    winners),    by 
Master    Henry  —  Boadicea,     (fifth    dam    of     Leamington)    by     Alexander  — 
Brunette  by   Amaranthus.                       

Chanti- 
cleer 
(23) 

Birdcatcher  ch.   h.    1833,    (sire   of   one   Derby   and  three   St.    Leger   winners) 
by    Sir    Hercules  —  Guiccioli    by     Bob     Booty  —  Flight    by    Escape  —  Young 
Heroine   by   Bagot  —  Heroine  by   Hero. 
Whim,   by   Irish   Drone    (brother   to   Skeleton)  —  Kiss  by   Waxy  Pope    (Derby 
of    1809)  —  Daughter    of    Champion,     (Derby    and    St.    Leger    of    1800)-  —  • 
Brown    Fanny,    1799   by   Maximum    1785. 

Mrs. 

Carter 

Humphrey,  br.  h.    1835,  by  Sandbeck,    (son  of  Catton,   Doncaster  Cup   1815) 
—  Oceana    by    Cerberus  —  Doctor    Syntax's    (sire    of    Beeswing)     dam    by 
Beningbrough,   St.   Leger   1794  —  Jenny  Mole. 
Daughter  of  Margrave    (St.    Leger   1832,   he  by  Muley   1810)  —  Elastic's  dam 
by     Thunderbolt,     (brother     to     Smolensko,     Derby     1813)  —  Daughter     of 
Sancho    1801  —  Miss  Teazle  by   Sir  Peter. 

Orlando 
(13) 

Touchstone,    (St.   Leger   1834  and  2  Ascot  Cups)   by  Camel  —  Banter   (second 
dam    of    Macaroni   and    Satirist)    by    Master   Henry  —  Boadicea,    (fifth   dam 
of    Darebin)    by   Alexander. 
Vulture  ch.   m.    1833,  by  Langar,  son  of   Selim  —  Kite,    (third  dam  of   Beads- 
man,  by   Bustard  —  Olymp'a,    (dam  of  Elis,   St.   Leger   1836)   by  Sir  Oliver 
—  Scotilla   by   Anvil. 

Malibran 

Whisker,  b.  h.   1812,  by  Waxy,   (Derby  of   1793)  —  Penelope   (dam  of  Whale- 
bone)    by     Trumpator  —  Prunella    by     Highflyer,     (sire     of     Sir     Peter)  — 
Promise   by    Snap  —  Julia   by    Blank. 
Garcia  by   Octavian,    (St.    Leger   1810  and  sire  of  Antonio'   St.   Leger   1819) 
he   by    Stripling  —  daughter   of    Shuttle,    son   of   Young   Marske  —  Katherine 
by   Delpini    1781. 

Volti 
geur*f 
(2) 

Voltaire    br.    h.    1826,    (sire    of    Voltigeur,    Derby    and    St.    Leger    1850,)    by 
Blacklock    1814  —  Variella's   dam   by   Phantom,    (Derby    181  1)—  daughter   of 
Overton   1708  —  Walnut  mare. 
Martha   Lynn  br.   m.    1837,    (second  dam  of  Imperieuse,   St.   Leger    1857,   by 
Mulatto,   sire   of   Bloomsbury,    Derby    1839  —  Leda,   by   Filho   da   Puta    (St. 
Leger    1815)  —  Treasure    1809. 

Ayacanora 

Birdcatcher   ch.    h.    1833,    (brother    to    Faugh-a-Ballagh,    St.    Leger    1844)    by 
Sir    Hercules  —  Guiccioli    by    Bob    Booty  —  Flight    by    Escape,    brother    to 
Rugantino.      (See    Harkaway.) 
Pocahontas,   b.   m.    1837,    (dam   of    Stockwell,   King   Tom   and     Rataplan)    by 
Glencoe     1831  —  Marpessa     1830,    by    Muley     1810,     Clare    by     Marmion  — 
Harnalice   by   Gohanna  —  Amazon. 

1  he  American   'Thoroughbred 


o 


PATR  O  CL  US—  Continued 

Eonette,   Castana,  Morice,   Castalia,   dam  of  Chilton,   Cassette,   Casdale    Mohegan    Mi- 

mosa, Castalian,  Adjidaumo  and  Fred  Graft. 

Third  dam,   Cachuca,  was  a  winner,  dam  of  Donato,   Cracovienne  and  Duvernay 
fourth  dam,  Ayacanora,  dam  of  Cestus,  Chattanooga,  Misfortune  and  Sir  Amyas 
Fifth  dam,  Pocahontas,  dam  of  Stockwell,  Rataplan,  King  Tom,  etc.,  etc. 
In  1903  Patroclus  served  eight  mares,  seven  of  which  produced'  live  'foals.     In  1904 

he  served  ten  mares. 


PRINCE     OF     MELBOURNE 

Winner  of  Many  Races,  Including  the  Brighton  Cup  and  Realization  Stakes  at  Coney 
t  Island,  1901. 

This  horse  is  American  on  both  sides  of  the  house  being  by  Bramble,  the  best  and 
by  far  the  best,  son  of  imported  Bonnie  Scotland,  who  headed  the  list  of  winning  sires 
in  America  in  1880  and  1883,  in  addition  to  being  twice  second  and.  three  times  third. 
Bramble  was  a  great  horse  at  cup  distances,  winning  n  races  after  being  five  times 
defeated  consecutively,  by  Duke  of  Magenta.  He  was  a  very  small  horse  but  carried 
weight  in  a  style  that  was  superb.  He  got  many  winners  and  was  always  near  the  top  of  the 
list,  though  never  premier ;  and  if  he  had  gotten  nothing  but  the  brilliant  Clifford,  who, 
at  one  time  held  the  record  at  two  different  distances,  and  both  times  with  the  top- 
weight  of  the  race,  that  alone,  should  have  made  him  famous  as  a  sire.  Bramble's 
dam  was  Ivy  Leaf,  also  dam  of  Waddill  (first  called  Bazar),  winner  of  14  races;  his 
second  dam  was  Bayflower,  sister  to  Preakness.  the  hero  of  the  famous  dead  heat  for 
the  Saratoga  Cup  of  1875,  and  afterwards  walked  over,  for  the  Brighton  Cup,  two  miles, 
in  England ;  and  the  third  dam  was  Bay  Leaf,  the  only  American  mare  up  to  1890  that 
had  produced  three  winners  in  England,  Bay  Final  and  Rubicon  being  the  other  two. 
Maid  of  Balgowan  (also  dam  of  Oneko  Maid  and  Maid  of  Promise,)  is  by  Hindoo,  a 
great  sire,  and  by  long  odds  the  best  horse  in  America  in  1881-82.  Hindoo  was  the 
sire  of  Hanover,  a  brilliant  performer,  and  four  times  first  on  the  list  of  winning  sires, 
as  well  as  twice  second  by  very  narrow  margins.  Her  dam  was  Ballet,  who  produced 
Modesty,  by  War  Dance,  she  being  the  only  mare  in  twenty-five  years  to  win  the 
American  Derby  at  Chicago.  Blue  Grass  Belle,  herself  a  great  winner,  was  a  sister  to 
Modesty!  The  next  dam  was  Balloon,  by  imp.  Yorkshire,  she  being  the  dam  of  True 
Blue  and  The  Banshee,  who  produced  that  excellent  sire,  Apache.  The  next  dam 
Heraldry  by  Herald,  imported,  produced  eight  winners,  five  of  which  were  stake  win- 
ners. The  next  dam  was  Margaret  Woods,  dam  of  Wade  Hampton  and  Star  Davis, 
two  of  the  fastest  horses  between  1849  and  1852;  and  the  fifth  dam,  Maria  West,  pro- 
duced the  great  Wagner,  who  won  the  $20,000  Post  Stake  at  Louisville  in  1839,  beat- 
ing Grey  Eagle,  Queen  Mary  and  Hawkeye.  In  every  generation  of  this  pedigree  are 
to  be  found  some  great  winners  at  all  distances. 

Like  Ben  Brush,  Prince  of  Melbourne  comes  from  the  family  of  Maria  West, 
which  does  not  trace  to  any  of  the  forty  odd  mares  in  the  Bruce  Lowe  system.  But  in 
each  generation  the  Maria  West  family  has  had  its  clever  representatives  which  ac- 
counted for  a  large  share  of  the  public  moneys  run  for  in  America.  Wagner,  who 
raced  at  every  track  between  the  Ohio  river  and.  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  for  four  seasons 
and  beat  every  horse  of  note,  save  Boston,  was  the  first  horse  to  attract  attention  to 
this  family,  Childe  Harold  being  the  next.  It  is  worthy  of  note  that  Childe  Harold 
was  the  first  stallion  to  attract  notice  to  the  famous  Belle  Meade  farm  in  Tennessee, 
of  which  he  was  a  shining  light  up  to  the  time  of  his  death.  Star  Davis,  the  fastest 
horse  in  America  till  Lexington  and  Lecompte  appeared,  was  another  brilliant  repre- 
sentative of  this  family.  He  got  Day  Star,  a  winner  of  the  Kentucky  Derby. 


,  PRINCE  OF  MELBOURNE,  CH.  H.,  1898.  j 

BRED  IN  THE  MELBOURNE  STUD,  LEXINGTON,  KY.,  BY  COL.  W.  S.BARNES. 

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(2) 

Don   John, 
b.    h.,    1835. 

Waverly,   br.    h.    1817,    by   Whalebone    (Derby   winner   in    1810)  —  Margaretta 
1802    by    Sir    Peter    1784  —  Daughter    1792    of    Highflyer  —  Nutcracker    by 
Matchem  —  Miss    Starling  by    Starling    1727. 
Iletman  Platoff's  dam,  gr.  m.  1821  by  Comus  1809  (sire  of  2  St.  Leger  win- 
ners) —  Marciana   by   Stanford    (son   of   Sir   Peter)  —  Marcia  by   Coriander 
—  Faith  by   Pacolet—  Atalanta    1769  by  Matchem. 

Scandal, 
b.   m.,    1822. 

selim,  ch.  h.   1802   (sire  of  i   Derby  and  2  Oaks  winners)  by  Buzzard  (he  by 
Woodpecker)  —  Castrel's   dam   by   Alexander    (brother   to    Don   Quixote)  — 
Highflyer    mare    1781  —  Daughter    of    Alfred,    brother    to    Conductor. 
Jaughter    1816   of   Haphazard    (sire  of   Filho   da   Puta,    St.    Leger   and   Don- 
caster   Cup   1815)  —  Princess  by   Precipitate    (brother  to   Gohanna)  —  Colibri 
'793    by    Woodpecker  —  Camilla    1778    by    Trentham    1766  —  Coquette. 

(22) 

Gladiator, 
ch.  h.,  1833- 

Partisan,    b.    h.     1811    by    Walton     (brother    to    Williamson's    Ditto,    Derby 
1803)  —  Parasol    by    Pot-8-os    1773  —  Prunella    (2d    dam    of    Whalebone   and 
Whisker)   by  Highflyer    (sire  of  Sir  Peter)  —  Promise   1768  by   Snap    1750. 
Pauline,    b.    m.    1826    by    Moses    (Derby    winner    of    1822)  —  Quadrille    1815 
by    Selim  —  Canary    Bird    (6th    dam    of    St.    Blaise,    Derby    of     1883)    by 
Sorcerer    1796  —  Canary    by    Coriander    (Pot-8-os)  —  Miss    Green. 

Beverlac's 
Dam, 
b.   m.,   1839. 

Plenipotentiary    (Derby    winner    in    1834)    by    Emilius    (Derby    of    1823)  — 
Harriet    1819    by    Pericles    (son    of    Evander    1801)  —  Selim    mare    1812-  — 
Pypilina    1803   by   Sir   Peter  —  Rally   by   Trumpator-  —  Fancy. 
Myrrha,  b.   m.    1830  by  Whalebone  —  Gift   1818  by  Young   Gohanna    1810  — 
Sister    to    Grazier    1802    by    Sir    Peter    1784  —  Daughter     1788    of    Trum- 
pator   1782    (Conductor    1767)  —  Sister    to    Postmaster    by    HeroflL 

(7) 

West 
Australian, 
b.    h.,    1850. 

Melbourne,   br.   h.    1834    (sire  of   Sir  Tatton   Sykes,   2000  gs.   and   St.   Leger 
1846)    by    Humphrey    Clinker    1822  —  Morpeth's    dam    1825    by    Cervantes 
1806  —  Daughter    of   Golumpus    1802  —  Daughter    1810   of   Paynator. 
Mowerina,    b.    m.     1843     (sister    to    Cotherstone,    Derby    and    2000    gs.)    by 
Touchstone  1831  —  Emma   (dam  of  2  Derby  winners)   by  Whisker   (Derby 
1815)  —  Gibside    Fairy    by    Hermes    1790  —  -Vicissitude    by    Pipator. 

Emilia, 
imp.    b.    m., 
1840. 

Young   Emilius,    b.    h.    1833    (raced    in    England    as    "Eric")  —  by    Emilius  — 
Shoveler    (Oaks    1819)    by    Scud    (sire   of   2   Derby   winners)  —  Goosander 
1805     by     Hambletonian     (St.     Leger     1795)  —  Rally     1790  —  Fancy,     sister 
Persian,  b.  m.    1829  by  Whisker   (sire  of  2    St.   Leger  winners)  —  Variety  by 
Soothsayer    (St.    Leger    1811)  —  Sprite    by    Bobtail     1795  —  Catherine    1795 
by  Woodpecker  1773  —  Camilla  by  Trentham  —  Coquette  by  Compton  Barb. 

(12) 

Lexington, 
b.    h.,    1850. 

Boston,  ch.   h.    1833  by  Timoleon   1813  —  Sister  to  Tuckahoe   1814  by   Ball's 
Florizel  —  Daughter   of    imported    Alderman    (son    of    Pot-8-os)-  —  Daughter 
of    imp.    Clockfast    1774    (Gimcrack)—  Symmes    Wildair    mare. 
Alice    Carneal,    br.    m.    1836    by    imp.    Sarpedon    1828    (winner    of    the    Fitz 
William    Stakes   at   Doncaster   in    1831)  —  Rowena    1826   by    Sempter    1818 
(Sir   Archy    1805)  —  Lady    Grey    by    Robin    Grey    (Royalist)  —  Maria. 

Bay   Leaf, 
b.    m.,    1853. 

Yorkshire,   b.    h.    1834   by    St.    Nicholas    (son   of    Emilius    and    Sea    Meir)  —  • 
Miss   Rose,   imported,    by   Tramp  —  Daughter   of    Sancho    (St.    Leger    1804) 
—  Blacklock's    dam    by    Coriander  —  Wild    Goose    1792    by    Highflyer. 
Maria    Black     (imported)    by    Filho    da    Puta    (St.    Leger    1815)  —  Daughter 
of    1817    Smolensko    (Derby    and    2000    gs.    of    1813)  —  Daughter    1803    of 
Sir     Peter     1784  —  Mambrino     mare     1785  —  Marigold     by     Herod. 

\  MAID  of  BALGOWAN,  BR.  M.,  1889.  (x)  ||  • 

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(12) 

Vandal, 
b.    m.,    1850. 

(jlencoe,  ch.  h.   1831    (won  the  2000  gs.  and  Goodwood  Cup   1834)  by  Sultan 
(2d  in   Derby   1819)  —  Trampoline    1825   by  Tramp«Web    (sister  to  Whale- 
bone and  Whisker)  by  Waxy   1790  —  Penelope   1790  by  Trumpator   1782. 
Marie's   dam  br.   m.    1837   by  imp.    Tranby   Oatlands   Handicap   of    1832)  — 
Lucilla  by  Trumpator  —  Lucy   (dam  of  Blacknose(  by  Orphan—  Lady  Grey 
3rd   dam   of   Lexington)    by   Robin   Gray  —  Maria  by   Melzar. 

Hymenia, 
b.   m.,    1851. 

Yorkshire,  imported  b.   h.   1834  by  St.   Nicholas   (sire  of   St.   Lawrence,  who 
won  the  Queen's  Vase  twice)  —  Miss  Rose  by  Tramp  —  Daughter  of  Sancho 
(Don    Quixote)  —  Blacklock's    dam    by    Coriander. 
Little  Peggy,  ch.  m.   1847   (3d  dam  of  Ansel  who  holds  the  three-mile  record 
at    Cincinnati)    by    Cripple,    son    of   the   great   Medoc  —  Peggy    Stewart   by 
Cook's  Whip  —  Mary  Bedford  by   Duke  of  Bedford. 

(12) 

Lexington, 
b.    h.,    1850. 

Boston   (winner  of  40   races  out  of  45,  of  which   30  at  four-mile  heats)   by 
Timoleon,   sire  of  the  great  Omega  —  Sister  to  Tuckahoe    (dam  of   Robin 
Brown)    by   Ball's   Florizel,   never  beaten. 
Alice  Carmeal   (dam  of  Umpire  who  won   18   races  in  England)   by  imported 
Sarpedon    (2d    to    Priam    in    the    Goodwood    Cup    of    1832)  —  Rowena    by 
Sumpter  —  Lady    Gray,   4th    dam   of   Vandal   by    Robin    Grey. 

Weather- 
witch, 
imp.   ch.   m., 
1858. 

YVeatherbit,  br.  h.   1842   (sire  of  Beadsman,  Derby  of  1858)  by  Sheet  Anchor 
1832  —  Miss  Letty    (Oaks  of    1837)   by   Priam    (Derby    1830   and   Goodwood 
Cup    with    139    Ibs.)  —  Miss    Fanny's    dam    by    Orville    (St.    Leger    1802) 
Daughter  of   Birdcatcher   1833    (sire  of    i    Derby  and  3   St.    Leger   winners) 
—  Colocynth    (dam   of   New   Warrior   in   Australia)    by   Physician    (sire   of 
The   Cure)  —  Camellina    (sister  to  Camel,  sire  of  Touchstone). 

(x) 

Revenue, 
b.    h.,    1843. 

Trustee,  imp.  ch.  h.   1829  (brother  to  Mundig,  Derby  1835)  by  Catton   (Don- 
caster  Cup)  —  Emma   (dim  of  Cotherstone)   by  Whisker  —  Gibside   Fairy  by 
Hermes    (Mercury  —  Vicissitude  by   Pipator  —  Daughter   of   Sir   Peter. 
Rosalie  Somers  by  Sir  Charles  (best  son  of  Sir  Archy,  as  a  sire)  —  Mischief 
by  Virginia  (son  of  Sir  Archy)  —  Daughter  of  imp.   Bedford   (Dungannon) 
—  Daughter  of   Bellair  —  Shark  mare  —  Symmes'   Wildair   mare. 

Nina, 
b.  m.,  1840. 

Boston,  ch.  h.   1833   (winner  of  30  races  at  4-mile  heats)  by  Timoleon  (never 
beaten  at  4  miles)   son  of  Sir  Archy  —  Sister  to  Tuckahoe    (dam  of   Robin 
Brown)   by  Ball's  Florizel    (never  beaten)  —  Alderman  mare. 
Frolicsome  Fanny   (imported)  by  Lottery  (sire  of  Chorister,  St.  Leger  1831) 
—  Sister  to  Catterick  by  Whisker  (sire  of  2  St.  Leger  winners)  —  Daughter 
of   Bay   Trophonius  —  Slope  mare  —  Lardella  by  Young  Marske. 

(2)    • 

Yorkshire, 
imp.     b.     h. 
1834. 

St.    Nicholas  by   Emilius    (Derby    1823    and   sire  of   2    Derby   winners)  —  Sea 
Mew    (sister   to    Sailor,    Derby   of    1820)    by   Scud    (Beningbrough)  —  Goos- 
ander by  Hambletonian,   winner  of  the   St.    Leger. 
Miss  Rose   (imported)  by  Tramp   (sire  of  Dangerous,  Derby   1833  and  Bare- 
foot   (St.    Leger,    1823)  —  daughter    of    Sancho    (St.    Leger,    1804)  —  Black- 
lock's    dam    by    Coriander    (Pot-8-os)  —  Wild    Goose    by    Highfler,    sire    of 

Heraldry, 
b.   m.,    1846 

Herald    (imported)    by   Plenipotentiary    (Derby   of    1834   and   sire   of   Poison, 
Oaks  of  1841)  —  Imported  Delphine  by  Whisker  (above)  —  My  Lady  (imp.) 
by  Comus  —  The  Colonel's   (St.  Leger  1828)   dam  by  Delpine   (Highflyer). 
Margaret  Woods,   b.   m.    1840    (dam  of   Star  Davis  and   Wade   Hampton)    by 
imp.  Priam  —  Maria  West  (dam  of  Wagner  and  Childe  Harold)  by  Marion 
Sir  Archy)  —  Ella   Crump  by  imp.    Citizen,   son   of   Pacolet    (English). 

220  'The  American   Thoroughbred 


INFLEXIBLE 

Winner  of  the  Swf  and  Foam  Stakes  at  Coney  Island.     Property  of  H.   T.  Oxnard. 

INFLEXIBLE,  bay  horse,  foaled  in  1901,  was  bred  by  the  late  William  C.  Whitney,  of 
New  York,  being  by  the  great  Hamburg  (winner  of  the  Great  Eastern  Handicap  with 
!35  pounds),  out  of  imported  Berriedale,  one  of  the  choicest  matrons  selected  for  the 
late  Marcus  Daly's  Bitter  Root  Stud,  Ravalli  county,  Montana.  She  is  by  Donovan, 
winner  of  the  Derby  and  St.  Leger  of  1889  and  the  largest  money-winner  in  the  world 
up  to  that  date.  Inflexible  won  a  sweepstake  at  Morris  Park,  half  a  mile  in  52  sec- 
onds with  108  pounds,  beating  Collector  Jessup,  Masedo,  Jocund  and  seven  others. 
Won  the  Foam  Stakes  at  Coney  Island,  five  furlongs  in  i  :oiJ/2,  with  118  pounds,  beat- 
ing Mimosa  115,  Monsoon  in,  and  nine  others,  including  such  good  ones  as  Bob  Mur- 
phy, Race  King,  Clifton  Forge,  Monet  and  Juvenal  Maxim,  all  of  which  have  won  big 
money  since.  He  was  never  extended  at  any  part  of  the  race,  the  value  of  which  was 
$5,895.  His  next  race  was  for  the  Surf  Stakes  at  the  same  track  where  the  penalties 
brought  his  weight  up  to  129  pounds,  with  which  he  won  in  i  107,  a  fast  race  for  5l/2 
furlongs.  Value  $5,385.  Monsoon  in  was  second  and  Yellow  Hammer  114  third  with 
five  others  unplaced.  It  was  Mr.  Whitney's  expectation  to  win  the  Futurity  race  with 
this  grand  colt,  but  he  came  out  of  the  Surf  Stakes  quite  lame  and  all  efforts  to  bring 
him  to  another  race  were  wholly  unavailing,  and  he  was  permanently  retired,  shortly 
afterwards  becoming  the  property  of  his  present  owner.  When  it  is  remembered  that 
Hamburg  Belle  won  the  Futurity  with  Leonidas  second  (also  by  Hamburg,  the  sire  of 
Inflexible),  the  latter  carrying  the  top  weight  of  the  race,  and  that  Inflexible,  up  to  the 
time  of  his  retirement,  had  won  twice  as  much  money  as  either  of  these  two,  it  will  be 
seen  that  he  was  a  colt  of  unquestioned  class. 

In  person,  Inflexible  is  as  handsome  a  horse  as  one  could  wish  to  see.  In  color 
he  is  a  blood  bay,  with  a  degree  of  substance  and  heavy  bone  that  he  plainly  inherits 
from  his  marvellous  sire  who  is  the  only  stallion  to  get  two  winners  of  the  Futurity, 
and  who  is  the  largest  winning  sire  of  the  past  two  years  when  you  consider  the  num- 
ber of  starters  he  has  had  in  his  name.  The  student  of  pedigrees  will  find  all  the  best 
blood  of  America  in  Inflexible's  sire,  as  Hamburg's  second  dam  produced  the  great 
Domino  who  won  over  $180,000  at  two  years  old ;  and  the  best  blood  of  England  in  his 
dam,  which  belongs  to  the  No.  8  family,  from  which  came  such  flyers  as  Beeswing, 
Newminster,  Nunnykirk,  Sultan,  Ayrshire,  Sir  Tatton  Sykes,  Orville,  Melton,  The 
Colonel,  Octavian,  Andover,  Rhedycina  and  Governess. 

This  family  shows  three  winners  each  of  the  Derby,  Oaks,  Two  Thousand  and  One 
Thousand  Guineas,  and  eight  of  the  St.  Leger,  making  twenty  classic  winners  in  all. 

Inflexible  commands  as  much  attention  as  any  other  horse  in  this  book,  on  ac- 
count of  the  patrician  blood  that  is  to  be  found  in  the  dam's  side  of  his  pedigree.  It  is 
not  only  good  but  absolutely  great  in  every  generation.  His  third  dam,  Atalanta, 
produced  Ayshire,  winner  of  the  Derby  and  Two  Thousand  Guineas  of  1888,  and  now 
the  best  exponent  c-  Hampton's  line.  He  got  the  Oaks  winner,  Airs  and  Graces. 
Inflexible's  fourth  dam,  Feronia,  produced  St.  Serf  by  St.  Simon;  and  about  the 
first  horse  to  confer  fame  on  that  marvelous  sire.  The  next  dam,  Woodbine,  pro- 
duced several  good  winners ;  and  the  next  was  Honeysuckle,  own  sister  to  New- 
minster,  a  St.  Leger  winner  and  a  good  deal  the  best  son  of  Touchstone  when  you 
compute  them  by  their  value  as  sires.  The  next  dam  was  Beeswing,  the  greatest 
racing  mare  in  English  history,  she  having  won  52  races  out  of  63,  including  4  Don- 
caster  Cups. 


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IMannie  Gray,  Fellowcraft,  (x)  Bourbon  Belle,  HindooU4) 
b.  m.,  1874  ch.  h.,  1869  b.  m.,  1876  b.  h.,  1878 

(20) 

Virgil, 
bl.    h.,    1864 

\andal    b.    h.    by    imported    (.lencou     183  1  —  Alanc's    dam     1837    by    imported 
Tranby;  —  Lucilla     by     Trumpator  —  Lucy     by     Orphan     (Ball's     Florizel)  — 
Lady  Grey  by  Robin  Grey. 
Ilymenia  b.  m.  by  imported  Yorkshire  1834  —  Little  Peggy  by  Cripple  184-5  — 
Peggy    Stewart    by    Cook's    Whip     (imported    Whip    by     Saltram,     Derby 
winner    in    1783. 

Florence, 
ch.   m.,    1869 

Lexington   by    Boston   ch.    h.    1833  —  Alice   Carneal    1836   by   imported    Sarpe- 
don    1828  —  Rowena    1826    by    Sumpter  —  Lady    Gray    1818  —  Maria   by    Mel- 
zar    (imported   Medley). 
\Veatherwitch    imported    (dam    of    Fonso)    by   Weatherbit    1842  —  Birdcatcher 
mare    1853  —  Colocynth    by    Physician    (Brutandorf)  —  Camellina   by    Whale- 
bone —  Selim    mare. 

do) 
Bonnie 
Scotland, 
1853 

lago  b.   h.    1843  by  Don  Johnt     D    1835  —  Scandal  bv   Selim    1802  —  Daughter 
of  Haphazard  (Sir  Peter)  —  Princess  by  Precipitate   1787. 

;2ueen   Mary  by   Gladiator    1833  —  Beverlac's   dam   by    Plenipotentiary    1831  — 
Myrrha    by    Whalebone*    1807  —  Gift   by    Young    Gohanna. 

Ella  D, 
b.    m.,     1858 

Vandal   b.    h.    1850   by  Glencoe   A.   G.    1831  —  Alaric's   dam    1837   by   imported 
Tranby    1826  —  Lucilla  by   Trumpator  —  Lucy  by   Orphan  —  Lady   Gray    1818 
by    Robin    Gray.                                                     • 

Falcon   gr.    m.    (sister   to   Gray    Eagle)    by   Woodpecker    (son    of    Bertrand— 
Ophelia    by    Wild    Medley  —  Sir   Archy    mare    1821  —  Lady    Chesterfield. 

(n) 
Australian, 
imp.  ch.  h., 
1858 

West  Australian*t  A  by  Melbourne  —  Mowerina   1843  by  Touchstone!  A  1831 
Emma    by    Whisker    1812  —  Gibside    Fairy   by    Hermes  —  Vicissitude. 
Emilia,   imported,  b.    m.    1840   by   Young   Emilius    (Emilius  —  Shoveler,    Oaks 
1819)  —  Persian    by     Whisker     1812  —  Variety    by     Soothsayerf  —  Sprite    by 
Bobtail. 

Aerolite, 
ch.  m.,   1862 

Lexington    b.    h.    by    Boston    1833  —  Alice    Carneal    (dam    of    Umpire    winner 
of  1  8  races  in  England)   by  imported  Sarpedon   1828  —  Rowena  by  Sumpter 
—  Lady    Gray   by    Robin    Gray. 

Florine    by    Glencoe    1831  —  Melody    by    Medoc  —  Rodolph's    dam    by    Haxall's 
Moses    (Sir   Harry*    imported)  —  Daughter   of   Cook's   Whip    1824. 

(x) 

Enquirer, 
b.     h.,     1867 

Leamington    C.    G.    br.    h.    1853,    by    Faugh    a   Ballaghf    Ces    1841  —  Daughter 
1841    of    Pantaloon  —  Daphne    1837    by    Laurel    1825  —  Maid    of    Honor    by 
Champion  —  Etiauette. 

Lida    by    Lexington     1850  —  Lize    by    American    Eclipse  —  Gabriella    (dam    of 
the    great    George    Martin)    by    Sir    Archy. 

Lizzie   G., 
b.    m.,     1867 

War    Dance   ch.    h.     1859    by    Lexington  —  Reel    (dam    of    Starke,    Goodwood 
Cup    1861)    by    Glencoe    imp.     1831  —  Gallopade    imported    gr.    m.    1828    bv 
Catton  —  Camillina   by   Camillus. 
Daughter    of    b.     m.     1837,     Lecomte     (Boston  —  Reel)  —  Edith     by     imported 
Sovereign      (Emilius  —  Fleur     de     Lis)  —  Judith     by     imported     Glencoe— 
Fandango    by    Leviathan    1823. 

tx 

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(19) 

VedetteJD. 
br.    h.,    1854 

Voltigeur*    br.    h.    1847    by    \oltaire    1826  —  Martha    Lynn    1837    by    Mulatto 
1823—  Leda  by   Filho   da  Puta*f   D    1812  —  Treasure   by   Camillus. 

Mrs.    Ridgeway  ro.   m.    1849  by   Birdcatcher   1833  —  Nan   Darrell   gr.   m.    1844 
by    Inheritor  —  Nell    gr.    m.    1831    by    Blacklock    1814  —  Madam    Vestris    by 
Comus    1809    (Sorcerer). 

Flying 
Duchess, 
b.    m.,     1853 

Flying    Dutchman    *fA    1846    by    Bay    Middleton*     1833  —  Harbelle    1836    by 
Sandbeck  —  Darioletta    1822    by    Amadis    (Don    Quixote)    Selima    by    Selim 
1802. 
Merope  b.   m.    1841   by  Voltaire  D    1826  —  Velocipede's  dam   by  Juniper    1805 
—  Daughter    1810    of    Sorcerer    (sire    of    3    Oaks    winners)—  Virgin   bv    Sir 
Peter    1784. 

(12) 
Scottish 

b.    h.,     1861 

Lord    of    the    Isles    1852    by    Touchstonet    1801  —  Fair    Helen    1843    by    Pant- 
aloon   1824  —  Rebecca    (dam   of   Alice   Hawthorn    and   Annandale)    by    Lot- 
tery —  Cervantes  mare. 
Miss   Ann  b.    m.    1846   by   the   Little    Known    (Muley  —  Lacerta)  —  Bay   Missv 
by    Bay    Middleton*    1833  —  Camilla    br.    m.     1832    by    Y'oung    Phantom  — 
Daughter  of   Camillus.                                • 

Stockings, 
b.     m.,     1863 

Stockwellf  ch.  h.    1849,  by  the   Baront   1842  —  Pocahontas   (dam  of  King  Tom 
and     Rataplan)  —  Marpessa     1830    by     Muley      1810  —  Clare      by      Marmion 
(Whiskey  —  Harpalice   by   Gohanna. 
Go    Ahead    br.    m.    1855    (sister   to    Wrest    Australian,    above)    by    Melbourne 
1834  —  Mowerina   by   Touchstone    1831  —  Emma   by   Whisker    1812  —  Gibside 
Fairy    by    Hermes. 

(S) 

Doncaster*A 
ch.    h.,    1870 

stockwell   ch.    h.    1849   by   The    Baron,    Ces.    1842  —  Pocahontas    2nd   dam    of 
Rayon    d'Ort  —  Marpessa    by    Muley    1810  —  Clare    by    Marmion  —  Harpalice 
by  Gohanna   1790. 
Marigold,  ch.   m.    1860    (Steward's   Cup   at   Goodwood)    by   Teddington*   A  — 
Sister    to    Singapore    1852    by    Ratan     1841  —  Daughter    1844    of    Picton  — 
Daughter    of    Selim. 

Rouge    Rose 
ch.  m.,   1865 

Thormanby*   ch.   h.    1857   by   Windhound    1847  —  Alice   Hawthorn    (winner   of 
50^2    races)   by  Muley  Moloch    1830  —  Rebecca    1831   by   Lottery  —  Daughter 
of    Cervantes. 
Ellen   Home   ch.    m.    1844   by  Redshank    (son   of   Sandbeck)  —  Delhi    1838   bv 
Plenipotentiary     1831  —  Pawn    Jr.      1817      by      Waxy*  —  Pawn,      sister      to 
Penelope. 

(3) 

Galopin*, 
b.     h.,     1872 

Vedette    br.    h.     1854    (sire    of    Gardevisure)    by    Voltigeur  —  Mrs.    Ridgewav 
1849  by   Birdcatcher  —  Nan   Darrell  by  Inheriter  —  Nell  by   BlackLock    1814. 

Flying    Duchess    (dam    of    Vex   who   won   the    Stewards    Cup   at    Goodwood) 
by    Flying    Dutchman*    A  —  Merope    (3rd    dam    of    imported    Eothen)    by 
Voltaire  —  Velocipede's  dam. 

Feronia, 
b.    m.,     i86f 

Thormanby    ch.    h.    1857    (sire    of    Charibert    and    Atlantic,    winners    of    the 
2000    guineas)    by    Windhound  —  Alice    Hawthorn     (dam    of    Oulston)    by. 
Muley   Molocn  —  Rebecca. 
Woodbine    b.    m.     1860    by    Stockwellf  —  Honeysuckle     1851     (own    sister    to 
Newminster)    by   Touchstonet   A.    D.  —  Beeswing    (52   races   out   of   63)    by 
Dr.   Syntax   1811. 

222  The  American   Thoroughbred 


GOLD      HEELS 

Winner  of  the  Brighton  Cup,  and  the  Brighton  and  Suburban  Handicaps.       The  prop- 
erty of  Bedford  Hindc  &  Baker,  Mihvood  Stud,  Frankfort,  Ky. 

This  horse  is  bred  from  the  male-line  of  English  Eclipse,  both  his  sire  and  dam 
being  by  Eclipse  horses — Longfellow  and  Glenelg.  He  was  a  very  busy  horse  from 
the  very  day  he  was  first  saddled,  as  he  started  in  no  less  than  24  races,  of  which  he 
won  5,  was  8  times  second,  5  times  third  and  6  times  unplaced ;  and  in  none  of  these 
races  was  he  ever  beaten  at  even  weights,  conceding  the  following  allowances  to  these 
well-known  flyers  of  1900 : 

Chuotanunda    13  King  Lief 10 

Far  Rockaway  3  Silverdale 5 

There  is  no  disgrace  in  being  beaten  in  any  such  races 'as  those.  At  three  years  old 
he  started  12  times,  winning  7  times  and  only  once  unplaced.  His  victories  at  that  age 
were  the  Spindrift,  il/i  miles  in  1 152^;  Long  Island  Handicap,  i%  miles  in  1 153;  Sea- 
gate Stakes,  i%  miles  in  1:52^;  Monarch  Stakes,  i*/£  miles  in  1:54^  by  8  lengths; 
Oriental  Handicap,  1^4  miles  in  2:05^,  with  Blues  second,  Advance  Guard  third  and 
others  unplaced.  He  also  won  a  purse  at  nine  furlongs  and  closed  up  the  season  by 
winning  the  Autumn  Stakes  at  Morris  Park,  2%  miles  in  3  156,  which  is  the  track 
record.  At  four  years  old  he  was  clearly  the  best  handicap  horse  in  America,  winning 
the  Suburban  Handicap,  eleven  starters,  i%  miles,  in  2:05%,  with  126  pounds,  Pente- 
cost second  and  Blues  third.  Won  the  Advance  Stakes,  il/2  miles  in  2:33,  with  126 
pounds,  from  Advance  Guard  and  Goldsmith,  as  good  a  race  as  ever  was  run  at  that 
distance.  Won  the  Brighton  Handicap  from  8  others,  i%  miles  in  2:03^,  the  track 
record.  Won  the  Brighton  Cup,  2^4  miles,  with  124  pounds,  in  3  :54JA,  or  two  seconds 
faster  than  the  famous  dead  heat  at  Saratoga  which  stood  unbeaten  for  nearly  twenty 
years.  In  his  only  defeat  of  that  year  he  carried  126  pounds  to  Colonel  Bill's  90,  and 
was  beaten  a  -length,  with  seven  good  ones  behind  him,  Blues  being  third.  His  sire, 
The  Bard,  won  the  Brooklyn  Handicap  of  1888  and  beat  all  the  best  horses  in  Amer- 
ica. Gold  Heels  won  $47,620  in  three  seasons  and  The  Bard  campaigned  for  five  sea- 
sons, with  such  cracks  as  Hanover,  Troubadour,  Elkwood,  Rataplan,  Kingston,  Exile, 
Inspector  B  and  Linden  behind  him. 


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laghf  Ces,, 
1844  (n) 
(Got    Fille 
del'  Air, 
Oaks,    1864) 

on-    Hercules,    bl.    li.    1826    (ran    3rd   m    St.    Leger    and    outbred    the    ist   and 
and   horses)    by   Whalebone  —  Peri    (dam   of   imp.    Langford)    by   Wanderer 
—  Thalestri    1809    (dam   o   fEgremout)    by   Alexander  —  Rival  by   Sir   Peter. 
Guiccioli    1823,    by    Bob    Booty    1804  —  Flight    1809    by    Escape    1802  —  Young 
Heroine     by     Bagot     1780  —  Heroine     1775     by     Hero     1753—  Daughter    of 
Snap    1750    (Snip    1736)  —  Sister    (1743)    to    Regulus    1739. 

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Daughter    of 
b.    m.,     1841 
(Dam    of 
Myrtle     and 
John     Bull) 

Pantaloon,    ch.    h.     1824     (sire    of    Ghuznee,    Oaks    1841    and    Satiristf)    by 
Castrel  —  Idalia    (4th  dam  of   Sir  Modred  by   Peruvian  —  Musidora   1804  by 
Meteor   1783  —  Maid  of  All  Work,   1786,  by  Highflyer  —  Syphon  mare   1771. 
Daphne,    br.    m.     1837    by    Laurel     (3rd    in    St.    Leger    and    wo    Doncaster 
Cup    1828)    son    of    Blacklock  —  Maid    of    Honor    (2nd    dam    of    Australian 
Panic)    by    Champion  —  Etiquette    1820    by    Orville  —  Boadicea    1807. 

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Brawners 
Eclipse,     (3) 
ch.    h.,    1839 
(Raced     as 
Counterplot) 

American  Eclipse   (never  beaten  at  any  distance)   ch.  h.   1814  by  Duroc   1806 
(Diomed  imp.)  —  Miller's   Damsel    by   imp.    Messenger    (gr.   h.    1780)  —  imp. 
mare    by    Pot-8-os  —  Gimcrack    mare    1778  —  Snapdragon    by    Snap. 
Daughter  of   1834   Henry,  ch.  h.    1819  and  first  horse  to  run   four  miles  in- 
side   of    7.40  —  Young    Romp    by    Duroc  —  Old    Romp     (sister    to    Miller's 
Damsel)   by  imp.   Messenger  —  Imported  mare,    1792,  by  Pot-8-os   (Eclipse). 

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Quiz, 
b.    m.,     1836 
(Sister     to 
Sueen 
ary) 

Bertrand,   b.   h.    1821    (winner  of   12   races  at  four-mile  heats)   by   Sir  Archy 
1805  —  Eliza   by    imp.    Bedford    1702,    son    of    Dungannon  —  imp.    Mambrina 
'785   by   Mambrino    1738  —  Sister   to   Sally  by   Blank   1740. 
Lady  Fortune,   (date  not  given)   by  Blue  Beard,  he  by  Stirling  imp.    (son  of 
Volunteer)  —  Woodpecker's    dam   by   imp.    Buzzard  —  The    Fawn   by   Craig's 
Alfred  —  Daughter    of    Traveler  —  Whittington    mare. 

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(12) 
Lexington, 
b.     h.,     1850 
(4    miles    in 
7  =  19  3-4-) 

Boston,    sire    of    Red    Eye,    Lecompte,    Nat    Blick,    Commodore,     Financier, 
Cost  Johnson,   Nina,   Bostona  and  Arrow.      Each   of  these   ran   four   miles 
below   7:40   in   bona   fide   races.      Greatest  campaigner   in    U.    S.   A. 
Alice  Carneal,  b.  m.   1836    (dam  of  Maid  of  Orleans,  a  winner  of   18   races) 
by   imported   Sarpedon,    who   ran   second   to    Priam   in   the   Goodwood    Cup 
and   broke   down   in   the   Ascot    Cup,    won   by   Lucetta,    while   in   the   lead. 

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Glencoe,    A.    G.    ch.    h.    1831,    by    Sultan    (the    World's    greatest    sire    of    ex 

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gr.   m.,    1838 
(Dam    of    3 
winners    in 
England.) 

treme  speed,  to  the  present  writing)   second  in  the  Derby  —  his  dam  Tram- 
poline (winner  of  £825  at  3  years)   by  Tramp  —  Web. 
Gallopade,   gr.    m.    1828    (imported    into    Canada    in    1834)    by    Catton  —  Cam- 
illina     by     Camillus  —  Daughter     of     Smolensko*  —  Miss     Canon      1811      by 
Orvillet    1799  —  Weathercock   mare    1796  —  Cora    1777    by    Matchen. 

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Kt.     of     St. 
Georgef(26) 
b.    h.,     1851 
(Sire  of  Kt. 
of     St.     Pat- 
rick.) 

i3irdcatcher,   ch.    h.    1833    (sire    of    Songstress,   Oaks    1853)    by   Sir  Hercuies 
(sire  of  Lifeboat,   Great  Metropolitan   Handicap   1859)  —  Guiccioli    (dam  of 
Faugh-a-Ballagh    above  —  Flight   by   Irish    Escape  —  Young    Heroine. 
Maltese,    b.    m.    1845,    by    Hetman    Platoff    (Northumberland    Plate    1841)  — 
Waterwitch     (who     defeated     Birdcatcher     3     times)     by     Sir     Hercules  — 
Mary  Ann  by  Waxy  Pope*  —  Witch  1811  by  Sorcerer  1796  —  Miss  Buckle. 

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Levity, 
b.    m.,     1845 

irustee,    imported,    ch.    h.    by    Catton  —  Emma    by    Whisker*  —  Gibside    Fairy 
by     Hermes  —  Vicissitude    by     Pipator     (1786)  —  Trustee     ran     3rd    to     St. 
Giles  and  Perion  in  the  Derby  and  beat  Margrave. 
Alaric's    dam    by    imported    Tranby    (winner    ot    the    Oatlands    Handicap    of 
1832)  —  Lucilla   by   Trumpator    1823  —  Lucy    1821    by    Orphan    1810,    son   of 
Rail's    Florizel-     l.adv    Gray    1817.    the    ?rd    dam    of    Lexington. 

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(3) 

Stockwell, 
ch.    h.,    1849 

i  lie   Baron,  ch.   h.    1842    (sire  of  the  Great   French   mare   La    loucques,   3rd 
dam  of   La  Tosca  and  4th   of   Chuctanuenda  and   Caughnawaga)    by   Bird- 
catcher  —  Echidna    1838   by    Economist    1825  —  Gadabout    1812   by   Orville. 
Pocahontas  b.   m.   1837   (3rd  dam  of  Quicklime,  city  and  sub.   1884)  by  Glen- 
coe   A.    G.  —  Marpessa    1830    by    Muley    1810  —  Clare    1824    by    Marmion  — 
Harpalice    1814   by   Gohanna  —  Amazon    1799   by   Driver    1783. 

3  0 

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(Bro. 

Sortie, 
b.    m.,    1851 

Melbourne,   br.    h.    1834   by   Humphrey   Clinker    (sire   of    Bran   who   got   Our 
Nell,   Oaks   of    1843)  —  Morpeth's  dam    1825   by   Cervantes    1806  —  Daughter 
of    1818    Golumpus-  —  Paynator   mare    1810  —  Circle. 
Escalade    (sister   to    Storm    and    Barricade)    by    Touchstone  —  Ghuznee,    Oaks 
winner   1841   by  Pantaloon   1824  —  Languish  by  Cain  —  Lydia   1822  by   Poul- 
ton    1805    (brother   to    Sir   Oliver   D)  —  Variety    1808   by    Hyacinthus. 

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(12) 

Kingston, 
b.     h.,     1849 

Venison,  br.  h.   1833   (ran  3rd  in  the  Derby  and  sire  of  Miami,  Oaks   1847— 
see    pedigree    of    Galtee    More)    by    Partisan    1811  —  Fawn    by    Smolensko* 
—  Jerboa  (sth  dam  of  St.   Simon)   by  Gohanna  —  Camilla   1778. 
Queen  Anne,  b.   m.    1843,  by  Slane   (sire  of  Merry   Monarch*   and  Princess, 
Oaks    1844)  —  Garcia    (2nd    dam    of    Marsyas,    sire    of    George    Frederick*) 
by   Octaviant    1807  —  Shuttle  mare    1806  —  Katherine    1798  by   Delpini    1781. 

£ 

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Alice    Lowe, 
ch.   m.,   1841 

Defence,    br.    h.    1824    (sire  of   The    Emperor,   Ascot   Cup    1845,    and    of   De- 
ception   Oaks    1839)    by    Whalebone*  —  Defiance    (dam    of    Dangerous*    and 
Design)   by  Rubens   1805  —  Little   Folly  by  Highland   Fling  —  Harriet. 
Pet.    1826  b.   m.   by   Gainsborough    1813  —  Daughter    1818  of   Topsy  Turvey  — 
Agnes   1805  by  Shuttle   1793  —  Highflyer  mare   1788  —  Goldfinder  mare   I7&) 
—  Lady    Bolingbroke    1766    by    Squirrel    1754.                                    . 

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(40) 

Boston, 
ch.    h.,    1834 

Timoleon,  ch.   h.    1813,   by   Sir  Archy   1805  —  Jenny   Cockracy's   dam   by   Salt- 
ram*  —  Daughter   of    Symmes'    Wildair    1767  —  Daughter  of    Tyler's    Driver 
—  Fallower   mare  —  Daughter   of   imp.    Vampire    1757    (Regulus). 
Sister  to  Tuckahoe,  ch.  m.   1814  by  Ball's  Florizel   (never  beaten)  —  Daughter 
b.    m.    1790.    of    imp    Alderman    (Pot.-8-os    1773)  —  Clockfast    mare    1774  — 
Symmes  Wildair  mare—  Young  Kitty  Fisher    1767   by   Fearnaught. 

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Lexington 
(Greatest  c 

Alice     Car- 
neal, 
b.    m.,    1836 

Sarpedon,   br.    h.    1828,   imported   into    Virginia,   by    Emilius  —  Icaria   by    The 
Fiver  —  Parma  by  Dick  Andrews   (sire  of  Tramp,  Manuella  and  Altisidori) 
—  May   1804  by   Beningbroughf  —  Primrose   1787  by  Mambrino. 
Rowena,   ch.   m.    1826,   by    Sumpter,   son   of   Sir   Archy  —  Lady   Gray    1817   by 
Robin  Gray,   son  of  imp.   Royalist  —  Maria   1802  by   Melzar    1791    (Medley) 
—  Imp.   Highflyer  mare  —  Daughter  of  imp.    Fearnought    1755. 

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Glencoe, 
imp.    ch.    h., 
1831 

Sultan,  b.  h.    1816   (sire  of  Galata  and  Green  Mantle,  winners  of  the  Oaks) 
by    Selim     1802  —  Bacchante    by    Williamson's    Ditto*  —  Sister    to    Calomel 
1791    by   Mercury  —  Herod   mare    1776  —  Folly    1771    by   Marske. 
Trampoline,  ch.  m.    1825    (dam  of  Glenartney,   2nd  in  Derby   1827,  pulled  to 
stable  companion)    by   Tramp   1810  —  Web  by  Waxy*    1700  —  Penelope    1798 
by  Trumpator    1782    (Conductor)  —  Prunella   1788   by   Highflyer  —  Promise. 

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Cotillion, 
ch.  m.,   1837 

Leviathan    ch.    h.     1823     (raced    in    England    as    Mezereon    and    headed    the 
American   list  of  sires   for  3   years)    by   Muley  —  dauehter  of  Windle    1804 
(Beningbrough)  —  Anvil   mare    1788  —  Virago    (dam   of   Saltram*)    by    Snap. 
Gallopade,    im.    gray   mare    1828   by    Catton    D  —  Camillina    1822    by    Camillus 
—  Smolensko   mare    1818  —  -Miss    Cannon    1811    by   Orvillet    1799  —  Weather- 
cock  mare    1706  —  Cora    1777    bv    Matchem    1748. 

224.  The  American   Thoroughbred 


Winner  of  the  Kentucky  and  Latonia  Derbys  and  the  Suburban  Handicap  1897.     The 
property  of  J.  R.  Kcenc  &  Son,  Castleton  Stud,  Lexington,  Ky. 

This  beautiful  little  horse  was  known  as  the  most  consistent  performer  of  his  day, 
never  being  beaten  except  by  the  highest  class  horses  of  that  period.  And  scarcely  had 
popular  applause  over  his  victories  subsided  than  the  little  marvel  began  to  assert  his 
supremacy  in  another  direction — as  a  sire.  The  close  of  1904  found  him  second  on  the 
list  with  the  substantial  amount  of  $157,425  chalked  up  ag&inst  his  name.  Here  are 
some  figures  to  be  contemplated : 

YEAR PREMIER    SIRE.  AMOUNT. 

1894 — Sir  Modred,  imp $127,400 

1895 — Hanover     106,005 

1896 — Hanover 84,745 

1897 — Hanover     116,140 

1898 — Hanover    1 18,590 

1899— Albert,    imp 95,975 

1900 — Kingston     1 16,368 

In  1902  Hastings  headed  the  list  and  in  1903  the  imported  horse  Ben  Strome,  but 
the  earnings  of  both  these  fell  below  $115,000.  As  Ben  Brush,  while  second  on  the 
list,  has  $30,025  more  to  his  credit  than  had  Sir  Modred,  the  highest  of  the  nine  stal- 
lions above  mentioned,  it  must  be  conceded  that  he  is  the  best  stallion  of  his  age  in  all 
America,  being  two  years  younger  than  imported  Meddler  ,the  premier  of  1904,  and 
over  $100,000  ahead  of  Ornament  who  is  only  one  year  younger  than  Ben  Brush,  and 
who  is  twentieth  on  the  list  for  last  season,  with  some  excellent  sons  and  daughters  to 
his  credit. 

Ben  Brush  gets  all  sorts  of  performers,  his  daughter  Lady  Amelia  being  the  fast- 
est mare  in  all  America  at  short  distances.  And  as  for  stayers  over  a  long  distance, 
his  son  Delhi's  race  for  the  Grand  Republic  stakes  at  Saratoga,  last  July,  which  he 
won  with  119  pounds  at  three  years  old,  beating  horses  of  all  ages,  is  without  a  paral- 
lel. It  ranks  up  with  Foxhall's  Cambridgeshire  and  St.  Gatien's  Cesarewitch. 

BEN  BRUSH  comes  from  one  of  our  most  distinguished  native  American  families — 
that  of  Maria  West.  From  her  came  that  great  four-miler,  Wagner,  by  Sir  Charles, 
who  carried  off  the  $20,000  Post  Stake  at  Louisville  in  1839;  and  her  next  produce  of 
note  was  Childe  Harold,  who  defeated  Jerry  Lancaster  and  Sally  Morgan  at  four-mile 
heats  when  three  years  old.  Maria  West  produced  Margaret  Wood,  she  being  the  dam 
of  Star  Davis  and  Wade  Hampton,  the  two  most  brilliant  horses  of  the  five  years  pre- 
ceding the  advent  of  Lexington.  In  the  later  years  came  such  cracks  as  Sailor,  Para- 
chute, True  Blue,  The  Banshee,  Apache,  Bright  Phoebus  (winner  of  the  Realization 
in  1895),  Rainbow  and  Ahom,  winners  of  the  Brooklyn  Derby;  David  Garrick  and 
Prince  of  Melbourne ;  and  three  winners  of  the  Kentucky  Derby  in  Azra,  Riley  and 
Ben  Brush.  Another  winner  of  this  family  is  Rensalaer,  who  won  in  America,  Eng- 
land, France  and  Belgium. 


THE  PROPERTY  OF  JAS.  R.  AND  F.  P.  KEENE,  CASTLETON  STUD,  KY. 

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(2) 

Don 
JohnfD, 
b.     h.,     1835 

Waverly  br.   h.    1817    (Sire  of  The   Saddler)    by   Whalebone-Margaretta   1802 
by    Sir    Peter    1784  —  Daughter    1792    Highflyer,    sire    of    Sir    Peter  —  Nut- 
cracker   by    Matchem  —  Miss    Starling. 
Hetman    Platoff's     (Northumberland    Plate     1841)     dam    by    Comus     1809  —  • 
Marciana   by    Stamford—  Marcia    1797   by    Coriander    (Pot-8-os)  —  Faith   by 
Pacolet  —  Atalanta    by    Matchem. 

Scandal, 
b.    m.,     1822 

Selim   ch.   h.    1802    (got    i    Derby   and   2   Oaks   winners)    by   Buzzard    1787  — 
Rubens'    dam    by    Alexander    1782  —  Highflyer    mare  —  Daughter    of    Alfred 
1770  —  Daughter    1770  of   Engineer. 
Daughter    of    Haphazard    (got    i     St.    Leger    winner    and    two    of    the    Two 
Thousand)     Princess    by     Precipitate  —  Colibri     (sister    to     Catherine)     by 
Woodpecker  —  Camilla    by    Trentham. 

(22) 

Gladiator, 
ch.    h.,    1833 

Partisan  b.   h.    1811   by  Walton    1799  —  Parasol    (dam   of  Pastille,   Oaks    1822) 
by    Pot-8-os    1773  —  Prunella    (and    dam    of    Whalebone    and    Whisker)    by 
Highflyer    (got   4   St.    Leger    winners)  —  Promise. 
Pauline  b.    m.    1826   by  Moses   (Derby    1822)  —  Quadrille    (2nd  dam   of   Cath- 
erine   Hayes,    Oaks    1853)  —  Canary    Bird    (sth    dam    of    St.    Blaise,    Derby 
1883)    by    Sorcerer  —  Canary    1797    by    Coriander. 

Beverlac's 
dam, 
b.    m.,     1839 

Plenipotentiary    ch.    h.    183^1     (Derby     1834)    by    Emilius    1820  —  Harriet    by 
Pericles  —  Daughter    of     Selim  —  Pipylina    by     Sir    Peter     (Derby     1787)  —  - 
Rally  Fancy    (sister  to   Diomed,    Derby   1780)    by   Florizel. 
Myrrha    b.    m.     1830    by    Whalebone     (above)  —  Gift    by    Young    Gohanna— 
Daughter    1802    of    Sir    Peter  —  Trumpator   mare  —  Sister    to    Postmaster   by 
Herod    (Tartar)  —  Snap    mare. 

(7) 
West      Aus- 
tralian*!, 
b.     h.,     1850 

Melbourne    br.    h.     1834,    by    Humphrey    Clinker    1822  —  Morpeth's    dam    by 
Cervantes     1806  —  Daughter    of    Golumpus    1802  —  Paynator    mare     1810  — 
Circle    (sister   to   Zodiac)    by    St.    George    1789. 
Mowerina  b.  m.    1843,  by  Touchstone   (premier  for  5  seasons)  —  Emma   (dam 
of    2    Derby    winners)     by    Whisker  —  Gibside    Fairy     1811    by    Hermes  — 
Vicissitude  —  Beatrice  by   Sir   Peter    1784. 

Emilia, 
imp.    b.    m., 
1840 

Young  Emilius,  b.  h.   1833,  by  Emilius  1820  —  Shoveler   (Oaks  1819)  by  Scud 
1804  —  Goosander    by    Hambletonian    (St.    Leger)     Rally    by    Trumpator  — 
Fancy    (sist.    to   Diomed)    by   Florizel    1768. 
Persian,    b.     m.     1829     by    Whisker     (Derby)  —  Variety    by    Soothsayer     (St. 
Leger)  —  Sprite  by   Bobtail  —  Catherine  by   Woodpecker  —  Camilla  by  Trent- 
ham  —  Coquette   by  the   Compton   Barb. 

(12) 

Lexington', 

b.     h.,     1850 

Boston,  ch.   h.    1833,  by  Timoleon   1813  —  Robin   Brown's  dam   1814  by  Ball's 
Florizel  —  Daughter   of  imp.   Alderman   1787    (Pot-8-os)  —  Daughter   of   imi>. 
Clockfast   1774  —  Symmes'   Wildair  mare. 
Alice    Carneal,   br.    m.    1836    (a   winner  at  two-mile  heats)    by   imported   Sar- 
pedon   br.    h.    1828  —  Rowena    1826    by    Sumpter    1818    (Sir   Archy    1805)  — 
Lady   Grey  by  Robin   Grey  —  Maria  by  Melzar. 

Bay     Leaf, 
b.    m.,    1853 

Yorkshire,    imp.    b.    h.     1834    by    St.    Nicholas    1827  —  Miss    Rose    by    Tramo 
1810  —  Sancho     mare     1810  —  Blacklock's     dam     by     Coriander  —  Wildgoose 
1792    by    Highflyer  —  Coheiress    by    Pot-8-os. 
Maria   Black,   imp.   br.    m.    1834   by   Filho   da   Puta   1812  —  Daughter   of   Smo- 
lensko    (Derby    1813)  —  Daughter    1803    of    Sir    Peter  —  Daughter    1785    ->f 
Mambrino  —  Marigold    1777    by    Herod. 

1  ROSEVILLE,  B.  M.,  1888. 

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Faugh-a- 
Ballagh, 
br.    h.,    1841 

Sir   Hercules,   br.    h.    1826    (sire  of   Coronation,    Derby   1841)    by  Whalebone 
—  Peri    (dam    of    imported    Langford)    by    Wanderer  —  Thalestris    by    Alex- 
ander —  Rival    by    Sir    Peter    1784. 
Guiccioli,   ch.    m.    1823,   by    Bob    Booty    1804  —  Flight   by   Irish    Escape    1802 
(Commodore)  —  Young     Heroine    by     Bagot     1780     (Herod)  —  Heroine     by 
•  Hero    1753    (Cade)  —  Daughter  of   Snap. 

Daughter   of 
br.   m.,    1841 

Pantaloon,    ch.    h.    1824   by    Castrel    (brother   to    Selim    and-  Rubens)  —  Idalia 
1815  by  Peruvian  —  Musidora   (sister  to  Meteora,  Oaks   1805)   by  Meteor  — 
Maid   of   All   Work   by    Highflyer    17^4. 
Daphne,   br.    m.    1837    by  Laurel    (Doncaster   Cup    1828)    son   of   Blacklock  — 
Maid    of    Honor    by    Champion     (Selim)  —  Etiquette    by    Orville  —  Boadicea 
(2nd  dam  of  Touchstone)   by  Alexander   1782. 

(3) 
Knight     of 
Kars, 
b.     h.,     1855 

Nutwith    b.    h.     1840,    by    Tomboy,     b.    h.      1829  —  Daughter     of      Comus  — 
Plumper's    dam    by    Delpini  —  Miss    Mostyn    by    King    Fergus  —  Columbine 
by   Espersykes. 
Pocahontas    b.    m.    1837    by    Glencoe  —  Marpessa    (dam    of    Jeremy    Diddler) 
by     Muley  —  Clare     by     Marmion  —  Harpalice     by     Gohanna  —  Amazon     by 
Driver,    son   of   Trentham. 

Defamation, 
b.    m.,     1852 

[ago    (above)    winner   of    the    Grand    Duke   Michael   and    2nd   in    St.    Leger, 
beating   Pyrrhus    I.    (who   won    the    Derby)    by    Don   John    (St.    Leger)  — 
Scandal    by    Selim  —  Haphazard    mare. 
Caricature     (sister    to     The     Libel)     by     Pantaloon  —  Pasquinade     (sister     to 
Touchstone)     by    Camel  —  Banter    by    Master    Henry  —  Boadicea    by    Alex- 
ander —  Brunette. 

(O 
Eclipse, 
imp.    b.     h., 

1855 

Orlando    (Derby   of    1844)    by   Touchstone  —  Vulture   by   Langar  —  Kite    (dam 
of   Lady   Moore   Carew)    by    Bustard  —  Olympia    (dam    of   Epirus,    premier 
sire   of    1850)    by    Sir   Oliver,    Doncaster    Cup. 
Gaze,    sister    to    Gaper    by    Bay    Middleton     (sire    of    Andover    and    Flying 
Dutchman,    winners    of    the    Derby)  —  Flycatcher   by    Godolphin  —  Sister   to 
Cobweb    (Oaks    1824)    by   Phantom  —  Filagree. 

Maud, 
imp.    b.    m., 
i8S9 

Stockwell  ch.   h.    1849    (sire  of   3   Derby   and   6   St.   Leger  winners)    by  The 
Baron    (St.    Leger    1845)  —  Pocahontas    (dam   of   King   Tom   and    2nd   dam 
of    Rayon    d'Or)    by    Glencoe  —  Marpessa. 
Countess    of    Albemarle    by    Lanercost    1836  —  Sister    to    Hornsea    (dam    of 
Jenny    Mills)    by    Velocipede  —  Daughter    of    Cerberus,    he    by    Gohanna. 
Hornsea   won   the   Goodwood   Cup    1836. 

(4) 

Kentucky, 
b.    h.,     1861 

Lexington  b.  h.   1850,  by  Boston  —  Alice  Carneal  by  imp.   Sarpedon  —  Rowena 
1826    by    Sumpter  —  Lady    Grey    1818    by    Robin    Grey  —  Maria    by    Melzar 
(Medley). 
Magnolia,    ch.    m.    1841    (dam    of   Daniel    Boone,    Gilroy    and    Skedaddle)    by 
Glencoe  —  imported   Myrtle  by     Mameluke      (Derby      1827)  —  Bobadilla   by 
Bobadil. 

Blue 
Ribbon 
ch.   m.,   1859 

Revenue,   b.    h.    1843   by   imp.    Trustee    (brother   to   Mundig,    Derby    1835)  —  • 
Rosalie    Somers    by    Sir    Charles    (best    son    of    Sir    Archy    as    a    sire)  —  • 
Mischief    by    Virginian    (Sir    Archy). 
Parachute,    b.    m.    by   imported    Yorkshire    1834  —  Heraldry,    ch.    m.    by    imp. 
Herald    1839  —  Margaret    Woods  .(dam    of    Star    Davis)    by    imp.    Priam- 
Maria   West  by   Marion  —  Ella   Crump   by   Citizen. 

226  The  American  Thoroughbred 


DISGUISE      II 

Winner  of  the  Jockey  Club  Stakes  (£10,000)  and  Third    in    the    Derby    of  1900.     The 
property  of  J.  R.  &  F.  P.  Keene,  Castlcton  Stud,  Lexington,  Ky. 

This  was  a  horse  that  had  the  misfortune  to  be  foaled  in  the  same  year  with  a 
winner  of  the  "Triple  Crown,"  the  famous  Diamond  Jubilee  (owned  by  King  Edward), 
to  which  horse  he  ran  third  in  the  Derby,  but  subsequently  defeated  in  the  Jockey  Club 
Stakes,  a  race  of  much  greater  money  value  than  the  Derby.  Had  Disguise  II  been 
foaled  a  year  earlier  or  later  he  must  have  annexed  one  of  the  three  classic  events  of 
England. 

Disguise  II  was  by  Domino,  by  long  odds  the  most  brilliant  colt  ever  toaled  in 
America  up  to  the  present  writing.  No  matter  what  other  colt  was  second.  Domino 
was  always  first.  He  beat  Henry  of  Navarre  and  Dobbins  just  as  easily  as  they  beat 
everything  else.  His  nearest  approach  to  defeat  was  at  Morris  park  when  Dobbins 
ran  a  dead  heat  with  him  in  a  match  for  $5,000  a  side.  Both  colts  were  so  distressed 
that  it  was  agreed  by  the  owners  to  withdraw  the  stakes  and  call  the  race  off.  It  will 
also  be  remembered  that  Domino  was  the  sire  of  that  splendid  three-year-old  filly  Cap 
and  Bells,  which  won  the  Epsom  Oaks  of  1901,  but  pulled  up  lame  and  never  started 
afterwards.  Domino  died  in  1899  after  a  few  hours'  illness,  but  his  sons  will  per- 
petuate his  fame.  The  eldest  progeny  of  Disguise  II  and  Commando  are  two  years 
old  in  1905  and"  may  be  trusted  to  do  battle  for  the  house  of  Himyar,  whose  roll  of 
1903  still  stands  at  head  of  all  winning  lists  with  $249,252  to  his  credit. 

Disguise'  II  comes  from  one  of  the  best  sire  lines  in  the  world,  that  of  little 
Queen  Mary,  that  was  sold  for  $70  at  three  years  of  age.  She  is  the  dam  of  Bonnie 
Scotland,  the  first  horse  ever  to  head  the  list  in  America  with  over  $135,000  to  the 
credit  of  his  progeny ;  the  second  dam  of  Breadalbane  and  Blair  Athol,  the  latter  being 
by  long  odds  the  best  son  of  Stockwell,  being  premier  for  four  seasons ;  and  the  third 
dam  of  Castle  Hill  and  Light  Artillery  in  Australia,  both  noted  as  sires  of  good 
winners.  Queen  Mary  is  also  the  great-grand  dam  of  imported  Siddartha  and  the 
fourth  dam  of  Martenhurst,  two  stallions  of  considerable  fame  in  America.  Every- 
thing from  her  direct  line  races  well  and  breeds  well.  She  represents  the  No.  10 
family  of  Bruce  Lowe's  system,  to  which  also  trace  imported  Deceiver  and  Watercress 
in  America ;  and  imported  Antcros  in  New  Zealand,  a  good  sire  of  whom  Americans 
have  so  far  heard  but  little. 

Like  all  the  other  sires  at  Castleton,  Disguise  is  a  private  stallion  and  no  outside 
mares  can  be  bred  to  him,  save  as  a  matter  of  personal  courtesy. 


1  DISGUISE  II.,  B.  H.,  1897. 

WINNER  OF  THE  JOCKEY  CLUB  STAKES  1900,  AND  THIRD  IN  THE  DERBY.  ! 

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1855 

Orlando*    b.    h.    1841    (sire   of    i    Derby,    i    St.    Leger   and    3   Two   Thousand 
winners)    by  Touchstone    (1831)—  Vulture   by   Langar—  Kite  by   Bustard— 
Olympia    (dam    of    EHs,    St.    Leger    1836)    by    Sir   Oliver   D. 
Gaze   (sister  to  Gaper)   by  Bay  Middleton*   (1833)—  Flycatcher  by  Godolphin 
(Partisan)  —  Sister    to    Cobweb     (Oaks    1824)     by    Phantom*  —  Filagree    by 
Soothsayer-  —  Web    by    Waxy. 

Maud,     imp. 
b.    m.,     1859 

Mockwell,  ch.  h.   1849  by  the  Baronf  (1842)—  Pocahontas   (1837)  by  Glencoe 
G.    (1831)—  Marpessa    (1830)     by     Muley     (1810)  —  Clare     by    Marmion  — 
Harpalice   by    Gohanna    (1790)., 
Countess   of   Albemarle   by   Lanercost   A.    (1836)    ran    3rd   in    St.    Leger  and 
won  Ascot  Cup   1841  —  Sister  to  Hornsea  G.    (1832)   by  Velocipede   (1825) 
Cerberus    mare  —  Miss    Cranfield    by    Sir    Peter. 

(12) 

Lexington, 
b.     h.,     1850 

lioston,    ch.    h.     1834    (only    horse    to    get    ten    performers    with    four    mile 
records   below   7:40)    by   Timoleon    (1813)  —  Robin   Brown's   dam   by   Ball's 
FlorizeJ     (unbeaten)  —  Alderman    mare. 
Alice   Carneal,   b.   m.    1836    (2nd   dam   of   Helmbold   who  beat   Longfellow   at 
four   miles)    by    Sarpedon,    imp.  —  Rowena   by    Sumpter    (Bro.    to    Flirtilla) 
—  Lady    Gray    by    Robin    Gray    (Royalist). 

Hegira, 
ch.   m.,   1846 

Ambassador,    ch.    h.    1839,    by    Plenipotentiary*  —  Jenny    Mills,    imported    by 
Whisker*  —  Hornsea's   dam   by   Cerberus,   son   of   Gohanna  —  Miss   Cranfield 
by    Sir    Peter  —  Pegasus    mare. 
Flight,    ch.    m.    1837    by    imported    Leviathan    (ch.    h.    1827)    son    of    Muley 
1810  —  Charlotte   Hamilton  by   Sir   Charles   (Sir  Archy  —  Lady  of  the  Lake 
by   imported    Sir   Harry*  —  Daughter   of   Diomed*  —  St.    George   mare. 

(14) 
Leamington, 
imp.  br.  h., 
1853 

Faugh-a-Ballaghf   by    Sir    Hercules    (1826)—  Guiccioli    (1823)    by    Bob    Booty 
(1804)  —  Flight  by  Irish   Escape    (Brother  to   Rugantino)  —  Young   Heroine 
by    Bagot,    son    of   Herod    (1758). 
Daughter  of  (b.  m.   1841)   Pantaloon  —  Daphne  by  Laurel  D  —  Maid  of  Honor 
by    Champion    (Selim)  —  Etiquette    by    Orville    (1799)    Boadicea    (2nd   dam 
of   Touchstone)    by   Alexander. 

Lida, 
b.    m.,     1858 

Lexington,      b.      h.      1850      (4     miles      in      7:19%      against     time      and      in 
7:23%,    beating   Lecomte)    by    Boston  —  Alice    Carneal    (2nd   dam   of   Abdel 
Kader)    by    imp.    Sarpedon  —  Rowena    by    Sumpter    (above). 
Lize   by   American    Eclipse    (ch.    h.    1814)    won    n    races   and   never   beaten) 
son  of  Duroc  —  Gabriella   (dam  of  the  great  George  Martin)  by  Sir  Archy. 

(23) 

War    Dance, 
ch.   h.,    1859 

^exington,  b.   h.    1850    (only  horse   in  the  world  to  head  the  list  of  winning 
sires    for    eleven    seasons)     by    Boston  —  Alice    Carneal,    above—  Rowena 
by  Sunmter  —  Lady  Gray, 
keel,    gr.  TW/  1838     (winner    of    16    races    out    of    19,    at    all    distances)    by 
Glencoe,    imp.    A.    G.  —  imp.    Gallopade    by    Catton  —  Camillina   by    Camillus 
Hambletonianf)    Smolensko  mare. 

Daughter    of 
b.    m.,     1857 

i^ecompte,    ch.    h.    1850,    by    Boston    (above)  —  Reel    (dam    of    Prioress    Ces) 
and  Starke  G.  by  Glencoe  —  imp.   Gallopade   (dam  of  Fandango)   by  Cat- 
ton  —  Camillina   by    Camillus. 
^dith,    b.    m.    1850    by   imp.    Sovereign    (Emilius  —  Fleur    de    Lis,    winner    of 
1  8  races  out  of  32)  —  Judith  by  imp.  Glencoe  —  Fandango  by  imp.  Leviathan 
—  imp.    Gallopade,    above. 

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(2) 

Voltigeur*f, 
br.    h.,    1847 

\oltaire   (12)   by   Blacklock,  b.   h.    1814   (second  to  Ebor  in  the  St.   Leger)  — 
Daughter    of    Phantom*    1808    (sire    of    2    Derby    winners)  —  Daughter    of 
Overton  —  Gratitude's   dam    1796,  by  Walnut. 
Martha    Lynn    1837    by    Mulatto     (sire    of    Old    England)  —  Leda    (dam    cf 
Arachne)    1824  by   Filho  da  Puta*   D.  —  Treasure  by  Camillus  —  Hyacinthus 
mare    1804  —  Flora. 

Mrs.    Ridge- 
way, 
ro.    m.,    1849 

Uirdcatcher,   ch.    h.    1833    (got   3    winners    each,    St.    Leger   and    Great    Ebor 
Handicap)  —  by   Sir   Hercules  —  Guiccioli   by   Bob    Booty  —  Flight   by    Escape 
—  Young    Heroine    by    Bagot. 
Xan    Darrell    (3rd    dam    of    Winterlake,    Australia)    by    Inheritor  —  Nell    by 
Blacklock  —  Madam     Vestris     by     Comus   -Lisette     1806     by    Hambletonian 
71792  —  Constance. 

(3) 
Flying    Dut- 
chman*fA, 
1846 

iJay   Middleton*   b.   h.    1836   by    Sultan  —  Cobweb    (Oaks    1824)    by   Phantom* 
—  Filagree    by    Soothsayerf  —  Web     (sister    to    Whalebone*)     by    Waxy*  — 
Penelope   by    Trumpator. 
iSarbelle    b.    m.     1836    by    Sandbeck    1818  —  Darioletta    (dam    of    Galaor)    by 
Amadis  —  Selima    1810    by    Selim    1802  —  Daughter    1794    of    Pot-8-os    1773 
—  Editha    1781    by   Herod. 

Merope, 
b.    m.,    1841 

voltaire    (sire   of   Charles   XII,    St.    Leger    1839    and   2    Goodwood    Cups)    by 
Blacklock  —  Variella's   dam,   by    Phantom    (got    2    winners   of   the    2000   gs) 
—  Daughter   of    Overton. 

Velocipede's   dam    1817   by  Juniper    1805,    son   of   Whiskey    1789  —  Virgin   by 
Sir    Peter    1784  —  Daughter    of    Sorcerer  —  Virgin   by    Sir    Peter. 

(25) 
Y.     Mel- 
bourne, 
br.    h.,    1855 

Melbourne   br.    h.    1834    (sire   of    Blink   Bonny,    Sir  Tatton    Sykes   and   West 
Australian)    by    Humphrey    Clinker    1822  —  Morpeths    dam    1825    by    Cer- 
vantes —  Golumpus   mare. 
Clarissa   by    Pantaloon    (got    Ghuznee,    Oaks   of    1841    and    Hernandez,    2000 
gs    1851  —  Daughter   1837    of   Glencoe  —  Frolicsome  by   Frolic,    son   of   Had- 
ley,    brother    to    Wanderer. 

Daughter   of 

Retriever    (or    Lanercost,    the    former    given)    by    Recovery    (he   by    Emilius, 
Derby    1823)    Taglioni    by    Whisker,    Retriever    won    the    Doncaster    Cup 
of    1832. 

Physalis    by    Bay    Middleton    (Derby    1836)  —  Balline    by     Whalebone  —  Vale 
Royal   by    Sorcerer  —  Orange   by   Whiskey  —  Orange    Bud   by    Highflyer. 

(22) 

Gladiator, 
ch.   h.,    1833 

Partisan  b.  h.   1811    (sire  of  Mameluke,  Derby  1827  and  Cyprian  Oaks  1836) 
by    Walton     1799  —  Parasol    (dam    of    Pastille,    Oaks    1822)    by    Pot-8-os  — 
Prunella   (dam  of  Waxy  Pope). 
Pauline  by  Moses    (Derby   1822)    he  by   Seymour  or  Whalebone*,   the  latter 
given)  —  Quadrille    (2nd    dam    of    Catherine    Hayes,    Oaks    1853)  —  Canary 
Bird   bv    Sorcerer. 

Beverlac's 
dam, 
b.    m.,     1839 

Plenipotentiary    (ch.    1831    and  winner  of  the   Derby   1834)    by   Emilius  Har- 
riet (2nd  dam  of  Planet-  —  Hesperus)  by  Pericles  —  Selim  mare  —  Pipylina  by 
Sir    Peter. 
Myrrha,    b.    m.     1830    by    Whalebone     1807—  Gift    gr.    m.     1818    by    Young 
Gohanna     1810  —  Sister    to    Grazier     1802    by    Sir    Peter     (Derby     1787)  — 
Sister   to    Ainator  by   Trumpator    1782 

228  The  American   Thoroughbred 


MA  X  N  1C 

Winner   of   the    Western    Produce   Stakes    at    Oakland    and    the    Stallion    Stakes    at' 

Sacramento. 

This  is  a  bay  horse  bred  by  his  owners  in  igoo,  from  Pic  Nic,  by  Mr.  Pickwick, 
(son  of  Hermit  and  Tomato  by  King  Tom,  and  imported  from  England  by  Charles 
Reed,  of  Gallatin,  Tenn.,)  who  was  the  sire  of  that  great  colt,  Dobbins.  Pic  Nic  was 
brought  to  California  by  the  late  L.  U.  Shippee,  of  .Stockton ;  and  had  already  pro- 
duced that  good  filly  Recreation.  Pic  Nic  was  bred  to  Altamax  in  1899,  with  Max- 
nic  as  the  result.  He  started  ten  times  at  two  years  old,  winning  twice,  and  four  times 
second.  When  beaten,  it  was  in  the  hottest  of  company.  There  are  horses  credited 
with  a  dozen  races  that  never  beat  as  good  a  colt  as  Maxnic. 

Ran  second  to  Deutschland,  3^/2  furlongs  in  44  seconds,  with  six  others  behind  him 
to  whom  he  conceded  from  three  to  eight  pounds.  Won  the  Western  Produce  stakes; 
value  $5,700,  five  furlongs  in  i  :o2I/2  giving  weight  to  eight  others,  Sylvia  Talbott  sec- 
ond and  Vinctides  third,  Deutschland  being  sixth.  Unplaced  for  the  Tremont  stakes, 
at  Brooklyn.  •  Ran  second  to  Stamping  Ground  (conceding  her  12  pounds)  in  a  sweep- 
stake at  Saratoga,  Captain  Arnold  third  with  117,  and  nine  others  unplaced,  three  of 
them  carrying  less  than  100  pounds  to  Maxnic's  124.  .  Second  in  a  race  for  all  ages, 
won  by  Chuctanunda,  the  fastest  sprinter  in  America,  at  seven  furlongs,  run  in  i  -.2^/2 
with  nine  others  behind  him,  giving  18  pounds  to  Athelroy,  the  only  other  two-year- 
old  in  the  race,  who  finished  ninth.  In  his  next  three  efforts  he  finished  outside  the 
money,  being  overweighted.  At  Coney  Island  he  ran  second  to  The  Rival,  at  a 
mile  and  a  sixteenth,  giving  him  a  year's  weight,  in  i  147,  with  Carbuncle,  St.  Finnan 
lotente,  Swamplands  and  Operator  behind  him.  There  was  never  a  two-year-old  so 
completely  handicapped  out  of  a  race  as  was  Maxnic  in  this  one.  On  his  return  to 
California  Maxnic  won  the  Stallion  Stakes  at  Sacramento,  valued  at  $4,836,  beating 
St.  Winfred,  Gaviota,  Polonius,  The  Major,  Organdie  and  i^ervator,  six  furlongs  in 
i  :i6.  His  total  winnings  were  $10,480. 

Maxnic  is  as  yet  untried  as  a  sire.  He  comes  from  great  performing  families  on 
either  side,  and  great  hopes  of  his  progeny  are  entertained  by  his  owners.  He  has 
plenty  of  bone  and  substance,  and  is  a  most  decidedly  masculine  horse  in  appearance. 
His  grandsire,  Maxim,  was  certainly  as  good  a  Musket  horse  as  ever  left  Australia ; 
and  the  breeding  of  his  dam  will  bear  a  very  close  and  rigid  scrutiny. 

Maxnic  is  from  the  No.  3  family  in  Bruce  Lowe's  system,  whence  come  such  great 
ones  as  Sir  Peter,  'i  ramp,  Stockwell,  Rataplan,  King  Tom,  Flying  Dutchman,  Laner- 
cost,  Toxophilite,  Musket,  Galopin  and  Velocipede,  all  sires  of  classical  winners  in  Eng- 
land ;  and  also  such  great  winners,  less  known  as  sires,  as  Mameluke,  Spaniel,  Lapdog, 
Kettledrum,  Isinglass,  Favonius,  Van  Tromp,  General  Peel  and  Moslem.  This  is  by 
long  odds  the  best  of  all  the  sire  families.  From  it  have  come,  since  1780,  no  less 
than  15  winners  of  the  Derby,  14  of  the  Oaks,  13  each  of  the  St.  Leger  and  One 
Thousand  Guineas;  and  10  of  the  Two  Thousand  Guineas,  two  of  which  (Stockwell 
and  Isinglass)  won  the  St.  Leger. 


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Toxophilite 
b.     h.,     1855 

i.ongbow,    b.    h.    1849,   by    ithuriel  —  Miss   Howe   by   Catton,    sire   of   Tarrare, 
St.    Leger    1826  —  Tranby's    (imported   into   America)    dam   by    Orville,    St. 
Leger    1802. 
Legerdemain    by    Pantaloon    (sire    of    i    Oaks    and    i    St.    Leger    winner)  — 
Decoy    (dam   of    Flatcatcher   and    Phryne)    by    Filho   da   Puta  —  Finesse   by 
Peruvian  —  Violante. 

Daughter    of 
b.    m.,     1857 

\\  est    Australian    by    Melbourne  —  Mowerina    (sister    to    Cotherstone,    Derby 
and    2000    guineas    1843)    by    Touchstone  —  Emma    (dam    of    Mundig    and 
Trustee)    by   Whisker. 
Brown    Bess    by    Camel     (sire    of    Touchstone    and    Launcelot)  —  Brutandorf 
mare  —  Daughter  of   Welbeck    (brother  to   Tiresias,    Derby    1819)  —  Tramp's 
dam  by   Gohanna. 

d9) 

Vespasian, 
b.     h.,     1863 

Aewminster    b.    h.     1848    by    Touchstone    (St.    Leger    and    2    Ascot    Cups)  — 
Beeswing    (4    Doncaster    Cups)    by    Dr.    Syntax  —  Tomboy's    (sire    of    Nut- 
with)   dam  by  Ardrossan. 
Vesta   by    Stockwell    (sire   of   4   winners   of  the    2000   guineas)  —  Garland   by 
Langar  —  Cast  Steel  by   Whisker.      (This  is  the  family  of   Exile,   Brooklyn 
Handicap   1889. 

Hopeful 
Duchess, 
b.    m.,     1859 

i-  lying   Dutchman    (Derby  and   St.   Leger  and  brother  to   Vanderdecken)    by 
Bay    Middleton  —  Barbelle   by    Sandbeck,    son    of    Catton  —  Darioletta    (dam 
of  Galaor)   by  Amadis. 
Espoir  by  Liverpool   (sire  of  Lanercost  and  Idas,  2000  guineas)  —  Esperance 
by    Lapdog,    son   of    Whalebone    and    Derby    winner    in    1827. 

(0 
Eclipse, 
imp.     b.     h., 
1855 

Orlando    (Derby    1844)    by    Touchstone  —  Vulture    by    Langar    (sire    of    Elis 
and    Epirus)  —  Kite    (3rd    dam    of    Beadsman,    Derby    1858)  —  Olympia    by 
Sir    Oliver. 
Gaze  by   Bay  Middleton    (Derby    1836  and  sire'  of   i    St.    Leger  and   2   Derby 
winners)  —  Flycatcher    by    Godolphin    (Partisan)  —  Sister    to    Cobweb    (dam 
of   Princess,    Oaks    1844)    by    Phantom. 

Maud,    imp., 
b.    m.,     1859 

Stockwell     (sire    of     Blair    Athol,     winner    of    Derby    and     St.     Leger    and 
premier    sire    of    England    for    four    seasons)    by    The    Baron  —  Pocahontas 
by    Glencoe  —  Marpessa    1830   by   Muley. 
Countess   of   Albemarle    by   Lanercost  '  (Ascot   and    Newcastle    Cups   of    1841 
and    sire    of    i    St.    Leger    and    i    Oaks    winner)  —  Sister    to    Hornsea    by 
Velocipede,    son    of    Blacklock. 

(4) 

Kentucky, 
b.     h.,     1861 

Uexington    (ran    four    miles    in    7:19%    with    104    Ibs.    and    7:233-4    a    week 
later)    by    Boston  —  Alice   Carneal  by   imp.    Sarpedon  —  Rowena  by   Sumpter 
—  Lady   Grey,    4th    dam   of   Vandal. 
Magnolia    (J|M.  dam  of   Iroquois,   Derby  and   St.   Leger  of   1881    and   premier 
sire   of  America   in    1892)    by   Glencoe  —  imp.    Myrtle  by   Mameluke,   Derby 
winner   of    1827. 

Bernice, 
imp. 

Stockwell    (got    3    winners    of    the    Derby,    4    of    the    Two    Thousand    and    6 
of  the  St.  Leger)   by  The  Baron    (sire   of   Rataplan  who  won  42  races  out 
of   71  —  Pocahontas   by   Glencoe. 
1'raxey  by  Moss  Trooper    (son   of   Liverpool)  —  Queen   Mary,    (dam  of   Blink 
Bonny    and    Bonnie     Scotland)     by    Gladiator  —  Beverlac's    dam     1839,    by 
Plenipotentiary. 

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(8) 

Newminster, 
b.     h.,     1848 

i  ouchstone,    br.    h.    1831,   by   Camel    (sire  of   2   St.    Leger  winners   and   3  of 
the   Ascot   Cup  —  Banter    (2nd   dam   of   Macaroni,    Derby    1863)    by   Master 
Henry  —  Boadicea   by   Alexander, 
'ieeswing    b.    m.     1833     (dam    of    Nunnykirk,    2000    guineas    1849)    by    Dr. 
Syntax   (winner  of  4  Preston  Cups)  —  Tomboy's  dam   by  Ardrossan  —  Lady 
Eliza  by  Whitworth. 

Seclusion, 
b.    m.,     1857 

i  admor    (2nd   in    Derby    1849)    by   Ion    (2nd    in   both    Derby   and    St.    Leger 
1838)  —  Palmyra    by    Sultan    (sire    of    Glencoe)  —  Hester    by    Camel  —  -Mon- 
imia  by   Muley,    1810. 
Miss    Sellon    by    Cowl     (Bay    Middleton  —  Crucifix)  —  Belle     Dame    by     Bel- 
shazzar    (imported   to   U.    S.    A.)  —  E'len   by    Starch  —  Cuirass   by   Oiseau  —  - 
Castanea   by   Gohanna. 

(3) 

King     Tom, 
b.     h.,     1851 

rtarkaway  ch.   h.    1834    (winner   of   the   Goodwood   Cups   of    1838   and    1839) 
by   Economist    1825  —  Fanny  Dawson   1823  by  Nabocklish  —  Miss  Tooley   by 
Teddy  the   Grinder    1798. 
Pocahontas    b.    m.    1837    (2nd    dam    of    Rayon    d'Or,    St.    Leger    1879)    by 
Glencoe  —  Marpessa,    by  Muley    (sire   of   Margrave,    St.    Leger    1832)    Clare 
by   Marmion-  —  Harpalice. 

Mincemeat, 
b.     m.,     1851 

Sweetmeat,   br.   h.   by   Gladiator    (best  horse   ever   sent  to   France)  —  Lollypop 
(Sth  dam  of  Glenheim  and  Plaudit)  by  Starch  —  Belinda  by  Blacklock. 
Hybla    (dam   of   Kettledrum,   Derby  and   Doncaster   Cup    1861)    by   The   Pro- 
vost —  Otisina   (sister  to  Lanercost)   by  Liverpool   1829  —  Otis  by  Bustard  —  - 
Daughter   of    Election    1803. 

(3) 

Stockwell, 
ch.    h.,    1849 

i'he  Baron  ch.  h.    1842,   (Cesarewitch  and  St.   Leger   1835)   by  Birdcatcher  — 
Echidna    by    Economist  —  Miss    Pratt    by     Blacklock     1814,     Gadabout    by 
Orville    (St.   Leger.  1802). 
Pocahontas  (2nd  dam  of  Nuneham,  whose  fee  was  $250  in  1882)  by  Glencoe, 
1831  —  Marpessa  by  Muley   1810  —  Clare  by  Marmion   1806  —  Harpalice   1814 
by  Gohanna. 

Daughter    of 

Ked  Hart  by  Venison   (3rd  in  the  Derby  1836)  —  Soldier's   Daughter  by  The 
Colonel    (St.    Leger    1828)  —  Oscar    Mare  —  Camarine's    (Ascot    Cup    1831) 
dam   by    Rubens    i8o'4- 
(•arrick's    dam    by    Velocipede    (sire    of    Queen    of    Trumps,    Oaks    and    St. 
Leger  of    1835)  —  Daughter   of  Comus    (sire  of  2   at.   Leger   winners,    1817 
and   1827)    he  by   Sorcerer. 

King 
Caradoc 

Prince    Caradoc    by    The    Colonel    (dead    heat    for    Derby    1828)  —  Queen    of 
Trumps    by     Velocipede     1825  —  Princess     Royal    by     Castrel,     brother    to 
Selim   and   Rubens. 
Miss   Julia   Bennett   by   Muley   Moloch    (sire   of   the   great   Alice   Hawthorn) 
—  Patty  by  Camel    1822  or  Laurel   1824    (Laurel's  pedigree  is  accepted). 

Miss    Bower 

Record   by    Emilius    (Derby   winner    1823    and    sire   of    2    Derby   winners)  — 
Fatima  by  Selim   (sire   of   i    Derby  winner  and  2  of  the  Oaks  —  Bacchante 
by    Ditto    (Derby    1803). 
Daughter    of    Righton    (by    Palmerin)  —  Selina    by    Fitz    Teazle  —  Rally    by 
Hyacinthus  —  Daughter    of    Overton  —  Katherine    by    Highflyer  —  Sincerity. 

2JO  The  American   'Thoroughbred 


COLONEL     WHEELER 

Winner  of  the  Golden  Gate  Stakes  and  other  races.     Property  of  Burns  &  Watcrhouse. 

Chestnut  horse,  foaled  1894,  bred  at  the  Rancho  del  Paso,  Sacramento,  Cal.  Now 
owned  by  Burns  &  Waterhouse,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

This  horse  is  by  imported  Midlothian,  son  of  Strathconan,  one  of  the  best  sons 
of  Newminster,  out  of  Agnes  by  Onondaga  (son  of  imported  Leamington  and  brother 
to  Sensation,  never  beaten  in  ten  races)  from  Skylight  by  Jack  Malone,  from  Vesper- 
light  (dam  of  the  great  Vandalite,  best  three-year-old  of  1868)  by  Childe  Harold. 
But  few  of  Colonel  Wheeler's  get  have  yet  made  their  appearance,  his  best  being  that 
frequent  winner,  Cascine.  He  campaigned  creditably  for  three  seasons  and  was  never 
beaten  but  once  at  even  weights. 

At  two  years  old  he  was  unplaced  in  his  first  race.  Won  at  five  furlongs  in  i  :02, 
beating  Banquo  and  Fortunate,  with  four  others  unplaced,  carrying  the  top  weight. 
Unplaced  in  his  next  race.  Third  to  Searcher  and  Horse  Shoe  Tobacco,  with  five 
others  behind  him,  carrying  top  weight,  five  furlongs  in  i  :o6  on  a  bad  track.  Won 
at  six  furlongs  (St.  Louis),  beating  horses  of  all  ages,  Gladys  II.  second  and  Travis 
third,  with  seven  others  unplaced.  Time,  1:15^2.  Wron  at  six  furlongs  in  1:16,  by 
three  lengths,  with  top  weight,  Forsythe  second  and  Oman  Wood  third,  three  others 
unplaced.  Won  at  five  and  a  half  furlongs,  giving  weight  to  everything  else,  in  i  :og, 
Russella  second,  Forsythe  third,  and  three  others  unplaced.  Ran  third  to  Gath  and 
Garland  Barr,  six  furlongs  in  I  :i4^4-  Unplaced  to  White  Frost,  Indio  and  Nina 
Louise,  carrying  top  weight,  five  furlongs  in  i  103^4.  This  closed  his  two-year-old 
racing.  White  Frost  won  over  $26,000  in  that  season  and  sold  for  $8,000  when  broken 
down. 

At  three  years  he  won  at  a  mile  against  older  horses  in  I  146^2,  Stentor  second, 
Ivy  third  and  three  others  unplaced.  Won  at  six  furlongs,  beating  Mrs.  Shade  and 
Roselle,  with  eight  others  unplaced.  Time,  i  :2i,  in  deep  mud.  Second  to  Rey  del 
Tierra,  giving  him  four  pounds,  four  others  unplaced,  in  1 143  for  a  mile.  Beaten  a 
nose  by  Good  Times,  Claudiana  third  and  four  others  unplaced,  one  mile  in  i  :42^2, 
carrying  117  pounds,  giving  weight  to  five  others.  Won  at  six  furlongs  in  i  :i4,  beat- 
ing Peixotto  and  Zamar,  five  others  unplaced.  Third  to  Satsuma  and  Torsina,  with 
Buckwa  and  Argentina  unplaced,  one  mile  in  i  :42.  Won  at  one  mile  and  a  sixteenth, 
beating  Yankee  Doodle,  Ransom,  Logan  and  Miss  Ruth,  ini  :48^.  Won  at  seven 
furlongs,  112  pounds,  giving  weight  to  seven  others,  Lena  second  and  Adam  Andrew 
third,  in  i  :2Qi/2.  Ran  second  to  Shasta  Water,  his  stable  companion,  in  the  Naglee 
Selling  Stakes,  seven  furlongs,  in  i  :2g^4,  giving  five  pounds  to  the  winner.  Double 
Quick  third  and  Zamar  and  Bellicoso  unplaced. 

At  four  years  he  won  the  Golden  Gate  Stakes,  with  107,  beating  Satsuma,  six 
years,  117  pounds;  Dr.  Sharp,  three  years,  99  pounds,  with  Fleur  de  Lis,  St.  Callatine 
and  Shasta  Water  unplaced,  at  seven  furlongs,  in  i  :27^4>,  on  a  moderately  good  track. 
Ran  second  to  Satsuma  in  the  McLaughlin  Selling  Stakes,  one  and  one-sixteenth  miles, 
with  104  pounds,  in  i  '.48^4,  on  a  fair  track,  conceding  a  year's  weight  to  Garland  Barr, 
King  William  and  Tom  Cromwell  and  three  years'  weight  to  Buckwa.  Ran  third  to 
Koko  and  Scarborough  at  seven  and  a  half  furlongs,  conceding  weight  to  all  but  the 
latter,  and  a  year  to  the  winner,  in  1 137,  with  Manzanilla,  St.  Phillip,  Tenrica  and  Tom 
Anderson  behind  him.  This  closed  his  racing  career. 

Agnes  was  full  sister  to  Oregon,  the  fastest  horse  in  America  in  1890  at  five  fur- 
longs. Mated  with  Kyrle  Daly,  she  produced  Agnes  Flash,  dam  of  Roehampton,  win- 
ner of  14  races  and  second  to  the  great  Waterboy  in  the  Brighton  Handicap  of  1903. 
Agnes  won  the  Flash  Stakes  at  Saratoga  and  was  second  for  the  Independence  Stakes 
at  St.  Louis,  giving  the  winner  seven  pounds.  She  produced  Maid  of  Honor,  a  winner 
for  three  seasons,  and  Lake  Placid,  a  good  winner  in  England.  This  is  the  No.  18 
family  whence  came  the  great  stallion  Waxy. 


BRED  BY  MR.  J.  B.  HAGGIN,  RANCHO  DEL  PASO,  CAL. 

.  MIDLOTHIAN',  IMP.  B.  H.,  1874.  (19)  > 

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IMaud,  Windhound,  (3)  Souvenir,  Newminster,  8) 
ch.  m.,  1854  br.  h.,  1847  gr.  m.,  1857  br.  h.,  1848 

(14) 

Touchstone, 
br.    h.,    1831 

Camel^   br.    h.    1822,   sire   of   2    St.    Leger   winners,   by    Whalebone  —  daughter 
of  Selim    (sth  dam  of  Hindoo  and   6th  of   Firenze  —  Maiden  by   Sir  Peter. 

Banter   by    Master    Henry    (Orville  —  Mameluke's    dam)    Boadicea    (sth    dam 
of    imported    Darebin)    by    Alexander  —  Brunette,    by    Amaranthus. 

Beeswing, 
b.    m.,    1833 

Doctor   Syntax   br.    h.     1811     (won    the    Preston    Cup    4    times)    by    Paynator 
(Son    of    Conductor)  —  Daughter    of    Beningbrough     (St.     Leger     1794)  — 
Jenny    Mole. 

Tomboy's    (Doncaster    Cup    1834)    by    Ardrossan,    son    of   John    Bull  —  Lady 
Eliza   by   Whitworth,    son    of    Agonistes  —  Daughter    of    Spadille. 

^  (23)    , 

ChanticleerV 
gr.    h.,    1843 

fl                                      I                                         i.*            —  V 

Birdcatcherj.ch.    h.    1833    by    Sir   Hercules  —  Guiccioli   by    Bob    Booty  —  Flight 

Whim   gr.    m.    1832,   by  (Irish)  Drone  —  Kiss  by   Waxy    Pope    (Derby    1809)  —      6 
Daughter  of  Champion*1^l5.   h.    1797   (by   Pot-8-os)  —  Brown    Fanny.                   * 

Birthday, 
b.    m.,     1850 

Assault    by    Touchstonef    A  —  Ghuznee,    Oaks    1841    by    Pantaloon  —  Languish 
by    Cain    1822    (Paulowitz)  —  Lydia    by    Poulton    (Brother    to    Sir    Oliver). 

D 

Nitocris   (Sister  to  Memnon,   St.   Leger   1825)   by  Whisker*  —  Manuella,  Oaks 
1813,  by  Dick  Andrews  —  Mandane    (Dam  of  Lottery)   by  Pot-8-os. 

(17) 

Pantaloon, 
ch.    h.,    1824 

Castrel,  ch.   h.    1801   by   Buzzard   1772  —  The  Alexander  mare,   dam  of  Selim,     g 
Rubens    and    Bronze,    Oaks    1806. 
| 
Idalia   ch.    m.    1815    by    Peruvian  —  Musidora    (sister    to    Meteora,    Oaks    win-        , 
ner    in    1805)    by    Meteor,    son    of    Eclipse  —  Maid    of    all    Work    by    Higlr- 
flyer. 

Phryne, 
b.    m.,     1840 

*i 
Touchstone    br.    h.     1831,    by    Camel  —  Banter    (2nd    dam    of    Satirist    t)    by      * 
Master   Henry  —  Boadicea    (sth   dam   of   Leamington)  —  Brunette. 

Decoy   by   Filho   da   Putat   D    (sire  of    Birmingham,   who   defeated   Priam   in       / 
the   St.   Leger   1830)  —  Finesse   by   Peruvian,   son   of   Sir  Peter.                              * 

(4) 
Loup 
Garou, 
br.    h.,    1846 

Lanercost,   br.   h.    1836    (3rd   in   St.    Leger  and  sire  of   Van   Trompt  G)  —  by     „ 
Liverpool   (son  of  Tramp)   Otis   (3rd  dam  of  Kettledrum*   D)  —  Gayhurst's 
dam    by    Election.                                                                                                                       . 
Moonbeam   (3rd  dam  of  Kisber,  Wenlock  and  Apology)   by   Tomboy   (above)       ' 
out   of    Lunatic    1818    by    Prime    Minister    (son    of    Sanchot1!  —  Maniac    by 
Shuttle. 

Venilia, 
b.    m.,     1834 

Velocipede    ch.     h.     1825    by     Blacklock     1814  —  Daughter    of     (4th    dam    of 
Galopin*  and  imp.   Eothen)   by  Juniper   1805  —  Virgin   1801  by  Sil    Peter  — 
Pot-8-os  mare. 
Charity  by  Tramp,  D    (sire  of  Dangerous*  and  St.   Giles*  and  also  of  Bare- 
foott.      (For    extension    see    pedigree    of    Lowlander.  ) 

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(I41) 
Faugh  a 
Ballagh, 
br.    h.,    1841 

Sir   Hercules   br.   h.    1826    (3rd  in    St.    Leger    1829)   by   Whalebone  —  Peri   by 
Wanderer     (brother     to     Hedley     and     Golumpus)  —  Thalestris     (dam     of 
Egremont)    by    Alexander  —  Rival    by    Sir    Peter. 
Guiccioli  ch.   m.    1823   by   Bob   Booty    1804    (son   of   Commodore)  —  Flight  by 
Escape   (bro.   to   Rugantino)  —  Young  Heroine  by  Bagot    (Herod.) 

Daughter  of 
br.  m.,   1841 

Pantaloon    (ch.   h.    1824,   by   Castrel    (brother   to    Selim   and   Rubens)  —  Idalia 
(3rd  dam  of  Regalia,   Oaks   1865)    by   Peruvian  —  Musidora   by   Meteor,    he 
by   Eclipse. 
Daphne,   br.   m.    1837  by  Laurel    (3rd  in   St.   Leger   and  won   Doncaster  Cup 
1828)    son    of    Blacklock  —  Maid    of    Honor,    (3rd    dam    of    Panic,    in    Aus- 
tralia)   by   Champion  —  Etiquette   by   Orvillet. 

(12) 

Lexington, 
b.     h.,     1850 

Boston    (got    ten    horses    with    four-mile    records    below    7:40)    ch.    h.     1834 
by   Timoleon    1813-  —  sister  to   Tuckahoe    (dam   of   Robin   Brown)    by   Ball's 
Florizel    (unbeaten)  —  Alderman    mare. 
Alice  Carneal,  dam  of  Annette  by  imp.   Scythian,  son  of  Orlando.     Annette 
produced   Lady   Mostyn  by   Lord   Clifden   and  she  is  the  dam   of   Mostyn, 
a  great   Australian   horse. 

Sally 
Lewis, 
ch.  m.,   1852 

Glencoe  ch.   h.    1831   by   Sultan    1816   (2nd  to  Tiresias  in  the   Derby   1819)  —  • 
Trampoline    1825   by   Tramp    D  —  Web    (dam   of   Middleton*)    by   Waxy*— 
Penelope    (dam   of   Whalebone*)    by   Trumpator. 
Motto,   ch.   m.    1839  by  im.    Barefoot    (St.    Leger   1823)  —  Lady   Tompkins  by- 
American    Eclipse  —  Katy    Ann     1825    by    Ogles    Oscar  —  Medoc's    dam    by 
imp.    Expedition. 

(12) 

Lexington, 
b.     h.,     1850 

Boston    (won  40  races  out  of  45,   of  which   20   were  at  heats  of   four  miles) 
by    Timoleon  —  Sister    to   Tuckahoe   by    Ball's    Florizel  —  Daughter   of    Imp. 
Alderman  —  Clockfast   mare. 
Alice   Carneal    (dam   of   Umpire,   who   won    18   races   on  the   English   tracks) 
by   Sarpedon    (2nd   in    the   Goodwood    Cup    1831)  —  Rowena   by    Sumpter-- 
Lady  Grey  by  Robin  Grey  —  Maria. 

Gloriana, 
ch.  m.,   1840 

Eclipse  ch.   h.    1814  by   Duroc    (son  of   Diomed*)  —  Miller's   Damsel   by   imp. 
Messenger  —  imported  mare  by  Pot-8-os  (sire  of  Waxy*  and  Champion*t 

Trifle   (won  the  3rd  heat  of  the  20  mile  race  on  Long  Island^  won  by  Black 
Maria)    by    Sir    Charles    (Sir    Archy)  —  Daughter    of    Cicero. 

(x) 
Childe 
Harold, 
b.     h.,     1842 

Sovereign,    imp.    b.    h.    1834    (never    was    trained)    by    Emilius*    (sire    of    2 
Derby   winners)  —  Fleur   de   Lis    (winner  of   i    Doncaster  and   2   Goodwood 
Cups)   by   Bourbon  —  Lady   Rachel. 
Maria   West    (dam   of  Wagner,   winner    of   the   great   $20,000   Post   Stake   at 
Louisville  in   1839)   by  Marion   (Sir  Archy)  —  Ella  Crump  by  imp.  Citizen, 
son  of  Pacolet. 

Budelight, 
ch.  m.,  1841 

Glencoe  ch.   h.   1831,  by  Sultan   (2nd  in  Derby   1819)  —  Trampoline  by  Tramp 
—  Web    dam    of    Middleton,    Derby    1875  —  Web    by    Waxy  —  Penelope    by 
Trumpator  —  Prunella. 
Gaslight  ch.   m.   1835  by  imp.   Leviathan   (son  of  Muley)  —  Pigeon  by  Pacolet 
1806  —  imp.    Miss    Shipton   by   Waxy  —  Mother    Shipton    by    Anvil  —  Jemima. 

•**! 

6 


11 
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232  The  American   Thoroughbred 


IMPORTED     HAWKSWICK 

Never  Started,  Sire  of  that  Good  Winner,  Divorce  Court,  Sold  for  £6000,  Property  of 
Henry  T.  Oxnard,  Oxnard,  Cal. 

HAWKSWICK,  imported,  is  full  brother  to  Childwick,  who  defeated  the  great  Ornie  m 
1893  for  the  Limekiln  stakes,  (run  over  the  Rowley  mile,  i  mile  and  II  yards,)  at 
New  Market,  by  three  parts  of  a  length.  He  is  by  the  unbeaten  St.  Simon,  the  only 
stallion  in  English  history  to  head  the  winning  sires'  list  for  nine  seasons,  in  one  of 
which  1901,  he  did  not  have  a  single  classic  winner  to  his  credit.  In  that  year  his  son 
Florizel  II,  was  second,  being  the  sire  of  Volodyovski,  who  won  the  Derby;  and  of 
Doricles,  who  won  the  St.  Leger  with  the  Derby  winner  second.  In  addition  to  this 
two  sons  of  St.  Simon  have  headed  the  list,  Persimmon  in  1902,  and  St.  Frusquin  in 
1903.  Plaisanterie  (dam  of  Childwick  and  Hawkswick),  was  bred  in  France,  and  her 
breeding  is  given  on  another  page.  She  won  several  good  races  on  her  native  soil,  and 
at  three  years  old  was  shipped  over  to  England,  where  she  won  the  Cesarewitch 
Handicap  (2,T4  miles)  from  Xenia  and  Postscript,  with  nineteen  others  unplaced,  car- 
rying 106  pounds,  giving  six  pounds  to  the  second  horse,  and  twenty-two  pounds  to  the 
third  horse.  Two  weeks  later  Plaisanterie  won  the  Cambridgeshire  Handicap  with  122 
pounds,  a  crushing  weight  for  a  three-year-old.  La  Fleche  won  the  same  race  with 
the  same  weight,  in  1892,  but  did  not  defeat  as  large  a  field  of  horses.  She  was  bv  St. 
Simon  also  and  was  probably  his  best  daughter,  having  previously  won  the  One  Thou- 
sand Guineas,  The  Oaks  and  St.  Leger,  beating  Sir  Hugo  (Derby  winner  of  that 
year  and  Watercress,  now  owned  in  California,  with  eight  others  unplaced. 

Poetess,  second  dam  of  Childwick  and  Hawkswick,  was  by  the  great  French  horse 
Trocadero,  son  of  Monarque.  Trocadero  won  too  many  races  to  be  recapitulated  here, 
his  best  performance  being  in  the  Alexandra  Plate,  (three  miles  at  Ascot,  in  which 
he  carried  the  enormous  weight  of  144  pounds.  This  stamps  Trocadero  as  the  best 
horse  of  that  era,  both  as  a  distance  goer  and  a  weight  carrier,  no  other  horse  having 
ever  carried  within  twelve  pounds  of  that  weight.  Hawkswick's  third  dam  was  Do- 
rette,  by  the  Ranger,  the  first  horse  to  win  the  Grand  Prix  de  Paris.  He  was  full 
brother  to  Skirmisher,  who  won  the  gold  cup  at  Ascot  in  1858.  The  Gardham  mare 
which  produced  The  Ranger,  was  the  second  dam  of  Cremorne,  who  won  the  Derby 
and  Grand  Prix  de  Paris  at  three  years  old,  and  the  Ascot  cup  and  Alexandra  Plate 
at  four.  Blood  could  not  be  purer,  richer  or  better. 

Hawkswick  comes  from  the  No.  21  family,  from  which  came  Hyppolita,  Iris  and 
Lonely,  winners  of  the  Oaks;  and  Charles  XII,  who  won  the  St.  Leger  and  two  Good- 
wood Cups.  The  sires  from  this  family  are  Shuttle,  Sweetmeat  and  Longbow,  all  of 
whom  got  classic  winners  in  England.  In  America  we  find  Hastings,  Handsome, 
Tranby  and  others  of  less  note.  Boiardo,  one  of  the  best  stallions  ever  sent  to  Aus- 
tralia, was  also  of  this  family,  being  by  Orlando  out  of  Longbow's  dam;  and  another 
great  horse  from  this  family  was  Australian  Peer,  who  won  the  Victoria  Derby  and 
the  Sydney-Cup,  two  miles  in  3:31  with  118  Ibs.  up,  at  three  years  old. 


riMwrxo  w  iur\,  imr-.,  D.  n.,  i.  . 

BRED  IN  ENGLAND.  THE  PROPERTY  OF  HENRY  T.  OXNARD.  \ 

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Voltigeur,    2 
br.    h.,    1847 
(Derby    and 
St.    Leger, 
1850.) 

Voltaire    D.,    br.    h.    1826,    by    Blacklock    (1814)  —  Daughter    of    Phantom    D. 
1808,    (sire  of   i    Oaks  winner  and   2   each  of  the   Derby  and  Two   Thous- 
and guineas  —  Daughter  of  Overton  (sire  of  Cockfighterf)  by  King  Fergus. 
Martha  Lynn,  b.  m  .1837,  by  Mulatto  D.    (sire  of  Bloomsbury,  Derby   1839) 
he  by  Catton  —  Leda   (own  sister  to  Arachne,  dam  of  Industry,  Oaks   1838) 
by    Filho    da    Puta    D  —  Treasure    by    Camillus    (1803)    by    Hambletoniant. 

Mrs.     Ridge- 
way, 
ro.   m.,    1849 
(Dam     of 
King     Lud, 

Birdcatcher,  ch.  h.    1833,  by  Sir  Hercules   (sire  of  Coronation*  and  Corsair) 
—  Guiccioli    (dam   of   Faugh   a   Ballaght)    by   Bob   Booty  —  Flight   by   Irish 
Escape    (Commodore    1793)  —  Young   Heroine   by     Bagot    (1780)  —  Heroine. 
Nan  Darrell,  gr.   m.    1844  by  Inheritor   (1831)   son  of  Lottery  —  Nell,  gr.   m. 
1831   by  Blacklock  —  Madame  Vestris  by   Comus   (sire  of  Gray  Momus  A) 
—  Lisette   (1803)   by  Hambletonian   (1792)  —  Constantine   1796  by  Walnut. 

Fly'g  Dutch- 
man*tA,  (3) 
br.    h.,    1846 
(Sire   of   El- 
lington, 
Derby  1856) 

Bay  Middleton,  b.   h.,   1833   (unbeaten  and  sire  of   i   St.   Leger  and  2   Derby 
winners)  by  Sultan,  b.  h.   1816  —  Cobweb   (Oaks  1824)  by  Phantom*   (1808) 
—  Filagree   (dam  of  Riddlesworth)  by  Soothsayer  —  Web  sister  to  Whisker) 
Barbelle,'  b.   m.   1836   (dam  of  Van  Trompt  A.   G.  and  De  Ruyter)   by   Sand- 
beck    1818    (son   of   Catton)  —  Darioletta   by  Amadis    1807  —  Selima    1810  — 
Daughter  of   (1794)   Eclipse   1764  —  Editha   1781   by  Herod   1758. 

Merope, 
b.    m.,     1841 
(3d    dam    of 
imp. 
Eothen.) 

Voltaire  D.,  br.   h.    1826    (sire  of   Charles  XII,   St.    Leger   1839,   Goodwood 
Cups    1841-42    and    Doncaster    cup    1840)    by    Blocklock  —  Variella's    (im- 
ported to  America)  dam  of  Phantom*  —  Overton  mare  1788  —  Walnut  mare. 
Velocipede's  dam  b.   m.    1817    (he  was  one   of   Blacklock's  best  sons,   getting 
one   winner   each    of   the   five   classical    races)    by    Juniper    (1805,    sire    of 
Camarine  A)  —  Daughter   of   1810    Sorcerer  —  Virgin     1801     by     Sir    Peter. 

Harkaway, 
ch.    h.,    1834 
(Goodwood 
Cups     r838- 
39.)    W 

Economist,    b.    h.    1825    by    Whisker*    (1812,    got    3    winners    of    Champagne 
Stakes    at    Doncaster)  —  Floranthe    by    Octaviant  —  Caprice    1797    by    Anvil 
1777  —  Madcap    1774  by   Eclipse    1764  —  Sappho     1763   by   Blank. 
Fanny   Dawson,   ch.   m.    1823,   by   Nabocklish    1811    (Rugantino    1803)  —  Miss 
Tooley   1808  by  Teddy  the  Grinder  —  Lady  Jane   (sister  to  the  Oaks,  win- 
ner  Hermione)   by   Sir  Peter  —  Paulina  by   Florizel  —  Captive   by   Matchem. 

Pocahontas, 
b.    m.,    1837 
(Dam     of 
Stockwell, 
who     got     6 
St.    Leger 

Glencoe  ch.    h.    1831    (second  best   stallion   ever   imported   into   America)    by 
Sultan    (2nd    to    Tiresias    in    the    Derby    1819)  —  Trampoline    by    Tramp- 
Web   (sister  to  Whalebone  and  dam  of  Middleton*)   by  Waxy  —  Penelope. 
Marpessa,  b.   m.    1830    (dam   of  Jeremy   Diddler,   a  great  winner)    by   Muley 
(1810,     sire     of     Margravet     and     Little     Wonder*)  —  Clare     by     Marmion 
(Whiskey    1789  —  Harpalice  —  Amazon    (6th    dam   of    Isinglass)    by    Driver. 

Ion,    (4) 
.br.    h.,    1835 
(Sire   of 
Wild    Day- 
rell,    Derby 

Cain   br.   h.    1822,   by   Paulowitz    (sire   of   Archibald,    2000   gs.    1822)    son    of 
Sir    Paul     (Sir     Peter  —  Evelina)  —  Daughter     of     1810     Paynator  —  Delpini 
mare    1781  —  Young  Marske   mare    1795  —  Gentle    Kitty    1774  by    Silvio. 
Margaret   by   Edmund    1824  —  Medora    (Oaks   of    1814)    by    Selim  —  Daughter 
of    Sir    Harry*    (sent    to    America)  —  Daughter    1793    of    Volunteer    (sire) 
of  Spread  Eagle*)  by  Eclipse   1764  —  Daughter  1779  of  Herod   1758. 

1855-) 
Little   Fairy, 
ch.   m.,    1841 
(Half    sister 
to     Little 
Wonder*.) 

Hornsea    ch.    h.    1832,    by    Velocipede    1825,    he    by    Blacklock    1814  —  Jenny 
Mill's    dam    1820   by    Cerberus    1802  —  Miss    Cranfield    1803    by    Sir    Peter* 
1784  —  Daughter    1796    of    Pegasus    1784  —  Daughter    1783    of    Paymaster. 
Lacerta  b.  m.    1816   (dam  of  Little  Wonder*   and  the  Little  Known  who  got 
Scottish   Chief's   dam)    by   Zodiac    (1801)  —  Jerboa    (2nd   dam   of    Venison) 
by    Gohanna  —  Camilla    by    Trentham    (1766")    Coquette. 

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IDorette  Trocadero  (2)  Arancaria  Chattanooga,  ch.  h.,  '64  (3) 
(Alexandra  Plate)  (Dam  of  Chamant)  (A  great  2-year-old.) 

Orlando*  13 
b.    h.,     1841 
(Sire    of 
Teddington 
Derby  1851) 

Touchstone    br.    h.     1831     (sire    of    Newminstert    who    got    3    premier    sires) 
by   Camel  —  Banter    (2nd   dam  "of    Satirist*    and    Macaroni*    D)    by   Master 
Henry  —  Boadicea  (sth  dam  of  imported  Darebin)  by  Alexander  —  Brunette. 
Vulture   ch.    m.    1833    (winner    of    36    races    at    short    distances)    by    Langar 
1817  (sire  of  Elis  and  Felt  Ch.)  —  Kite  (3rd  dam  of    Beadsman*)  by    Bustard 
1813  son  of  Castrel  —  Olympia   (dam  of  Elis  and  Epirus)   by  Sir  Oliver  D. 

Ayacanora, 
b.    m.,     1854 
(Produced 
Talk    o'    the 
Hill,     Aus- 
tralia.) 

Birdcatcher   ch.    h.    1833    (sire   of    Knight   of    St.    George,    Warlock   and   The 
Baron,   winners  of  the   St.    Leger)    by   Sir  Hercules    (sire  of   2   Cesarwitch 
winners)—  Guiccioli    1823  by   Bob   Booty  —  Flight  by  Irish  Escape. 
Pocahjantas    b.    m.    1837    by    Glencoe    A    G  —  Marpessa    (dam    of    Idas,    2000 
guineas   1845)   by  Muley   1810  —  Clare  by  Marmion  —  Harpalice  by  Gohanna 
(1790   sire   of   2    Derby   winners)  —  Amazon    by    Driver,    son   of   Trentham. 

Ambrose, 
bl.    h.,    1849 
(Sire  of  Au- 
ricula,   dam 
of     Nune- 
ham.)      (16) 

Touchstonet    (sire   of   Ithuriel   who   got   Iris   Oaks   of    1851    and   her   brother 
Longbow)    by   Camel,   sire   of  that  great  broodmare   Hester,   dam   of   Chat- 
ham and  The  Nabob  —  Banter,  sth  dam  of  Grand  Flaueur,  Australia. 
Annette   b.    m.    183.5    (4th   dam    of   the   great   Ormonde   and    sth    dam   of    St. 
Gatien)    by   Priam*    G  —  Potentate's   dam   by   Don   Juan,   son   of   Orvillet  —  • 
Moll  in  the  Wad   1810  by  Hambletoniant  1792  —  Spitfire   1799  by  Pipator. 

Pocahontas, 
b.    m.,    1837. 
(Dam     of 
Rataplan, 
winner   of 
42   races  out 

Glencoe   ch.    h.    1831     (sire   of    Vandal,    Wild    Irishman,    Blonde,    Panic    and 
Congaree  in  America)    by   Sultan    1816  —  Trampoline   1825  by  Tramp   (sire 
of  Barefoott  and  St.   Giles*  imported  to  U.   S.  A.)  —  Web  by  Waxy. 
Marpessa     1830    by    Muley     1810     (sire    of    Vespa,     Oaks     1834)  —  Clare    by 
Marmion    (son    of    Whiskey    who    got    i    Derby    and    2    Oaks    winners)  — 
Harpalice  by  Gohanna   (only  horse  ever  beat  Waxy)  —  Amazon  by  Driver. 

Monarque, 
b.   h.  '52(19) 
(Goodwood 
Cup    1857   & 
sire    of    Gla- 
diateur*ttA) 

The   Baron,    Sting    or  the   Emperor    (Ascot   Cup    1845)    The    Emperor   being 
given,     he    by     Defence     (son     of    Whalebone)  —  Daughter    of     Reveller  —  • 
Design,  Sister  to  Dangerous,  Derby  1833  by  Tramp  —  Defiance  by  Rubens. 
Poetess  by  Royal  Oak   (Catton  —  Smolensko  mare)    Ada  by  Whisker*    1812  — 
Anna    Belle   by    Shuttle    (son    of    Young   Marske)  —  Daughter    of    Drone  —  • 
Contessina    (see   Isonomy)    by    Young    Marske. 

Antonia 

Epirus,   ch.    h.    1836    (sire   of   Pyrrhus   the   First*   and   premier  sire    of    Eng- 
land   in    1850)    by    Langar    1817  —  Olympia   by    Sir    Oliver    D  —  Scotilla    by 
Anvil  —  Scota   by   Eclipse  —  Harmony   by   Herod.                       I 
The  Ward  of  Cheap  by   Colwick  —  The  Maid   of  Burghley  by  Sultan   1816  — 
Palais  Royal  by  Blucher*   1809  —  Sister  to  Hospitality  by  Election*    1803  — 
The    dam    of    Selim   and    Rubens   by   Alexander. 

(2) 

The    Ranger 
br.   h.,    1858 

Voltigeur,   br.    h.    1847,   by    Voltaire    D    1826  —  Martha   Lynn   b.    m.    1837   by 
Mulatto   1823  —  Leda  by   Filho  da  Putat   1812  —  Treasure  by   Camillus   son 
of    Hambletoniant    1792  —  Daughter    of    1804    Hyacinthus. 
Skirmisher's   dam   b.    m.    1845    by    Gardham    1834    (Falcon    1822)  —  Daughter 
1837    of   Langar    1817  —  Sister   to   Busto    1816   by   Clinker  —  Bronze    (Oaks 
1806)    by   Buzzard  —  The   Alexander   mare. 

Mon     Etoile 

Fitz    Gladiator    by    Gladiator  —  Zarah    by    Reveller     (St.    Leger    of     1818)— 
daughter   of   Rubens  —  Brightonia   by   Gohanna  —  Nutmeg  by    Sir    Peter. 
Hervine   by  Mr.   Waggs    (son  of   Langar)^Poetess    (dam   of   Monarque   G. 
Newmarket  Handicap   1837  and  sire  of  Gladiateur*t  A)   by  Royal  Oak  — 
Ada   by    Whisker  —  Anna    Bella    by    Shuttle. 

'The  American   Thoroughbred 
A  L  T  A  M  A  X 

IV inner    of    the    University    Stakes    and    other   good    races.       Property    of    Burns    & 

Waterhousc. 

ALTAMAX  is  a  bay  horse  bred  in  the  Rancho  del  Paso  Stud  in  1894  and  sold  as 
a  yearling  to  Messrs.  Burns  &  Waterhouse  of  San  Francisco.  He  was  one  of  the 
best  three-year-olds  in  California  and.  at  eight  years  old,  had  to  his  credit  some  of 
the  best  two-year-olds  ever  foaled  west  of  the  Rockies.  The  following  statement 
shows  him  to  have  been  a  very  consistent  performer  under  adverse  circumstances,  as 
many  of  his  races  were  run  over  heavy  tracks. 

Altamax  is  considered,  by  good  judges,  to  be  the  best  son  of  imported  Maxim  in 
all  America,  as  well  as  the  best  male-line  descendant  of  the  great  Musket  who  won 
the  rich  Ascot  Stakes,  two  miles;  and  the  Alexandra  Plate,  three  miles  with  132 
pounds  up,  before  his  exportation  to  the  antipodes.  The  fastest  two  miles  ever  run  in 
the  world  with  anything  over  no  pounds  were  made  by  Carbine,  a  son  of  Musket,  in 
the  Melbourne  Cup  of  1850,  in  3:28^,  with  the  crushing  weight-of  145  pounds  at  five 
years  old.  No  other  horse  has  equalled  it  with  any  such  weight.  Trenton,  another 
son  of  Musket,  was  twice  placed  for  the  same  event  in  fields  of  twenty-six  horses. 
Martini  Henry,  another  son  of  Musket,  won  the  Derby  and  Melbourne  Cup  of  188.',. 
covering  the  two  miles  in  3:30,  then  the  world's  record  for  that  distance.  Match- 
lock, another  son  of  Musket,  won  both  St.  Legers,  while  his  stable  companion,  Nor- 
denfelt,  also  by  Musket,  won  both  Derbys  in  that  year.  Altamax  is  of  the  No.  10 
family  of  the  Bruce  Lowe  system,  to  which  trace  Bonnie  Scotland,  Blink  Bonny,  Tor- 
mentor (winner  of  the  Oaks)  Deceiver,  Tristan,  Caller  Ou  (St.  Leger  and  two  Nor- 
thumberland Plates)  imported  Siddartha,  Breadalbane,  Blinkhoolie  and  Broomielaw. 

Altamax  started  but  three  times  at  two  years,  being  third  to  Storm  King  and 
Harry  Gwyn,  with  King's  Consul,  Overflow  and  Red  unplaced.  He  was  unplaced  in 
his  other  races. 

At  three  he  ran  last  to  Moylan  and  Cabrillo  at  seven  furlongs.  Won  at  six  fur- 
longs in  i  :  15^/2,  beating  Queen  Nubia  and  Tulare,  with  six  others  unplaced.  Second 
to  Sweet  William,  Sigfried  third  and  seven  others  unplaced,  six  furlongs  in  1:18^2 
in  the  mud.  Won  at  six  furlongs  in  i  :i8,  Peril  second  and  Don  Clarencio  third,  ten 
others  unplaced.  Won  at  six  furlongs  in  I  :i6l/4,  St.  Distaff  second  and  Rienzi  third, 
with  seven  others  unplaced.  Second  to  Rey  del  Tierra  (giving  him  nine  pounds)  at 
one  mile  and  a  sixteenth  in  1 :49^.  Ran  unplaced  to  Lincoln  and  Judge  Denny  at 
a  mile  and  a  quarter.  Third  to  Scarborough  and  Scarf  Pin  in  the  California  Derby, 
six  others  unplaced,  in  2:11^4,  a  mile  and  a  quarter.  Second  to  Howard  S.,  a  mile  and 
a  quarter  in  2:08^2,  with  nine  others  behind  him.  Won  the  University  Stakes,  one 
mile  in  I  '.43%,  beating  Hohenzollern  and  Horatio,  four  others  unplaced.  Won  at 
seven  furlongs  in  i  :2Qj4,  beating  France,  Horatio  and  three  others.  Second  to 
Fleur  de  Lis  in  the  Hobart  Handicap,  giving  her  18  pounds,  with  six  others  behind 
him.  Second  to  Bliss  Rucker  at  one  mile  in  i  -.40,  giving  him  19  pounds  for  his  year, 
with  Buckwa  and  Senator  Bland  behind  him. 

Altamax  is  from  the  No.  10  family,  whence  come  5  winners  of  the  Derby,  with 
three  each  of  the  Oaks,  St.  Leger  and  Two  Thousand  Guineas.  Its  best  peMormers  are 
Blink  Bonny  and  her  son  Blair  Athol ;  Pretender,  winner  of  the  Derby  and  Two  Thou- 
sand; and  Petrarch,  winner  of  the  Two  Thousand  and  St.  Leger  at  three  years  and 
Ascot  Cup  at  four.  The  best  sires  from  it  are  Blair  Athol,  the  only  son  of  Stockwell 
to  head  the  list  of  sires ;  Hampton,  the  only  horse  since  Stockwell  to  get  3  Derby 
winners;  and  Petrarch,  who  got  one  winner  of  the  St.  Leger  and  2  of  the  Oaks.  In 
America  the  best  sires  from  this  family  are  Bonnie  Scotland,  Deceiver,  Rotherhill, 
Balrownie,  Watercress,  Siddartha  and  Pursebearer;  and  in  Australia,  Castle  Hill, 
Light  Artillery  and  Anteros. 


ALTAMAX,  BR.,  H.  1894.  1 
BRED  BY  JAMES  B.  HAGGIN  AT  THB  RANCHO  DEL  PASO,  SACRAMENTO.  \ 

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1  Hopeful  Duchess,  Vespasian,  Daughter  of,  Toxophilite, 
1859-  b.  h.,  1863.  (19)  b.  m.,  1857-  b.  h.,  1855.  (3)  1 

(21) 

Longbow, 
b.    h.,     1849. 

Lthuricl,   br.   h.    1841    by   Touchstone    (St.    Leger    1834)  —  Verbena   by   Veloci- 
pede   (sire   of   Queen   of  Trumps,   Oaks   and   St.    Leger  of    1835)  —  -Rosalba 
by   Milo  —  sister  to   Selim   and   Castrel. 
Miss   Bowe,   b.    m.    1834    (dam   of   Iris,    Oaks   of    1851,   also   of   Boiardo   and 
De   Clare)    by   Catton    1809  —  Tranby's   dam   by   Orville,   St.    Leger    1802  — 
Miss   Grimstone    1796   by   Weazle  —  Daughter  of   Ancaster    1768. 

Legerde- 
main, 
b.    m.,    1846. 

i'antaloon,    ch.    h.    1824   by   Castrel    (brother   to    Selim   and    Rubens)  —  Idalia 
4th  dam  of   Sir  Modred  and  Cheviot)   by   Peruvian  —  Musidora    1804    (Sis- 
ter to   Meteora,   Oaks    1805)    by   Meteor    1738  —  Maid   of  All   Work. 
Decoy,  b.  m.   1830   (dam  of  Flatchatcher,  2,000  guineas  of  1848)  by  Filho  da 
Puta    (St.    Leger   of    1815)  —  Finesse  by   Peruvian  —  Violante  by   John   Bull 
(Derby    1792)  —  Highflyer   mare  —  Everlasting   by    Eclipse. 

(7) 

West 
Australian, 
b.    h.,     1850. 

Melbourne,    br.    h.    1834    (sire   of    Blink    Bonny,    Derby   and   Oaks    1857)    by 
Humphrey    Clinker    1822  —  Morpeth's    dam    by    Cervantes    1806  —  Daughter 
1818    of    Golumpus    1802  —  Paynator   mare  —  Circle,    sister   to   Zodiac. 
Mowerina    (own  sister  to  Cotherstone,   Derby   1843)   by  Touchstone  (  sire  of 
three   Derby  winners)  —  Emma  by  Whisker   (sire   of  2   St.   Leger  winners) 
—  Gibside  Fairy  by  Hermes  —  Vicissitude  1800  by  Pipator  1786. 

Brown 
Bess, 
br.    m.,    1844 

Camel,   br.  h.    1822    (sire  of   two   St.   Leger   winners  and  three  of  the   Ascot 
Cup)   by   Whalebone    (Derby    1810)  —  Daughter  of   Selim    1802  —  Maiden   by 
Sir    Peter  —  Matron    by    Florizel,    sire    of    two    Derby    winners. 
Daughter   of    Brutandorf,    (Chester   Cup    1826)  —  Mrs.    Cruikshanks  by   Wei- 
beck    (brother   to  Tiresias,    Derby    1819)  —  Tamp's   dam   by   Gohanna  —  (2nd 
in    Derby)  —  Fraxinella    by    Trentham  —  Woodpecker    mare. 

(8) 

Newmin- 
ster, 
b.    h.,     1848. 

Touchstone,    br.    h.    1831    (sire   of   3    St.    Leger    winners   and   4   of    the   Two 
Thousand   Guineas)    by   Camel  —  Banter  by   Master   Henry    (half-brother   to 
Mameluke,  Derby   1827)  —  Boadicea   (sth  "dam  of  Leamington). 
Beeswing,  b.   m.    1853    (winner  of   52   races  out  of  63)   by  Dr.    Syntax    (won 
4    Preston    Cups)  —  Tomboy's    dam    by    Ardrossan     (sire    of    Jack    Spigot, 
St.    Leger    1821)  —  Lady    Eliza  by   Whitworth    1805  —  Spadille    mare. 

Vesta, 
ch.   m.,    1857 

Stockwell,  ch.  h.   1849  (won  St.   Leger  1852  and  sire  of  6  St.  Leger  winners) 
bv    the    Baron    (St.    Leger    of    1845)  —  Pocabontas    (dam    of    Rataplan    and 
King  torn)  by  Glencoe  —  Marpessa  (dam  of  Idas,  2000  gs.   1845)  by  Muley. 
Garland,  br.   m.    1835  by  Langar   (sire  of   Elis,   St.    Leger   1836)  —  Cast   Steel 
1828  bv  Whisker   (Derby   1815)  —  The  Twinkle  by  Walton  —  Daughter   1814 
of  Orville   (St.   Leger   1802)  —  Lisette  by   Hambletonian    (St.   Leger    1795). 

(3) 

Flying 
Dutchman, 
br.   h.,    1846. 

Bay  Middleton    (Derby  and  St.   Leger  of   1836  and  never  beaten)   by   Sultan 
1816  —  Cobweb    (Oaks  of    1824)   by  Phantom    (Derby    1811)  —  Filagree    1815 
by   Soothsayer    (St.    Leger    1811)  —  Web,   sister   to   Whalebone,   by   Waxy. 
Barbelle,   b.    m.    1836    (dam   of   Van   Tromp,    St.    Leger   and   Ascot   Cup)    by 
Sandbeck     1818  —  Darioletta    by    Amadis     1807  —  Selima     1810    by     Selim  — 
Pot-8-os  mare   1794  —  Editha  1781  by  Herod   1758  —  Elfrida. 

Espoir. 
b.    m.,    1841. 

Liverpool,   br.   h.    1828    (sire   of   the   great   Lanercost)    by    Tramp  —  Daughter 
1822  of  Whisker  —  Mandane   (dam  of  Lottery  and  Brutandorf)   by  Pot-8-os 
—  Young  Camilla  by  Woodpecker  —  Camilla  by  Trentham. 
Esperance,    b.    m.    1836   by    Lapdog    (winner    of   the    Derby   in    1826)    he   by 
Whalebone  —  Grisette    by    Merlin,    son    of    Castrel  —  Coquette    by    Dick   An- 
drews  (sire  of  Tramp)—  Vanity   1803  by  Buzzard,  sire  of  Selim. 

ALTITUDE.  (10) 

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(13) 

Orlando, 
b.    h.,     1841. 

Touchstone,   br.   h.    1831    by   Camel    1822    (sire   of  Caravan,   Ascot   Cup    1839) 
—  Banter   (2nd  dam  of   Satirist,  who  won  the  Queen's  Vase  and  St.   Leger 
1841)    by    Master    Henry,    son    of    Orville  —  Boadicea    by    Alexander. 
Vulture,   (fastest  mare  of  her  day  and  winner  of  32  races  at  short  distances) 
by   Langar    (above)  —  Kite    (srd   dam   of   Beadsman,    Derby    1858)    by   Bus- 
tard   (Castrel)  —  Olympia  by   Sir   Oliver    (Doncaster   Cup    1805). 

Gaze, 

b.    m.,    1842. 

Bay  Middleton   (sire  of   i    St.  Leger  and  2  Derby  winners)  by   Sultan  —  Cob- 
web   (dam   of  2   winners  of  the    2000   guineas)   by   Phantom    (Derby    1811) 
—  Filagree    (dam   of   Riddlesworth   2000   gs.    1831)    by   Soothsayer  —  Web. 
Flycatcher,   by  Godolphin,  son   of   Partisan    1811  —  sister  to   Cobweb    (dam   of 
Princess,     Oaks    of     1844)     by     Phantom  —  Filagree    by     Soothsayer  —  Web 
(sister   to   Whalebone   and   Whisker)    by   Waxy  —  Penelope. 

(3) 

Stockwell, 
ch.  h.,   1849. 

The   Baron,   ch.    h.    1842    (won   the   St.    Leger   and   Cesarewitch   of    1845)    by 
Birdcatcher—  Echidna     1838    by    Economist     1825     (sire    of    Harkaway)  — 
Miss   Pratt    1825   by   Blacklock    1814  —  Gadabout   by   Orville. 
Pocahontas    (2nd   dam   of   Rayon   d'   Or,    St.    Leger   1879)   by   Glencoe  —  Mar- 
pessa by  Muley   (sire  of  Little  Wonder,  Derby  1840)  —  Clare  by  Marmion, 
son    of    Whiskey    1789  —  Harpalice    1814   by    Gohanna  —  Amazon. 

Countess   of 
Albemarle, 
1847- 

Lanercost,  br.  h.   1836   (ran  3rd  in   St.   Leger  and  won  Ascot  Cup  of  1841) 
by    Liverpool  —  Otis    (3rd   dam   of   Kettledrum,   Derby   and   Doncaster   Cup 
1861)    Bustard  —  Gayhurst's  dam  by  Election    (Derby  winner   1807). 
Sister  to  Hornsea   (Goodwood  Cup  of   1836)   by  Velocipede   (sire  of  Queen 
of  Trumps,    Oaks   and    St.    Leger   of    1835)—  Daughter    1820   of   Cerberus 
1802—  Miss    Cranfield   by    Sir    Peter    (Derby    1787)    Daughter   of    Pegasus. 

~  (12) 

Lexington, 
b.    h.,  -1850. 

Boston,  ch.  h.   1833   (winner  of  40  races  out  of  45)  by  Timoleon  —  Sister  to 
Tuckahoe    by   Ball's    Florizel    1801  —  Daughter   of   imp.    Alderman,    son   of 
Pot-8-os  —  Daughter   of   imp.    Clockfast    (Gimcrack). 
Alice  Carneal,  br.  m.  1836  (dam  of  Umpire,  winner  of  18  races  in  England 
by  imp.   Sarpedon  —  Rowena  1826  by  Sumpter—  Lady  Grey   1817  by  Robin 
Grey   (Royalist)  —  Maria   1802  by  Melzar  1721. 

Magnolia, 
ch.  m.,   1841 

Glencoe,  imported,  ch.   h.   1831    (winner  of  the  Goodwood  and  Ascot  Cups) 
by    Sultan  —  Trampoline   by   Tramp    1810,    sire   of   2    Derby    winners  —  Web 
by   Waxy,    Derby    1793  —  Penelope  by   Trumpator  —  Prunella   by   Highflyer. 
Myrtle,    imported,    ch.    m.    1834,    by    Mameluke    (Derby    winner    in    1827)  — 
Bobadilla   (Ascot  Cup  and  Drawing  Room   Stakes   1829)   by  Bobadil   (Ru- 
bens) —  Pvthoness  1813  by  Sorcerer  1796  —  Princess  1796  by  Sir  Peter. 

(3) 

Stockwell, 
ch.   h.,    1849. 

The   Baron    (sire   of   Rataplan,   who   won   42   races   out   of   71;    and   of   La 
Toucques  who  won  both  the  French  Derby  and  Oaks  at  Chantilly  in  1863) 
by   Birdcatcher  —  Echidna  by  Ecnomist  —  Miss   Pratt  by   Blacklock. 
Pocahontas    (dam   of   5   sires,   of  whom   3   were  first-class)    by   Glencoe    (2000 
gs.  of  1834  and  Ascot  Cup  of  183-;)—  Marpessa  (dam  of  Jeremy  Diddler) 
by    Muley  —  Clare    bv    Marmion  —  Harpalice    by    Gohanna. 

Braxey, 
b.    m.,    1849 

Moss   Trooper,   b.   h.    1839  by  Liverpool    (sire  of  Lanercost)  —  Daughter  of 
Emilius,   Derbv    1823—  Surprise  by   Scud,   sire   of   2   Derby  winners—  Man- 
freda  by  Williamson's   Ditto    (Derby   1803)  —  Tawny  by  Mentor. 
Queen  Mary   (dam  of  Blink  Bonny  and  imp.   Bonnie  Scotland)  by  Gladiator, 
2nd  in   Derbv  of   1836  —  Beverlac's  dam  by  Plenipotentiary,   Derby    1834  — 
Mvrrha    bv    Whalebone—  Gift    by    Y.    Gohanna—  Sister    to    Grazier   by    Sir 

'The  American   Thoroughbred 


EDDIE      JONES 

Winner  of  the  Winter  Handicap  at  Tanforan,  the  McLaughlin  Stakes  at  Inglcsidc  and 
twenty  other  races.     Property  of  Burns  &  Waterhouse. 

At  two  years  old,  this  fine  young  horse  started  five  times,  but  never  won,  being 
twice  second  and  three  times  third.  At  three  he  was  about  as  hard  a  horse  to  beat  as 
there  was  in  the  state,  winning  9  races  in  20  starts  and  only  two  times  outside  the  money. 
He  won  his  first  four  races  at  that  age.  Among  his  victories  of  that  year,  were  the 
Cadmus  Stakes  at  Ingleside,  the  California  Maiden  Stakes  and  the  bhell  Mound  Handi- 
cap, all  of  which  he  won  in  fast  time.  His  total  earnings  for  that  year  were  $5,155, 
and  he  seemed  equally  good  in  the  mud  or  on  a  fast  track. 

At  four  he  was  lame  in  nearly  all  of  his  races,  but  won  II  out  of  19  starts,  aggre- 
gating a  total  of  $4,100,  which  brought  his  earnings  for  three  seasons  up  to  $9,730. 
He  started  12  times  at  Oakland  and  7  times  at  St.  Louis,  in  which  he  beat  all  the 
best  horses  in  the  country.  At  Oakland,  his  last  event  was  the  McLaughlin  Stakes, 
in  which  he  gave  three  years  and  three  pounds  to  Satsuma,  and  seven  pounds  and  one 
year  to  Rosinante,  Joe  Ullman  and  Hugh  Penny  being  unplaced.  The  track  was  very 
heavy  from  recent  rains,  but  for  all  that  he  covered  the  first  seven  furlongs  in  1 127 
and  the  mile  in  i  -.46. 

At  five  years  he  did  not  start,  but  at  six  he  was  a  great  horse,  though  a  cripple. 
He  won  a  handicap  of  $500  at  Tanforan,  nine  furlongs  in  i : 59^/21,  in  a  sea  of  mud, 
beating  The  Lady,  Bathos  and  Autumn.  Three  days  later  he  won  the  Winter  Handi- 
cap with  118,  beating  The  Lady,  Advance  Guard  and  six  others  in  2:04^4  at  a  mile 
and  a  quarter.  Value,  $3,927.  Ran  2nd  to  Terminus  at  Washington  Park  and  was 
then  withdrawn  permanently,  his  total  earnings  being  $14,257.  Only  a  few  of  his  get 
have  as  yet  started  but  each  of  them  has  won  more  than  one  race. 

Morello,  sire  of  Eddie  Jones,  was  as  good  a  horse  as  any  from  the  male  line  of 
Leamington.  He  was  sold  for  $100  as  a  yearling,  but  won  the  Futurity  Stakes  at  two 
years  old,  worth  $40,450,  with  Lady  Violet  and  the  Bella  Donna  colt  second  and  third. 
At  three  he  won  the  rich  Wheeler  Handicap  at  Washington  Park,  a  mile  and  a  quarter 
in  2:06,  with  as  fine  a  field  behind  him  as  ever  started  for  that  event.  He  died  near 
Mount  Diablo,  a  very  young  horse,  and  his  death  was  a  severe  loss  to  the  breeders  of 
this  State,  as  he  left  several  good  performers  behind  him,  Eddie  Jones  being  the  best 
of  the  lot. 


1  EDDIE  JONES,  BR.,  H.  l«yt>. 

BRED  AND  STILL  OWNED  BY  BURNS  &  WATERHOUSE. 

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Faugh-a- 
Ballagh, 
br.    h.,    1841 

Sir    Hercules,    br    .h.    1826    (3rd    in    St.    Leger    and    got    Coronation,    Derby 
of   1841)   by   Whalebone    (Derby   1810)  —  Peri    (dam  of  imp.   Langford)    by 
Wanderer   1811  —  Thalestris    (dam   of   Egremont). 
Guiccioli,    ch.    m.     1823    by    Bob    Booty    (son    of    Irish    Chanticleer  —  -Flight 
by    Irish    Escape    1802  —  Young    Heroine    by     Bagot,  1780  —  Heroine     1775 
by    Hero  —  Daughter    of    Snap     1766  —  Sister    to    Regulus     1743. 

Daughter    of 
br.     m.,  1841 

Pantaloon,    ch.    h.     1824     (sire    of     i    Oaks    and    i     St.    Leger    winner)     by 
Castrel  —  Idalia      (4th     dam     of     Sir     Modred)     by     Peruvian  —  Musidora 
(sister  to   Meteora,   Oaks   1895)   by  Meteor  —  Maid  of  All  Work   1786. 
Daphne,    br.    m.    1837    by    Laurel    (3rd    in    St.    Leger    1828    and    won    Don- 
caster    Cup)  —  Maid    of    Honor    of    Champion,     son    of     Selim  —  Etiquette 
by  Orville    (St.   Leger  of    1802)  —  Boadicia   by  Alexander    1782. 

(x) 

Revenue, 
b.     h.,     1843 

Trustee,    imp.    ch.    h.     1829    (brother    to    Mundig,    Derby    1835)    by    Catton 
(Doncaster     Cup     1815)  —  Emma     (dam     of     Cotherstone     (Derby     1843) 
by  Whisker    (Derby    1815)  —  Gibside   Fairy    1811    by   Hermes   1790. 
Rosalie    Somers    b.    m.     1831     (dam    of    Commodore    and    Financier)    by    Sir 
Charles     1816  —  Mischief     1828    by    Virginian  —  Daughter    of     (grand    dam 
of   Trifle)    im.    Bedford    (Dungannon)  —  Daughter  of   Bellair. 

Sarah 
Washington, 
ch.   m.,   1837 

Garrison's    Zinganee,    b.    h.     1828,    by    Sir    Archy     1805  —  Miss    Chance    by 
imp.    Chance,    son    of    Lurcher    (Dungannon)  —  Daughter    of    imp.    Eagle 
(Volunteer)  —  Maria  1805  by  Bay  Yankee—  Green's  Celer  mare. 
Stella,    b.    m.     18..,    by    Contention    1815     (Sir    Archy)  —  Daughter    of    im- 
ported     Speculator      1795  —  Pompadour      by      Valiant  —  imported      Jenny 
Cameron   by   Cuddy   1727  —  Miss   Belvoir  by   Gray   Grantham. 

(14) 

Macaroni, 
b.     h.,     1860 

Sweetmeat,  b.   h.    1842   by   Gladiator    1833    (2nd    in   the    Derby   and  best   sire 
ever   sent   to    France)  —  Lollypop   by   Voltair    1826    (sire   of    Voltigeur   and 
Charles   XII)  —  Wagtail    (dam   of   Laurel)    by    Prime    Minister. 
Jocose,  b.   m.,   1843  by  Pantaloon   (sire  of  Satirist,   St.   Leger   1841)  —  Banter 
1826    (dam   of   Touchstone)    by    Master    Henry    (winner   of   The    Whip   in 
1819)  —  Boadicea    (sth   dam   of   Leamington,   above)    by  Alexander. 

Madam 
Strauss, 
b.    m.,    1866 

King  Tom,  b.   h.    1851    (sire  of   i    winner  each  of   Derby  and   St.    Leger  and 
3    of    the    Oaks)    by    Harkaway    (Goodwood    Cups    of    1838    and    1839)  — 
Pocahontas  (dam  of  Stockwell  and  Rataplan)  by  Glencoe  —  Marpessa  1830. 
Jetty  Treffz,  br.  m.    1851   by   Melbourne    (sire  of   2   Derby  and  3   Oaks   win- 
ners) —  Ellen    Loraine    1845    by    The    Lord   Mayor    (son    of    Pantaloon)  — 
Lady  Mary  by   Voltaire    (Doncaster  Cup   1829)  —  Ldy  Moore   Carew. 

(ll) 

Australian, 
imp.     ch.     h. 
1858 

West  Australian,   b.    h.    1850   by   Melbourne    (sire  of    2    St.    Leger   winners 
and  2  of  the  2000  gs.)  —  Mowerina    (4th   dam  of  Donovan,   Derby  and   St. 
Leger   1889)   by  Touchstone  —  Emma   (dam   of  2   Derby  winners). 
Emilia,   imp.   b.   m.    1840    (3rd  dam  of   Ben   A'li   and   4th   of   Golden   Maxim) 
by   Young   Emilius    1833  —  Persian   by  Whisker    (Derby    1815)-  —  Variety   by 
Soothsayer    (St.    Leger    1811)  —  Sprite   by    Bobtail  —  Catherine    1795. 

Eagless, 
gr.   m.,    1856 

Glencoe,   imp.  ch.   h.    1831   by   Sultan   (^nd  in  the  Derby  of    1819)  —  Trampo- 
line   (2nd    in    1000   guineas   of    1828)    by   Tramp  —  Web    (sister    to    Whale- 
bone   and    Whisker)    by    Waxy  —  Penelope    by    Trumpator  —  Prunella. 
Volscian's    dam    by    Grey    Eaffle    1835  —  Mary    Morris    by    Medoc    (American 
Eclipse   1814)  —  Miss  Obstiffate   1829  by   Sumpter   1818    (brother  to  Thorn- 
ton's   Rattler  —  Jenny   Slamerkin,    1823   by   Tiger    1812    (Cook's   Whip). 

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(n) 

Australian, 
imp.    br.    h., 
1858. 

West    Australian     (sire    of    Solon,    who    got    Barcaldine)     by    Melbourne  —  • 
Mowerina    (sister    to   Jennala)    by    Touchstone    (St.    Leger    1834)  —  Emma 
(sister  to  Maria,  dam  of  Euclid)   by  Whisker  —  Gibside  Fairy  by  Hermes. 
Emilia,   imp.    (dam   of   Cordelia   who   produced   Thunderbolt,   the   fastest   son 
of    Stockwell)    by   Young    Emilius    (afterwards   a   good   sire   in    France)  — 
Persian   by  Whisker   1812  —  Variety  by   Soothsayer    (sire  of  Tiresias.) 

Cicely 
Jopson, 
imp.   br.   m., 
1859- 

Weatherbit,   br.   h.    1843    (sire   of   Beadsman,   Derby  of    1858)    by   Shaat   An- 
chor   1832  —  Miss    Letty    (Oaks    of    1837)    by    Priam    (Derby    1830)  —  Miss 
Fanny's    dam    181?;    by    Orville  —  Goldenleg's    dam    1800    by    Buzzard. 
Cestrea  by  Faugh-a-Ballagh  (St.  Leger  and  Cesarewitch  of  1844)  —  Daughter 
of    Liverpool    (Gascoigne    Stakes    1832)  —  Rachel    by    Muley  —  Daughter    of 
Comus  —  Margrave's    (St.   Leger    1832)   dam  by  Election,   Derby   winner. 

do) 

Bonnie 
Scotlan^, 
imp.     b.     h., 
1853.     ' 

lago.   b.   h.    1843    (won  the   Grand   Duke  Michael    Stakes,   beating   Sir  Tatton 
Sykes  and  Pyrrhus  the  First)  by  Don  John  —  Scandal   1822   (dam  of  Back- 
biter, Goodwood   Stakes   1851)   by  Selim  —  Daughter   1816  of  Haphazard. 
Queen  Mary,  b.   m.    1843  by  Gladiator,    (2nd  in  the  Derby   1836)  —  Beverlac's 
dam    by    Plenipotentiary    (Derby    1836)  —  Myrrha    by    Whalebone    (Queen 
Mary  is  dam   of  Blink  Bonny,  Derby  and  Oaks  of   1857. 

Sister    to 
Ruric, 
b.   m.,    1862. 

Sovereign,   b.   h.    1836    (imported   into   South    Carolina   and  sire   of    Prioress, 
Cesarewitch    1857)    by    Emilius  —  Fleur   de    Lis    (winner    of    2    Goodwood 
Cups)   by   Bourbon,   son   of   Sorcerer  —  Lady    Rachel   by    Stamford. 
Levity,  b.  m.    1845    (greatest  of  all  American  brood-mares)    by  imp.    Trustee 
(above)  —  Alaric's   dam    (also   dam   of   the   great   Vandal)    by   imp.   Tranby 
1826  —  Lucilla  by  Trumpator   1823  —  Lucy   1821  by  Orphan  —  Lady  Grey. 

(n) 

I  ago, 
b.    h.,    1843. 

Don  John,  b.  h.   183^   (winner  of  the  St.  Leger  and  Doncaster  Cup  two  days 
apart,    beating   Alice   Hawthorn    in   the    latter   race)    by    Waverly    (son    of 
Whalebone)  —  Hetman  Platoff's  dam  by  Comus  —  Marciana  by  Stamford. 
Scandal    (dam    of    The    Ban    and    Backbiter)    by    Selim  —  Daughter    1816    of 
Haphazard    (who  got  2   winners  of  the   2000  gs.   and    i    of   the   St.    Leger) 
Princess  by  Precipitate   (brother  to  Gohanna)  —  Colibri  by  Woodpecker. 

Queen 
Mary, 
b.    m.,    1843. 

Gladiator,  ch.  h.  1833  (sire  of  Sweetmeat,  above)  by  Partisan  (sire  of  Mame- 
luke,   Derby    1827)  —  Pauline   by   Moses    (Derby   of    1822)  —  Quadrille    (2nd 
dam  of  Catherine  Hayes,  Oaks  1853)  by  Selim  —  Canary  Bird  by  Sorcerer. 
Beverlac's    dam,    b.    m.    1839    by    Plenipotentiary    (Derby   of    1834)  —  Myrrha 
by  Whalebone    (sire  of   three   Derby   Winners)  —  Gift   by   Young   Gohanna 
1810  —  Sister   1802  to  Grazier  by  Sir  Peter  —  Sister  1788  to  Aimator. 

(i) 

Glencoe, 
imp.    ch.    h., 
1831. 

Sultan,  b.  h.    1816   (the  only  stallion  to  get  5  winners  of  the  Two  Thousand 
Guineas)    by    Selim    1802  —  Bacchante    by    Williamson's    Ditto    (Derby    of 
1803  and  brother  to  Walton)  —  sister  to  Calomel  by  Mercury. 
Trampoline,    1825   by  Tramp  —  Web    (dam   of   Middleton,    Derby   of    1825.   by 
Phantom)    by    Waxy  —  Penelope   by    Trumpator  —  Prunella    (dam    of    Waxy 
Pope,   Derby   1809)   by  Highflyer   1774  —  Promise   1768  by  Snap   1750. 

Occidenta, 
b.    m.,    1835. 

Bertrand,  b.  h.    1821.  by   Sir  Archy   1805  —  Eliza  by  imp.   Bedford   (Dungan- 
non) —  imported    Mambrina    by    Mambrino,    sire    of    Messenger.      Bertrand 
won   1  8   races   in  all,   of   which    12   were   at   four-mile   heats. 
Diamond    by    Tupin's    Florizel     (son    of    Ball's    Florizel,    who    got    Boston's 
dam)  —  Daughter  of  Lewis'  Eclipse  —  Minerva  by  Melzar   (son  of  Imported 
Medley)  —  Daughter  of   Hall's   Union  —  The   Kirtley  mare  bv   Milo. 

2J<$  The  American   Thoroughbred 


COMMANDO 

Winner  of  the  Belmont  and  Carlton  Stakes  at  three  years;  and  the  largest  winner  of 
his  age  in  America  at  to-o.  Property  of  James  R.  and  F.  P.  Kcenc,  Castlcton  Stud,  Kv. 

COMMANDO  comes  from  the  No.  12  family,  to  which  trace  both  Lexington  and 
Vandal,  the  two  best  sires  between  1860  and  1875,  tracing  back  to  the  Old  Montague 
mare.  Going  back  to  his  ninth  dam,  we  find  she  produced  Medoc,  the  best  native 
stallion  between  Sir  Archy  and  Lexington,  foaled  forty-five  years  apart.  Then  we 
find  Motto,  dam  of  Sally  Lewis  and  Governor  Wickliffe.  Sally  Lewis  produced  John 
Morgan  that  defeated  Idlewild  and  imported  Australian,  at  three-mile  heats,  running 
twelve  miles  to  win  the  race.  In  later  years  came  on  Linden,  one  of  the  best  sons  of 
Longfellow ;  Onondaga  and  Sensation,  two  of  Leamington's  greatest  sons  as  sires ;  Sus- 
quehanna,  a  great  winner  in  the  Belmont  colors;  Potomac,  winner  of  the  rich  Futurity 
Stakes  at  two  years  old  and  of  the  Realization  at  three ;  Stratford,  sire  of  Tarragon 
and  Connemara,  both  great  winners ;  and  Guenn,  who  was  probably  the  best  filly  ever 
bred  at  Palo  Alto,  she  being  the  dam  of  St.  Brandon  and  second  dam  of  Commando. 

Commando,  at  two  years,  bid  fair  to  rival  the  record  of  his  unbeaten  sire  at 
that  age,  for,  while  he  did  not  win  the  Futurity,  which  fell  to  a  much  inferior  horse 
with  a  lighter  weight  on  him,  he  retired  from  the  season  as  the  biggest  winner  -of  the 
year.  At  three  high  hopes  were  formed  of  him,  as  he  won  the  rich  Belmont  Stakes 
(a  mile  and  three-eighths,  over  the  hill),  at  Morris  Park,  without  being  extended. 
He  went  to  the  post  for  the  Realization  Stakes,  the  hottest  favorite  ever  known,  but 
broke  down  in  the  middle  of  the  race,  and  Mr.  Wilson's  colt,  The  Parader,  cantered 
in  an  easy  winner.  He  was  then  retired  to  the  farm  at  Castleton,  but  served  no  mares 
until  igo2,  as  he  was  a  very  large  and  heavy  horse,  and  Mr.  Keene  wished  him  to 
fill  out  and  attain  his  entire  form  before  entering  upon  the  duties  of  a  life  in  the  stud. 

The  eldest  of  Commando's  get  will  be  two  years  old  in  1905  and  some  of  them 
will  be  trained  for  their  engagements  at  two  years  old.  Like  him,  they  inherit  good 
size,  great  liberty  of  action,  big  bone  and  excellent  temper.  Major  Dangerfield,  the 
superintendent  at  Castleton,  firmly  believes  that  the  get  of  Commando  are,  so  far, 
superior  to  the  get  of  any  other  American  stallion  in  his  first  season ;  and  it  remains 
to  be  seen  whether  his  prophecies  in  regard  to  the  progeny  of  this  fine  young  horse 
are  correct. 


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Eclipse, 
imp.     b.     h., 

Orlando*    b.    h.    1841     (sire   ot    i    Derby,    i    St.    Leger   and    3   Two   Thousand 
winners)   by   Touchstone    (1831)  —  Vulture  bv   Langar  —  Kite  by   Bustard  — 
Olympia    (dam   of   Elis,   St.   Leger   1836)    by   Sir  Oliver  D. 
Gaze   (sister  to  Gaper)   by  Bay  Middleton*   (1833)  —  Flycatcher  by  Godolphm 
(Partisan)  —  Sister    to    Cobweb     (Oaks    1824)    by    Phantom*  —  Filagree    by 
Soothsayer  —  Web   by   Waxy. 

Maud,     imp. 
b.    m.,     1859 

Stockwell,  ch.  h.   1849  by  the  Baron!   (1842)  —  Pocahontas   (1837)  by  Glencoe 
G.     (1831)  —  Marpessa     (1830)     by    Muley     (1810)  —  Clare    by    Marmion  — 
Harpalice   by    Gohanna    (1790). 
Countess   of   Albemarle   by   Lanercost   A.    (1836)    ran   3rd   in    St.    Leger  and 
won  Ascot  Cup   1841  —  Sister  to  Hornsea  G.    (1832)   by  Velocipede   (1825) 
Cerberus   mare  —  Miss   Cranfield   by   Sir   Peter. 

Lexington, 
b.     h.,     1850 

Boston,    ch.    h.     1834     (only    horse    to    get    ten    performers    with    four    mile 
records   below   7:40)    by   Timoleon    (1813)  —  Robin    Brown's   dam   by   Ball's 
F'lorizel     (unbeaten)  —  Alderman    mare. 
Alice   Carneal   b.    m.    1836    (2nd   dam   of   Helmbold   who   beat   Longfellow  at 
four   miles)    by    Sarpedon,    imp.  —  Rowena   by    Sumpter    (Bro.    to    Flirtilla) 
Lady    (.ray    by    Robin    Gray    (Royalist). 

Hegira, 
ch.   m.,   1846 

Ambassador,    ch.    h.     1839,    by    Plenipotentiary*  —  Jenny    Mills,    imported    by 
Whisker*  —  Hornsea's   dam   by   Cerberus,   son   of   Gohanna  —  Miss   Cranfield 
by    Sir    Peter  —  Pegasus   mare. 
Flight,    ch.    m.    1837    by    imported    Leviathan    (ch.    h.    1827)    son    of    Muley 
1810;  —  Charlotte  Hamilton  by  Sir  Charles   (Sir  Archy  —  Lady  of  the  Lake 
by    imported    Sir    Harry*  —  Daughter    of    Diomed*-  —  St.    George    mare. 

(14) 
Leamington, 
imp.    br.    h., 
1853 

Faugh-a-Ballagh!   by    Sir    Hercules    (1826)  —  Guiccioli    (1823)    by    Bob    Bootv 
(1804)  —  Flight  by   Irish   Escape    (Brother  to   Rugantino)  —  Young  Heroine 
by    Bagot,    son   of    Herod    (1758). 
Daughter  of  (b.  m.   1841)   Pantaloon  —  Daphne  by  Laurel  D  —  Maid  of  Honor 
by    Champion    (Selim)  —  Etiquette   by    Orville    (1799)    Boadicea    (2nd   dam 
of    Touchstone)     by    Alexander. 

Lida, 
b.    m.,    1858 

Lexington,      b.      h.      1850      (4      miles     in      7:19%     against      time     and      ;n 
7:23  3-4,  beating  Lecomte)   by  Boston  —  Alice  Carneal   (2nd  dam  of  Abdel 
Kader)   by   imp.    Sarpedon  —  Rowena  by   Sumpter   (above). 

Lize   by   American    Eclipse    (ch.    h.    1814)    won    n    races   and   never   beaten) 
son  of  Duroc  —  Gabriella  (dam  of  the  great  George  Martin)  by  Sir  Archy. 

(23) 

War    Dance, 
ch.    h.,    1859 

Lexington,  b.   h.    1850    (only  horse  in  the  world  to  head   the  list  of  winning 
sires    for    eleven    seasons)     by    Boston  —  Alice    Carneal,    above  —  Rowena 
by    Sumpter  —  Lady    Gray,. 
Reel,    gr.    m.    1838    (winner    of    16    races    out    of    19,    at   all    distances)    by 
Glencoe,    imp.    A.    G.  —  imp.    Gallopade   by    Catton  —  Camillina   by    Camillus 
Hambletonian!)    Smolensko   mare. 

Daughter   of 
b.    m.,    1857 

Lecompte,    ch.    h.    1850,    by    Boston    (above)  —  Reel    (dam    of    Prioress    Ces) 
and    Starke   G.   by   Glencoe  —  imp.    Gallopade    (dam   of    Fandango)    by    Cat- 
ton  —  Camillina    by    Camillus. 
Edith,    b.    m.    1850   by    imp.    Sovereign    (Emilius  —  Fleur    de    Lis,    winner    of 
1  8  races  out  of  32)  —  Judith  by  imp.  Glencoe  —  Fandango  by  imp.  Leviathan 
-—imp.    Gallopade,    above. 

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IGlendew,  Flood,  b.  h.,  1876  Lurline,  b.  m.,  1869  The  Peer,  b.  h.,  1855  (2) 
b.  m.,  1876  (Bro.  Molly  McCarthy).  (Aus  &  Ade  Cups)  Brother  to  Marchioness 

(O 

Melbourne, 
br.    h.,    1834 

rlumplirey   Clinker,   b.    h.    1822,    by    Comus    (1809)    son    of    Sorcerer  —  Clink- 
erina  by  Clinker  ,Sir  Peter)  —  Pewet   (St.   Leger   1789)   by  Tandem   (1773) 
—  Termagant    (1773)    by  Tantrum  —  Cantatrice. 
Morpeths   dam    (1825)    by   Cervantes    (1806)  —  daughter   of    (1818)    Golumpus 
Daughter   of    (1810)    Paynator    (1791)  —  Sister    to    Zodiac    by    St.    George, 
son    of    Highflyer. 

Cinizelli, 
b.    m.,     1842 

Touchstone,   br.    h.    1831    by   Camel    (1822)    only   horse   up   to    1880   to   get   3 
winners    of    the    Ascot    Gold    Cup  —  Banter    (2nd    dam    of    Macaroni*)    by 
Master  Henry    (i8is)    Boadicea  by  Alexander. 
Brocade    br.    m.    by    Pantaloon,    ch.    h.     1824     Bombazine    by    Thunderbolt 
(Brother  to   Smolensko*  —  Delta  by  Alexander    (son  of   Eclipse)  —  Isis  by 
Sir    Peter  —  Iris   by   Woodpecker. 

(20) 

Traducer, 
br.    h.,    1857 

The    Libel,    br.    h.     18    by    Pantaloon    (1824)  —  Pasquinade    (1840)    by    Camel 
—Banter    (2nd   dam   of    Satirist!   A)  —  Boadicea    (sth   dam    of   imp.    Leam- 
ington. C)   by  Alexander. 
Aretliusa    (dam    of    Fernhill,    winner   of   the    Great    Metropolitan   at   Epsom) 
by    Elis!    (1833)  —  Languid    by    Cain  —  Lydia    by    Paulton,    brother    to    Sir 
Oliver. 

Mermaid, 
ch.   m.,   1860 

King  Tom,  b.   h.    1851    (sire  of  2  winners  each,   Cesarewitch  and  Alexandra 
Plate)    by    Harkaway    G    (1834)  —  Pocahontas    (1837)    by    Glencoe    (1831) 
Marpessa    (1830)    by    Mulev    (1810)  —  Clare    by   Marmion. 
Waterwitch    (1859)   by  The   F"lying  Dutchman    (1846)  —  Evening  Star   (1839) 
by    Touchstone  —  Bertha    (1821)    by    Rubens    (1805)  —  Boadicea    (2nd    dam 
of   Tpuchstone    1831)    by  Alexander. 

(x) 

Norfolk, 
b.     h.,     1861 

Lexington   b.   h.    1850,    (got   6    winners   of   32   races   in    England)    by    Boston 
—  Alice  Carneal  by  imp.    Sarpedon   (1828)  —  Rowena  by  Sumpter    (Brother 
to   Thorntons    Rattler  —  Lady   Gray   by   Robin    Gray. 
Novice  b.  m.  by  Glencoe  A.  G.  —  Chloe  Anderson  by  Rodolph   (Big  Archy)  — 
Belle   Anderson   by    Sir    William   of    Transport    (Sir    Archy}—  Butterfly   by 
Sumpter. 

Hennie 
Farrow, 
b.    m.,     1855 

Shamrock,   imp.   ~h.   h.   by   St.   Patrick!    (Son   of  Walton)  —  imported   Delight 
by    Reveller!  —  Defiance    (dam    of    Defence.    3rd    best    son    of    Whalebone) 
by   Reubens  —  Little    Folly   by   Highland    Fling. 
Ida   b.    m.    1847    by    Belshazzar    (3rd    in    St.    Leger    1833)    son    of    Blacklock 
(1814)  —  Gamma's     dam     by     Sir     Richard     (Pacolet)  —  daughter     of     imp. 
Eagle*  —  Bet.    Bosley  by  Wilkes'   Wonder  —  Chanticleer   mare. 

(3) 
Glengarry, 
imp.    br.    h., 
1866 

Thormanby*  ch.   h.    1857   by  Windhound    (1847),    (brother  to   Hobbie   Noble, 
The    Reiver   and    Elthiron)  —  Alice    Hawthorn    (50^    races   out   of    68)    by 
Muley   Muloch  —  Rebecca   oy   Lottery   D    (1820). 
Carbine    by    Rifleman    (son    of    Touchstone    and    2nd   in    St.    Leger    1855)  — 
Troica     by     Lanercost     (Ascot     and     Newcastle     Cups     1841)  —  Siberia    by 
Brutandorf. 

Glenrose, 
ch.    m.,  1867 

Lexington,     (sire    of    Preakness,    dead    heat    for    Saratoga    Cup     1875     and 
walked    over    for    the    Brighton     (England)     Cup    of    1876,    by    Boston  — 
Alice   Carneal   by   Sarpedon  —  Rowena. 
Sally  Lewis,  ch.   m.    1852    (dam  of  John  Morgan  and  faA  dam  of   Sensation, 
Onondaga    and    Stratford)    by    Glencoe  —  Motto    by    imp.     Barefoot  —  Lady 
Tomnkins   bv   American    Eclipse. 

W 


O 
O 


The  Burns  &  Waterhouse  Farm 


Mendocino  county  is  one  of  the  least  known  of  California's  sutty  counties.  Situ- 
ated far  to  the  north  of  San  Francisco  bay,  it  is  one  of  the  most  picturesque  regions 
of  the  state,  an  exquisite  rolling  country  somewhat  similar  to  the  eastern  portion  of 
Tennessee.  It  is  a  beautifully  watered  country  and  its  supply  of  grass  is  almost 
perennial.  The  scorching  heat  and  malarious  climate  of  the  Sacramento  valley  is  en- 
tirely absent,  being  tempered  here  by  pi^ximity  to  the  coast,  thus  imparting  a  health- 
ful tone  to  all  within  reach.  It  is,  in  fact,  the  greatest  health  resort  of  the  state,  full 
of  valuable  mineral  springs  much  resorted  to  by  invalids. 

The  farm  is  located  on  the  California  and  Northwestern  railway,  near  Hopland, 
midway  between  Cloverdale  and  Ukiah,  the  county  seat.  The  stage  road  from  Hop- 
Jand  to  Highland  Springs  divides  the  ranch ;  and  the  Lakeport  road  runs  parallel  to  it. 
There  is  a  total  of  2,000  acres  in  the  property,  of  which  about  350  acres  is  in  fine  bottom 
land,  producing  the  best  of  cereals.  The  water  is  of  the  very  purest  quality  and  of 
almost  endless  supply.  The  natural  grasses  are  alfilleria,  burr  clover  and  what  is 
known  as  the  Buffalo  grass ;  and  the  cultivated  grasses  are  the  Australian  rye,  Ber- 
muda, red  clover  and  alfalfa.  With  such  a  diversity  of  fodder,  it  is  no  wonder  that 
the  horses  grown  on  Burns  &  Waterhouse's  ranch  have  not  only  size  and  substance  in 
their  favor,  but  quality  as  well  Burns  &  Waterhouse  purchased  this  property  because 
they  found  horses  accumulating.  They  first  established  themselves  at  Sacramento, 
but  finding  their  location  too  small,  they  began  in  earnest  by  the  purchase  of  their  pres- 
ent location ;  and  those  who  see  the  property  will  concede  that  they  have  made  no 
mistake. 

With  a  small  but  select  band  of  mares  and  the  stallions  Lovdal,  by  Wildidle  out  of 
Free  Love  by  Luke  Blackburn;  Colonel  Wheeler,  by  imported  Midlothian  out  of  Agnes 
by  Onondaga;  Altamax,  by  imported  Maxim,  out  of  Altitude  by  Alarm;  and  Eddie 
Jones,  bv  Morello  (best  son  of  Eolus)  out  of  Early  Rose  by  Duke  of  Montrose,  they 
soon  became  prominent  as  breeders.  When  Maxnic  broke  down,  after  a  career  as 
brilliant  as  it  was  brief,  they  retired  him  to  the  stud  also.  •  Colonel  Wheeler  represents 
the  Newminster  branch  of  Touchstone  blood,  while  Altamax  and  Maxnic  represent  the 
Musket  branch  of  the  same  family;  and  Eddie  Jones  is  a  male-line  descendant  of  Leam- 
ington, generally  admitted  to  be  the  best  stallion  ever  imported  into  America.  There 
are  no  better  blood  lines  in  Europe  and  none  as  good  in  the  United  States,  as  can  gasily 
be  proven  by  reference  to  Goodwin's  Guide,  Maxim  being  the  only  goou  son  of  Mus- 
ket ever  imported.  The  following  matrons  (15  head  in  all)  were  the  nucleus  of  the 
farm,  giving  all  these  most  noted,  either  as  turf  performers  or  as  the  dams  of  run- 
ners : 

BERNA,  by  imported  Cheviot  (brother  to  Sir  Modred)  out  of  Sweet  Peggy  by 
Kyrle  Daly,  from  Abis  dam  by  Norfall.  This  mare  produced  that  good  winner  Bernota. 

DUCKLING,  by  Brutus,  out  of  Decoy  Duck  by  Longfellow.  This  mare  produced 
Eduardo,  a  good  winner  at  theEast  this  season.  He  is  by  Eddie  Jones. 


2^.2  The  American  'Thoroughbred 

EARLY  ROSE,  by  Duke  of  Montrose,  from  Talcga  by  Bonnie  Scotland,  from  Lady 
Taylor  by  Glencoe.  Mated  with  Morello,  this  mare  produced  Eddie  Jones,  one  of  the 
best  horses  ever  foaled  west  of  the  Rockies.  At  nine  years  old  he  is  already  known 
as  a  good  sire. 

HAPPY  MAIDEN,  by  Midlothian,  out  of  Felicity  by  Onondaga,  from  Bliss  by  Bon- 
nie Scotland.  This  mare  produced  Rollick,  a  winner  for  four  seasons,  as  well  as 
Hooligan,  deem  by  many  to  be  the  best  two-year-old  in  California  this  season. 

HUMIDITY  (sister  to  Dungarven),  by  Hindoo,  out  of  imported  Calphurnia  by  Julius, 
from  The  Test  by  Saccharometer.  -  This  mare  produced  Humo,  a  good  winner  at 
Brighton  and  Saratoga  last  summer. 

JUANITA,  by  imported  Galore  (son  of  Galopin),  out  of  Druidess  by  Stonehenge, 
from  imported  Castagnette  by  Marsyas.  This  is  the  dam  of  Altawan,  a  winner  by 
Altamax. 

Miss  ROWENA,  by  Midlothian,  out  of  Paloma  (bred  in  Australia)  by  The  Drum- 
mer, son  of  Rataplan.  She  won  $11,255  in  three  seasons  and  is  the  dam  of  Edrodun, 
by  Eddie  Jones,  a  frequent  winner  this  year. 

NAPAMAX,  by  imported  Maxim,  out  of  Napa  by  Enquirer,  from  Bandana  by  Bonnie 
Scotland.  She  won  $12,009  in  three  seasons  and  is  the  dam  of  Escobosa  by  Eddie 
Jones.  She  won  five  sweepstake  races. 

PICNIC,  by  imported  Mr.  Pickwick  (son  of  the  Hermit  and  Tomato  by  King  Tom), 
from  imported  Countess  by  Theobald,  son  of  Stockwell.  She  is  the  dam  of  Maxnic, 
one  of  the  most  brilliant  two-year-olds  of  his  day  and  now  in  the  stud  at  this  farm. 
She  also  produced  his  full  sister  Rowena,  already  a  winner,  and  Recreation,  one  of  the 
best  daughters  of  Morello. 

PALOMA,  an  Australian-bred  mare,  was  purchased  from  the  estate  of  the  late  Sen- 
ator Hearst.  She  was  by  The  Drummer,  a  son  of  the  great  Rataplan.  He  ran  third 
to  Pretender  and  Pero  Gomez  in  the  Derby  and  won  the  Great  Metropolitan  Handicap 
(two  miles)  at  Epsom  in  a  field  of  nineteen.  Paloma's  female  tail-line  runs  directly 
back  to  Rebecca,  dam  of  that  great  mare  Alice  Hawthorn,  who  won  50^2  races  out  of 
68  starts,  including  eleven  gold  cups.  Among  her  produce  we  may  mention  Yellow 
Tail,  by  Watercress,- the  best  three-year-old  of  1900;  Armitage,  by  Surinam  ,a  stake- 
winner  both  in  California  and  at  the  East;  Palomacita,  a  good  winner  in  California; 
Miss  Rowena,  a  winner  of  $11,255  in  three  seasons,  winning  five  consecutive  races  at 
two  years  and  six  at  three,  making  a*fcotal  of  26  wins  in  all ;  Don  Clarencio,  a  repeated 
winner,  and  Examiner,  a  winner  at  the  East.  Paloma  comes  from  the  No.  4  family 
which  produced  such  speed  marvels  in  England  as  Thormanby,  Kisber  and  Iroquois 
among  Derby  winners ;  Wenlock,  Apology,  Common,  Seabreeze  and  Throstle,  among 
St.  Leger  winners,  together  with  eleven  Oaks  winners, 

RECREATION  won  $8.380  in  three  seasons  and  is  by  Morello  (winner  of  the  Fu- 
turity at  Coney  Island  and  the  $10,000  Wheeler  Handicap  at  Chicago),  out  o'f  Picnic 
by  Mr.  Pickwick,  one  of  the  best  sons  of  Hermit.  Her  first  foal  and  her  only  one  to 
race  is  Rockaway  by  Altamax ;  and  he  was  an  excellent  winner  in  1903. 

SONOMIS,  by  Joe  Hooker,  out  of  Blizzard  by  Blazes  (a  very  good  son  of  imp. 
Leamington),  from  Trade  Wind  by  Great  Tom.  This  mare  produced  Alsono,  by 
Altamax,  a  capital  winner  in  1902. 

SWEET  FAVERDALE  won  $7.470  in  three  seasons,  winning  $3,498  in  five  races  won 
and  six  times  second.  She  is  by  Faverdale  (first  called  Centaur)  who  ran  second  to 
Proctor  Knott  in  the  Junior  Champion  of  1888,  with  the  great  Salvator  behind  him. 
Her  dam  was  the  imported  mare  Sweet  Home,  by  Knight  of  St.  Patrick  (sire  of  Mos- 
lem, 2,000  guineas  of  1868),  she  being  also  the  dam  of  that  capital  handicap  horse  Ma- 
jor Domo,  who  was  second  for  the  Suburban  Handicap  of  1891,  won  by  Loantaka ; 
and  second  again  in  1892  to  Montana,  for  the  same  event,  after  which  Major  Domo  won 
the  Brookdale  Handicap  at  Long  Branch  in  fast  time.  Sweet  Faverdale  is  the  dam 


X 


The  Burns  &f   Waterhouse  Farm 


243 


of  Sweet  Tone,  a  good  winner  for  two  seasons  past,  including  the  Ascot  Oaks  at  Los 
Angeles. 

TALLUUA,  by  Enquirer,  out  of  Tallulah  by  Planet,  from  Mazurka  by  Lexington 
This  mare  produced  Toledo,  a  winner  for  two  seasons,  by  Altamax.  He  won  at  pretty 
long  odds  on  the  fourth  day  of  the  present  Oakland  meeting  and  is  considered  a  high 
class  colt.  Also  David  S,  a  very  speedy  son  of  Midlothian,  who  proved  a  winning 
card  for  the  stable  on  many  occasions.  She  also  produced  Lord  Chesterfield,  one  of 
the  best  steeple-chasers  of  1899,  he  winning  both  here  and  at  the  East;  and  frequently 
carrying  the  top  weight  of  his  winning  races.  Several  of  the  old  mares  have  died  and 
some  of  the  younger  ones  have  not  yet  dropped  winners,  so  no  detailed  mention  at  the 
present  time  is  made  of  them.  There  are  also  some  younger  mares  at  the  farm  whose 
progeny  have  not  yet  raced.  Among  these  are : 

HEIGHO,  a  great  winner,  by  Himyar  (only  stallion  in  the  United  States  to  get  win- 
ners of  over  $245,000  in  one  season),  out  of  Janet  (winner  at  four  miles  in  7:30)  by 
Lightning. 

MADRINA,  considered  by  many  to  be  the  most  beautiful  mare  on  the  ranch.  She 
is  by  imported  Midlothian  out  of  imported  Paloma  and  is  therefore  a  full  sister  to  Miss 
Rowena,  a  winner  of  $11,255. 

PRINCESS  ZICKA,  a  good  winner,  by  Rey  del  Sierras  (brother  to  Yo  Tambien))  out 
of  Countess  Zicka  by  Norfolk. 

PREJUDICE,  by  imported  Loyalist  (son  of  Sterling  and  brother  to  Paradox,  winner 
of  the  2000  Guineas  and  Grand  Prix  de  Paris)  out  of  Pride.  Has  a  foal  by  imported 
Galveston,  son  of  Galopin,  Derby  winner  of  1875. 

RAY  OF  GOLD,  by  imp.  Rayon  d'Or  (St.  Leger  1879),  out  of  Beauty  by  imp.  St. 
Blaise,  Derby  winner  of  the  Derby  in  1883.  Nothing  can  surpass  the  breeding  of  this 
mare. 

SHASTA  WATER,  winner  of  $8,785,  of  which  $4,285  was  won  at  three  years  old.  She 
won  16  times,  was  15  times  second  and  10  times  third  in  54  starts.  By  Maxim  (son  of 
Musket)  out  of  Tyranny,  own  sister  to  Tyrant  who  won  the  Belmont  and  Withers' 
Stakes  of  1885.  From  this  family  come  Molly  McCarthy,  a  winner  from  six  fur- 
longs to  four  miles ;  and  the  stallion  Kinglike,  sire  of  L'Allouette,  a  Futurity  winner. 

SPAIN  WAR  has  the  Musket  blood  in  her  through  imported  Artillery,  sire  of  Alma 
Dufour,  one  of  the  most  consistent  fillies  in  America.  Her-  dam  is  Sweet  Rose  tracing 
back  to  Hippolyta,  winner  of  the  Ascot  Stakes  (two  miles),  and  sister  to  Hippia,  win- 
ner of  the  Oaks  of  1867. 

SEA  BASS,  a  bay  filly  by  imported  Artillery,  out  of  Picnic  by  imp.  Mr.  Pickwick. 
This  filly  is  an  inbred  Touchstone  mare,  tracing  to  that  great  horse  through  Ithuriel 
on  her  sire's  side  and  through  Newminster  on  her  dam's.  Artillery  is  the  sire  of 
Shot  Gun,  one  of  the  fastest  horses  in  America ;  and  is  full  brother  to  Hilda,  a  winner 
for  five  seasons  in  New  Zealand.  Artillery's  dam  was  Ouida  by  Yattendon,  she  being 
the  dam  of  Strathmore  (by  Nordenfelt)  who  won  the  Victoria  Derby  of  1892.  By 
the  way,  there  are  now  a  lot  of  yearlings  at  the  Oakland  track  bv  the  stallions  men- 
tioned in  the  fore  part  of  this  article  that  have  been  pronounced  by  good  judges  to  be 
the  best  yet  led  into  a  California  sales  ring.  The  forcing  system  finds  no  place  at 
this  farm.  Colts  and  fillies  are  given  plenty  of  outdoor  exercise,  over  rolling  land  that 
brings  all  their  muscles  into  play  while  in  motion.  They  are  fed  plenty  of  good  and 
hearty  provender,  but  not  stuffed  like  bullocks.  In  addition  to  this  they  are  stable 
broken  and  fit  to  go  into  the  hands  of  any  competent  trainer  next  year.  An  examina- 
tion of  the  pedigrees  of  these  mares  and  stallions  will  show  that  they  embody  the  very 
best  blood,  both  native  and  imported,  that  can  be  found  in  all  America.  As  the 
proprietors  of  this  farm  have  discontinued  racing  altogether,  their  yearlings  will  be 
sold  annually  hereafter  at  public  auction.  An  inspection  of  the  farm  and  its  breeding 
operations  is  cordially  invited. 


244  The  American  'Thoroughbred 

Since  the  foregoing  was  in  type,  Burns  &  Water-house  have  held  their  first  annual 
sale  of  yearlings  in  San  Francisco,  on  which  occasion  the  following  excellent  prices 
were  realized : 

Figami,  ch  c,  by  Figaro-Amida ;  T.  Garnet  Ferguson  $   225.00 

Alberna,  b  f,  by  Altamax-Berna ;  K.  Kimberly   200.00 

Tony  Girl,  b  f,  by  Eddie  Jones-Bit  of  Fashion ;  C.  F.  Rallied 375.00 

Figaretta,  b  f,  by  Figaro-Cofeette ;   E.  McNamara    150.00 

Dangerous  Girl,    bf,  by  Eddie  Jones-Dangerous  Maid;  W.  M.  Marry 1,000.00 

My  Dulcie,  b  f,  by  Col.  Wheeler-Dulcie  Larondie ;  H.  Stover  50.00 

Boloman,  b  c,  by  David  Tenny  Ella  Boland ;  D.   S.  Fountain    350.00 

Frolic,  ch  c,  by  Take  Notice-Happy  Maiden ;  Frank  O'Rourke  800.00 

Etapa,  b  c,  by  Take  Notice-Hoolou ;  A.  Koenigsberger  1,250.00 

Husan,  b  c,  by  Eddie  Jones-Humidity ;  C.  T.  Patterson  2,100.00 

First  Lake,  ch  f,  by  First  Tenor-Lakelo ;   P.  McAuliffe   200.00 

Madri,  b  f,  by  Altamax  or  Take  Notice-Madrina ;  T.  F.  Clark  .200.00 

Ban  Boy,  ch  c,  by  Take  Notice-Miss  Ban ;  W.  M.  Baird  175.00 

Legal  Form,  b  c,  by  Eddie  Jones-Mortgage ;  W.  Miller   375-00 

Prince  Nap,  br  c,  by  j^ddie  Jones-Napamax ;  J.  O.  Keene 2,250.00 

My  Pal,  b  c,  by  Eddie  Jones-Palomacita ;   W.  Engstrom   550.00 

Sea  Lad,  b  c,  by  Figaro-Sea  Bass ;  J.  Havalaw 250.00 

Mendocino,  b  c,  by  Altamax-Sonomis ;  C.  T.  Patteflson  1,700.00 

vVarwheel,  ch  c,  by  Col.  Wheeler-Spainwar   2,000.00 

Rosearo,  b  f,  by  Figaro-Sweet  Rose ;  W.   Engstrom    275.00 

Talamund,  b  c,  by  Altamax-Talluda ;  T.  E.  McLaughlin   1,100.00 


Total     $15.575.00 

Average $741.66 

The  above  is  a  big  average  for  the  get  of  three  comparatively  untried  sires  and 
points  clearly  to  an  average  of  $1,000  or  better  for  their  next  sale.  A  curious  feature 
of  the  sale  is  that  the  largest  prices  were  paid  by  Eastern  buyers ;  and  as  they  are  not 
so  familiar  with  the  California  horses  as  are  the  bona  fide  residents  of  the  State,  it  is 
presumable  that  the  youngsters  sold  on  their  good  looks  and  their  general  racy  confor- 
mation. Mr.  J.  O.  Keene,  who  paid  the  highest  price  of  the  sale,  trained  the  famous 
Russian  horse,  Irish  Lad,  a  son  of  Galtee  More,  who  won  the  "Triple  Crown"  in  1897 ; 
and  there  are  few  better  trainers  and  no  better  judges  of  racing  points  in  an  untried 
colt  than  he  is.  The  two  next  highefst  prices  were  paid  by  Charles  T.  Patterson,  who 
was  at  one  time  the  trainer  for  Burns  &  Waterhouse's  racing  stable.  He  is  a  man 
who  "knows  a  good  thing  when  he  sees  it." 


A   HOME    PRODUCTION 

This  book  is  something  that  illustrates  the  progress  of  the  city  of  Los  Angeles 
and  her  local  industries.  Before  getting  it  out,  I  sent  specifications,  inviting  bids  on 
this  work,  to  printing  houses  in  Cincinnati,  Louisville,  Indianapolis  and  St.  Paul  in  the 
East,  and  to  offices  in  San  Francisco,  San  Jose  and  Oakland  in  this  State.  The  low- 
est bid  I  got,  was  from  Indianapolis  and  the  next  lowest  from  St.  Paul.  The  third 
lowest  was  from  the  Commercial  Printing  House  in  this  city,  of  which  Mr.  Ulrich 
Knoch  is  proprietor.  His  bid  was  $250  higher  than  the  Indianapolis  bid,  and  $225 
higher  than  the  one  from  St.  Paul.  Having  been  a  shopmate  with  him  on  the  Daily 
Herald  in  1892,  and  knowing  him  to  be  a  very  thorough  man  in  all  he  undertook,  I 
sat  down  and  figured  out  the  cost  of  an  Eastern  journey,  and  concluded  to  give  the 
contract  to  Mr.  Knoch,  an  action  I  have  had  no  cause  to  regret.  His  work  is  done 
and  well  done. 

I  was  about  to  send  the  illustrated  portion,  of  this  work  East,  but  Mr.  Knoch 
recommended  Riley  &  Moore  Engraving  Co.,  of  this  city,  so  highly  that  I  concluded 
to  give  them  the  contract  and  they  have  executed  the  engravings  in  such  a  conscien- 
tious manner,  that  I  have  no  hesitation  in  recommending  them  to  any  and  all  parties 
desiring  their  services.  Those  young  gentlemen  have  "come  to  stay." 

T.  B.  M. 


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